Derm: Tinea: Free MSRA Podcast

⚕️ FREE MSRA PODCAST – Tinea (Ringworm)
🎧 A high-yield breakdown of this common fungal skin infection – perfect for exams and daily clinical practice.

🧠 Key Learning Points

📌 Definition
• Tinea (ringworm) is a superficial fungal infection caused by dermatophytes, affecting keratinised tissues: skin, hair, or nails.
• The name "ringworm" refers to the classic ring-shaped rash – no actual worms involved!

📌 Causes & Risk Factors
• Caused by dermatophyte fungi: Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton
• Spread via direct contact (people, animals) or fomites (towels, combs, gym floors)
• Risk factors:

• Warm, moist environments (e.g., communal showers)

• Immunosuppression

• Poor hygiene

• Tight clothing

• Children (especially Tinea capitis)

• Afro-Caribbean children in urban UK areas → high-yield MSRA point
  🧠 Mnemonic: “DAMP” – Direct contact, Animals, Moisture, Poor hygiene

📌 Pathophysiology
• Dermatophytes digest keratin → triggers inflammation
• Body reacts → erythema, scaling, itching
• Tinea capitis: infects hair shaft → brittle, black dot appearance
• Kerion: severe boggy inflammatory mass → urgent dermatology referral

📌 Symptoms
• Red, scaly, itchy patches
• May be ring-shaped (Tinea corporis)
• Tinea capitis: scaling + patchy alopecia, black dots, kerion
• Nail involvement: thick, brittle, discoloured nails
🧠 Mnemonic: “RING” – Redness, Itching, No hair (in scalp), Gritty nails

📌 Differential Diagnosis
• Alopecia areata (non-scaly)
• Seborrhoeic dermatitis
• Psoriasis (silvery plaques)
• Folliculitis
• Eczema
• Secondary syphilis (palms/soles + systemic)
• Id reaction (autoeczematisation)

📌 Diagnosis
• Clinical appearance + history
• Microscopy (KOH prep) – rapid confirmation
• Culture – slower but identifies fungal species
• Use scalp scrapings, plucked hairs, or toothbrush sampling
🧠 Tip: Keep samples at room temperature – refrigeration kills fungi!

📌 Management
• Topical antifungals (e.g., clotrimazole) for mild skin cases
• Oral antifungals (e.g., terbinafine, griseofulvin) for:

• Tinea capitis

• Nail involvement

• Widespread/severe infections
  • Tinea capitis:

• Oral treatment is essential (fungus inside the hair shaft)

• Add antifungal shampoo (e.g., ketoconazole) for 2 weeks to reduce transmission

• Screen/treat close contacts & pets
  • Urgent referral for kerion
  • Reinforce hygiene: don’t share towels/hats, clean brushes

📌 Complications
• Secondary bacterial infection (cellulitis)
• Chronic skin changes
• Spread to other sites or contacts
• School outbreaks (esp. tinea capitis)

📌 Prognosis
• Excellent if treated
• Risk of recurrence if risk factors not addressed
• Carriers may shed spores without symptoms → contribute to transmission

📎 More MSRA Resources for Tinea
📝 Revision Notes: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/tinea-revision-notes/
🧠 Flashcards: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/tinea-flashcards/
💬 Accordion Q&A Notes: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/tinea-accordion-qa-notes/
🚀 Rapid Quiz: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/tinea-rapid-quiz/
🎓 Full Course: .css-j9qmi7{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:1rem;margin-top:2.8rem;width:100%;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:start;justify-content:start;padding-left:5rem;}@media only screen and (max-width: 599px){.css-j9qmi7{padding-left:0;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}}.css-j9qmi7 svg{fill:#27292D;}.css-j9qmi7 .eagfbvw0{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;color:#27292D;}

Episode Transcript

(00:00):
OK, let's get straight into it. If you're prepping for exams,
maybe the MSRA, or just need a really solid high yield grasp on
a super common condition, this deep dive is definitely for you.
Absolutely. We're talking about Tenaea
today. Which most people probably know
as ringworm. Exactly.
And it is. Well, it's everywhere.
It's a proper bread and butter diagnosis you'll encounter all

