April 13, 2016 • 31 mins
After his parents' home burned down under mysterious circumstances, Oliver Haugh was put on trial for murder. Haugh did little to help his own case, and hoped to be found insane so he could serve a shorter time in an asylum.
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Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:00):
Welcome to Stuff you missed in history class from how
Stuff Works dot Com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast.
I am Holly Frying and I'm Tracy V. Wilson. Sometimes
I want to just put them the weird in and
make it people suit and Sam Holly V. Wilson. I
really as you were as you were introducing yourself, I mean,
(00:24):
well inside baseball knowledge here. This is the fourth episode
we have recorded this session, and I really almost said
your name. Yeah, sometimes it happened of my own name.
I'll just go buy a fun pseudonym. Uh. We are
doing today the second part of our Oliver Sea Haw
two parter, and in the first installment of this we
(00:47):
talked about his medical background and his drifting and his
drug addiction and his multiple wives and poor doctor work. Uh.
And we did that episode just after Haw's parents and
brothers died in a fire at their home that only
he survived, and that was a little weird. Uh. And
(01:08):
so today we are picking up with the investigation of
the fire basically right after it's over. And if if
you have missed part one for some reason, this is
the guy that, uh, the hit will be right in
the mouth of the hockey stick, you know when they
were kids. Yeah, when we did that episode. So just
in case you missed part one and are not going
back to listen to it now, although this will not
(01:30):
make as much sense without it, No, so we're picking
up the horror residences burned down under circumstances that were
extremely suspicious. Dr Walter L. Klein was the county coroner
at the time of this fire at the Hall residence,
and immediately upon seeing the remains, he found the details
of the case to be really surprising. It appeared that
(01:52):
all three of the bodies, Samuel Jacob Haw, Mary Francis
Metz Haw, and Jesse Lincoln Hall, had all been clumped
closely together, which seemed quite odd. There was also very
little left of them, as their bodies had been consumed
in the fire and only the bones really were remaining.
And Klein questioned Haw in the hospital, just too prompt
(02:15):
your memory. Haw had been taken to the hospital for
some burns on his leg, and Klein asked him to
go over the events of the night of the fire,
and Haw told him that the family had had dinner
on Sunday evening as usual, that the meal had needed seasoning,
and that he had helped his mother with the dishes
and gone to bed early at seven pm. He did
not know when the rest of his family went to bed.
(02:37):
He said he awoke to the smell of smoke and
woke up his brother. Oliver and Jesse shared a room
and if they tried to call to their parents to
rouse them, but they heard nothing and they saw nothing
because of a thick cloud of smoke in the room.
They also didn't feel for their parents in the smoke
filled room, like feeling on their bed. Has said that
the smoke was getting to him, so he ran out
(02:59):
the door for a few breaths of fresh air, and
by the time he turned back into the house, Jesse
was trapped. Oliver said he yelled for help and then
tried to pump water to put out the fire until
the burns on his leg wound up, hobbling him. The
stories Klein heard from the neighbors when he visited the
home later that same day were generally unkind. When it
(03:21):
came to Oliver, Klein once again returned to the hospital.
This time he took additional witnesses to observe this interview
and a stenographer to take notes, and Haw told his
story again. Klein's next step was to ask that the
meager remains of the deceased Haws beheld and not buried
as scheduled the following The following day, he wanted to
(03:41):
examine them. Then he made a press announcement that he
had intended to arrest Dr Oliver Haw on a triple
charge of first degree murder, and when Hall was taken
into police custody that very afternoon, Klein also met with
his doctors at the hospital, who had come to the
conclusion that because of the placement of the burn on
Haw's right leg, they felt that the wounds were self inflicted,
(04:04):
and at that point Hall was discharged from the hospital
and brought to jail. Once he was arrested for the
murder of his family, it seemed like Hall lost interest
and staying sober. He started screaming and demanding morphine in
his jail cell, and the jail physician, which incidentally was
a job that Hall himself had applied for not long
before this incident, administered him small doses in an effort
(04:26):
to keep him quiet, although it really didn't do much. Yeah,
there's one account where the the jail physician is telling
him like I can only go up to this amount,
and that's kind of dangerous, and Haws like I do
way more than that all the time, even though he
had for a while it appeared, been sober and off
of drugs. But as news spread of hobbying in custody
(04:49):
under suspicion of murder, people began coming forward to talk
about their knowledge of his previous nefarious doings. Among them
was Dr Samuel Herman, the brother of Jenny Huey, to
whom Oliver had confessed to several murders and the plan
to kill his brother. This is actually something Herman had
some conflict about. He wanted to help the case in
(05:10):
any way that he could, but he was worried that
if he revealed that his sister had been a drug
addict and that he had any connection at all to
Oliver Haw, his own reputation as a respected doctor could
suffer for it. Dr Klein tried to keep Herman's statement confidential,
but it got leaked to the press anyway. I never
found out if he had much fallout from that one
(05:31):
way or the other, if his fears were were legit,
or if people continued to respect him, or presumably who
leaked that yeah. Uh. For his part, Klein took the
case very seriously and it became something of a mission
for him. He not only intended to prove that Oliver
Haw had murdered his own family, but that he had
(05:51):
killed many others as well. As a prisoner, Oliver was
unsurprisingly quite difficult when the time came for him to
be moved from the jail to appear before a Justice
of the Piece to be formally charged. He claimed that
the burns on his leg rendered him unable to walk
without crutches, even though the wounds themselves had been deemed
to be very minor by medical professionals. Just the same,
(06:13):
an effort was made to find him crutches. Rather than
argue with him about it, he made additional requests like
a glass of milk and a bucket of water to
soak his leg. Yeah, he really was trying to slow
down that whole process, and while Haw could not stave
off the inevitable forever, when he finally was moved, he
made a very dramatic scene of it. He walked with
a pronounced hobble on his crutches, even though he had
(06:36):
been pacing in his cell just fine in previous days.
There was much groaning and moaning, and even through the
reading of the charges he twisted and winced and yelled
that he needed morphine. He pled not guilty to the
charges and was taken back to jail. That same day,
which was November ten, Oliver's parents and brother were buried.
There was so little left of their bodies that only
(06:57):
one casket was used to enter all three of them.
Anna and Oliver's two sons attended the services, and later
that afternoon, Anna and Oliver met and spoke about the
haw property and went the rest of the family dead.
