July 2, 2025 • 29 mins
The rugged terrain of Indian Territory in the 1880s offered both peril and possibility—a perfect backdrop for one woman's remarkable transformation from grieving widow to frontier legend. After losing both her brother to war and her husband to violence, Myra Maybel Reed found herself drawn to an untamed region where she would forge an extraordinary new identity.
Her fateful connection with the notorious Starr family wasn't merely about seeking protection in dangerous lands. The Starr's represented a powerful Cherokee lineage steeped in resistance, their outlaw status inextricably linked to tribal politics and the traumatic aftermath of the Trail of Tears. When Belle married Sam Starr in 1880, she gained more than a husband—she secured a tenuous foothold in a world where she might otherwise have remained perpetually vulnerable as an outsider.
At their homestead dubbed "Younger's Bend," Belle emerged as a formidable strategist at the heart of a sophisticated criminal operation. Far from a passive companion, she orchestrated logistics for the rustlers, thieves, and fugitives who sought refuge under her roof—even reportedly sheltering Jesse James himself. Her shrewd intelligence, celebrated by those who knew her, proved invaluable in navigating both the shadowy outlaw underground and the complex legal landscape that threatened to ensnare her.
Judge Isaac Parker's fearsome court finally caught up with Belle and Sam in 1882, resulting in her only documented conviction. Yet even facing imprisonment in Detroit, Belle adapted brilliantly, earning a reputation as a model prisoner while Sam struggled with incarceration. Upon their release, the brief flicker of domestic tranquility she attempted to build at Younger's Bend was repeatedly extinguished by Sam's reckless criminal pursuits and her own legal entanglements.
The violent death of Sam Starr in a Christmas party shootout with his own cousin in 1886 left Belle not only grieving but facing an existential crisis, as her very right to remain at Younger's Bend depended on her marriage to a Cherokee citizen. Through it all, she demonstrated remarkable resilience, adapting to survive in a land defined by shifting jurisdictions, tribal sovereignty, and the ever-present threat of violence—a true testament to the extraordinary will of the woman who became known as the Bandit Queen.
"Edward Masterson and the Texas Cowboys," penned by Michael King, takes readers on an exhilarating ride through the American West, focusing on the lively and gritty cattle town of Dodge City, Kansas. This thrilling dime novel plunges into the action-packed year of Ed Masterson's life as a lawman, set against the backdrop of the chaotic cattle trade, filled with fierce conflicts, shifting loyalties, and rampant lawlessness. You can order the book on Amazon.
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Speaker 1 (00:17):
prepare for an exhilarating journey with the
wild west podcast as we delveinto part three of the Bell Star
series, titled Younger's Bendthe Cherokee Queen 1875 to 1886.
This episode transcends merehistory.
It unfolds a grippingcautionary tale and stands as a
(00:38):
profound symbol of resilienceand defiance.
Join us as we uncover theextraordinary life of a woman
who forged her own destinyamidst chaos.
In this compelling episode, wewill meticulously trace Bell
Star's legacy, illuminating thecaptivating dynamics between
image and narrative.
During an era enthralled bysensationalism, the enigmatic
(01:14):
mystery years that followed thetragic death of Jim Reed ushered
, myra Maybel Reed, a resilientwoman molded by the trials of
hardship and profound loss intothe rugged expanse of the Indian
Territory.
This untamed and tumultuousregion was teeming with both
peril and a unique potential forreinvention.
(01:36):
It was within this volatilelandscape that she forged deep
ties with the notorious StarrFamily, a prominent Cherokee
clan infamous for their daringoutlaw exploits that
reverberated throughout theterritory.
Known for their daring whiskeyrunning, brazen cattle rustling
and enterprising horse thievery,the Stars operated with
(02:00):
impunity, their reach extendingacross the vast lands inhabited
by the five civilized tribes,leaving a legacy of both fear
and fascination in their wake.
The family patriarch, tom Starr, loomed large in the annals of
Cherokee history, his fearsomereputation casting a long shadow
(02:20):
over the community.
He was described as a murderousCherokee, so notorious that he
was an embarrassment to theCherokee Nation, and his life
unfolded like a tempest, rifewith violence, defiance and
tangled loyalties.
Far more than mere criminalitydefined his status as an outlaw.
It was inextricably interwovenwith the bitter and turbulent
(02:44):
politics of the Cherokee nation,particularly the violent
factionalism that eruptedfollowing the controversial
Treaty of New Echota.
This pivotal momentprecipitated the traumatic Trail
of Tears.
Tom Starr and his father, jamesStarr, were high-profile members
of the Treaty Party.
(03:04):
His father, james Starr, werehigh-profile members of the
Treaty Party, a group thatsupported the removal of the
Cherokee people as the onlyviable path to their survival.
This allegiance placed themsquarely at odds with the
majority Ross faction, led bythe resolute Principal Chief,
john Ross.
The ensuing conflict manifesteditself as a civil war of sorts
among the Cherokees, marked bythe brutal assassinations and
(03:28):
acts of reprisal that definedthe era.
In the fateful year of 1845,tragedy struck when James Starr
and one of his sons fell victimto the guns of Ross supporters.
In retaliation, tom Starrembraced his new role as their
(04:02):
stronghold within the ruggedCanadian district, a wild
expanse that served as a refugefor those who lived beyond the
reach of both Cherokee and USlaw.
His ranch, perched along thebanks of the Canadian River,
became a haven for a motley crewof outlaws, including remnants
(04:26):
of the infamous Quantrill'sRaiders and notorious figures
like Cole Younger.
In this turbulent landscape,tom Starr's legacy, intertwined
with the threads of rebellionand survival, forever etched
into the fabric of Americanhistory.
Amid a violent and fiercelyindependent landscape, may Reed
(04:47):
stepped into a world chargedwith tension and possibility.