(00:22):
the time. And for exams, understanding the
specifics, especially tenaeacopedus, is absolutely
crucial. Really high yield stuff.
Definitely need to know, and let's just quickly clear this
up. Despite that name ringworm,
there are absolutely no worms involved.
Zero worms. We'll get to why it's called
that. Good.
So our aim here is to really pull out the essential must know

(00:45):
facts about Teenia. Keep it clear, keep it focused.
Yep, we'll cover you know what it is, the causes, risks, how it
actually works pathologically. What else?
It might look like the differentials.
Who gets it? What you actually see
clinically? That we investigated how we
treat it. And then prognosis,
complications, the whole picturereally.
Think of this as your kind of focused audio revision, the

(01:06):
stuff that's most likely to OU. OK, let's dive in.
O starting right at the beginning.
What is Tinea? OK, Simply put, Tina is a fungal
infection, but it's a specific group of fungi.
We call them dermatophytes. Dermatophytes got it, and
they're a bit picky about where they set up shop.
They are. They specifically like keratin,

(01:27):
so they infect tissues rich in keratin.
That's your skin, your hair and your nails.
OK, so they're essentially having a nibble on bits of you.
Huh. Well, that's one way to put it.
Yeah, they metabolise keratin, break it down.
OK. And the ringworm name then if
it's fungal, where did that comefrom?
It's purely down to how one typeoften looks.
A teenia corporus that's ringworm on the body.

(01:49):
It can start as a red patch spreads outwards and sometimes
the middle part starts to clear up.
Leaving a ring shape. Exactly.
So centuries ago people thought it looked like a worm under the
skin. It's a complete misnomer, but
you know it's stuck. Right, like calling jellyfish
fish. OK so teenia fungal infection,
dermatophytes eats keratin and skin, hair, nails and the

(02:10):
specific name changes based on location.
Precisely. So.
Tinicopitis, that's the scalp, Tinia, corpus body, ringworm,
tiniopatus, that's the feet, athlete's foot in Eucarus groyne
area, often called jock itch, same group of fungi, just
different locations. And tinicopatus, the scalp, one
that's really important to focuson, particularly for exams, it

(02:31):
behaves a bit differently, especially in kids.
OK, we'll definitely keep that one in mind.
Let's talk causes theology. We know it's dramatophytes.
Any specific types we should know?
Well, the main genera are Trichophytin, Microsporum and
Epidermophytin. You don't always need to know
the exact species for initial treatment, but it can be
relevant. And what kind of environments do
they just love? Oh, they thrive in warm, moist

(02:53):
environments. That's their ideal home.
Which makes you immediately think of places like.
Locker rooms, swimming pools, communal showers.
Yeah, anywhere damp where peoplemight walk barefoot.
Hence athlete's foot. Makes total sense.
So how do these fungi actually spread?
How do they get from one place or person to another?
Transmission is usually quite direct.

(03:14):
Skin to skin contact is a big one, touching someone who has an
active lesion. Literally touching the ringworm.
Yes, or, and this is important, contact with an infected animal.
Pets like cats and dogs can carry it, often microsporum
canis, and pass it to humans. Good point.
Don't forget the pets. What about objects?
Definitely contaminated objects or fomites.

(03:36):
Think Powell's clothes, hair brushes, Combs, hats.
Sharing those is a very common way it spreads.
Right, standard infection control advice there.
And then, as we said, those public damp places, gym floors,
pool surrounds. OK, So direct contact human or
animal or indirect through shared items and damp public
areas that leads nicely into risk factors who's more likely

(03:58):
to get? This.
Well, really anyone can get Pinea.
But yeah, certain things increase the risk.
Close contact with someone infected, obviously.
Spending lots of time in those humid places.
Exactly. Or just having skin areas that
tend to stay damp. And a really key one,
particularly for exams, is having a compromised immune
system. Why is that so high yield?
Because finding Tenaya in someone immunocompromised, it's

(04:21):
not just about treating the rashit signals you need to think
about why their immunity is low.It could be a sign of something
else going on. OK, that's a big So what point?
Yeah. What else?
Poor hygiene? Sweating.
Yeah, poor hygiene, excessive sweating.
They create that ideal warm, moist environment sharing
personal items. We mentioned that towels,
brushes. Tight clothes or shoes too?