Oliver automatically gained ownership of the house, but Anna begged
him to sign it over to her, and at first
he protested but the request by asking, quote, if I
(07:20):
do that, what will become of me? But then he
finally acquiesced. Haw knew that he might be in very
serious trouble. He was hoping that he could be put
in another asylum rather than prison, as he had a
plan to once again moved to a new occasion, this
time in Indiana, if he could just serve a few
months in an asylum and then get released. When a
fellow inmate at the jail described the behavior of his sister,
(07:43):
who was in an asylum. Haw adopted all those mannerisms
and an effort to make a convincing case. One of
these behaviors didn't laugh long uh at haws appetite was
stronger than his commitment to just not eat as a
fake symptom. And because this case received major newspaper coverage,
in part because Dr Klein gave multiple press statements about
(08:03):
his intent to prove Haw's guilt, people started to question
just about any death that had taken place when Oliver
Hall was near Anna. Haw's mother, Margaret Eckley, in fact,
began to speak openly with suspicion about her husband's sudden
death years earlier, that is if you recall the first
suspicious incident that happened around all of her Hall from
(08:24):
our first episode. Additionally, all that news coverage brought out
all the curious lucky loose to the burned out Haw home.
As we often find in situations like this, many took
home pieces of the rebble as souvenirs, and all the while,
the publicity brought letters pouring into the police department from
people who believed that Hall had killed someone they knew,
and even one from a woman who thought she may
(08:46):
have been married to him, but she wasn't sure unless
she could see a photo. Dr Klein finished his coroner's report. Uh,
and remember how Hall had been given hyocine hydrobro mind
while he was at the dating Asylum for the insane,
and then he ordered a bunch right before this all happened. Uh.
Clients reports stated that the three deceased family members had
an overdose of hyacene. Kleine also told the press that
(09:09):
he believed that Haw had been married a total of
nine times and that four of those wives had been
killed when Hot injected hya scene into their spines. Newspaper
articles compared Hot to other famous serial killers, including former
podcast subject H. Tolmes, and even started to try to
link him to any number of unsolved murders. Some of
(09:30):
the lenks were really outlandish, but others definitely had at
least circumstantial evidence to fuel them. Yeah, basically any serial
killer case that that had been lurking and gone unsolved
in the u S. At the time, people were like,
maybe that's where Oliver Hawa was. When nobody knew where
he was. He really sort of became the devil that
(09:51):
everyone thought had done all of the bad things. And
next up we're gonna discuss the grand jury for the
hawcase as well as the trial. But before we get
into the we're gonna pause and have a word from
a sponsor. Hause case was brought before a grand jury
(10:13):
which found cause to indict him for three accounts of
first degree murder. Just to a quick rundown of how
a grand jury works in the United States justice system,
We're going to give you basics because this becomes really
important during the trial. So, a grand jury is convened
not to determine guilt or innocence, but to determine whether
to bring an indictment, which is a formal charge of
(10:34):
a serious crime. A grand jury is unlike a normal jury.
It doesn't hear the case from both sides. Instead, it
works with the prosecutor to see if there's enough substance
to the case to merit those formal charges. If the
grand jury votes for formal charges, those charges can supersede
the existing charges based on a number of factors, including
additional evidence. It basically answers the question, is there enough
(10:57):
evidence to charge this person? Yeah. It kind of expedites
the trial once you get to it, Yeah, so a
grand jury is not open to the public. Instead of
a case being presented by both sides, the prosecutor explains
the law to the assembled jury members, and then evidence
and testimony is examined and heard to determine the soundness
of moving forward with formal charges. It's normally a slightly
(11:20):
less formal proceeding than an actual trial, and the things
that happen in a grand jury are are confidential. And
we're explaining all this because once oliverur Haw's criminal proceedings began,
a very strange request was issued by his court appointed
legal counsel, a team of two attorneys named Conrad JA.
Mattern and Harry F. Nolan. When Hall appeared in court
(11:42):
on February tenth, nineteen o six, to be formally charged
and plead on these charges, he pled not guilty, and
then his attorney, Mattern, asked if the judge would enable
the defense to read the normally confidential minutes of the
grand jury or have the venographer from the proceedings testify.
This was just as weird as it sounds. It had
(12:03):
never happened before in the state of Ohio, and the
reason that the defense made such an odd request was
that the defendant Haw had refused to discuss the case
with either of his lawyers. They felt that they needed
to see the grand jury information in order to formulate
a defense plan. This request was not meant well. The
(12:23):
prosecution was vehemently against opening the records, and the judge R.
And B. Brown didn't even feel that he had the
power to grant such a request. The request was officially
denied four days later when all involved parties returned to court.
Judge Brown made it clear that it was really Haw's
own problem if he wouldn't help himself by speaking to
his lawyers, and the refusal to speak to counsel on
(12:45):
Haw's part was in his lawyer's opinions and indication of insanity.
Plenty of people believed that it was part of the
doctor's larger plan to appear insane in the hopes that
he might get a shorter sentence of committal to an asylum,
and then others leave that he had simply lost track
of the various versions of the story he had been
telling since they did not all match up, and that
(13:06):
he opted to stay quiet rather than contradict himself even more.
The jury selection process again next on February one, three
fifty men were called for jury selection. At this point,
Ohio law stated that only eligible voters could serve on
a jury, and as passage of the Nineteenth Amendment was
still fourteen years off, no women could serve on jury's
(13:26):
at the time. After the twelve men were selected, they
were taken to the hawf farm to see the scene firsthand.
The burned out remains of the house had really been
picked over by people looking for grizzly souvenirs by then.
On February the following day, the case began in a
courtroom that was packed with spectators. The first portion of
the trial forces focused on the charges as they related
(13:50):
to the death of Haw's mother, Mary Francis Haw. The
primary points made by the prosecution refuted the various versions
of Hawes story as told to neighbors on the night
of the fire and then to Dr Klein later. The
beds in the Hall Home had not appeared to have
been slept in except for one, to anyone who entered
the house, despite Oliver Haw's repeated statement that the family
(14:11):
had all been asleep when the blaze started. Additionally, prosecution
pointed out that the Hall Home was relatively small, it
should have been easy for anyone to escape the fire.
From the back bedroom to the front door was a
span of only about fifteen feet. The bedroom where the
three people had perished had two windows and two doors,
(14:31):
and it was ground level, so for Oliver's brother Jesse
to have been trapped in there was something of a
leap of logic as well. Another key part of the
prosecution's case was the fact that Dr Oliver Haw had
ordered a significant amount of hyaceine just prior to the fire,
and he had, as we mentioned before, purchased a large
amount of oil, and a five gallon oil can was
(14:53):
found nearly empty on the premises after the fire. The
big trail of oil running through the house also part
of the prosecution statement. Yes, okay, they were saying, like
he bought all this oil. Everyone said they saw an
oil fire. The oil can was empty just a couple
of days after he bought it, you know, because it
literally seems like maybe he poured a bunch of oil
(15:13):
out and then set it on fire. Like that seems
like the most obvious explanation for why there would be
a path of oil on fire running through the house.
