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October 2, 2025 14 mins

For decades, Rear Admiral Susan Blumenthal, MD, has been at the forefront of advancing women’s health. Former Assistant Surgeon General of the US, and the nation’s first-ever Deputy Assistant Secretary for Women’s Health, she helped shift research, policy, and practice beyond “bikini medicine” to take in the full scope of women’s health needs. In this episode, Dr. Blumenthal reflects on her trailblazing career and the innovations—from digital mammography to technology and AI-assisted diagnostics—that continue to transform care for women today.

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Speaker 1 (00:01):
Welcome to hear something good on women's health and longevity.
We are so grateful to our partners P ANDNG, maker
of trusted brands like Tampex Always and Always Discreet, and Walgreens,
the women's well being destination, supporting every stage. Together, we'll
bring you something good each week on women's health and longevity,
and it wouldn't be possible without their support. Each week,

(00:23):
we aspire to bringing the good news on women's health
by talking to renowned scientists and medical experts, and by
sharing health advice that can help you live healthier and happier.
Today's guest Rear Admiral Susan Blumenthal, has been at the
forefront of accelerating women's health for decades. The former Assistant
Surgeon General for the US and the first ever Deputy

(00:45):
Assistant Secretary for Women's health, doctor Blumenthal is a pioneer
in the use of technology to improve health, including her
groundbreaking Missiles to Mammogram's initiative. She currently serves as visiting
professor at the MIT Media Lab and Honorary Chair of
its Women's Health Council. My conversation with doctor Blumenthal took
place live at the Women's Health and Longevity Summit hosted

(01:07):
by Seneca in partnership with P and G and Bank
of America. So we wanted to start today by giving
you a little bit of history of women's health in
this country. And the reason why I say the history
of women's health in this country is because you're looking
at a lot of the reasons we have the women's
health programs that we have today embodied in one person,
doctor Susan Blumenthal. So let's start a few decades ago.

(01:34):
What was women's health and what was on the agenda
when you first entered public service.

Speaker 2 (01:40):
As Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, the first wealth is health.
It's the foundation for a good life. Well, let's go
back thirty five years ago. Women's health was neglected in
the wholes of public policy, at the research bench and
in clinical settings. There were no women's health conferences like this,
there were no reports. Studies that were conducted really were

(02:02):
only conducted on men. Even the rats used in most
laboratory experiments were mostly male.

Speaker 1 (02:07):
We say that even the rats couldn't get as seed
at the table, right, even they couldn't get us seat
at the table.

Speaker 2 (02:13):
And so we really didn't We weren't looking at sex
differences at all, and as one of the few womens
scientists at the National and Suits of Health then in
the late eighties, we brought this to the attention of
the directors of the institutes and they said, well, women
are just like men. You know that, despite the fact
that women have twice as many fatal drug reactions as

(02:34):
do men, women are diagnosed later for seven hundred diseases,
and one year after a heart attack, women have a
fifty percent greater mortality rate. Why so, we worked on
the outside while we were in the inside of the
National Site of Health and brought this to the attention
of members of Congress, who then ordered a GAO report,

(02:56):
and it found that only thirteen percent of the NIH
budget was being spent on women's health, and that women
were not included in these clinical trials on conditions that
affected both men and women. And it was a big
scandal at the time, and things were changed. So an
Office of Research was established at the NIH and the
first woman director of the NIH was appointed, doctor Bernadine

(03:19):
Healy during the George H. Bush administration. Fast forward, when
the Clinton administration came in, they wanted to fix it
across all the agencies of government, CDC, FDA, the mental
health agencies. And so they created the first position of
its kind in the world, a Deputy Assistant Secretary for
women's health. And I was very honored to be appointed

(03:42):
to fix it.

Speaker 1 (03:43):
Now, it was around that time I think that you
also coined this term bikini medicine.