(04:42):
Yes, especially things that trapheat and moisture, and even tiny
cuts or scrapes on the skin can give the fungus an easy way in.
Makes sense. A break in the barrier.
Yeah. Now you mentioned specific risks
for anthropophilic infections. It's human to human spread,
right? Particularly for tine ecopitus.
That's right, and these are super relevant for tine.
Ecopitus age is a huge one. It's most common in prepubescent

(05:03):
children. OK, so if you get an exam
question child with scalp issues.
Tine Ecopitus should shoot rightto the top of your list.
It's a classic association. Got it.
MSRA nugget locked in other factors.
Overcrowding, like in busy households or schools, increases
close contact. Specific places like
hairdressing salons or using shared Combs and brushes among

(05:24):
kids. These are practical ways it
spreads. Ethnicity is also mentioned as a
factor particularly noted in urban settings for Taneacopedus.
So you can almost build a picture.
A young child maybe from a crowded school, recently had a
haircut, get scalp issues, Taneacopedus.
Risk factors are flashing. Exactly right.
Thinking about those factors really helps.
Let's get a bit more technical pathophysiology.

(05:48):
How does it actually work when the fungus arrives?
It's fairly straightforward actually.
The dermatophyte lands on the skin, hair or nail those keratin
tissues. Then it starts to invade, using
enzymes to break down the keratin, which it uses as food.
The Keratin Muncher is getting to work.
Pretty much. And your body doesn't like this
invasion, so it mounts an inflammatory response.

(06:09):
That's what causes the redness, the scaling, the itchiness you
see clinically. Right, so fungus arrives, eat
keratin, body reacts with inflammation.
Simple enough and we know it spreads by contact.
OK, now this is crucial for diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis. What else can masquerade as
tineon? Because lots of things cause red

(06:30):
scaly skin. This is so important because if
you misdiagnose it, treatment won't work or you might miss
something more serious. Tinea can look like a lot of
other conditions. Give us some key examples what
might look like tineocopedias for instance.
OK for patchy hair loss on the scalp.
Big one is alopecia areata. The key difference usually is
that alopecia areata causes smooth non scaly patches.

(06:52):
Teenicopedus typically has scaleand inflammation.
Scale versus no scale, good differentiator.
What else? Other common ones, atopic
dermatitis, Eczema. It can sometimes show up as
localised scaly patches, though often it's more widespread.
Bacterial folliculitis. Inflamed hair follicles, maybe
with little pustules, can sometimes cause confusion.
Yeah, I can see that pustules might look similar.

(07:13):
Psoriasis is another big mimic. Plaque psoriasis usually has
thicker silvery scales and really well defined edges which
can help distinguish. Wish it seborrhic dermatitis,
especially on the scalp. Causes scaling and redness very
easily. Confused with teeny ecopitis.
OK. Lots of scaly scalp conditions.
What about that slightly surprising one mentioned in the

(07:34):
notes? Secondary syphilis?
How does that mimic Tinia? Yeah, it seems a bit out there,
doesn't it? But the rash of secondary
syphilis can be incredibly varied.
Sometimes it's a maculopapular rash, can be scaly, often
affects the trunk, and crucially, it sometimes involves
the palms and soles. That's not typical for most
tinia, apart from tiniopatus, obviously.

(07:54):
So if you see a widespread scalyrash, especially with palm soul
involvement or other systemic symptoms, you have to think
broader than just fungus. Wow OK, scaly rash plus palm
souls involvement. Consider syphilis.
That's definitely one to remember.
It really is. Don't get tunnel vision.
Another thing is an Eid reactionor auto eczematization.
This is interesting. It's not the fungus itself

(08:16):
causing the rash everywhere. What is that?
It's like an allergic reaction to the fungal infection
somewhere else on the body. So you might have, say,
athlete's foot, but then you getan itchy excimatus rash on your
hands or trunk, even though there's no fungus.
There. So you're your immune system is
overreacting elsewhere because of the fungus?
Somewhere specific that sounds tricky to spot.

