Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:13):
Part one, Why It's the way it is.
Speaker 2 (00:19):
On today's Why It's the way it is, we're going
to talk about something called predator swamping. You might hear
that and picture a wolf running through a swamp. That's
not what this is, though predator swamping can involve wolves.
Predator swamping is a strategy. It's a technique or a
(00:40):
way in which prey animals, meaning you know, animals that
are consumed by other animals, in which prey animals can
produce their babies in a way that reduces, okay, or
diminishes the chance that their babies are going to be.
Speaker 3 (00:58):
Killed by predators.
Speaker 2 (01:01):
Now, to do this, let's picture ourselves up in the
Arctic Okay, up in the far North. So let's say
we're gonna go up to the top end of Alaska
where the northern border of Alaska comes up against the
Arctic Ocean. There aren't any trees up there. It's a
type of low brush called tundra. It's a lot of water,
(01:24):
a lot of mosquitoes, there's a consistent wind that comes
off the ocean, Okay, and it's just a big, broad,
wide open landscape. And in some of these areas of
northern Alaska along the coast, huge congregations of cariboo will
gather during the spring calving season. When I say huge
(01:47):
congregations the cariboo, I mean it could be thousands. It
could be tens of thousands of.
Speaker 3 (01:53):
Cariboo will all.
Speaker 2 (01:55):
Gather on this landscape in the spring to have their babies.
Why do they do this. It could be a bunch
of reasons why they go up there. Mosquitos, like I said,
are terrible, but there's a breeze off the ocean that
can keep the mosquitoes down and that can be helpful
to them because the mosquitos up there can get so
(02:16):
bad they'll kill a baby cariboo. They'll draw so much
blood that a baby caribou can literally die from blood loss.
But there's another reason they go up there. Cariboo have
a lot of predators. Their primary predators in that area
are wolves and grizzly bears. Okay, when all these caribou
(02:38):
gather up, thousands of caribou gather up, they draw in
some predators. Okay, packs of wolves are going to show up,
grizzly bears are going to show up, and they're there
and they know what's gonna happen. They know that all
those caribou are gonna start having babies, and they know
that those babies are going to be very vulnerable for
a few hours, for a couple of days, because once
(03:02):
they're a couple days old, they can get up and run.
Speaker 3 (03:04):
With their mom. But when they're being born and in
the first few hours of their.
Speaker 2 (03:10):
Life, they can be vulnerable, meaning wolves can just run
up and grab them.
Speaker 3 (03:15):
So back to these huge groups.
Speaker 2 (03:17):
Now, picture that over the course of a couple days,
Over the course of a few days, every single mom
of caribou all of a sudden has her baby.
Speaker 3 (03:27):
Okay, they swamp.
Speaker 2 (03:30):
Let's say they swamp the landscape with babies and they're
all being born at the same time. Now, what are
those predators gonna do. They're gonna get some sure, right,
each of those wolves is gonna get one, they're gonna
get two. But then after a couple of days, all
those baby caribou were able to run around, and the
wolves had their chance, right, they had their chance to
(03:52):
prey on baby caribou.
Speaker 3 (03:53):
But the chance was super short. It was a period
of just a few days. And it's over imagine a difference.
Speaker 2 (04:01):
So let's keep that id in mind, where they swamp
the landscape with babies, way more babies on the ground
at any given time, way more babies on the ground
than those wolves would ever have a chance of picking up.
But picture of caribou did it differently. Picture if they
trickled in over the.
Speaker 3 (04:17):
Course of months.
Speaker 2 (04:19):
Okay, they come in over the course of months, and
every day a few of those caribou mommies have their babies.
What's gonna happen then, Well, every day all summer, those
wolves are gonna be nabbing up whatever baby caribou hit
the ground. It's just gonna keep happening, and they're gonna
keep eating them. It's gonna keep happening, and they're gonna
(04:40):
keep eating them. In the end, that caribou herd would
probably lose way way more caribou calves than they would
have had they just all done it at once. It
created so much food on the ground, so many fawns
on the ground all at once, that it kept the
predators busy long enough for everybody else to get up
(05:02):
and get ready to go. That strategy is predator swamping.
