SYSK Selects: How Yo-Yos Work

You may have played with a yo-yo before -- perhaps you've even walked the dog -- but do you know about the physics behind what makes a yo-yo sleep and wake up? Learn all about inertia, angular momentum and the history of the yo-yo in this episode of SYSK.

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Episode Transcript

Speaker 1 (00:00):
M Hey there everybody, it's your old friend Josh And
for this week's s y s k Seles, I've chosen
the episode on Yo Yo's, which is great. It's like
a trip around the world on the end of a
string that draws you right back home at the end,
which makes it great. So please enjoy. Welcome to Stuff

(00:24):
you should know from House Stuff Works dot com. Hey,
welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Carr. There's Charles W.
Chuck Bryant. That's me, same as ever, scratching the old back. Yeah,
just got a little itch there. You ever use one

(00:44):
of those little dealies, the little creepy hand, the little
monkey pok on the end of the stick I have before. Um,
I don't like to do that. It hurts. Yeah, I
guess you could call it. It's a painful sensation. I
get up against the wall sometimes and do the blue
the bear. That'll do sometimes too, But it's weird, like
I only have backaches in about the same place, and

(01:07):
that would be on my left shoulder blade on the
western side of it, depending on which direction I'm facing. Curiously,
this is going to be the most interesting part of
this show that is not a treat Chuck Man, So Chuck, Yes,
this is going to be a great one. Okay. I
have a feeling this canna be one of those ones
where it's like, wow, that turned out to be really good.

(01:27):
It's physics heavy out the Yeah, everyone loves that. But
the fact is, when we finished this, you're gonna know
how yo yo works. This is probably the most truly titled,
truest titled episode well we've ever done. Do you think yep?
I don't know. All right, well we'll find out. I
think it should be called Physics through the Eye of

(01:48):
a yo yo. So listen, have you ever seen the
movie Harlem Nights? Uh parts dude? That is go back
and watch it again, like, oh, you're crazy. It's one
of the best movies ever. Eddie Murphy, Red Fox, Richard Pryor,
and like everybody else in it too. I think Bernie
Max in there terrible script. I don't think the script

(02:10):
is terrible. I thought it was great. Um. There's one
thing about that movie that bugged me to know it.
It's setting like the twenties, right, and throughout the movie,
Eddie Murphy uses the word yo yo was obviously a
modern term, and it just sticks out like a sore thumb.
Every time he does it drives me crazy, Like it
drives me crazy that he did. It drives me crazy

(02:30):
that the director wasn't like, you can't say yo. This
is like nineteen twenties New York. Yo wasn't around. I
don't know that they were going for a historical accuracy
in that one. They were wearing spats, so um Jerry
like that one. So I went back to the little
digging Chuck and it turns out that yo was in
fact around in the nineteen twenties. But Eddie Murphy was

(02:51):
still wrong for using it in that capacity. Okay, so
um Yo goes back at least to like the fifteenth
century as like a hunting cry, right when somebody was
like somebody else might go yo, and you go chase
fox um. That was kind of the first wave of
yo um. As far back as eighteen fifty nine, we

(03:14):
know that there were sailors that were using it yo
ho Yo Ho ho, or also um. It was a
response for roll call like yo, like somebody called your name,
you would say yo. It wasn't until after World War Two, though,
that the modern incarnation comes and it came out of

(03:35):
the Italian quarters of Philadelphia, So that's where they think
yo came from after World War Two. Hence Eddie Murphy
was wrong in using yo especially frequently in the movie
Harlem Nights. So I did all that research, or I
could have just looked into Google Translate from English too uh,

(03:59):
Filippine uh, or vice versa and find that it just
means come. Yeah, but I don't think that's what it
means here, does it? It does now? So the word
yo yo, as it stands right means come, come or
come back. Yeah, that makes sense. Did you know that
I did? You want to talk a little bit about
the history of yo yos? Did you know before reading