Some whispers suggest sheengaged in a fleeting liaison
with Bruce Younger, a cousin ofthe infamous outlaw Cole Younger
.
During these formative times,however, it was her eventual
bond with one of Tom Starr'ssons that blossomed into
something more enduring.
In choosing to align herselfwith the stars, may was not
(05:07):
merely associating withnotorious outlaws.
She was immersing herself in arich lineage steeped in defiance
and conflict, a family whosevery identity had been forged in
the fires of resistance withintheir own nation.
For May, a woman marked by theprofound losses of her brother
to one relentless war and herhusband to the chaotic violence
(05:30):
that followed another, the starsrepresented more than mere
companionship.
They embodied a formidablepower and sense of belonging
that had become increasinglyscarce in the encroaching white
settlements of Texas andMissouri.
Scarce in the encroaching whitesettlements of Texas and
Missouri, the Indian Territory,with its promise of greater
autonomy and its unique codes ofconduct, offered May a
(05:56):
sanctuary, a realm where shecould carve out a life
unshackled from the suffocatingsocietal expectations and
stringent legal judgments thathad constrained her existence in
the world she once knew.
Here, amidst the rugged terrainand shifting alliances, she
sought her own sense of identityand purpose in a land defined
by its fierce independence anduntamed spirit.
(06:22):
Belle Starr's connection to theprominent Starr family deepened
profoundly when she entered intomatrimony with Sam Starr, one
of the younger sons of theesteemed Tom Starr.
Sam, born around 1857 or 1859,was significantly younger than
Bell, born in 1848, marking astriking contrast in their ages.
(06:44):
Born in 1848, marking astriking contrast in their ages,
their union was solemnized onJune 5, 1880, within the vibrant
and complex landscape of theCherokee Nation, a setting
steeped in rich history andtradition.
It was during this pivotal timethat Bell began to consistently
embrace the name Bell Star, amoniker that would soon resonate
(07:05):
throughout the land, becomingsynonymous with intrigue and
notoriety.
According to local lore, thepatriarch Tom Star initially
harbored reservations about thematch his protective instincts,
likely fueled by a concern overhis son marrying someone
perceived as an outsider.
Likely fueled by a concern overhis son marrying someone
(07:25):
perceived as an outsider.
Yet, with her indomitablespirit and captivating charm,
belle proved her mettle,skillfully persuading him to
relent and accept their union.
After their wedding, belle andSam found a place to call home
on a patch of land nestledwithin the Cherokee Nation,
which Bell affectionately namedYounger's Bend.
(07:46):
This name honored her pastconnection with the legendary
Cole Younger and his family,tying her personal history into
the land they now claimed.
The homestead encompassed Sam's62 acres, part of his allotment
.
It was situated gracefully nearthe winding banks of the
Canadian River, not far fromwhat is now Eufaula, oklahoma.
(08:10):
To fully grasp their claim tothis land, it's crucial to delve
into the land customs of theCherokee people during that era.
Unlike the Anglo-Americanapproach, which emphasized
individual ownership andproperty titles, the Cherokee
Nation cherished a communal bondwith the earth.
Land was regarded as a sharedresource held in trust by the
(08:33):
tribe for the benefit of all itsmembers.
Individual Cherokee citizenshad the opportunity to stake
their claim on portions of thiscollective estate by making
tangible improvements.
This could involve buildingsturdy cabins that would shelter
their families, clearing fieldsfor cultivation or erecting
fences to delineate their space.
(08:55):
However, the right to theselands came with the expectation
of active engagement.
If a claim remained unused fortwo consecutive years, it would
automatically revert back to thenation, emphasizing the vital
connection the Cherokee peoplemaintained with their land and
the stewardship it demanded.
(09:16):
As a non-Cherokee citizen, bellfound herself navigating the
intricate and often unforgivingwaters of Cherokee law, which
offered her no inherent right toclaim land within the nation.
However, her marriage to Sam, aproud Cherokee citizen,
conferred upon her certainrights to his land, claim rights
(09:36):
commonly known as dower'srights.
The legal framework surroundingspousal rights was complex and
evolving rapidly.
The legal framework surroundingspousal rights was complex and
evolving rapidly.
The social and legal landscaperegarding intermarriage between
Cherokee citizens andnon-citizens, particularly those
(09:58):
of white descent, was becomingincreasingly restrictive.
An 1855 statute aimed to imposeCherokee laws on intermarried
whites without necessarilyextending property rights to
them, creating a convolutedsituation for those like Bell.
Another law, which took effecton November 1, 1875, and saw
amendments in 1877, explicitlyarticulated that the privileges
(10:21):
granted by such intermarriagesshall not extend to the right of
soil or interest in the vestedfunds of this nation.
This meant that Bell's abilityto inhabit and derive benefit
from Younger's Bend wasintricately tied to her marriage
to Sam, reinforcing her statusas an outsider, albeit one with
(10:42):
a foothold through familialbonds.
Living at Younger's Bend offeredBell not just a roof over her
head, but a home imbued with thespirit of resilience.
Yet this sanctuary wasprecariously perched against the
encroaching tide of pressurefrom the United States
government.
The US was relentlesslypromoting policies of
(11:05):
assimilation, aiming to dissolvethe rich tapestry of tribal
lands into individual plots.
This tactic starkly underminedthe Cherokee tradition of
communal ownership.
Thus, the life that Bell andSam cultivated at Younger's Bend
existed in an uneasyequilibrium, firmly rooted in
(11:25):
the cherished customs of theCherokee, yet overshadowed by
the ambitions of a large, oftenhostile nation.
For Bell, this marriage to Samand her tenuous claim to
Younger's Bend represented morethan just a domestic arrangement
.
It was a pivotal moment in herlife.