It does, and there's a whole section of the testimony
that gets super deep into the weeds where people are
talking about what color the burning oil was, because some
of them are certain, like I know what this kind
of oil looks like burning and it's this gets blue,
(15:35):
and others saying no, no, it's yellow and that's what
I saw. So that gets really like I didn't include
that because like really in the weeds. Uh. Mostly it
just startles me that like that's the most obvious way.
Maybe not the most obviously, but what an incredibly obvious
way to burn your own house down. Yes, so literally
(15:57):
lay a trail of oil and set on fire. There
is a whole other element again, it gets in the
weeds with a testimony about whether or not this could
have been caused by a defective chimney that had a
leak of some sort. But even that, uh, and this
could perhaps be my layman's not knowledge of how chimneys work,
But I can't imagine one leaking oil in a clean
(16:18):
eight inch wide trail throughout a home. As you were
saying that, I was like, sure, sure, a defective chimney
that somehow lay a line of eight inch wide oil
across that Now, which lots of people saw because they
were running in and out trying to save the possessions. Anyway,
the defense's case set out to refute all of this
(16:39):
that we've just been talking about and pointed out that
there was no real proof to back up the charge
against top all of the evidence they claimed was circumstantial.
Conrad Mattern turned to the jury during open argument opening
arguments and said, when you knit together this chain of
circumstantial evidence, hang upon the end of it a human life,
and see if it will bear the weight. Witnesses took
(16:59):
the stand. The prosecutors had people on hand, many of
whom had run in and out of the Hall home
trying to save anything of value the night of the blaze,
to testify about the empty oil can, the trail of oil,
and the untouched beds. And then Thomas Farrell took the
stand and testified that Oliver haw had first told him
everyone had gotten out of the house and then admitted
(17:19):
later that he had lied about that. Farrell also revealed
under cross examination that many of the community members had
gotten together at a meeting a few days after the
fire and had their own unofficial trial at which they
found Hot guilty. Yeah, this was made like a big
deal of during the trial that it's like, well, you
already you know, feel how you feel, and there's no
(17:41):
way that anyone in the community can ever see any
other option because you've already determined his guilt. And also
we think you kind of get off on all of
the attention you're getting for being part of this trial,
like that he was the man that knew that Oliver
Hall had lied to and un changed stories and yeah,
well then Detective Frank McBride, testifying on March six, told
(18:05):
the court that he had wanted the remains of the
Haws shown to the jury. He believed that Oliver had
poisoned his family's dinner. Remember when he mentioned that the
dinner needed seasoning, and that they had been alive when
the fire started, perhaps paralyzed or partially paralyzed, but still aware,
which really sets a gruesome, like extra gruesome tone to
(18:26):
the whole thing. And he felt that the body is
being so thoroughly burned. Also indicated that Hall may have
even filled their body cavities with oil in a super
grisly move to be very very thorough. Another key point
in the prosecution's case was the fact that a pocket
watch keys and a locket were found among the remains
of the Haws after the blaze, indicating that they were
(18:48):
not in their sleeping clothes when they died, but in
their day close. Additional points of note during the trial
indicate included a witness from the drug supply company used
by Haw, who was called to speak on the paralyzing
effect of hyocene and did indeed corroborate that it could
paralyze you. Uh. And doctor Haw, who escaped the blaze
(19:11):
and only his underclothes and an overcoat he claimed to
have hastily grabbed while fleeing, managed to put money in
his certificate from the Ohio Board of Medical Examiners in
his pockets. The prosecution pointed out that this suggested some
level of preparation, that he just happened to be able
to grab these two most important things to him while
running out of the house. I'm going to talk about
(19:33):
some additional testimony about how the case finally played out,
but first we will have a very word from the sponsor.
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to call your own. When doctor Klein was called to testify,
it's a huge moment in the courtroom was packed. He
relaid his discussions with Haw in the hospital, working from
(21:20):
the notes of the phenographer who accompanied him the second
time he talked to the accused. During that second interview,
hotshold Kline that while he had been clean for some time,
the night of the fire, he did take morphine and
Bateman strops just before going to bed. When Klein asked
him if he could have murdered his family and not
remembered it, Hall replied, I tell you, when I've taken
(21:41):
morphine and cocaine, my mind gets broke down. There's a
possibility I murdered them and forgot it. It seems very
strange that he'd like, oh, yeah, I was on drugs.
After he had been treated for his burns later and
was like, no, don't give me morphine. I'm off the stuff.
So the prosecution seemed in tent on using the sensational
(22:01):
nature of Haw's background against him. They even called his
second wife, Delia Betters h, though her testimony actually turned
out to be relatively void of the excitement that the
onlookers seemed to be hoping for. UH. Questioning along the
lines of what it had been like to live with
Oliver Haw had been UH objected to and that objection
(22:22):
was sustained, and she was actually the last witness called
by the prosecution. The defensives case focused a lot on
the fact that there was no clear evidence that Ha
had ever taken possession of the Hya scene tablets that
he had ordered. There was witness testimony indicating that his
brother Jesse had picked up the parcel at the post office,
had a doctor examined the package and learning of his contents,
(22:44):
gave it to their father. Yeah, we don't know if
the uh the father ever handed it off to Oliver,
and there was some suspicion that he would not have
knowing what it contained. Additionally, Has lawyers attempted to refute
the prosecution's assertion that it would have been easy to
escape the burning home unless a person had been drugged.
They called witnesses that stated that a person who is
(23:05):
asleep in a burning room, even if they awakened, can
quickly lose consciousness. And they should doubt on the fire
being arson by making the case through expert testimony that
it behaved more like the result of a defective chimney
flew than a purposely set fire. Again, could not ever
explain away that trail of oil that ran through the house.
(23:25):
But the nature of the fire and the smoke color
and the sort of choking black smoke. Uh, they were
using to say, No, this could have been the fireplace
all in all. The trial ran for ten days, during
which fifty four witnesses had been called. The jury was
sent out for deliberations at four thirty pm on the
final day, as arrangements were being made for their dinner.
(23:47):
Around six pm, they were already ready with their verdicts.