(08:38):
It can be. The main point is, while Tina
often looks typical, keep these differentials in mind,
especially if the picture isn't quite right or it's not
responding to standard treatment.
Right. Always think broadly.
Let's zoom out again. Epidemiology.
How common is this, particularlyin the UK?
Who does it affect? Well, UK numbers aren't really

(08:59):
known, but globally it's incredibly common.
Generally it affects all ages, all genders.
But there are definite patterns for certain types.
Oh absolutely. Teenipedis Athlete's foot is
super common in the UK, particularly in adolescents and
adults. That's probably the type you'll
see most often in general practise.
OK, athlete's foot is very common, especially adults.
But teeniacopedis scalp ringwormhas that very distinct pattern

(09:22):
we talked about much more commonin prepubertal children.
And you mentioned a specific demographic association there?
Yes, data suggests it's particularly prevalent in Afro
Caribbean children living in urban areas in the UK.
That's a really high yield pointfor exams.
OK teenyopedus common adult to lesson Teenyopedus common pre
pubertal child especially Afro Caribbean urban UK.

(09:44):
Got it. So when it does show up, what
are the typical clinical features?
What does Tinia actually look like?
The general pictures usually redscaly patches and they're often
quite itchy. If it's affecting hair like
tineocopedus, you'll see hair loss.
If it's nails, they might becomebrittle or discoloured.
And that classic ring shape we mentioned?
That's the sort of textbook appearance for Tinea Corporus,

(10:06):
that expanding red edge with theclearing centre.
But, and this is important, it doesn't always look like a
perfect ring. It can be more solid, irregular
shapes, sometimes just subtle scaling.
Don't rely solely on finding a perfect ring.
Which brings us back to why clinical diagnosis alone,
especially for tinecopedus, can be unreliable, as the notes

(10:26):
highlighted. Exactly right.
Tinecopedus is notoriously varied.
Clinical diagnosis by itself is just not reliable enough.
You might see inflammation, scaling, patchy hair loss,
Sometimes it's quite acute with lots of redness, even pustules
forming. And there was that specific
sign, the black dot appearance. Yes, that's a good one to know.

(10:48):
What happens is the hair is infected with the fungus, become
brittle and break off right at the scalp surface.
Leaving. Leaving these tiny black stubs
visible in the hair follicles, it looks like little black dots
scattered in the area of hair loss.
It's quite characteristic for certain types of tineacopedus.
Black dot titine capita to spooze broken hairs at the scalp

(11:08):
surface. That's it's a good visual.
It is also remember the carrier state.
Someone can have the fungus living on their scalp shedding
spores, able to transmit it, buthave absolutely no symptoms
themselves. Symptomatic spreaders always
makes things harder. It does, and then there's the
most severe presentation, the carrion.
You need to recognise this. Tell us about Carrion.

(11:29):
A carrion is basically a significant inflammatory
reaction to the tneacopitus infection.
It presents as a large, boggy, tender, often pus filled lump or
mass on the scalp. Sounds nasty it.
Is it's often associated with swollen lymph nodes in the neck,
sometimes fever or feeling generally unwell, and
occasionally it can be followed by one of those widespread 8 eye

(11:52):
reaction rashes. A suspected carrion needs urgent
attention and referral to dermatology OK.
Carrion severe boggy, pus filledinflammatory scalp mass reacting
to tinea. Urgent referral needed.
So tinea capitis features unreliable visually scaling,
hair loss, inflammation, maybe postules, the black dot sign,

(12:14):
possible carriers and the severecarrier.
That pretty much covers the spectrum and because it's so
variable and mimics other things.
Investigations become really important.
Crucial While you might stronglysuspect tinea clinically,
getting lab confirmation is vital if you're unsure if it
looks atypical or if initial treatment isn't working.
And for tinea capitis, it's generally recommended anyway.
How do we get the samples for the lab?
You need either skin scrapings or hair samples from the

(12:37):
affected area. For a skin lesion, you scrape
the active raised edge. For the scalp, you try to pluck
some affected hairs, especially those black dots if you see
them. Or you can use a sterile brush
or even a toothbrush head swept across the scaly area to collect
material. The notes mentioned using
special black cards. Yeah, they can be helpful.
The dark background makes it easier to see the fine scales

(13:00):
and broken hairs you collect. OK, sample collected.
What does the lab do? 2 main things microscopy and
culture Microscopy involves looking at the sample under a
microscope, usually after treating it with potassium
hydroxide Koh to dissolve skin cells.
What does microscopy tell you? It can rapidly confirm the
presence of fungal elements, thehyphae or spores.