You're producing so many babies that the predators don't have
a chance of eating them all, you know some are
gonna survive. There's another really famous case or often mentioned
case of predator swamping, which is baby sea turtles that
synchronize their hatch. Okay, so mama turtles come up on
(05:25):
a beach, they all lay their babies. Now, if every
night some of those babies popped out of the hole
and made a break for the ocean, they're just gonna
get picked off. But picture on some perfect night, thousands
of those little babies all of a sudden, miraculously, in
a synchronized way, all at once, thousands of those babies
come out of their holes and run to the ocean.
Speaker 3 (05:46):
What's gonna happen.
Speaker 2 (05:47):
Maybe there's a few birds around, there's a few crabs around.
They don't have a chance to get them all. They
can get a couple, but they're not gonna get them
all because they all came at once.
Speaker 3 (05:56):
That is predator swamping. One of the reasons.
Speaker 2 (06:01):
Why some animals synchronize the birth of their young, or
synchronize the hatching of their young as a way to
make sure that some are gonna get lost, but most
are gonna make it.
Speaker 4 (06:20):
Part two.
Speaker 5 (06:21):
Guess that critter, it's time for guess that critter. Where
we play animal sounds and you've got to guess what
animal is making those sounds. You'll learn some neat facts
about these animals and develop your ear to better identify
their sounds in the wild or in this case, maybe
in your attic too. And don't worry, we'll throw in
some clues along the way. Now, listen closely. These are
(06:52):
the cries from a whole flock flying overhead. Groups of hundreds,
if not thousands, will fill the sky during their spring
and fall migrations, and their calls can be heard from
miles away. These critters prefer open areas, such as meadows,
agricultural fields, and the edges and shorelines of marshes and
lakes in the mountains. You might occasionally find them feeding
(07:13):
in high altitude alpine zones or even open avalanche shoots
where sliding snow has scrubbed away all the trees. They're omnivorous,
meaning they'll eat just about anything with their long sharp beak, berries, roots, forbes,
agricultural crops such as wheat, alfalfa, and corn, plus all
manner of insects and even small vertebrates. That's a critter
(07:36):
with a backbone, such as rodents, lizards, frogs, and baby birds.
They can grow nearly four feet tall and weigh over
ten pounds. They're gray in color with a bright crimson
red patch on their heads, so they're easy to see
and also easy to hear. Their calls can sound like rattling, bugling, hissing,
and honking. Here's what a male can sound like. These
(08:09):
animals sure can dance during courtship. They twirl and jump,
pump their heads, stretch their wings, and bow. You may
hear them making these dueting sounds while dancing. These animals
(08:29):
lay eggs and raise one brood or family of young
per year. Juveniles stay close to their parents for nine
to ten months after hatching before they go off on
their own. The babies of this bird species are known
as colts. Here's what one sounds like, and here are
(08:52):
what slightly older juveniles sound like. Okay, it's time for
the reveal. It's a sand hill crane. Their name comes
from habitats that they use in and around the Sand
(09:14):
Hills region of Nebraska, although they can be encountered throughout
much of North America as they migrate back and forth
from northern breeding grounds and southern wintering grounds. Thousands and
thousands of birds gather every year in the Texas Panhandle.
They can live for a very long time. The oldest
one on record was at least thirty seven years old.
Mating pairs of males and females will stay together for
(09:37):
years so long as they're able to successfully reproduce together.
When one of them dies, the other will seek out
a new mate. You can legally hunt sand Hill grains
in seventeen states. Their meat is thought to be so
tasty and so similar to beef that they've earned the
nickname Ribbi of the Sky.
Speaker 1 (09:58):
Part three Trivia.
Speaker 6 (10:02):
And now it's time for Meat Eater Kids Trivia, the
other only game show where conservation always wins. This is
a quiz show for kids who love the outdoors. Take
it away, Spencer.
Speaker 4 (10:14):
Today, I'm joined by Jimmy, Rosie, Matthew, Aina, Mabel Hayden,
and Conley. Each player will earn ten dollars for conservation
with every question they get right.
Speaker 3 (10:25):
Today.
Speaker 4 (10:25):
There's a potential for this room to earn up to
two hundred and ten dollars this week. That donation is
going to the Land Access Initiative, which provides more access
to public lands for hunting, fishing, hiking, camping, swimming, and
whatever else you like doing outdoors. Let's see how much
money our players can raise. Question one, Which of these
(10:46):
states does not touch the apple Lachian Mountains? Is it Kentucky,
Pennsylvania or California? Which of these states does not touch
the apple Latchian Mountains? Kentucky, Pennsylvania, California. Rosie with the
(11:06):
quickest answer, Rosie, do you have this one right?