Speaker 2 (03:50):
What is bikini medicine, Well, bikini medicine really means that
women's health until then, really until nineteen ninety three, was
considered to be women's reproduct of health. That's what was
the focus. It was breast health and it was gynecologic issues.
But how heart disease affected women. I mean, heart disease
is the number one killer of women and lung cancer,

(04:12):
lung cancer is the number one cancer killer of women.
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed, but lung cancer is
number one cancer killer. And here's an interesting story. In
the thirties, women didn't get lung cancer or chronic lung
disease like amphysema. So the father of public relations was
hired to really target women to start smoking. Our research

(04:33):
studies targeted men to stop smoking, and so their lung
cancer rates went down while women's went up. And in
nineteen eighty seven. As a result of this targeting of women,
lung cancer surpassed breast cancer as the number one cancer
killer of women, simply by advertising and marketing the product
to women.

Speaker 1 (04:53):
So we have a common passion for technology, and we'll
talk a little bit more about that, but please tell
us about missiles to mammograms, because the world needs to
know about that.

Speaker 2 (05:06):
Well, breast cancer was a major focus of our work.
When I was ten years old, my mother had thyroid
cancer and I'll never forget visiting her hospital and on
the door was a big sign that said radioactive, and
I asked her doctor what radioactive meant, and he told
me about a woman, Marie Currie, who won two Nobel
Prizes but was never admitted into the old male French

(05:27):
Academy of Sciences. So her illness and Marie Cure's life
saving therapy that saved my mother's life motivated me to
become a doctor. Well, fast forward, we were in the
midst of healthcare reform in the nineties and wondering what
age you should begin mammograms and whether it would be
forty or fifty. And what struck me then was, you know,

(05:47):
if we can see it missiles twenty thousand miles away,
and we can see the surface of Mars with the
Hubble telescope. Why can't we better detect small lesions right
here on Earth? This was a then a forty year
old technology. Three out of fours that finds are benign,
and it misses twenty percent of cancer. So here's what
I did. I called up the director of the CIA
and the head of NASA and the top january coffee.

(06:11):
Of course, Well, when you have an admiral's uniform, you
can call.

Speaker 1 (06:15):
So we called.

Speaker 2 (06:16):
And it was also a presidential President Clinton's priority and
Missus Clinton's priority to fight breast cancer. And so they
took the call, and they put their imaging scientists and
they transferred their black box technologies neural network. It was
one of the very first applications of AI with our
nation's top radiologists. We brought them together. They had the

(06:38):
same They had the same quest to find something very
small in a large landscape. You know, one would be
a tank camouflage behind a tree, the other would be
a small lesion camouflage behind dense breast tissue. And they
learned each other's jargon and they worked together to develop
missiles to mammograms and we transferred. We got a dual

(06:58):
dividend from our nation investment in defense and intelligence to
save the lives of American women. And what it wore
out was the first digital mimography came from this initiative.
Computer assisted diagnosis, so that the computer AI is acting
as a second opinion in diagnosing cancer and three D

(07:19):
medical imaging. So again a dual dividend from our national
investment in defense. Correct, Well, let me just say this too.
Since our work and since this national focus on breast cancer,
since twenty thirteen, the death rates from breast cancer have

(07:39):
gone down by forty percent, and that means we've saved
a half a million lives.

Speaker 1 (07:49):
So we met through MIT and we're both serving on
in Women's Health council Susans the honorary chair, and we've
kind of together come together to help try that initiative
as much as we can. Tell us a little bit
about what inspires you right now in terms of technology
and what we're seeing up at MIT and beyond.

Speaker 2 (08:08):
And beyond well, I think you know, the Women's Health
counsel really at MIT is bringing together inventors, innovators and
investors visionary scientists and donors to try to transform to
create a new era in women's health. And so we're
seeing a lot of really fascinating projects. Sort of as

(08:29):
an offshoot of the work that I did with Missileston mammograms,
we have scientists at MIT working on a ultrasound patch
breast patch that you can wear at home and it
detects because remember sixty percent of women have dense breasts,
so ultrasounds are very helpful and detecting small tumors there
and you can use it at home. It will alert

(08:50):
you if there's a problem, and with telemedicine now it
can be wired into your practitioner's office to alert them
as well.

Speaker 1 (08:58):
And it's basically a bra. I mean, it's basically literally
a bra and this amazing physicist has invented it.