(04:21):
this fantastic article that yo yo's originated, as we understand
them now, originated in the Philippines in the nineteen twenties.
I didn't know that. I did know that it was
around for a long time before that, though, And you know,
other forms, well, pretty much the same form. There were
like two forms of yo yo's in history, and one

(04:42):
came out of the new one came out of the Philippines.
The other one. Yeah, it's pretty old, well, ancient Chinese
or at least ancient Greeks more years ago. But they
think the Chinese had something similar to that. Yeah, I'm
starting to strongly suspect that the Chinese or the origin
of human civili They think, yeah, they came up with beer. Yeah,

(05:03):
well they came up with beer. You have it. They
went right there. Uh. And it is the oldest toy
on the planet except the doll, the dolly. I thought
that was pretty interesting too. Yeah, yeah, of course, although
I wonder if they're kind of diminishing any kind of
ancient rituals or rights by saying, like, look at this
cute doll when really it's you know, some sort of
fetish m hmm. I don't know. You never know. So

(05:26):
it's been around a long time. They've designed it in
different ways over the years. Uh. The original design was
had the the string tied tight to the little axis there.
We'll call it the Greek design, the Greek design. Now
we'll call it the Chinese design or the European design. Well,
not designed, but it was popular in Europe. And that obviously,

(05:48):
if if you ever used an old yo yo like that,
or redesign yours to where it's tied around the axle,
it'll pop up, you know, as soon as you throw
it down, it'll pop back up. Yeah, because it's tied
to the axle. Exactly right. Um, and you said it
was popular in Europe. There were other words for other
names for the yo yo before it was a yo yo.
That's right. There was the lemigrette, the bendalora. The bendalora

(06:13):
was British, I believe the quiz. Yeah, I don't. I
didn't get a country of origin for that, but it
was very popular in Europe. There's a painting of I
think Louis is he the boy King? I don't know
whichever Louis was the boy King of him holding like
a yo yo, like a royal painting of him with
a yo yo? Or the what was a little hoop
on in a stick? I think that's what it was called.

(06:35):
That was an awesome game, the hoop on a stick?
Who uh? And then, um, I don't think you can
compare the yo yo to the hoop on a stick. No,
I'm not comparing. I'm just saying I just never got
that toy. Oh okay, Well here's another one for you.
Napoleon was well known for carrying and using a yo yo,
apparently for stress relief. Oh yeah, it didn't work too well.

(06:58):
He was a stressed out dude. He needed the yo yo.
But as as you said that, that's the the European
favored or Chinese design, where like the strings tied really
tight to the axel and it just basically goes up
and down. Right, So the Filipino design lead to the
modern yo yo as we understand it now. And the
huge distinction is that the the string is just looped

(07:21):
around the axle kind of loosely, which has the added
benefit of allowing the yo yo itself to spin once
it reaches the end of the string. Sleep. That's what
the that's why people yo yo, I think, Yeah, it's
all about the tricks. I mean, it's sort of fun
for a minute just to go up and down, but
it's really all about the tricks. It's just a stress

(07:42):
reliever if it just goes up and down. Did you
yo yo when you were a kid? Uh? Yeah? Here there.
But even as a kid like I could sense that
like these these new modern ones that we'll talk about
with like ball bearings and clutches, they just seem like cheating.
I agree, let's not even talk about them. It's not
even a real yo yo. So Chuck, you want to
talk about a little bit about physics. Well, let's finish

(08:03):
the history for shall we. Okay, well, I have plenty
of that. Uh. It was originally in the Philippines. They
think it was a hunting weapon for like four years so,
but not like a little tiny yo yo. They were
really big and it was basically a big spindle attached
to a rope with like spikes coming off of it.
They were like the size of a ugo. Yeah, and
I guess the just the benefit there is you could

(08:26):
get it back after you threw it at somebody. Right.
The stream was almost just useless though, Well you just
throw it and run after it. Oh really okay, it
was actually heavy rope and they use it for hunting
to right. Well, at some point down the line, well yeah,
you would think anything used in hunting, you know, does
double duty and more exactly anything you're trying to kill. Yeah. Um.