After enduring years fraughtwith turmoil and uncertainty, it
(11:49):
offered her a fragile sense ofstability and a defined place in
a world that often threatenedto render her invisible.
Even nestled in the heart ofoutlaw country, bell's life was
a tapestry woven from thethreads of Cherokee identity and
the looming changes thatchallenged its very essence, and
the looming changes thatchallenged its very essence.
(12:13):
Younger's Bend, managed by Belland Sam Starr, quickly upheld
the Starr's family reputation.
The remote cabin on theCanadian River gained widespread
recognition as a sanctuaryserving as a reliable hideout
for outlaws and fugitivesevading US law enforcement or
tribal authorities.
Even the infamous Jesse Jamesis said to have stayed there for
(12:37):
several months.
Bell was far from a mere passiveonlooker.
She was deeply immersed in theoperational intricacies of this
clandestine outlaw network.
With a sharp mind and aninsatiable curiosity, she
diligently learned the subtleart of organizing, strategizing
(12:58):
and fencing for the rustlers,horse thieves and bootleggers
who frequented their rustichomesteads.
Her role transcended that of amere observer.
She served as a pivotalmanagerial force, skillfully
orchestrating the logisticsbehind the labyrinthine web of
illicit activities.
As the matriarch of Younger'sBend, bell was not just a
(13:20):
figurehead, but rather the heartand soul of this shadowy
enterprise.
Her intelligence, combined withan unwavering determination and
an indomitable spirit traitsthat were consistently
celebrated by those who knew herproved to be invaluable assets
in navigating the perilous worldof outlaw life.
In a realm where danger lurkedat every corner, her sharp
(13:43):
instincts and resourcefulnessallowed her to maneuver through
challenges, establishing her asa formidable presence in an
otherwise chaotic scene.
The illegal ventures wereprofitable and Bell was said to
be skilled at using bribery tohelp her associates extricate
themselves from legal troubleswhenever they were caught by
local authorities.
(14:04):
Thus, younger's Bend functionedas more than just a personal
hideaway it was a crucial nodein the informed and often
illegal economy of the frontier.
It was a place where stolengoods could be exchanged, plans
could be developed and wantedmen could find temporary refuge
and resupply.
(14:25):
Bell's operations reflected theblurred boundaries of legality
in the Indian Territory.
While the jurisdiction of USfederal courts, such as Judge
Parker's in Fort Smith,technically extended to crimes
committed in the territory by oragainst US citizens, the
vastness of the land and thecomplexities of tribal
(14:46):
sovereignty often made lawenforcement difficult and
inconsistent.
Within this ambiguous legallandscape, individuals like Bell
Star were able to carve outspaces of relentless autonomy,
operating according to their ownrules and network of loyalty.
Her exceptional talent foroverseeing this sanctuary,
(15:07):
teeming with a transientpopulation of formidable and
unpredictable men, exemplifies acharacter of remarkable
strength and ingenuity.
She deftly maneuvers throughthe perilous tides of the outlaw
underworld, demonstrating anunwavering resilience and
resourcefulness In anenvironment that would spell
(15:27):
doom for many.
She not only survives butflourishes, mastering the art of
navigational cunning in a worldrife with danger and deception.
The sense of relative immunitythat Belle and Sam Starr enjoyed
(15:48):
at Younger's Bend was not asironclad as they might have
hoped.
The far-reaching arm of federallaw, epitomized by the stern
presence of Judge Isaac CParker's courtroom in Fort Smith
, arkansas, would soon cast ashadow over their lives
(16:18):
no-transcript.
As the case unfolded, it becameclear that the grand jury,
scrutinizing the evidencepresented, found enough cause to
suspect larceny, leading to aformal charge on November 7,
1882.
It was Deputy US Marshal LemuelMarks, a man accustomed to
enforcing the law withunwavering resolve, served the
(16:40):
arrest warrant With grimdetermination.
He transported the couple toFort Smith, where they would
soon confront the formidable andnotorious Hanging Judge, a
figure whose reputation forjustice was as unyielding as the
iron bars of the cells hepresided.
Their trial began in March 1883, with United States Attorney W
(17:04):
H H Clayton prosecuting the case.
Judge Parker's court had afearsome reputation, given its
jurisdiction over the vast andoften lawless Indian territory.
Although the evidence presentedwas not extensively detailed,
in all surviving accounts it wasenough for the jury to make a
decision.
Bell was found guilty on bothcounts of horse stealing and
(17:27):
robbery.
Sam, however, was convicted ononly one counts of horse
stealing and robbery.
Sam, however, was convicted ononly one count.
The US Court lackedjurisdiction in cases where one
Native American allegedlycommitted a crime against
another Native American withouta non-Indian victim or
perpetrator involved.
Despite his reputation, judgeParker sometimes showed leniency
(17:48):
, especially for first offenses.
He sentenced Sam Starr to 12months in prison.
For Bell, he issued twoconsecutive six-month terms
totaling one year.
They were to serve theirsentences at Detroit House of
Corrections in Detroit, michigan, a distant and unfamiliar
(18:10):
environment, far removed fromthe landscapes of the Indian
Territory.
Despite her time behind bars,belle Starr earned herself a
reputation as a model prisoner.
Her demeanor won the respect ofthe prison matron, reflecting a
blend of adaptability andshrewd pragmatism that smooths
her path through the gruelinglife of incarceration.
Rude pragmatism that smoothsher path through the grueling
life of incarceration.
In stark contrast, hercounterpart, sam, was
(18:33):
characterized as incorrigible,often finding himself toiling
under the harsh conditions ofhard labor.
Their contrasting behaviors,bell's commendable conduct,
paired with Sam's eventualacquiescence, or perhaps the
stipulations of their respectivesentences, culminated in both
of their release after serving amere nine months.