They returned to the courtroom shortly before seven pm. Hall
was found guilty of drugging his mother and then dousing
her paralyzed body with kerosene and setting her on fire.
What about everyone else? Uh, they were only trying that
case first, I see, so Oliver has attorneys immediately moved
(24:09):
for a new trial, and Hall was taken back to
prison slouched and shuffling. Allegedly, a guard saw him stand
up normally and smoke a cigarette when he thought he
was out of sight, before returning to his more wilted posture.
The effort for a new trial continued under the reasoning
that a Hall had bought the Higho scene in an
effort to treat his own morphine addiction UH and that
(24:32):
bringing the juries to the crime scene had prejudiced the
jurors against Haw, that calling Delia Betters to the stand
was illegal because one spouse cannot testify against another. When
the new trial motion was overruled by the judge, the
defense entered a letter into evidence from family doctor Otho E.
Francis That's the same one who thought that Haw should
become a doctor in the first place, stating that he
(24:54):
believed Oliver Haw to be mentally unsound. A sanity in
quest was set for ap third six. This is basically
the only chance Hall had at not being executed, And
as this was being prepared for, it came to life
that Anna Ha had filed for divorce from Oliver several
months prior. Yeah. She had actually tried to keep that
(25:15):
very quiet because she just didn't want any additional stuff
around the trial, UH, and there was it had been
delayed several times, and there was actually a piece of
paperwork that was misfiled that caused it to become public knowledge,
which just blew up. She didn't want her kids involved
in any of this um publicity and court battle. And
during the second round of court time UH for the
(25:38):
sanity in quest, various witnesses were called for either side,
each of which gave their own assessments of haus mental state.
Both medical professionals and community members took the stand, and
in the end UH the jury determined that Hall was
sane and he was sentenced to death by electric chair.
Hall was immediately moved to the Ohio Penitentiary at Columbus,
(25:59):
where he was housed in the annex section for prisoners
who were sentenced to death. He had no visits for
family or friends, but did seem to become more social
with the other inmates than he had been with anyone
in a long time and his better days. Oliver Hall
was described as a charmer, but no one had seen
that side of him for quite some time. Oddly enough,
it showed itself in prison, as he jested and chatted
(26:22):
with the other doomed men. Despite continued efforts on the
part of his attorneys to reverse the decision and stay
hawes execution, his time ran out, and right up to
the end, his life was filled with odd happenings. A
blown fuse at the Columbus Public Service, which applied power
to the penitentiary, caused a twenty minute blackout at the prison.
(26:43):
Just before he was to be put to death. Power
was restored and the chair was tested hastily to make
sure it worked, and then hawes life ended. He died
in the electric chair on April nineteenth of nineteen o seven.
A statement from Hall ran in several papers just after
he was ested for the murders of his family. Interestingly enough,
it harkened back to the beginnings of his medical career,
(27:05):
when he claimed to be working on a project that
would be the next step in human evolution, inspired to
some degree by the story of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.
It went quote, they say that I murdered my father,
my mother, and my brother with hya scene for the
sake of money. Then they say that when I have
taken enough of the highest scene, the man within me
(27:25):
disappears and hide is the power. It seems as though
I must do something, destroy something. The only recourse is
to get out in the street, out into the open country,
away from men and women, unless I murder them. It
is possible for me to have killed these people and
know nothing of it. It is possible for me to
have committed all the other murders of which they accused me,
(27:45):
and in my normal condition being ignorance. For in my
normal condition I have another man. All I do know
is that if I die for these crimes, I shall
have at least established the proof of the theory on
which I have always insisted, that two beings, one of
good the other of evil, may exist in the same man.
And in that respect, at least I shall have rendered
(28:06):
a distinct service to posterity. An interesting way to look
at it. Hall was buried at the Mount Cavalry Cemetery
in Columbus, Ohio. His burial was witnessed only by a
reverend and his wife, Anna Haw, and his grave has
no headstone. So for those of you that were wildly
curious about that kid that David McCullum mentioned that turned
(28:29):
out to be a serial killer in his later life,
that's the scoop on Oliver Hall. I'm gonna say again
that I do wish there had been treatment right for
his addictions at the time when he lived, because that
would have saved lives. Undoubtedly, do you have listener mail
that's maybe not so. My listener mail is not gloomy
(28:50):
at all, Lovely. It's two different pieces of listener mail,
both about our episode on the Piata. The first is
from our listener Catherine. She said, So, I was listening
to your podcast on the Piata recently, and at one
point you mentioned Michaelangelo looking for the perfect piece of
marble for his sculpture, which reminded me of a thing
I learned in Latin class from years before. Fun fact,
(29:11):
dating back to at least Romans, marble dealers used to
try and sell people damaged pieces of marble by filling
in gaps or cracks with wax and thus disguising the
problems since it would blend with the natural pattern of
said marble marble. All of this is how we got
the words sincere, since the Latin sen sire means without wax,
while it generally referred to cups and smaller things like that,
(29:33):
I think it is something artists would have to be
concerned with as well. And while this is not really
relevant to the podcast on the Pieta, I hope I
have amused you with this fun little piece of info. Indeed,
I love stuff like that, a little bit of trivia.
My second one is a postcard from two listeners. I
hope I pronounced her name correctly. It's Asha and Regina
or perhaps Asha and Regina, and it says, dear Holly
(29:55):
and Tracy. My best friend and I are traveling through
Italy on a college rake and both of us listen
to your podcast religiously. After listening to a brief history
of the Pieta, we were very excited to see the
Pieta in Rome. Today. We finally did and it was
as beautiful as you said. Love from Roma, uh and
she h. The two girls sent us a postcard that
(30:16):
they bought at the Vatican, which is an absolutely beautiful
photograph of the Piata. It's lovely. I love it, uh.
So that is always cool. I love when people get
excited about art and art history. So if you would
like to write to us, you can. You can do
so at History Podcast at house to Works dot com,
where at Facebook dot com slash missed in History on
(30:36):
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and on Instagram at missed in history and sure that's
a shocker. It's all at mist in history. If you
would like to research a little bit more about what
we talked about today, you can go to our parents
site house to works. Even the word executions in the
(30:56):
search bar and you'll get a variety of content about
different type of execution and people that have been executed, etcetera.
If you'd like to visit us, you can do so
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(31:17):
We hope you visit us at misson history dot com
and how stuff Works dot com for more on this
and thousands of other topics because it how stuff works
dot com
Welcome to Stuff you missed in history class from how
Stuff Works dot Com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast.