(08:51):
The At some point though, they became smaller and became
toys and uh. In the twenties, a Filipino immigrant to
the US named and Drew flores Um started a company,
the first modern yoyo company in the United States, and
did pretty well for himself. Uh. And then sold out
to a man named Duncan, Right, Donald Duncan, Yes, Donald Ducan,

(09:15):
and uh Duncan Duncan and uh, you know Flores's in
Santa Barbara and like you said, was selling these things
like hotcakes enough that Duncan said, hey, let me buy that.
I'm gonna keep the name yo yo because it's catchy.
I'm gonna trade market and now I own it. And uh.
Through the years he had competitors that made similar devices

(09:36):
with different names, and they were like, dude, everyone's calling
the sing of yo yo. We want to be able
to call it a yo yo two. And he said, no, no,
I own it. Then the federal courts in Nive says,
you know what, that's generic enough now where you don't
own it any longer. They're all yo yo's. Well, what
there's legal challenges to their trademark. The name yo yo

(09:57):
um was one of the things that bled the company dry.
It eventually went bankrupt. Duncan, the Duncan company went bankrupt
in the same year. They ruled yeah against them. They
were like, well, that's it for us, But they also
had other money troubles. They was they were actually victims
of their own success the Duncan company was, so they
moved um in the forties to luck Wisconsin, which very

(10:17):
quickly became known as the yo yo capital of the world.
And at their peak they were making thirty six hundred
yoyos an hour, mostly out of would at first maple
they were using a million board feet of maple wood
every year. Yeah. And they actually, in addition to their
legal challenges like the money going to fight their legal battles, um,

(10:40):
they were paying tons of money in overtime to advertising. UM.
And as a matter of fact, I think in nineteen
sixty two, Chuck, they managed to sell forty five million
yo yos and in that same year there were only
forty million kids in the US. That's pretty astounding. The
chicken in every in a yo yo and every exact

(11:02):
other hand at least sure unless I guess some kids
were yoyo with both hands up. They're rich kids. Um.
But like I said, they they the company ended up
coming bankrupt anyway, but yo yo enthusiasts still look very
fondly on the Duncan name. And UM. I think June sixth, Yes,
June six is National yo Yo Day, which happens to

(11:24):
be the same day as Donald Duncan's birthday. Yeah. Well,
and the Duncan name lives on. Obviously, you still see
Duncan Yo Yo's. They sold out. They didn't just shut down, well,
they went bankrupt and sold all right. Yeah, so who
was it? The flam Flam bail plastics company. They said,
we'll keep the name Duncan because it's synonymous with Yo Yo's.

(11:46):
It's not generic yet. There's a little yoyo history for you.

(12:10):
I got a little more. I'm going to stay to
the end. I think you'll like. Okay, you didn't tease
you with it. Now let's talk about physics. Well, I
think this is very interesting. Good. So there's a two Okay.
You mentioned with the string tied to the classic Chinese
design Yo Yo, you have one kind of um energy

(12:34):
going on, right, yes, and that is a linear momentum,
the ability of it to go up and down or
I should say down and up right, that's right with
the Filipino design, the modern design and has two kinds
of potential energy. It has that same linear momentum to
go up and down, but it also has angular momentum
and angular momentum is um its ability to spin on

(12:57):
an axle. Okay, So you've got two things going on.
And like you said, when the yo yo hits the
end of the line of its linear momentum, it can
still It's built up since it's wound around the spool,
It's built up a lot of angular momentum. So we
can just sit there and spin or sleep as you
called it. Yeah, it actually increases as it goes down,