(18:54):
This conviction for horse theftin 1883 stands out in the
annals of history as the soledocumented crime for which Belle
Starr was ever tried andimprisoned.
This pivotal conviction servedas a significant and verifiable
thread in her life narrative, atale that would later be woven
(19:15):
with embellishments and folklore.
The ordeal of facing trial inParker's infamous court and
enduring imprisonment in afederal facility far removed
from the comforts of homeundoubtedly reinforced her
burgeoning public persona as afelon.
This experience likely had aprofound impact on her psyche,
(19:35):
hardening her resolve anddeepening her estrangement from
the mainstream society that hadonce embraced her.
After their release from theDetroit House of Corrections,
bell and Sam Starr returned toYounger's Bend, a place steeped
in their shared history withinthe Cherokee Nation.
(19:56):
Bell, who some accountsdescribed as having gained
considerable weight during hertime in confinement, appeared
somewhat dowdy, a stark contrastto the vibrant woman she had
once been.
Initially, she seemed to turnher focus toward domestic life,
engaging in a variety ofpursuits that included planting
(20:17):
a garden to provide freshproduce, indulging in books that
broadened her mind and playingthe cherished piano that had
been a source of solace and joyin her past.
However, this brief reprievefrom chaos was fragile and
quickly dismantled by Sam'sunrepentant re-entry into the
world of criminality.
Sam Starr seemed almostincapable of resisting the pull
(20:42):
of his former life as an outlawin criminal activities yet again
, including a notorious postoffice robbery that drew
unwanted attention from lawenforcement, solidifying his
status as a wanted fugitive.
His reckless behavior cast apall over Younger's bend,
(21:03):
leaving Bell trapped in anenvironment where peace and
safety remained ever elusive.
The year 1886 provedparticularly tumultuous for Bell
as she faced her own legalchallenges.
In a shocking turn of events,she was arrested twice in the
same year.
The first incident involved anarmed robbery allegedly executed
(21:26):
by three men, with Bellsuspected as being one of the
perpetrators, possibly posing asa man to evade detection.
Ultimately, the absence ofcredible evidence linking her to
the crime led to her release.
A mere three months later, shefound herself in court again,
this time accused of horse theft, after she unknowingly
(21:48):
purchased a stolen horse andgifted it to a friend.
Once again, she was acquitted,a testament not only to her
growing legal savvy but also tothe skill of her adept attorneys
, who successfully argued hercase.
These acquittals, despite hernotoriety as Sam Starr's wife
and her prior convictions,underscored her ability to
(22:11):
navigate the intricate and oftentreacherous legal landscape
with nascent success.
While Bell managed to evadefurther legal repercussions,
sam's recklessness remained aconstant threat.
He was eventually ambushed byan Indian posse, resulting in
critical injuries that couldhave cost him his life.
Demonstrating a blend ofunwavering loyalty and perhaps a
(22:35):
pragmatic instinct to regaincontrol over a clamorous
situation, bell nursed him backto health In a shrewd move.
She persuaded him thatsurrendering to the US Marshals
and facing the formidable JudgeParker would be a more prudent
choice than risking harsherretribution from the tribal
council, especially given histurbulent past.
(22:57):
Consequently, sam surrenderedto US authorities in October
1886, with a trial scheduled inFort Smith.
The following February, bell,ever resourceful and determined,
enlisted the services of themost competent lawyers in Fort
Smith and paid his bail tosecure his temporary freedom.
(23:17):
This period starkly illustratedthe widening chasm between
their approaches.
Bell sought to manage therepercussions of their choices,
attempting to work within ordeftly maneuver around the law.
At the same time, sam remainedentrenched in a self-destructive
spiral of illicit activitiesthat perpetually jeopardized
(23:40):
their hope for a tranquilexistence.
The challenges of escapingtheir tumultuous past and the
ever-looming threat of Sam'sreckless choices cast a long
shadow over any aspirations fora peaceful life at Younger's
Bend.
A fleeting sense of hope thatBell had fought so hard to
(24:04):
secure for Sam Starr by postinghis bail was tragically
ephemeral.
On the fateful night of December17, 1886, the air was thick
with the spirit of the holidayseason, alive with laughter and
music from a Christmas party orcountry dance near their home in
the Indian Territory.
Yet amidst this joyouscelebration, a deadly
(24:27):
confrontation was brewing.
Sam found himself entangled ina fateful clash with Frank West,
an encounter fraught with thecomplex loyalties and bitter
enmities that had long permeatedthe region.
Frank West was not merely a USDeputy Marshal and Indian police
officer.
He was also Sam's own cousinand, in a cruel twist of fate, a
(24:51):
former member of the notoriousTom Star gang.
The accounts of what ignited theshootout diverge like the
winding paths of the territoryitself.
Some allege that West arrivedat the gathering with the intent
to arrest Sam, who was out onbail and still haunted by
serious charges.
Who was out on bail and stillhaunted by serious charges?
(25:14):
Others contend thatlong-standing animosity flared
up when Sam accused West ofhaving waylaid him several
months prior.
Regardless of the exactcatalyst, the confrontation
escalated rapidly.
Guns were drawn like lightningin a summer storm.
Reports indicate that Sam firedfirst his bullet, striking West
Mortally wounded West, with afierce determination that
(25:37):
mirrored the tumultuous spiritof the region, returned fire,
hitting Sam.
In a tragic twist of fate, bothmen fell within moments of each
other, their lifeblood spillingonto the ground of the holiday
celebration, mingling with thefestive decoration that now bore
witness to such a horrificscene.
(26:06):
For Belle, the violent anduntimely death of Sam Starr was
an earth-shattering blow.
Their tumultuous marriage,laden with its own set of
hardships and criminalentanglements, was often
described as the happiestrelationship of her life.