Speaker 2 (09:03):
They're also using social robots and AI wearables to connect people.
Loneliness is such a huge problem in our society and
I think that seeing how AI can help it also
deal with depression using chatbots. And if you think about
this statistic, the CDC recently released a report that said
that one out of four teenage girls today has thought

(09:26):
about suicide and one out of eight has attempted suicide.
So we really need we don't have enough healthcare professionals,
mental health care professionals in our society to address this
mental health crisis, So how can technology help us? And
I'm also very proud I've been very interested in founding
a new field of public health technology to really bring
the innovations, the twenty first century innovations of tech and

(09:50):
AI and censors and new nanomaterials to public health, to
women's health. I'm very proud that Provost Nancy Gonzalez is
here today on a state university. They have built the
very first school of Public Health Technology, and I'm very
proud that that idea, you know, created a new school
and a new generation of innovators.

Speaker 1 (10:11):
It's incredible to see these women's scientists kind of trailblazing
in these different areas. I think that's been very exciting.

Speaker 2 (10:17):
They're trailblazers across the country. Here in New York. Also,
people are building at Harvard at the Weiss Institute organs
on a chip, reproductive organs on a chip so that
you can study endermetriosis and fibroids and ovarian cancer. You
don't have to use animal models you're bypassing that and
you don't have to do invasive tests in humans. So

(10:38):
I think you can see that we're moving in at
sort of warp speed. I've had to use that word,
but moving forward fast to really apply new technologies in
order to have breakthroughs.

Speaker 1 (10:51):
So I guess you maybe answered the question, but what
do you see on the horizon and what's giving you
hope right now as it relates to women's health.

Speaker 2 (10:58):
Well, I think you know. I talked about the pass
for women's health. I think for the future, we really
have to breathe new life into women's health, making sure
that the bonus years of life we get in this
century are truly better years. Because think about this and
the year nineteen hundred women die on average at age
forty eight, and eighteen percent of children died before their
fifth birthday. So we've extended human life span. We need

(11:21):
to make sure that longevity is healthy. So CPR breathing
new life. See, we need to make sure that all
women get the quality care that they need, and that
means creating centers of excellence for women's health and health
hubs for women. But it also means using telehealth and
remote monitoring to get that care at scale. It also

(11:43):
the PE putting an emphasis on prevention because seventy percent
of the cause of disease is linked to preventable and
environmental factors. We've put billions of dollars into studying the
human genome, but we've put only this much into studying
the exposome, which is that extra environmental system of diet, exercise,

(12:03):
the environment, climate change that affects our health. And then
epigenetics how that environmental factors interact with normal genes to
cause them to misspell. And the last thing we really
need to focus is in on is research. Research is
being cut by fifty percent at the NIH and the
National Science Foundation. We need to boost research because research
is medicines field of dreams from which we harvest new

(12:26):
findings about the causes, treatment, and prevention of disease. And
we need research across the life span to make sure
that it's not lifespan but health span. And I think
they're focusing in on menopause is very important. I think
of focusing in on mental health. These are all critical issues.

Speaker 1 (12:43):
We can't thank you enough for everything you've done for
all of us, and I think millions of people who
don't know what you've done on behalf of them. We
say thank you, and then our daughters and our future
generations thank.

Speaker 2 (12:53):
You, Thank you so much.

Speaker 1 (13:01):
What a life of achievement. Doctor Blumenthal's leadership continues to
shape a healthier future for all of us. Here are
the top takeaways. First, women's health requires a special focus.
When doctor Blumenthal began her government career, most scientific studies
excluded women. Even the rats use in medical research were mail.

(13:22):
This despite the fact that women have different reactions to
medications and different outcomes for different health conditions. Her advocacy
led to major changes at the NIH and across government. Second,
AI and technology offer huge life saving potential. Doctor Blumenthal's
groundbreaking work includes her Missiles to Mammogram's program, which used

(13:42):
Defense Department technology for early detection of breast cancer. It's
one of the early uses of AI that has had
implications for women all over the world. Lastly, it's time
to breathe new life into women's health. Women have the
potential to live longer than ever, says doctor Blumenthal, but
we need to ensure that the those added years are healthy.
To do that requires what she calls CPR care prevention

(14:07):
and research have a great day. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio,
check out the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you
listen to your favorite shows. Today's episode of Here's Something
Good on women's health and longevity was brought to you
by P and G, maker of trusted brands like Tampax,
Always and Always Discreete, and by Walgreens, the women's well

(14:29):
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