(13:17):
which is the key to keeping it spinning, right. It
gets faster as it falls. There's another pretty cool trait
to a yoyo. Who knew they were so complex? I didn't,
did you? I did not? Okay? So um. They also
have gyroscopic stability, chuck, they do. Okay. So if you
if you have a yo yo that's sleeping and you
push down on top of it, like it goes down

(13:38):
and then back up, that's because of its gyroscopic stability.
That point that you push down on the yo yo
is transferred from the front and spun around to the back.
So that's even now, So the yo yo will just
keep spinning as long as it's spinning fast enough. Gyroscopic stability, yes,
that means a spinning object object will resist change to

(14:00):
its access of rotation. And have you ever thrown a football,
it's the same thing. Yeah, Or if you've ever thrown
a football poorly, what do they call that? Wibbler turkey,
wounded duck brick. That's why wounded duck doesn't go very
far because it doesn't have that tight spine, so it
falls off its axis and won't travel as far, same
as a frist and then the whole team's mad. Basically,

(14:21):
anything that spins frisbees, footballs, there's there's gotta be a baseball.
We could liken it to a baseball somehow. Let's say
a curveball, knuckleball slider definitely not a knuckleball slider than
spin at all? Really, is it like a shop put No,
the knuckleball you the whole key is. It doesn't move.
It travels like this, and that's why it moves all

(14:43):
around crazy. Um. It's so you've got your you've got
your yo yo sleeping. You're you're totally aware of its
gyros copic stability um and you understand that it's angular
momentum is just awesome. It's far out right, it's far
out but you want to wake it up, and that's

(15:04):
when you bring it out of its sleep and rewind
it back up the spool, right, little tug on the
old finger. Yeah, and the reason why is because the loop, right,
there's less friction with the loop around the axle. When
you tug it, you increase that friction and you allow
it to rewind. It just grabs ahold of its buddy
and just let's go back up to the palm. Yeah.

(15:25):
It's pretty cool. Yeah. I like Yo yo physics a lot.
So we basically just talked about the two hardest parts, right,
sleeping and waking. Yeah, And like I said, sleeping is
the key to do any kind of trick like walking
the dog, which I was pretty good. I used to
could do a few yo yo tricks. Yeah, I could

(15:46):
walk the dog, and I could do uh, I could
do the deal where you you make a triangle and
then TikTok through the triangle something like a cradle or
probably the cats in the cradle let's call a cat's cradle,
And then I could I could do the around the world. Wow,
we're on the world. Yeah, I couldn't do any of those.
I'm gonna this inspired me to get a new Yoh. Yeah,

(16:07):
by the way, I like the vintage Duncan ones, specifically
the yellow ones with the butterfly like the gold the
gold butterfly, the inverted ones. No one butterfly on that
because they had those that were that looked like a
butterfly that were I know what you're talking about, inverted,
and I think that actually plays a part in the

(16:29):
uh increasing the moment of inertia section. Yeah, I think
that's why they flipped it out to put more weight
on the outside. Yeah, okay, well you want to talk
about that? Why not? So do you remember when we
did the um Murphy's Law podcast? How could I forget? Remember?
One of the books that he wrote was for your
Moments of Inertia? Yeah? Yeah, I didn't realize it was
a terrible, terrible engineering pun until I read this article, mate,

(16:53):
John Paul staff a little bit. Nah, we love that guy,
so Chuck. A moment of inertia is basically a way
of describing as spinning objects resistance two changes in that
rotation basically um being slowed down right, um. And what
what smarter people than us have figured out is that

(17:13):
if you increase the mass and distribute it slightly further
away from the axis, you're going to increase its moment
of inertia, right, and that increases the amount of time
is just sleeping, right Yeah. And like I said, I
don't know this, but I just remember when I was
a kid, they had those inverted yo yos, and I

(17:34):
bet you anything that's why they did it. Be because
they were wider at the outside and then curved in,
which had to be less mass. Yeah, it was less stuff,
less would So I'm gonna go on record as saying
that's why they did that. But I think you want
more mass further away to increase its moment of inertia, right, Yeah,