Speaker 7 (11:09):
I think you think? Okay? Is anybody else in you're confident?
Speaker 3 (11:14):
Hayden?
Speaker 4 (11:14):
Your markers already down? Do you know this one? I know?
Which of these states does not touch the Appalachian Mountains?
Speaker 1 (11:22):
Process of elimination?
Speaker 4 (11:24):
Okay, Kentucky, Pennsylvania or California. Two of those states touched
the Appalachian Mountains. One of them does not. Does everybody
have an answer?
Speaker 5 (11:33):
Yeah?
Speaker 4 (11:33):
Yeah, go ahead and reveal your answers.
Speaker 1 (11:37):
Rosie, uh Pennsylvania, Mabel California, Aina, California, Hayden California, Conley.
Speaker 8 (11:43):
California, Matthew California.
Speaker 4 (11:45):
Jimmy California. The correct answer is California. Almost everybody got
that one right. The thirteen Appalachian Mountain states are Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi,
New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia,
and West Virginia. California is about two thousand miles from
(12:07):
the Appalachian Mountains, which would be about a thirty hour drive.
How many of you been to a state with the
Appalachian Mountains?
Speaker 7 (12:15):
Yeah?
Speaker 4 (12:15):
And Conley? Okay, Jimmy, what state were you in with
the Appalachian Mountains? I don't actually know, Okay, I just
remember Conley.
Speaker 7 (12:24):
What state have you been in with the Apple Aachian?
Speaker 1 (12:26):
I want to Alabama?
Speaker 7 (12:29):
Really?
Speaker 4 (12:30):
Did you see the Appalachian Mountains there?
Speaker 8 (12:32):
I don't think so.
Speaker 7 (12:33):
Don't think so. How about over here? Maybe line North Carolina?
Speaker 1 (12:35):
Every year, every single year you're seeing Apple Aachians. We've
never gone and seen them. We're just in the on
the beach.
Speaker 7 (12:41):
Okay, you might be able to see them from there.
Speaker 4 (12:43):
How to the Apple Aachians? How are they different than
the rockies that you guys live by here?
Speaker 7 (12:46):
Do they look different? Yeah? What do you think?
Speaker 4 (12:48):
They're older?
Speaker 1 (12:49):
So they're wait, that's the right thinking about the right thing, right, Yes,
I am they're older, so they're like more flat and
not its like crooking.
Speaker 4 (12:55):
Because of the land.
Speaker 1 (12:57):
I'm gonna get to science at mini lectures.
Speaker 3 (12:59):
Still.
Speaker 4 (13:00):
Question two, What word is defined as a smaller river
that flows into a bigger river? Is it tributary, savannah
or tide? What word is defined as a smaller river
that flows into a bigger river, tributary, savannah or tide. Jimmy,
(13:24):
you know this one.
Speaker 7 (13:25):
I think so, Jimmy. It looked like you didn't even
need the choices. You are that confident. Wait, what's the
thing again?
Speaker 4 (13:30):
Like, the definition is a small river that flows into
a bigger river. Your choices are tributary, savannah or tide.
Speaker 7 (13:40):
A very confident room.
Speaker 4 (13:42):
Matthew is still thinking tributary, savannah or tide. Is everybody ready?
Speaker 1 (13:49):
Yep?
Speaker 4 (13:50):
Go ahead and reveal your answers.
Speaker 8 (13:52):
Rosie tributary, Mabel tributary.
Speaker 4 (13:56):
Tributary, Hayden, Conley tributary, Matthew, Jimmy, tributary. The correct answer
is tributary. Almost everybody got that one right. The definition
of a savannah is a type of grassland with scattered trees.
The definition of tide is the periodic rise and fall
of waters in the ocean, and a tributary is a
(14:17):
small body of water that flows into a big body
of water. Can you guys name some tributaries.
Speaker 7 (14:23):
For the Missouri River?
Speaker 1 (14:26):
Jefferson, There you go. There's three of them. We literally
went to the place where they all go in Conley.
Speaker 4 (14:31):
Did she take yours? What's the other one?
Speaker 7 (14:35):
Madison?