With Sam's abrupt demise, thatchapter closed with brutal
finality, leaving Belle engulfedin a profound personal grief.
(26:29):
But beyond the emotional abysslay an immediate legal and
existential crisis.
As a non-Cherokee woman, herclaim to Younger's Bend, a piece
of land she regarded as home,was entirely dependent upon her
marriage to a Cherokee citizen.
With Sam gone, her rights tothat land, her sanctuary and her
(26:53):
means of livelihood grewperilously uncertain under the
stringent laws governing theCherokee Nation.
Perilously uncertain under thestringent laws governing the
Cherokee Nation.
Once heralded as the BanditQueen a title that began to echo
in whispers across theterritory, belle found herself
(27:14):
alone again, facing anunpredictable future in a land
where her very existence hingedupon her relationships with men
and the intricate dance oftribal and federal laws.
With men and the intricatedance of tribal and federal laws
, the violent end of Sam's starstarkly illuminated the brutal
realities of the life she hadembraced, a life where personal
grudges, familial bonds and theresponsibilities of lawmen
converged with fatalconsequences, often casting long
(28:24):
shadows over the fragile fabricof human connection.
Thank you.
Now my eyes are open and mywill is strong, and my naive
heart has gone undone.
Oh, I hear the calling In thedistance.
I feel Thanks for watching.
prepare for an exhilarating journey with the
wild west podcast as we delveinto part three of the Bell Star
series, titled Younger's Bendthe Cherokee Queen 1875 to 1886.
This episode transcends merehistory.
It unfolds a grippingcautionary tale and stands as a
(00:38):
profound symbol of resilienceand defiance.
Join us as we uncover theextraordinary life of a woman
who forged her own destinyamidst chaos.
In this compelling episode, wewill meticulously trace Bell
Star's legacy, illuminating thecaptivating dynamics between
image and narrative.
During an era enthralled bysensationalism, the enigmatic
(01:14):
mystery years that followed thetragic death of Jim Reed ushered
, myra Maybel Reed, a resilientwoman molded by the trials of
hardship and profound loss intothe rugged expanse of the Indian
Territory.
This untamed and tumultuousregion was teeming with both
peril and a unique potential forreinvention.
(01:36):
It was within this volatilelandscape that she forged deep
ties with the notorious StarrFamily, a prominent Cherokee
clan infamous for their daringoutlaw exploits that
reverberated throughout theterritory.
Known for their daring whiskeyrunning, brazen cattle rustling
and enterprising horse thievery,the Stars operated with
(02:00):
impunity, their reach extendingacross the vast lands inhabited
by the five civilized tribes,leaving a legacy of both fear
and fascination in their wake.
The family patriarch, tom Starr, loomed large in the annals of
Cherokee history, his fearsomereputation casting a long shadow
(02:20):
over the community.
He was described as a murderousCherokee, so notorious that he
was an embarrassment to theCherokee Nation, and his life
unfolded like a tempest, rifewith violence, defiance and
tangled loyalties.
Far more than mere criminalitydefined his status as an outlaw.
It was inextricably interwovenwith the bitter and turbulent
(02:44):
politics of the Cherokee nation,particularly the violent
factionalism that eruptedfollowing the controversial
Treaty of New Echota.
This pivotal momentprecipitated the traumatic Trail
of Tears.
Tom Starr and his father, jamesStarr, were high-profile members
of the Treaty Party.
(03:04):
His father, james Starr, werehigh-profile members of the
Treaty Party, a group thatsupported the removal of the
Cherokee people as the onlyviable path to their survival.
This allegiance placed themsquarely at odds with the
majority Ross faction, led bythe resolute Principal Chief,
john Ross.
The ensuing conflict manifesteditself as a civil war of sorts
among the Cherokees, marked bythe brutal assassinations and
(03:28):
acts of reprisal that definedthe era.
In the fateful year of 1845,tragedy struck when James Starr
and one of his sons fell victimto the guns of Ross supporters.
In retaliation, tom Starrembraced his new role as their
(04:02):
stronghold within the ruggedCanadian district, a wild
expanse that served as a refugefor those who lived beyond the
reach of both Cherokee and USlaw.
His ranch, perched along thebanks of the Canadian River,
became a haven for a motley crewof outlaws, including remnants
(04:26):
of the infamous Quantrill'sRaiders and notorious figures
like Cole Younger.
In this turbulent landscape,tom Starr's legacy, intertwined
with the threads of rebellionand survival, forever etched
into the fabric of Americanhistory.
Amid a violent and fiercelyindependent landscape, may Reed
(04:47):
stepped into a world chargedwith tension and possibility.
Some whispers suggest sheengaged in a fleeting liaison
with Bruce Younger, a cousin ofthe infamous outlaw Cole Younger
.
During these formative times,however, it was her eventual
bond with one of Tom Starr'ssons that blossomed into
something more enduring.
In choosing to align herselfwith the stars, may was not
(05:07):
merely associating withnotorious outlaws.
She was immersing herself in arich lineage steeped in defiance
and conflict, a family whosevery identity had been forged in
the fires of resistance withintheir own nation.
For May, a woman marked by theprofound losses of her brother
to one relentless war and herhusband to the chaotic violence
(05:30):
that followed another, the starsrepresented more than mere
companionship.
They embodied a formidablepower and sense of belonging
that had become increasinglyscarce in the encroaching white
settlements of Texas andMissouri.
Scarce in the encroaching whitesettlements of Texas and
Missouri, the Indian Territory,with its promise of greater
autonomy and its unique codes ofconduct, offered May a
(05:56):
sanctuary, a realm where shecould carve out a life
unshackled from the suffocatingsocietal expectations and
stringent legal judgments thathad constrained her existence in
the world she once knew.
Here, amidst the rugged terrainand shifting alliances, she
sought her own sense of identityand purpose in a land defined
by its fierce independence anduntamed spirit.