(17:54):
so it was there was more mass on the outside
further away from the axis. Yeah, so that allows things
to sleep a lot longer. And um, that was a
I guess you could say one of the breakthroughs in
yo yo design. I think in the sixties they started
adding mass to the outside and um, extending the axle
a little bit. Bam, the yo yo has been improved,

(18:15):
think about this, right, maybe even longer than that years ago,
somebody invented the yo yo does not change until the
Philippines in the early twentieth century. Well, I thought it
said it did change. We just don't know, said there
were changes in designs over the years. No, not that
I took. I took it like there was one way

(18:37):
and then there was the Filipino way, and that was it.
We got a correction to make them, and then the
twenty century hits and then there's all these great improvements
on these designs. Indeed, one of the improvements Chuck was
adding ball bearings. Right, yeah, well you and I don't
think these are improvements ear least I don't. Okay, that's

(18:57):
absolutely true. That's a good caveat. I think that the
Filipinos perfected the yo ya. Let's just call them modifications,
okay for sorry kids who don't know how to yo
yo rich kids. Yeah, that makes it easier, I think,
And that the whole point of both of these things. Yeah,
I guess makes it easier to sleep and yeaheah. And
I guess they're like, well, if you're just enjoying sleeping

(19:19):
and waking your yo yo, then why make it tough
if you want to have fun with your toy? Right,
I can't believe they made it easier for kids to
fund they So the ball bearing design I think is
kind of clever. Um. Basically, the this modification takes the
axle and splits it into Yeah, into two races, which

(19:42):
are basically little courses for ball bearings to spin around.
Right now, does that split the axle? These are just
around the axle. So one is connected to the axle,
that's the inner race. One is connected to the string
that's the outer race, and then in between the two
are ball bearings. Right. Okay, they're not connected in any way,

(20:03):
um except maybe via the context with the ball bearings. Right,
So when you when you release your yo yo towards
the ground and it's linear and angular momentum really build
up when it hits the inter race can tilt a
little bit and um connect with the outer race via
the ball bearings. So they're they're spinning, right, and then

(20:24):
as they straighten out the um they they're they're not
connected anymore, so that the string no longer has any
effect on whether the yo yo spins or not, because
it's just the inter race connected to the axle that's spinning.
So your yo yo can sleep far far longer. Yeah,
the outer race spens the interrace, which spins the axle. Right,

(20:46):
It's like a transfer of angular momentum, and then the
strings just like you just let me know when you're
done and we'll wind back up. Well, it'll get a
little tug. Will do the same thing with that style, right,
or you can just completely take yourself out of the
equi Asian altogether except for a snap of the risk.
The initial release is all you need to do with
what's called the yo Yo with the brain. These are

(21:09):
really fake yo yo's. I want to get one though.
It's kind of cool, like you could be in a
vegetative state and do this yo yo. Yeah, this was
in the nineties. Company called Yo Maica release these and
they called it the yo Yo with the brain, when
in fact they should have called it the yo Yo
with the clutch. And Uh, the deal here is you've
got these two clutch arms, uh weighted ball on one

(21:32):
side and it's not attached on the other side, and
they're spring loaded. The spindle is not attached to the axle,
but the clutch arms are attached to the spindle. So
when you throw this thing down, it's gonna spin slower
at first, and the and the clutch is engaged. As
it gets faster, all of a sudden, it's enough inertia
to pop the clutch. Essentially against the edges, and it

(21:55):
releases the spindle, which makes the whole thing spin faster.
On the axis right, the centrifugal force um pushes down
the weight, which pushes down the arm onto the spring,
which releases the two which allows it to spin. And
it only spends for a certain amount of time. It's
not like the kind that you tug back up. It'll