(13:21):
You can often get a microscopy result relatively quickly, maybe
within 24 hours. It tells you if fungus is there.
So quick yes no on fungus. Pretty much.
Culture, on the other hand, involves trying to grow the
fungus from the sample on special Agar plates.
This takes much longer, typically 2:00 to 3:00.
Why wait that long for culture then?
Because culture identifies the specific species of

(13:42):
dermatophyte, and knowing the species can sometimes guide
treatment. As different fungi can have
slightly different sensitivitiesto antifungal drugs, it's
especially important if the infection isn't responding as
expected. OK, microscopy.
Is it fungus? Quick culture?
Which fungus exactly? Slow but helps guide treatment
if needed. That 2-3 week wait is important

(14:05):
for managing expectations. Any tips for sending the
samples? Yes, definitely tell the lab if
the patient is already using anyantifungal treatments, topical
or oral. Why is that?
Because treatment can suppress fungal growth and potentially
lead to a false negative cultureresult.
Also mention any animal contact or recent travel history.
It can give clues about the likely fungal species.

(14:25):
Good practical. Points.
What about how to store or transport the sample?
Really. Important one this Keep samples
at room temperature. Do not put them in the fridge.
No fridge. Why not cold?
Temperatures can inhibit or killthe fungus, meaning it won't
grow in culture, giving you another false negative.
Room temperature is best room. Temp No fridge for fungal
samples. Got it burned in.
Do we test again after treatment?

(14:46):
Sometimes. Yes, especially for tine
ecopitus. Repeat cultures might be done
after the treatment course to confirm microbiological cure
that the fungus is actually gone.
OK, so. Investigations key for
confirming tine ecopitus identifying the specific fungus
if needed, Checking for cure quick quiz then a child has
suspected tine ecopitus you sendscalp rushings.

(15:08):
What's the 1st result you expectback and what does it tell you
first back? Would be microscopy, hopefully
within about a day, telling you whether fungal elements are
present or not. Perfect.
Right, let's move on to the bit everyone wants to know.
Management, how do we treat Tinea copia?
OK, the. General principles involve
antifungal medications. These can be topical creams,
lotions, shampoos applied directly to the affected area or

(15:30):
oral taken as tablets or liquids.
Good hygiene is also essential, keeping areas clean and dry,
avoiding sharing items. When do you?
Use topical versus oral topicals.
Are often sufficient for localised, uncomplicated
Tineocorporis, Tineopatis or Tineacruis.
Oral antifungals are usually needed for more widespread
infections, severe cases, nail infections, tine on goleum, or

(15:54):
crucially for tineacopitus. Let's really.
Focus on tineacopitus managementagain as it keeps coming up as
high yield. Yes.
Absolutely. First point, if you suspect A
carrion, that big boggy inflammatory lump that needs
urgent referral to dermatology, don't manage that solely in
primary care. Initially urgent.
Referral for carrion. Got it.
What about standard tineacopitus?

(16:15):
Most. Cases can be managed in primary
care. self-care advice is important, gently softening any
crusts to help treatment penetrate.
Strict advice on not sharing hats, Combs, pillows, towels.
Also inspect close contacts, especially other kids in the
house, and consider checking pets if animal contact is
suspected and the core treatment.
For the scalp itself, Topical ororal?

(16:36):
Oral. For teeny capitis, oral
antifungal treatment is essential.
It's the cornerstone. Why so?
Definitively oral because the. Fungus lives down inside the
hair shaft. Topical creams and shampoos just
don't penetrate deep enough intothe hair follicle and shaft to
eradicate the infection effectively.
Oral treatment is king for tineacopitus because the fungus

(16:57):
is inside the hair. Excellent memory hook.
Exactly. So you'll usually start oral
treatment for both adults and children diagnosed with
tineacopitus, either clinically clear or confirmed by microscopy
while awaiting culture. Which oral?
Drugs are typically used first line, the main.
Initial choices are usually grisofulvan or terbinifine.

(17:18):
You start one of these, often for several weeks.
The exact duration depends on the drug and the response.
OK. Grisofulvan or terbinifine?
What if the culture comes back showing a fungus that's maybe
less sensitive or the patient isn't getting better and you
might? Need to consider switching to
another oral agent like etraconazole based on those
culture and sensitivity results,right?
What about topical treatments for the scalp then?