I am Holly Frying and I'm Tracy V. Wilson. Sometimes
I want to just put them the weird in and
make it people suit and Sam Holly V. Wilson. I
really as you were as you were introducing yourself, I mean,
(00:24):
well inside baseball knowledge here. This is the fourth episode
we have recorded this session, and I really almost said
your name. Yeah, sometimes it happened of my own name.
I'll just go buy a fun pseudonym. Uh. We are
doing today the second part of our Oliver Sea Haw
two parter, and in the first installment of this we
(00:47):
talked about his medical background and his drifting and his
drug addiction and his multiple wives and poor doctor work. Uh.
And we did that episode just after Haw's parents and
brothers died in a fire at their home that only
he survived, and that was a little weird. Uh. And
(01:08):
so today we are picking up with the investigation of
the fire basically right after it's over. And if if
you have missed part one for some reason, this is
the guy that, uh, the hit will be right in
the mouth of the hockey stick, you know when they
were kids. Yeah, when we did that episode. So just
in case you missed part one and are not going
back to listen to it now, although this will not
(01:30):
make as much sense without it, No, so we're picking
up the horror residences burned down under circumstances that were
extremely suspicious. Dr Walter L. Klein was the county coroner
at the time of this fire at the Hall residence,
and immediately upon seeing the remains, he found the details
of the case to be really surprising. It appeared that
(01:52):
all three of the bodies, Samuel Jacob Haw, Mary Francis
Metz Haw, and Jesse Lincoln Hall, had all been clumped
closely together, which seemed quite odd. There was also very
little left of them, as their bodies had been consumed
in the fire and only the bones really were remaining.
And Klein questioned Haw in the hospital, just too prompt
(02:15):
your memory. Haw had been taken to the hospital for
some burns on his leg, and Klein asked him to
go over the events of the night of the fire,
and Haw told him that the family had had dinner
on Sunday evening as usual, that the meal had needed seasoning,
and that he had helped his mother with the dishes
and gone to bed early at seven pm. He did
not know when the rest of his family went to bed.
(02:37):
He said he awoke to the smell of smoke and
woke up his brother. Oliver and Jesse shared a room
and if they tried to call to their parents to
rouse them, but they heard nothing and they saw nothing
because of a thick cloud of smoke in the room.
They also didn't feel for their parents in the smoke
filled room, like feeling on their bed. Has said that
the smoke was getting to him, so he ran out
(02:59):
the door for a few breaths of fresh air, and
by the time he turned back into the house, Jesse
was trapped. Oliver said he yelled for help and then
tried to pump water to put out the fire until
the burns on his leg wound up, hobbling him. The
stories Klein heard from the neighbors when he visited the
home later that same day were generally unkind. When it
(03:21):
came to Oliver, Klein once again returned to the hospital.
This time he took additional witnesses to observe this interview
and a stenographer to take notes, and Haw told his
story again. Klein's next step was to ask that the
meager remains of the deceased Haws beheld and not buried
as scheduled the following The following day, he wanted to
(03:41):
examine them. Then he made a press announcement that he
had intended to arrest Dr Oliver Haw on a triple
charge of first degree murder, and when Hall was taken
into police custody that very afternoon, Klein also met with
his doctors at the hospital, who had come to the
conclusion that because of the placement of the burn on
Haw's right leg, they felt that the wounds were self inflicted,
(04:04):
and at that point Hall was discharged from the hospital
and brought to jail. Once he was arrested for the
murder of his family, it seemed like Hall lost interest
and staying sober. He started screaming and demanding morphine in
his jail cell, and the jail physician, which incidentally was
a job that Hall himself had applied for not long
before this incident, administered him small doses in an effort
(04:26):
to keep him quiet, although it really didn't do much. Yeah,
there's one account where the the jail physician is telling
him like I can only go up to this amount,
and that's kind of dangerous, and Haws like I do
way more than that all the time, even though he
had for a while it appeared, been sober and off
of drugs. But as news spread of hobbying in custody
(04:49):
under suspicion of murder, people began coming forward to talk
about their knowledge of his previous nefarious doings. Among them
was Dr Samuel Herman, the brother of Jenny Huey, to
whom Oliver had confessed to several murders and the plan
to kill his brother. This is actually something Herman had
some conflict about. He wanted to help the case in
(05:10):
any way that he could, but he was worried that
if he revealed that his sister had been a drug
addict and that he had any connection at all to
Oliver Haw, his own reputation as a respected doctor could
suffer for it. Dr Klein tried to keep Herman's statement confidential,
but it got leaked to the press anyway. I never
found out if he had much fallout from that one
(05:31):
way or the other, if his fears were were legit,
or if people continued to respect him, or presumably who
leaked that yeah. Uh. For his part, Klein took the
case very seriously and it became something of a mission
for him. He not only intended to prove that Oliver
Haw had murdered his own family, but that he had
(05:51):
killed many others as well. As a prisoner, Oliver was
unsurprisingly quite difficult when the time came for him to
be moved from the jail to appear before a Justice
of the Piece to be formally charged. He claimed that
the burns on his leg rendered him unable to walk
without crutches, even though the wounds themselves had been deemed
to be very minor by medical professionals. Just the same,
(06:13):
an effort was made to find him crutches. Rather than
argue with him about it, he made additional requests like
a glass of milk and a bucket of water to
soak his leg. Yeah, he really was trying to slow
down that whole process, and while Haw could not stave
off the inevitable forever, when he finally was moved, he
made a very dramatic scene of it. He walked with
a pronounced hobble on his crutches, even though he had
(06:36):
been pacing in his cell just fine in previous days.
There was much groaning and moaning, and even through the
reading of the charges he twisted and winced and yelled
that he needed morphine. He pled not guilty to the
charges and was taken back to jail. That same day,
which was November ten, Oliver's parents and brother were buried.
There was so little left of their bodies that only
(06:57):
one casket was used to enter all three of them.
Anna and Oliver's two sons attended the services, and later
that afternoon, Anna and Oliver met and spoke about the
haw property and went the rest of the family dead.