(06:22):
Belle Starr's connection to theprominent Starr family deepened
profoundly when she entered intomatrimony with Sam Starr, one
of the younger sons of theesteemed Tom Starr.
Sam, born around 1857 or 1859,was significantly younger than
Bell, born in 1848, marking astriking contrast in their ages.
(06:44):
Born in 1848, marking astriking contrast in their ages,
their union was solemnized onJune 5, 1880, within the vibrant
and complex landscape of theCherokee Nation, a setting
steeped in rich history andtradition.
It was during this pivotal timethat Bell began to consistently
embrace the name Bell Star, amoniker that would soon resonate
(07:05):
throughout the land, becomingsynonymous with intrigue and
notoriety.
According to local lore, thepatriarch Tom Star initially
harbored reservations about thematch his protective instincts,
likely fueled by a concern overhis son marrying someone
perceived as an outsider.
Likely fueled by a concern overhis son marrying someone
(07:25):
perceived as an outsider.
Yet, with her indomitablespirit and captivating charm,
belle proved her mettle,skillfully persuading him to
relent and accept their union.
After their wedding, belle andSam found a place to call home
on a patch of land nestledwithin the Cherokee Nation,
which Bell affectionately namedYounger's Bend.
(07:46):
This name honored her pastconnection with the legendary
Cole Younger and his family,tying her personal history into
the land they now claimed.
The homestead encompassed Sam's62 acres, part of his allotment
.
It was situated gracefully nearthe winding banks of the
Canadian River, not far fromwhat is now Eufaula, oklahoma.
(08:10):
To fully grasp their claim tothis land, it's crucial to delve
into the land customs of theCherokee people during that era.
Unlike the Anglo-Americanapproach, which emphasized
individual ownership andproperty titles, the Cherokee
Nation cherished a communal bondwith the earth.
Land was regarded as a sharedresource held in trust by the
(08:33):
tribe for the benefit of all itsmembers.
Individual Cherokee citizenshad the opportunity to stake
their claim on portions of thiscollective estate by making
tangible improvements.
This could involve buildingsturdy cabins that would shelter
their families, clearing fieldsfor cultivation or erecting
fences to delineate their space.
(08:55):
However, the right to theselands came with the expectation
of active engagement.
If a claim remained unused fortwo consecutive years, it would
automatically revert back to thenation, emphasizing the vital
connection the Cherokee peoplemaintained with their land and
the stewardship it demanded.
(09:16):
As a non-Cherokee citizen, bellfound herself navigating the
intricate and often unforgivingwaters of Cherokee law, which
offered her no inherent right toclaim land within the nation.
However, her marriage to Sam, aproud Cherokee citizen,
conferred upon her certainrights to his land, claim rights
(09:36):
commonly known as dower'srights.
The legal framework surroundingspousal rights was complex and
evolving rapidly.
The legal framework surroundingspousal rights was complex and
evolving rapidly.
The social and legal landscaperegarding intermarriage between
Cherokee citizens andnon-citizens, particularly those
(09:58):
of white descent, was becomingincreasingly restrictive.
An 1855 statute aimed to imposeCherokee laws on intermarried
whites without necessarilyextending property rights to
them, creating a convolutedsituation for those like Bell.
Another law, which took effecton November 1, 1875, and saw
amendments in 1877, explicitlyarticulated that the privileges
(10:21):
granted by such intermarriagesshall not extend to the right of
soil or interest in the vestedfunds of this nation.
This meant that Bell's abilityto inhabit and derive benefit
from Younger's Bend wasintricately tied to her marriage
to Sam, reinforcing her statusas an outsider, albeit one with
(10:42):
a foothold through familialbonds.
Living at Younger's Bend offeredBell not just a roof over her
head, but a home imbued with thespirit of resilience.
Yet this sanctuary wasprecariously perched against the
encroaching tide of pressurefrom the United States
government.
The US was relentlesslypromoting policies of
(11:05):
assimilation, aiming to dissolvethe rich tapestry of tribal
lands into individual plots.
This tactic starkly underminedthe Cherokee tradition of
communal ownership.
Thus, the life that Bell andSam cultivated at Younger's Bend
existed in an uneasyequilibrium, firmly rooted in
(11:25):
the cherished customs of theCherokee, yet overshadowed by
the ambitions of a large, oftenhostile nation.
For Bell, this marriage to Samand her tenuous claim to
Younger's Bend represented morethan just a domestic arrangement
.
It was a pivotal moment in herlife.
After enduring years fraughtwith turmoil and uncertainty, it
(11:49):
offered her a fragile sense ofstability and a defined place in
a world that often threatenedto render her invisible.
Even nestled in the heart ofoutlaw country, bell's life was
a tapestry woven from thethreads of Cherokee identity and
the looming changes thatchallenged its very essence, and
the looming changes thatchallenged its very essence.
(12:13):
Younger's Bend, managed by Belland Sam Starr, quickly upheld
the Starr's family reputation.
The remote cabin on theCanadian River gained widespread
recognition as a sanctuaryserving as a reliable hideout
for outlaws and fugitivesevading US law enforcement or
tribal authorities.
Even the infamous Jesse Jamesis said to have stayed there for
(12:37):
several months.
Bell was far from a mere passiveonlooker.
She was deeply immersed in theoperational intricacies of this
clandestine outlaw network.
With a sharp mind and aninsatiable curiosity, she
diligently learned the subtleart of organizing, strategizing
(12:58):
and fencing for the rustlers,horse thieves and bootleggers
who frequented their rustichomesteads.
Her role transcended that of amere observer.
She served as a pivotalmanagerial force, skillfully
orchestrating the logisticsbehind the labyrinthine web of
illicit activities.