(22:17):
spin till it slows down and then the clutch locks
back down and boom, it shoots back up right back up.
I wanna, I wanna, I wish we had one of those.
I want to see what it's like. So basically, the
big to the two modifications are based on separating the
string from the axle by by creating two different kinds
of I guess axles or spindles or whatever, which are

(22:37):
really just sort of taking the Philippine Filipino design a
step further because although it made contact with the axle,
that wasn't quote connected to the axle. Yeah, I guess
it was, but it wasn't tight. And a guy named
Michael Caffrey is the one who came up with the
yo yo with the brain, and you omega started telling
him in but he came up with two years after

(23:00):
a man named Tom Qun created the no Jive three
and one yo yo that you could take apart and
replace the axle and do all sorts of modifications with
no really big big time for changes in yo yo design.
So did he rip this, dude off? Is that what
you're saying? Okay, No, I'm just saying, like the two
these two big steps in um yoyo design, he said

(23:22):
two years after it was sinister. Well, you're a very
suspicious person I am when it comes to yo yo design, Chuck.

(23:51):
That's pretty much the physics of yo yo's. Did you
know that we just explained how yo yo's work. You know,
I looked online at videos and stuff to make it
a little easier because this is a very visual thing,
and they do have videos. But what I found out
is that a lot of teachers, physics teachers use yo
yos to describe these whatever four to six properties that

(24:15):
we described. I have to tell you, I understand angular
momentum far better now. I understand and although it went
through the yo yos to the football, I understand the
moment of inertia. Okay, are wait? Is that moment of inertia? No?
That's angular momentum. Angular momentum spinning on an axis. Yeah,
oh you're talking about the gyros copic stability. Yeah, that's
what it was. See I get confused. I need to chuck.

(24:37):
It's physics, man, don't feel bad. Um you want to
know A couple more pieces of yo yo trivia. In one,
Abby Hoffman of the Chicago Seven was um indicted uh
or no, charged with contempt of Congress when he um
started doing the walk the Dog uh and during a

(24:59):
House American Activities Committee session that was investigating him. So
he was like, I'm just so over this, I'm gonna yoyo. Well, apparently,
the way I read it is that he was trying
to entertain lighting everything up, like here, watch me yoyo,
and he was walking the dog and the who act said,
so that's how yoyo's are connected to McCarthy is m

(25:21):
if you want to take a n y sk quiz
and that comes up. Plus, yoyos were huge back then.
That was like the heyday. I think this is the sixties. Yeah, um, Nixon,
have you seen Nixon try to yoyo? Man, if you
don't like Nixon, this will just make you hate him
even more the night that they opened the Grand Old
Opry and I think sometime in nineteen seventy four, Um,

(25:42):
what's the main guy, like the whole cast of Heehaus
behind Nixon and then the main roy Akoff. He presents
Nixon with a yoyo and like has to put it
on Nixon's finger and Nixon looks like what's going on?
You know? And um, and then he tries to do
it once and it just kind of like flops down
and makes like sad trombone noise and he just has
this sullen like look on his face, like I don't

(26:04):
like yo yo's. He looks kind of like you did
at the beginning of this episode. Yeah, me and Tricky
did um. And then they took a yo yo in
space Chuck, Yeah, I saw that and it still worked.
It did work. They found that like letting it drop
did nothing because they were testing it in microgravity. But

(26:24):
if you throw it, um, it will it will go slowly.
You can you can do it slowly, but it will
still spin um. And it moves kind of um just
kind of gracefully along the string like in just mid
air horizontally and um. But it will never sleep well,
thank God, NASA did that. Yeah, those are all the

(26:47):
videos you see that. They do much more than that.
That was back when NASA was like, we have so
much money, we don't know what to do. Let's launch
something and let's say the Toys and Space Project, right,
and they did. Now this was just where ho yos.
That was the only thing they did on that flight. Well, No,
the Toys and Space Project in company or encompassed to
sixty Shuttle missions, one for each toy that they tested out.