Oliver automatically gained ownership of the house, but Anna begged
him to sign it over to her, and at first
he protested but the request by asking, quote, if I
(07:20):
do that, what will become of me? But then he
finally acquiesced. Haw knew that he might be in very
serious trouble. He was hoping that he could be put
in another asylum rather than prison, as he had a
plan to once again moved to a new occasion, this
time in Indiana, if he could just serve a few
months in an asylum and then get released. When a
fellow inmate at the jail described the behavior of his sister,
(07:43):
who was in an asylum. Haw adopted all those mannerisms
and an effort to make a convincing case. One of
these behaviors didn't laugh long uh at haws appetite was
stronger than his commitment to just not eat as a
fake symptom. And because this case received major newspaper coverage,
in part because Dr Klein gave multiple press statements about
(08:03):
his intent to prove Haw's guilt, people started to question
just about any death that had taken place when Oliver
Hall was near Anna. Haw's mother, Margaret Eckley, in fact,
began to speak openly with suspicion about her husband's sudden
death years earlier, that is if you recall the first
suspicious incident that happened around all of her Hall from
(08:24):
our first episode. Additionally, all that news coverage brought out
all the curious lucky loose to the burned out Haw home.
As we often find in situations like this, many took
home pieces of the rebble as souvenirs, and all the while,
the publicity brought letters pouring into the police department from
people who believed that Hall had killed someone they knew,
and even one from a woman who thought she may
(08:46):
have been married to him, but she wasn't sure unless
she could see a photo. Dr Klein finished his coroner's report. Uh,
and remember how Hall had been given hyocine hydrobro mind
while he was at the dating Asylum for the insane,
and then he ordered a bunch right before this all happened. Uh.
Clients reports stated that the three deceased family members had
an overdose of hyacene. Kleine also told the press that
(09:09):
he believed that Haw had been married a total of
nine times and that four of those wives had been
killed when Hot injected hya scene into their spines. Newspaper
articles compared Hot to other famous serial killers, including former
podcast subject H. Tolmes, and even started to try to
link him to any number of unsolved murders. Some of
(09:30):
the lenks were really outlandish, but others definitely had at
least circumstantial evidence to fuel them. Yeah, basically any serial
killer case that that had been lurking and gone unsolved
in the u S. At the time, people were like,
maybe that's where Oliver Hawa was. When nobody knew where
he was. He really sort of became the devil that
(09:51):
everyone thought had done all of the bad things. And
next up we're gonna discuss the grand jury for the
hawcase as well as the trial. But before we get
into the we're gonna pause and have a word from
a sponsor. Hause case was brought before a grand jury
(10:13):
which found cause to indict him for three accounts of
first degree murder. Just to a quick rundown of how
a grand jury works in the United States justice system,
We're going to give you basics because this becomes really
important during the trial. So, a grand jury is convened
not to determine guilt or innocence, but to determine whether
to bring an indictment, which is a formal charge of
(10:34):
a serious crime. A grand jury is unlike a normal jury.
It doesn't hear the case from both sides. Instead, it
works with the prosecutor to see if there's enough substance
to the case to merit those formal charges. If the
grand jury votes for formal charges, those charges can supersede
the existing charges based on a number of factors, including
additional evidence. It basically answers the question, is there enough
(10:57):
evidence to charge this person? Yeah. It kind of expedites
the trial once you get to it, Yeah, so a
grand jury is not open to the public. Instead of
a case being presented by both sides, the prosecutor explains
the law to the assembled jury members, and then evidence
and testimony is examined and heard to determine the soundness
of moving forward with formal charges. It's normally a slightly
(11:20):
less formal proceeding than an actual trial, and the things
that happen in a grand jury are are confidential. And
we're explaining all this because once oliverur Haw's criminal proceedings began,
a very strange request was issued by his court appointed
legal counsel, a team of two attorneys named Conrad JA.
Mattern and Harry F. Nolan. When Hall appeared in court
(11:42):
on February tenth, nineteen o six, to be formally charged
and plead on these charges, he pled not guilty, and
then his attorney, Mattern, asked if the judge would enable
the defense to read the normally confidential minutes of the
grand jury or have the venographer from the proceedings testify.
This was just as weird as it sounds. It had
(12:03):
never happened before in the state of Ohio, and the
reason that the defense made such an odd request was
that the defendant Haw had refused to discuss the case
with either of his lawyers. They felt that they needed
to see the grand jury information in order to formulate
a defense plan. This request was not meant well. The
(12:23):
prosecution was vehemently against opening the records, and the judge R.
And B. Brown didn't even feel that he had the
power to grant such a request. The request was officially
denied four days later when all involved parties returned to court.
Judge Brown made it clear that it was really Haw's
own problem if he wouldn't help himself by speaking to
his lawyers, and the refusal to speak to counsel on
(12:45):
Haw's part was in his lawyer's opinions and indication of insanity.
Plenty of people believed that it was part of the
doctor's larger plan to appear insane in the hopes that
he might get a shorter sentence of committal to an asylum,
and then others leave that he had simply lost track
of the various versions of the story he had been
telling since they did not all match up, and that
(13:06):
he opted to stay quiet rather than contradict himself even more.
The jury selection process again next on February one, three
fifty men were called for jury selection. At this point,
Ohio law stated that only eligible voters could serve on
a jury, and as passage of the Nineteenth Amendment was
still fourteen years off, no women could serve on jury's
(13:26):
at the time. After the twelve men were selected, they
were taken to the hawf farm to see the scene firsthand.
The burned out remains of the house had really been
picked over by people looking for grizzly souvenirs by then.
On February the following day, the case began in a
courtroom that was packed with spectators. The first portion of
the trial forces focused on the charges as they related
(13:50):
to the death of Haw's mother, Mary Francis Haw. The
primary points made by the prosecution refuted the various versions
of Hawes story as told to neighbors on the night
of the fire and then to Dr Klein later. The
beds in the Hall Home had not appeared to have
been slept in except for one, to anyone who entered
the house, despite Oliver Haw's repeated statement that the family
(14:11):
had all been asleep when the blaze started. Additionally, prosecution
pointed out that the Hall Home was relatively small, it
should have been easy for anyone to escape the fire.
From the back bedroom to the front door was a
span of only about fifteen feet. The bedroom where the
three people had perished had two windows and two doors,
(14:31):
and it was ground level, so for Oliver's brother Jesse
to have been trapped in there was something of a
leap of logic as well. Another key part of the
prosecution's case was the fact that Dr Oliver Haw had
ordered a significant amount of hyaceine just prior to the fire,
and he had, as we mentioned before, purchased a large
amount of oil, and a five gallon oil can was
(14:53):
found nearly empty on the premises after the fire. The
big trail of oil running through the house also part
of the prosecution statement. Yes, okay, they were saying, like
he bought all this oil. Everyone said they saw an
oil fire. The oil can was empty just a couple
of days after he bought it, you know, because it
literally seems like maybe he poured a bunch of oil
(15:13):
out and then set it on fire. Like that seems
like the most obvious explanation for why there would be
a path of oil on fire running through the house.