As the matriarch of Younger'sBend, bell was not just a
(13:20):
figurehead, but rather the heartand soul of this shadowy
enterprise.
Her intelligence, combined withan unwavering determination and
an indomitable spirit traitsthat were consistently
celebrated by those who knew herproved to be invaluable assets
in navigating the perilous worldof outlaw life.
In a realm where danger lurkedat every corner, her sharp
(13:43):
instincts and resourcefulnessallowed her to maneuver through
challenges, establishing her asa formidable presence in an
otherwise chaotic scene.
The illegal ventures wereprofitable and Bell was said to
be skilled at using bribery tohelp her associates extricate
themselves from legal troubleswhenever they were caught by
local authorities.
(14:04):
Thus, younger's Bend functionedas more than just a personal
hideaway it was a crucial nodein the informed and often
illegal economy of the frontier.
It was a place where stolengoods could be exchanged, plans
could be developed and wantedmen could find temporary refuge
and resupply.
(14:25):
Bell's operations reflected theblurred boundaries of legality
in the Indian Territory.
While the jurisdiction of USfederal courts, such as Judge
Parker's in Fort Smith,technically extended to crimes
committed in the territory by oragainst US citizens, the
vastness of the land and thecomplexities of tribal
(14:46):
sovereignty often made lawenforcement difficult and
inconsistent.
Within this ambiguous legallandscape, individuals like Bell
Star were able to carve outspaces of relentless autonomy,
operating according to their ownrules and network of loyalty.
Her exceptional talent foroverseeing this sanctuary,
(15:07):
teeming with a transientpopulation of formidable and
unpredictable men, exemplifies acharacter of remarkable
strength and ingenuity.
She deftly maneuvers throughthe perilous tides of the outlaw
underworld, demonstrating anunwavering resilience and
resourcefulness In anenvironment that would spell
(15:27):
doom for many.
She not only survives butflourishes, mastering the art of
navigational cunning in a worldrife with danger and deception.
The sense of relative immunitythat Belle and Sam Starr enjoyed
(15:48):
at Younger's Bend was not asironclad as they might have
hoped.
The far-reaching arm of federallaw, epitomized by the stern
presence of Judge Isaac CParker's courtroom in Fort Smith
, arkansas, would soon cast ashadow over their lives
(16:18):
no-transcript.
As the case unfolded, it becameclear that the grand jury,
scrutinizing the evidencepresented, found enough cause to
suspect larceny, leading to aformal charge on November 7,
1882.
It was Deputy US Marshal LemuelMarks, a man accustomed to
enforcing the law withunwavering resolve, served the
(16:40):
arrest warrant With grimdetermination.
He transported the couple toFort Smith, where they would
soon confront the formidable andnotorious Hanging Judge, a
figure whose reputation forjustice was as unyielding as the
iron bars of the cells hepresided.
Their trial began in March 1883, with United States Attorney W
(17:04):
H H Clayton prosecuting the case.
Judge Parker's court had afearsome reputation, given its
jurisdiction over the vast andoften lawless Indian territory.
Although the evidence presentedwas not extensively detailed,
in all surviving accounts it wasenough for the jury to make a
decision.
Bell was found guilty on bothcounts of horse stealing and
(17:27):
robbery.
Sam, however, was convicted ononly one counts of horse
stealing and robbery.
Sam, however, was convicted ononly one count.
The US Court lackedjurisdiction in cases where one
Native American allegedlycommitted a crime against
another Native American withouta non-Indian victim or
perpetrator involved.
Despite his reputation, judgeParker sometimes showed leniency
(17:48):
, especially for first offenses.
He sentenced Sam Starr to 12months in prison.
For Bell, he issued twoconsecutive six-month terms
totaling one year.
They were to serve theirsentences at Detroit House of
Corrections in Detroit, michigan, a distant and unfamiliar
(18:10):
environment, far removed fromthe landscapes of the Indian
Territory.
Despite her time behind bars,belle Starr earned herself a
reputation as a model prisoner.
Her demeanor won the respect ofthe prison matron, reflecting a
blend of adaptability andshrewd pragmatism that smooths
her path through the gruelinglife of incarceration.
Rude pragmatism that smoothsher path through the grueling
life of incarceration.
In stark contrast, hercounterpart, sam, was
(18:33):
characterized as incorrigible,often finding himself toiling
under the harsh conditions ofhard labor.
Their contrasting behaviors,bell's commendable conduct,
paired with Sam's eventualacquiescence, or perhaps the
stipulations of their respectivesentences, culminated in both
of their release after serving amere nine months.
(18:54):
This conviction for horse theftin 1883 stands out in the
annals of history as the soledocumented crime for which Belle
Starr was ever tried andimprisoned.
This pivotal conviction servedas a significant and verifiable
thread in her life narrative, atale that would later be woven
(19:15):
with embellishments and folklore.
The ordeal of facing trial inParker's infamous court and
enduring imprisonment in afederal facility far removed
from the comforts of homeundoubtedly reinforced her
burgeoning public persona as afelon.
This experience likely had aprofound impact on her psyche,
(19:35):
hardening her resolve anddeepening her estrangement from
the mainstream society that hadonce embraced her.
After their release from theDetroit House of Corrections,
bell and Sam Starr returned toYounger's Bend, a place steeped
in their shared history withinthe Cherokee Nation.
(19:56):
Bell, who some accountsdescribed as having gained
considerable weight during hertime in confinement, appeared
somewhat dowdy, a stark contrastto the vibrant woman she had
once been.
Initially, she seemed to turnher focus toward domestic life,
engaging in a variety ofpursuits that included planting
(20:17):
a garden to provide freshproduce, indulging in books that
broadened her mind and playingthe cherished piano that had
been a source of solace and joyin her past.
However, this brief reprievefrom chaos was fragile and
quickly dismantled by Sam'sunrepentant re-entry into the
world of criminality.
