S01 E07 Tenses Gii, Wii, Da, DaaTo change the time an event takes place with VIIs (and all other verb groups) add prefixes to the verb. Gii-, Wii-, da-, daa-.
Gii- is the past tense prefix. Ate (it is in a certain place) becomes Gii-ate (It was in a certain place)
Wii- is the desiritive future tense, translated as will or want to, so:Waaseyaamagad (it is sunny) becomes Wii-waaseyaamagad (it will be sunny)
Da- is the future tense marker in the even is certain to happen so:Gisinaamagad (it is cold) becomes Da-gisinaamagad (it shall be cold)Daa- is the tense marker for future things that could would or should happen so:Gimiwan (it is raining) becomes Daa-gimiwan (It could rain).
Initial Consonant Change Chart from Gii- and Wii-
b | —> | p
d | —> | t
g | —> | k
j | —> | ch
z | —> | s
B→P so: Gii-piinad from Biinad: vii it is clean to It was clean.D→T so: Wii-tazhishin from dazhishin: vii it is in a certain place to it will be in a certain placeG→K so: Wii-kikendaagwad From Gikendaagwad (it is known) to It will be known.J→ Ch so: Gii-chaagide from jaagide: vii It is burned up. Into Wit was burned up.Z→S So: Gii-sogipo from Zoogipo: vii it is snowing to it snowed.
VIIs this episode:
Refresher words:Gisinaa vii: It is coldAte vii: It is in a certain placeNoondaagwad vii it is heardGimiwan vii it is rainingAwanibiisaa vii It is SprinklingAgoode vii: It is hangingWaaseyaa: vii It is sunnyMichaa: vii It is big.Giizhiitaa: vii it is done, it is readyOnzhishin: vii it is niceWese’an: vii There is a tornadoNoodin: vii It is windyGashkawan: vii there is a thick fogBiinad: vii it is cleanNiiskaadad: vii there is bad weatherMinose: vii it goes well, it is good luckBaswewe: vii it echoesMinopogwad: vii it tastes goodGikendaagwad: vii it is knownMinomaagwad: vii It smells GoodAanakwad: vii it is cloudy
New Words this week:
Zoogipo: vii it is snowingMizhawkad: vii the sky is clearAabawaa: vii it is warm weather
Examples in the text:Da-zoogipo waabang. It shall snow tomorrow.Wii-mizhakwad awaswaabang. It will be clear the day after tomorrow.Gaawiin gii-aabawaasinoon bijiinaago. It wasn’t wasn’t warm yesterday.
Additional Example: Daa-gimiwan waabang. It could rain tomorrow. Quiz:
Conversations: Q: Gii-aabawaa ina noongom?A: Eya, gii-aabawaa noongom/ eya, gii-aabawaamagad noongom. (yes it was warm today)A: Gaawiin gii-aabawaasinoon noongom/ Gaawiin gii-aabawaamagasinoon noongom. (No it was not warm today.
Q: Daa-gimiwan ina waabang? (Could it rain tomorrow?)A: Eya, daa-gimiwan waabang. (yes it could rain tomorrow)A: eya, da-gimiwan waabang. (yes it shall rain tomorrow)A: Gaawiin da-gimiwanzinoon waabang, da-zoogipon! (no it shall not rain tomorrow, it shall snow)
Q: Wii-kiizhiitaamagad ina waabang enokiiyan? Will it be finished tomorrow the thing you are working on?A: Eya, wii-kiizhiitaamagad waabang! (Yes it will be finished tomorrow)A: Gaawiin wii-kiizhiitaamagasinoon waabang. (no it will not be finished tomorrow) Aaniin ekidong Daa-gimiwan waabang Zhaaganashiimowin? (It could rain Tomorrow)Aaniin ekidong It shall rain tomorrow Ojibwemowin? (da-gimiwan waabang)Aaniin ekidong Gii-kimiwan bijiinaago Zhaaganashiimowin? (it did rain yesterday)Aaniin ekidong It will rain tomorrow Ojibwemowin? (Wii-kimiwan waabang)Aaniin ekidong Gii-piinadoon ina bijiinaago Zhaaganashiimowin? (were they clean yesterday?)Aaniin ekidong They were not hanging yesterday Ojibwemowin? (Gaawiin gii-agoodesinoonin bijiinaago)
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Some Great Online Resources for Learning Minnesota Ojibwe:https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/
I highly recommend Wendy Makoons Genius’s Ojibwe classes at UW Eau Claire, which she makes available online to everyone:https://www.uwec.ed