It does, and there's a whole section of the testimony
that gets super deep into the weeds where people are
talking about what color the burning oil was, because some
of them are certain, like I know what this kind
of oil looks like burning and it's this gets blue,
(15:35):
and others saying no, no, it's yellow and that's what
I saw. So that gets really like I didn't include
that because like really in the weeds. Uh. Mostly it
just startles me that like that's the most obvious way.
Maybe not the most obviously, but what an incredibly obvious
way to burn your own house down. Yes, so literally
(15:57):
lay a trail of oil and set on fire. There
is a whole other element again, it gets in the
weeds with a testimony about whether or not this could
have been caused by a defective chimney that had a
leak of some sort. But even that, uh, and this
could perhaps be my layman's not knowledge of how chimneys work,
But I can't imagine one leaking oil in a clean
(16:18):
eight inch wide trail throughout a home. As you were
saying that, I was like, sure, sure, a defective chimney
that somehow lay a line of eight inch wide oil
across that Now, which lots of people saw because they
were running in and out trying to save the possessions. Anyway,
the defense's case set out to refute all of this
(16:39):
that we've just been talking about and pointed out that
there was no real proof to back up the charge
against top all of the evidence they claimed was circumstantial.
Conrad Mattern turned to the jury during open argument opening
arguments and said, when you knit together this chain of
circumstantial evidence, hang upon the end of it a human life,
and see if it will bear the weight. Witnesses took
(16:59):
the stand. The prosecutors had people on hand, many of
whom had run in and out of the Hall home
trying to save anything of value the night of the blaze,
to testify about the empty oil can, the trail of oil,
and the untouched beds. And then Thomas Farrell took the
stand and testified that Oliver haw had first told him
everyone had gotten out of the house and then admitted
(17:19):
later that he had lied about that. Farrell also revealed
under cross examination that many of the community members had
gotten together at a meeting a few days after the
fire and had their own unofficial trial at which they
found Hot guilty. Yeah, this was made like a big
deal of during the trial that it's like, well, you
already you know, feel how you feel, and there's no
(17:41):
way that anyone in the community can ever see any
other option because you've already determined his guilt. And also
we think you kind of get off on all of
the attention you're getting for being part of this trial,
like that he was the man that knew that Oliver
Hall had lied to and un changed stories and yeah,
well then Detective Frank McBride, testifying on March six, told
(18:05):
the court that he had wanted the remains of the
Haws shown to the jury. He believed that Oliver had
poisoned his family's dinner. Remember when he mentioned that the
dinner needed seasoning, and that they had been alive when
the fire started, perhaps paralyzed or partially paralyzed, but still aware,
which really sets a gruesome, like extra gruesome tone to
(18:26):
the whole thing. And he felt that the body is
being so thoroughly burned. Also indicated that Hall may have
even filled their body cavities with oil in a super
grisly move to be very very thorough. Another key point
in the prosecution's case was the fact that a pocket
watch keys and a locket were found among the remains
of the Haws after the blaze, indicating that they were
(18:48):
not in their sleeping clothes when they died, but in
their day close. Additional points of note during the trial
indicate included a witness from the drug supply company used
by Haw, who was called to speak on the paralyzing
effect of hyocene and did indeed corroborate that it could
paralyze you. Uh. And doctor Haw, who escaped the blaze
(19:11):
and only his underclothes and an overcoat he claimed to
have hastily grabbed while fleeing, managed to put money in
his certificate from the Ohio Board of Medical Examiners in
his pockets. The prosecution pointed out that this suggested some
level of preparation, that he just happened to be able
to grab these two most important things to him while
running out of the house. I'm going to talk about
(19:33):
some additional testimony about how the case finally played out,
but first we will have a very word from the sponsor.
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to call your own. When doctor Klein was called to testify,
it's a huge moment in the courtroom was packed. He
relaid his discussions with Haw in the hospital, working from
(21:20):
the notes of the phenographer who accompanied him the second
time he talked to the accused. During that second interview,
hotshold Kline that while he had been clean for some time,
the night of the fire, he did take morphine and
Bateman strops just before going to bed. When Klein asked
him if he could have murdered his family and not
remembered it, Hall replied, I tell you, when I've taken
(21:41):
morphine and cocaine, my mind gets broke down. There's a
possibility I murdered them and forgot it. It seems very
strange that he'd like, oh, yeah, I was on drugs.
After he had been treated for his burns later and
was like, no, don't give me morphine. I'm off the stuff.
So the prosecution seemed in tent on using the sensational
(22:01):
nature of Haw's background against him. They even called his
second wife, Delia Betters h, though her testimony actually turned
out to be relatively void of the excitement that the
onlookers seemed to be hoping for. UH. Questioning along the
lines of what it had been like to live with
Oliver Haw had been UH objected to and that objection
(22:22):
was sustained, and she was actually the last witness called
by the prosecution. The defensives case focused a lot on
the fact that there was no clear evidence that Ha
had ever taken possession of the Hya scene tablets that
he had ordered. There was witness testimony indicating that his
brother Jesse had picked up the parcel at the post office,
had a doctor examined the package and learning of his contents,
(22:44):
gave it to their father. Yeah, we don't know if
the uh the father ever handed it off to Oliver,
and there was some suspicion that he would not have
knowing what it contained. Additionally, Has lawyers attempted to refute
the prosecution's assertion that it would have been easy to
escape the burning home unless a person had been drugged.
They called witnesses that stated that a person who is
(23:05):
asleep in a burning room, even if they awakened, can
quickly lose consciousness. And they should doubt on the fire
being arson by making the case through expert testimony that
it behaved more like the result of a defective chimney
flew than a purposely set fire. Again, could not ever
explain away that trail of oil that ran through the house.
(23:25):
But the nature of the fire and the smoke color
and the sort of choking black smoke. Uh, they were
using to say, No, this could have been the fireplace
all in all. The trial ran for ten days, during
which fifty four witnesses had been called. The jury was
sent out for deliberations at four thirty pm on the
final day, as arrangements were being made for their dinner.
(23:47):
Around six pm, they were already ready with their verdicts.
They returned to the courtroom shortly before seven pm. Hall
was found guilty of drugging his mother and then dousing
her paralyzed body with kerosene and setting her on fire.
