Episode-79-Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children: How Low Iron Affects Growth and Brain Development

In this episode of on call with Dr. Anselm Anyoha, we focus on anemia in babies and young children, with special attention to iron-deficiency anemia, the most common and preventable form worldwide.

Dr. Anyoha explains anemia in simple terms, highlighting how iron is essential for making hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the brain and body. When iron levels are low, children may experience fatigue, poor growth, delayed development, learning difficulties, and behavioral changes—sometimes without obvious symptoms.

The episode explores common causes of iron-deficiency anemia, including low iron intake, prematurity, prolonged exclusive breastfeeding without supplementation, excessive cow’s milk consumption, and infections or parasitic diseases in resource-limited settings. Parents learn what signs to watch for, why anemia is often missed, and how routine screening during pediatric visits plays a critical role in early detection.

Dr. Anyoha also discusses diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, emphasizing iron supplementation, iron-rich foods, appropriate milk intake, and follow-up testing. The key message is clear: anemia is common, but early recognition and treatment protect brain development and help children reach their full potential