Sam Starr seemed almostincapable of resisting the pull
(20:42):
of his former life as an outlawin criminal activities yet again
, including a notorious postoffice robbery that drew
unwanted attention from lawenforcement, solidifying his
status as a wanted fugitive.
His reckless behavior cast apall over Younger's bend,
(21:03):
leaving Bell trapped in anenvironment where peace and
safety remained ever elusive.
The year 1886 provedparticularly tumultuous for Bell
as she faced her own legalchallenges.
In a shocking turn of events,she was arrested twice in the
same year.
The first incident involved anarmed robbery allegedly executed
(21:26):
by three men, with Bellsuspected as being one of the
perpetrators, possibly posing asa man to evade detection.
Ultimately, the absence ofcredible evidence linking her to
the crime led to her release.
A mere three months later, shefound herself in court again,
this time accused of horse theft, after she unknowingly
(21:48):
purchased a stolen horse andgifted it to a friend.
Once again, she was acquitted,a testament not only to her
growing legal savvy but also tothe skill of her adept attorneys
, who successfully argued hercase.
These acquittals, despite hernotoriety as Sam Starr's wife
and her prior convictions,underscored her ability to
(22:11):
navigate the intricate and oftentreacherous legal landscape
with nascent success.
While Bell managed to evadefurther legal repercussions,
sam's recklessness remained aconstant threat.
He was eventually ambushed byan Indian posse, resulting in
critical injuries that couldhave cost him his life.
Demonstrating a blend ofunwavering loyalty and perhaps a
(22:35):
pragmatic instinct to regaincontrol over a clamorous
situation, bell nursed him backto health In a shrewd move.
She persuaded him thatsurrendering to the US Marshals
and facing the formidable JudgeParker would be a more prudent
choice than risking harsherretribution from the tribal
council, especially given histurbulent past.
(22:57):
Consequently, sam surrenderedto US authorities in October
1886, with a trial scheduled inFort Smith.
The following February, bell,ever resourceful and determined,
enlisted the services of themost competent lawyers in Fort
Smith and paid his bail tosecure his temporary freedom.
(23:17):
This period starkly illustratedthe widening chasm between
their approaches.
Bell sought to manage therepercussions of their choices,
attempting to work within ordeftly maneuver around the law.
At the same time, sam remainedentrenched in a self-destructive
spiral of illicit activitiesthat perpetually jeopardized
(23:40):
their hope for a tranquilexistence.
The challenges of escapingtheir tumultuous past and the
ever-looming threat of Sam'sreckless choices cast a long
shadow over any aspirations fora peaceful life at Younger's
Bend.
A fleeting sense of hope thatBell had fought so hard to
(24:04):
secure for Sam Starr by postinghis bail was tragically
ephemeral.
On the fateful night of December17, 1886, the air was thick
with the spirit of the holidayseason, alive with laughter and
music from a Christmas party orcountry dance near their home in
the Indian Territory.
Yet amidst this joyouscelebration, a deadly
(24:27):
confrontation was brewing.
Sam found himself entangled ina fateful clash with Frank West,
an encounter fraught with thecomplex loyalties and bitter
enmities that had long permeatedthe region.
Frank West was not merely a USDeputy Marshal and Indian police
officer.
He was also Sam's own cousinand, in a cruel twist of fate, a
(24:51):
former member of the notoriousTom Star gang.
The accounts of what ignited theshootout diverge like the
winding paths of the territoryitself.
Some allege that West arrivedat the gathering with the intent
to arrest Sam, who was out onbail and still haunted by
serious charges.
Who was out on bail and stillhaunted by serious charges?
(25:14):
Others contend thatlong-standing animosity flared
up when Sam accused West ofhaving waylaid him several
months prior.
Regardless of the exactcatalyst, the confrontation
escalated rapidly.
Guns were drawn like lightningin a summer storm.
Reports indicate that Sam firedfirst his bullet, striking West
Mortally wounded West, with afierce determination that
(25:37):
mirrored the tumultuous spiritof the region, returned fire,
hitting Sam.
In a tragic twist of fate, bothmen fell within moments of each
other, their lifeblood spillingonto the ground of the holiday
celebration, mingling with thefestive decoration that now bore
witness to such a horrificscene.
(26:06):
For Belle, the violent anduntimely death of Sam Starr was
an earth-shattering blow.
Their tumultuous marriage,laden with its own set of
hardships and criminalentanglements, was often
described as the happiestrelationship of her life.
With Sam's abrupt demise, thatchapter closed with brutal
finality, leaving Belle engulfedin a profound personal grief.
(26:29):
But beyond the emotional abysslay an immediate legal and
existential crisis.
As a non-Cherokee woman, herclaim to Younger's Bend, a piece
of land she regarded as home,was entirely dependent upon her
marriage to a Cherokee citizen.
With Sam gone, her rights tothat land, her sanctuary and her
(26:53):
means of livelihood grewperilously uncertain under the
stringent laws governing theCherokee Nation.
Perilously uncertain under thestringent laws governing the
Cherokee Nation.
Once heralded as the BanditQueen a title that began to echo
in whispers across theterritory, belle found herself
(27:14):
alone again, facing anunpredictable future in a land
where her very existence hingedupon her relationships with men
and the intricate dance oftribal and federal laws.
With men and the intricatedance of tribal and federal laws
, the violent end of Sam's starstarkly illuminated the brutal
realities of the life she hadembraced, a life where personal
grudges, familial bonds and theresponsibilities of lawmen
converged with fatalconsequences, often casting long
(28:24):
shadows over the fragile fabricof human connection.
Thank you.
Now my eyes are open and mywill is strong, and my naive
heart has gone undone.
Oh, I hear the calling In thedistance.
I feel Thanks for watching.
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