What about everyone else? Uh, they were only trying that
case first, I see, so Oliver has attorneys immediately moved
(24:09):
for a new trial, and Hall was taken back to
prison slouched and shuffling. Allegedly, a guard saw him stand
up normally and smoke a cigarette when he thought he
was out of sight, before returning to his more wilted posture.
The effort for a new trial continued under the reasoning
that a Hall had bought the Higho scene in an
effort to treat his own morphine addiction UH and that
(24:32):
bringing the juries to the crime scene had prejudiced the
jurors against Haw, that calling Delia Betters to the stand
was illegal because one spouse cannot testify against another. When
the new trial motion was overruled by the judge, the
defense entered a letter into evidence from family doctor Otho E.
Francis That's the same one who thought that Haw should
become a doctor in the first place, stating that he
(24:54):
believed Oliver Haw to be mentally unsound. A sanity in
quest was set for ap third six. This is basically
the only chance Hall had at not being executed, And
as this was being prepared for, it came to life
that Anna Ha had filed for divorce from Oliver several
months prior. Yeah. She had actually tried to keep that
(25:15):
very quiet because she just didn't want any additional stuff
around the trial, UH, and there was it had been
delayed several times, and there was actually a piece of
paperwork that was misfiled that caused it to become public knowledge,
which just blew up. She didn't want her kids involved
in any of this um publicity and court battle. And
during the second round of court time UH for the
(25:38):
sanity in quest, various witnesses were called for either side,
each of which gave their own assessments of haus mental state.
Both medical professionals and community members took the stand, and
in the end UH the jury determined that Hall was
sane and he was sentenced to death by electric chair.
Hall was immediately moved to the Ohio Penitentiary at Columbus,
(25:59):
where he was housed in the annex section for prisoners
who were sentenced to death. He had no visits for
family or friends, but did seem to become more social
with the other inmates than he had been with anyone
in a long time and his better days. Oliver Hall
was described as a charmer, but no one had seen
that side of him for quite some time. Oddly enough,
it showed itself in prison, as he jested and chatted
(26:22):
with the other doomed men. Despite continued efforts on the
part of his attorneys to reverse the decision and stay
hawes execution, his time ran out, and right up to
the end, his life was filled with odd happenings. A
blown fuse at the Columbus Public Service, which applied power
to the penitentiary, caused a twenty minute blackout at the prison.
(26:43):
Just before he was to be put to death. Power
was restored and the chair was tested hastily to make
sure it worked, and then hawes life ended. He died
in the electric chair on April nineteenth of nineteen o seven.
A statement from Hall ran in several papers just after
he was ested for the murders of his family. Interestingly enough,
it harkened back to the beginnings of his medical career,
(27:05):
when he claimed to be working on a project that
would be the next step in human evolution, inspired to
some degree by the story of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.
It went quote, they say that I murdered my father,
my mother, and my brother with hya scene for the
sake of money. Then they say that when I have
taken enough of the highest scene, the man within me
(27:25):
disappears and hide is the power. It seems as though
I must do something, destroy something. The only recourse is
to get out in the street, out into the open country,
away from men and women, unless I murder them. It
is possible for me to have killed these people and
know nothing of it. It is possible for me to
have committed all the other murders of which they accused me,
(27:45):
and in my normal condition being ignorance. For in my
normal condition I have another man. All I do know
is that if I die for these crimes, I shall
have at least established the proof of the theory on
which I have always insisted, that two beings, one of
good the other of evil, may exist in the same man.
And in that respect, at least I shall have rendered
(28:06):
a distinct service to posterity. An interesting way to look
at it. Hall was buried at the Mount Cavalry Cemetery
in Columbus, Ohio. His burial was witnessed only by a
reverend and his wife, Anna Haw, and his grave has
no headstone. So for those of you that were wildly
curious about that kid that David McCullum mentioned that turned
(28:29):
out to be a serial killer in his later life,
that's the scoop on Oliver Hall. I'm gonna say again
that I do wish there had been treatment right for
his addictions at the time when he lived, because that
would have saved lives. Undoubtedly, do you have listener mail
that's maybe not so. My listener mail is not gloomy
(28:50):
at all, Lovely. It's two different pieces of listener mail,
both about our episode on the Piata. The first is
from our listener Catherine. She said, So, I was listening
to your podcast on the Piata recently, and at one
point you mentioned Michaelangelo looking for the perfect piece of
marble for his sculpture, which reminded me of a thing
I learned in Latin class from years before. Fun fact,
(29:11):
dating back to at least Romans, marble dealers used to
try and sell people damaged pieces of marble by filling
in gaps or cracks with wax and thus disguising the
problems since it would blend with the natural pattern of
said marble marble. All of this is how we got
the words sincere, since the Latin sen sire means without wax,
while it generally referred to cups and smaller things like that,
(29:33):
I think it is something artists would have to be
concerned with as well. And while this is not really
relevant to the podcast on the Pieta, I hope I
have amused you with this fun little piece of info. Indeed,
I love stuff like that, a little bit of trivia.
My second one is a postcard from two listeners. I
hope I pronounced her name correctly. It's Asha and Regina
or perhaps Asha and Regina, and it says, dear Holly
(29:55):
and Tracy. My best friend and I are traveling through
Italy on a college rake and both of us listen
to your podcast religiously. After listening to a brief history
of the Pieta, we were very excited to see the
Pieta in Rome. Today. We finally did and it was
as beautiful as you said. Love from Roma, uh and
she h. The two girls sent us a postcard that
(30:16):
they bought at the Vatican, which is an absolutely beautiful
photograph of the Piata. It's lovely. I love it, uh.
So that is always cool. I love when people get
excited about art and art history. So if you would
like to write to us, you can. You can do
so at History Podcast at house to Works dot com,
where at Facebook dot com slash missed in History on
(30:36):
Twitter at misst in History, at pinterest dot com, slash
misst in history, at missed in History dot tumbler dot com,
and on Instagram at missed in history and sure that's
a shocker. It's all at mist in history. If you
would like to research a little bit more about what
we talked about today, you can go to our parents
site house to works. Even the word executions in the
(30:56):
search bar and you'll get a variety of content about
different type of execution and people that have been executed, etcetera.
If you'd like to visit us, you can do so
it missed in the History dot com, or we have
an archive of every single episode of this show ever,
of all time, and show notes for every single episode
that have featured me and Tracy and occasionally some other goodies.
(31:17):
We hope you visit us at misson history dot com
and how stuff Works dot com for more on this
and thousands of other topics because it how stuff works
dot com
Stuff You Missed in History Class News
Hosts And Creators
Holly Frey
Tracy Wilson
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