Born in Lwów, Poland in 1923, Stanislaw Skrowaczewski made his pianistic debut at age 11 on Polish radio, and in 1936 played and conducted Beethoven's Third Concerto at the Lwów Musical Association. He studied conducting, composition, musicology, and philosophy in Lwów, and concluded his graduate studies in Kraków in 1946. Skrowaczewski won the Szymanowski Composition Prize in 1947, which enabled him to travel to Paris for study with Boulanger and Kletzki from 1947-1949. His directorship of the Wroclaw, Katowice, and Kraków orchestras from 1946-1956 led to the directorship of ...