(17:40):
Are they completely pointless? Not.
Entirely useless, but they have a different role.
Nice guidance suggests considering an antifungal
shampoo like ketoconazole or selenium sulphide in addition to
the oral therapy, usually for the first two weeks.
Why add the? Shampoo the main.
Reason is to reduce fungal shedding and decrease the risk
of transmission to others while the oral medication is starting

(18:03):
to work. It helps with decontamination of
the scalp surface, but it won't cure the infection on its own.
OK. So topical shampoo reduces
spread initially, oral tablets provide the actual cure from
within the hair. Smart combo.
What if it's stubborn if the? Clinical signs seem better but
follow up tests still show fungus after the initial course.

(18:23):
The guidance suggests continuingthe oral treatment for
potentially another month or so and re evaluating.
And what about? Those asymptomatic carriers, do
they need the full oral treatment course generally?
No, Carriers without active signs of infection usually don't
require oral antifungals. Topical shampoos might be
recommended for them to reduce sporalo, but the focus is
treating the active infections. And what if you?

(18:45):
Find a child contact of a case. Do you just treat them anyway?
No, you. Examine them carefully.
Oral therapy is usually recommended for contacts only if
infected hairs are confirmed, typically by microscopy or
culture. You don't just treat all
contacts prophylactically without proof of infection.
That's important, OK. Let's recap management, urgent
carry and referral for kepitis. Oral treatment is key

(19:10):
Christopher Venter been a fine first line.
Add topical shampoo initially tocut transmission.
Treat for several weeks, maybe longer if persistent.
Carriers often just get topicalscontacts only treated if
infection is confirmed, plus general hygiene.
That's a solid plan. Covers the.
Core points for MSRA in practise, definitely so if.
Treatment goes well. What's the usual outcome?

(19:30):
Prognosis generally. The prognosis for most tinny
infections is very good, assuming the right treatment is
used. Most cases clear up completely,
usually within a few weeks to months depending on the site and
severity, but it can come. Back in it, yes.
Recurrence is definitely possible, and that often happens
if the underlying risk factors aren't sorted out.
If someone keeps going back to the same damp gym environment
without precautions, or keeps sharing towels, or if there's an

(19:53):
unresolved immune issue, reinfection can easily occur.
So. Treat the infection but also
tackle the source or the risk factors to stop it.
Coming back makes sense. Lastly, any nasty complications
we need to worry about, thankfully.
Serious complications are not common with typical skintenia,
but they can happen, especially if it's left untreated, very

(20:15):
extensive, or if the person is immunocompromised.
Like what kind? Of problems?
Well, the. Fungus damages the skin barrier,
right? That can create an entry point
for bacteria. So secondary bacterial infection
superimposed on the fungal infection is probably the most
common complication which could.Potentially lead to in some.
Cases it could progress to Cellulitis which is a deeper

(20:36):
bacterial infection of the skin and soft tissues.
Also chronic persistent inflammation from long standing
teenia can occur, although that's less frequent.
OK, so. Usually OK, but watch out for
added bacterial infections possibly leading to Cellulitis,
especially if neglected. Exactly.
So if symptoms suddenly worsen like increasing pain, redness,

(20:56):
warmth, swelling or post discharge especially during
treatment, you need to think about secondary bacterial and
reassess right? That's a comprehensive run
through. We've really done a deep dive on
tinea, AKA ringworm. Key takeaways?
It's fungal, caused by dermatophytes eating keratin,
spreads via contact and fomites.Risk factors include dampness,

(21:17):
shared items, maybe low immunity.
That's a red flag and for. Tinea capita specifically common
in kids, especially certain demographics.
Variable presentation. Watch for black dots and the
severe carrion investigations. Using microscopy and culture are
often vital, especially for scalp.
Remember room temp for samples and.
Management hinges on antifungals, with oral therapy
being absolutely key for tinea capitis because the fungus is

(21:40):
inside the hair. Add topical shampoo initially to
reduce spread prognosis. Is generally good, but address
risk factors to prevent recurrence and watch for
secondary bacterial infection asa complication that really.
Covers the high yield essentialsfor tunia.
Hopefully that. Focus Session helps all that
sink in, whether it's for your exams or just day-to-day
practise. For more free MSRA revision

(22:00):
resources, visit freem-sra.com and for the full Premium
Revision Toolkit, head to pass the m-sra.com.