Speaker 4 (14:36):
There you go, Madison. There's a lot of choices the Missouri.
You've got the Yellowstone, the Jefferson, the Madison, the Gallot,
and basically any of the creeks and rivers that you
guys live by are a direct or indirect tributary to
the Missouri River.
Speaker 3 (14:51):
Question three?
Speaker 4 (14:52):
Which of these animals has the most teeth? Is it
a tiger, a great white shark for a beaver?
Speaker 7 (15:02):
Which of these animals?
Speaker 4 (15:04):
Which of these animals has the most teeth? Tiger, great
white shark or a beaver? The way you think that's it,
I think it's suposed to be a trick queshion.
Speaker 1 (15:14):
So we're gonna like think of something that we're gonna
be like, wait, is this actually it? We're all gonna
say something and it's not gonna be any of no
one's gonna get it right real or we're just gonna
all be I know real well.
Speaker 4 (15:28):
Which one has the most teeth tiger, great white shark
or beaver?
Speaker 7 (15:33):
Is everybody ready?
Speaker 4 (15:34):
Yeah, go ahead and reveal your answers.
Speaker 8 (15:38):
Rosie, great white shark, Mabel, great white shark, Hayden great what, Conley, Matthew, Jimmy,
great white shark.
Speaker 7 (15:50):
The correct answer.
Speaker 4 (15:53):
Is a great white shark. This was not a trick question.
You all knew it one hundred percent right. Beaver have
twenty teeth, tigers have thirty teeth, and great white sharks
have three hundred teeth. The animal would be most teeth
in the world is a snail, which has twenty thousand teeth. Humans,
on the other hand, have thirty two teeth, which take
(16:14):
about two minutes to brush. That means if a snail
were to brush their teeth at the same pace, it
would take over twenty hours to complete the job.
Speaker 7 (16:22):
Wait, how they're so tiny?
Speaker 4 (16:25):
It's like sandpaper. You know what sandpaper is, That's what
their teeth look like. They got twenty thousand of those.
So how you're asking the wrong person. I feel like
I know a lot of things for you, Matthew, but
I don't know.
Speaker 7 (16:37):
How they have twenty thousand teeth. Now I got a
question for the room.
Speaker 4 (16:40):
So snails have thousands of teeth and dragonflies have thousands
of compound eyes. Would you, guys rather be a dentist
for a snail or an eye doctor for a dragon?
Speaker 7 (16:49):
Eye doctor for a drug?
Speaker 4 (16:50):
Why? You sound very confident. It's like you've thought about
that question all your.
Speaker 5 (16:53):
Life has because it would be very, very, very difficult
in the first place.
Speaker 4 (16:58):
And I don't think I'm gonna warm it for.
Speaker 3 (17:00):
Your snails teeth?
Speaker 7 (17:01):
Okay, please?
Speaker 4 (17:02):
Good reason, Oh, Rosie, Rosie has She's gonna bring us
the Devil's advocate here. Why do you think it should
be a snail teeth instead?
Speaker 5 (17:10):
So being an eye doctor for driving?
Speaker 8 (17:12):
Like, what if they need glasses, then we're supposed to
do just make twenty thousand of them.
Speaker 7 (17:16):
That's a good point. What if that snail needs braces?
Speaker 1 (17:18):
Though, well, you're not your dentists probably really time.
Speaker 4 (17:26):
The correct answer, You're right puts an How about Phil?
Speaker 7 (17:29):
Phil? What would you rather do?
Speaker 6 (17:30):
I doctor?
Speaker 7 (17:31):
Obviously, Okay, I'm doing.
Speaker 3 (17:34):
How dare you I'm doing?
Speaker 4 (17:35):
That's it for today's rounder trivia, Phil the engineer? How
much money did we raise? Well? They raised one hundred
and ninety dollars one hundred and ninety dollars going to
the Land Access Initiative. Well done, kids. Join us next
time for more Meat Eater Kids Trivia, the only other
game show where conservation always wins.
Speaker 6 (17:55):
Thank you so much for listening to Meat Eater Kids.
We hope you enjoyed listening to the show as much
as we enjoyed making it. If you'd like to hear more,
had your parents leave the show a review, write us
an email and tell.
Speaker 3 (18:07):
Your friends about it.
Speaker 6 (18:09):
Until then, get outside and don't stop being for me
here day