(27:11):
Jack's was one of the best ones, the Belo paddle.
So that's uh, that's yo yos. Frankly, I'm pretty happy
with this one. I thought you were going to lead
in with something on yo yo ma. Man try to
look up yo yo's in the news and not get
yo yo ma cheez, can't do it, stupid. I searched
yo yo minus ma minus knee minus gabba to finally

(27:36):
get some stuff. Oh what was the other one here,
Mama neo yo MTV raps that came up to did it? Yeah?
I stopped searching before I minused MTV two. You know
how you could minus I was in Yeah, and it'll
it'll route out all the search all this all the

(27:57):
results that have that. So you just put the minus
on minus and then the next letter. No space had
no idea, and you can do a bunch of different ones,
no comms, no nothing, just like minus Gabba minus Yo
minus mom minus Knee. You've literally just improved my life.
Oh good, or my research for like the eight Time

(28:17):
to Day. Yeah all right, well that's it alright yo Yo's.
I was in a jewelry store once and Neo came in.
It seemed nice. Who's Neo? He's this rapper. He's from Atlanta.
I thought you're talking about the matrix. No, that's like
his real name is Ken Neo. This is Knee Yo.
Oh yeah, I've heard of him. Yeah him. Well, if

(28:39):
you want to learn more about Yo Yo's, including some
really top notch illustrations, this is one of those ones
that you will see why we have staff illustrators here
actually in color. No. Um, you want to type in
yo Yo at the in the handy search bart how
stuff works dot com. That will bring up that really
cool article. Um and I said handy itch bar. So

(29:01):
now it's time for Chuck to shine with another edition
of Listener Mail. Josh. This is uh one of our
oldest than not by age, but one of our most
loyal fans and its spies. She has a band and
they put together Well, let me just read it. This
is coming out shortly after Christmas, and she said it

(29:22):
was still great to read this. Hi, guys and Jerry,
since we're firmly in the festive, greedy, little grip of
the holiday season, I was wondering if you could give
a shout out to a project I'm involved in, or
my band is. At least it's a charity album to
raise funds for the continued fallout from the Japanese earthquake
and nuclear disaster, and the light of everything that's happened

(29:42):
since I know, it's been put on the back burner
of most people's charitable contributions, which is why we were
thrilled and honored to our part to re raise awareness
when the label releasing this compilation approached us to contribute
a track. So you know, she's right. You hear about
these tragedies that happen, and then six months later you
kind of forget about it, the curse of the news

(30:03):
cycle exactly. But luckily there's a lot of people that, uh,
my friend Dave is one of them that's still working,
like on the tsunami from five or six years ago,
so continued help is always needed. Uh, there's a CD.
It's gonna be out in mid December, so by this
by the time this comes out, it'll already be out.
You can stream the entire album, which is thirty seven

(30:25):
tracks by thirty seven artists on the website More Hope
for Japan dot com and her band New Century Classics
wrote and recorded a brand new song just for this compilation,
and she's quite proud of it. And I haven't had
a chance to listen to it yet, but I'm gone.
And she says there's a lot of far better known
artists on there. Uh and anyone who likes instrumental music,

(30:47):
post rock, ambient and basically pretty melodic guitar based tunes
should dig it. So check it out. That's Anna's uh.
Anna's band, New Century Classics. More Hope for Japan dot
Very cool. Thanks a lot and appreciate that, Thanks for
letting us know, thanks for doing what you do, and
thanks for listening for like years, she's been around forever. Yeah, yeah,

(31:09):
I guess if you're working on something that you feel
like everybody has forgotten and shouldn't have. Let us know,
and we'll try to help your re raise awareness too.
Yeah ye, send us a tweet to s y s
K podcast, or you can shoot us Facebook something uh
Facebook dot com, slash stuff you should know, and as always,
you can get really personal and send us an email

(31:31):
and real live email to stuff podcast at how stuff
works dot com. For moral on this and thousands of
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