December 12, 2025 • 14 mins
Sal Nuzzo of Consumers Defense offered us a look into Gov. Ron DeSantis' plans for putting a fence around artificial intelligence.
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Transcript
Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
Speaker 1 (00:03):
Badar Salnwsoh. I had told you, folks, we were going
to take some time here to talk about artificial intelligence
through the lens of the state of Florida. And you
know you read the article that I referenced. I sent
it to you in advance of this. What was your
reaction when you heard about the study? The I mean
chat gpt to the to its credit, open AI said yeah,
(00:27):
this is a problem.
Speaker 2 (00:28):
Yeah. To their credit, they said, this is what we
have encountered' let's address it. But my gut reaction at
the moment was I'm a gen xer. I was born
in nineteen seventy five. Between that article and then watching
those videos of the robots that MIT does in their
annual challenges, I'm thinking to myself, every gen xer alive
(00:49):
is saying, screaming, we've seen this movie. It does not
end well for us, and unfortunately, for better or worse,
and in my I think it may be for worse.
The genie is out of the bottle. As you've said
in the past, AI is here. It is expanding exponentially,
(01:10):
and one of the big big challenges is as government
tries to figure out what to do with it. The
conversations they're having are already at a date because the
innovation outpaces the ability to even have the debate on
what to regulate and how to regulate it.
Speaker 1 (01:25):
When you see, as we've learned, and again this is
not you know, people that are out there hating AI.
These are the people that are creating the technology open AI.
They're out there saying, our product is deceiving, it is lying,
it is forming its own value system, and it in
(01:47):
essence hides covertly, overtly when we're trying to do something
specific with it. That's a problem that that that that
is almost unplugged the refrigerator and let it thought type problem.
This is what do you do to this?
Speaker 2 (02:05):
You know, at the end of the day, there's a
big part of me that's like I just don't know.
And that is a scary, scary prospect Because I generally
consider myself fairly versed in policy dynamics in terms of
how to best regulate things within a state or a
federal environment, how to do research to identify challenges and
(02:29):
gaps in and needs for policy. This is an area
in which even the people who are far more versed
than me in AI and in tech and innovation are concerned,
and so that presents a very big issue, particularly when
(02:49):
you're talking about how the federal government interacts with the states,
who interact with local governments, and how this all plays
out over the next five years.
Speaker 1 (02:58):
What is your sense that lawmakers in the state of Florida,
what kind of tack will they take on this? What
direction do you think they'll go because they can't do nothing.
Speaker 2 (03:09):
Well, it's a great question for the reason you just mentioned. Yeah,
I think that you've got probably a good half a
dozen to a dozen lawmakers in the state, and I
can name a few Fiona McFarlane, Mike Gielamardo, and a
handful of others who are really versed in how technology
(03:31):
and in particular these types of technologies are unfolding. And
their take has been they want to and I'm sure
someone will text or email me with a correction, but
they want the lightest regulatory touch possible, but recognizing that
a regulatory touch is definitely needed and has to be
brought to bear Otherwise, letting this run rampant like the
(03:54):
wild West is just a scenario that is not tenable
for the state.
Speaker 1 (03:59):
I posed to any lawmakers out there kicking this around
that it is far better to pull the reins tightly
and loosen them than to do that than to be
light with them and regret it because it will get
away from us.
Speaker 2 (04:13):
I would suggest you're likely right, and let me preface that,
or kind of go back and say that had been
the kind of footprint of Florida policymakers over the last
two three four cycles. I think given what we're seeing,
there is going to be a pronounced effort to be
(04:33):
a little bit more assertive or even aggressive in the
regulatory touch.
Speaker 1 (04:42):
Back with sal Newso of Consumers Defense, we're talking about
artificial intelligence, and just to help some of you who
might not be as well read or maybe exposed to
what AI is all about, let's give some definitions here.
Speaker 2 (04:59):
Sure, so at its core and I want to like
level set at the easiest level possible. Yeah, Google the
search term that is artificial intelligence in its most early form.
You type in a word, It does searches and uses
algorithms to give you what it thinks you need based
(05:20):
on the word that you type. That's artificial intelligent. Google
has learned from all of those million, probably trillions of
searches that are done how to get better at providing
you search results.
Speaker 1 (05:35):
Would it be fair to say the next iteration of
that was when you're just randomly cruising online and pop
up ads show up identifying to the searches. That's like
the next step, all algorithm based. So take it a
step further. Netflix. You open up Netflix or any streaming
app you go, and it's got recommended titles. It gives
(05:57):
you those titles based on what you've watch, gotcha what
you don't know or what you may not know is
In addition to that, it also has a little AI
feature where the thumbnail art that appears on the title
is actually tailored to you based on what you're watching
and those kinds of things. So it's growing. Now we
(06:18):
have basically at this point two main definitions or types
of AI. You have generative AI and predictive AI. Now,
generative AI uses your prompt chat GPT. I go in
and type in a prompt, and then it uses its
computations and learn learned abilities from trillions of chat GPT things,
(06:39):
and then it gives me or gives you exactly or
hopefully exactly what I'm looking for in that moment. Generative
meaning it's generating something in response to an input exactly.
Speaker 2 (06:52):
And in fact, the GPT stands for it, and I
didn't know this before I looked it up Generative pre
trained transformer, So that's chat GPT. Then you have predict
Predictive AI makes predictions, recommendations, it makes decisions. It's being
used by e commerce systems for fraud detection. It's now
being used by medical diagnostics where they're able to take
(07:15):
X rays and like feel our input, millions and millions
of bone X rays, and the predictive AI is then
able to look at all those X rays and determine
without a radiologist, exactly what is happening.
Speaker 1 (07:30):
Assuming it wants you to live.
Speaker 2 (07:32):
Assuming it wants you to live, which, as the article
that you talked about yes shows, is not necessarily a
foregone conclusion. And so its goal and predictive AI is
to help an enterprise or a person whomever make an
informed decision regarding the next step. So it's predictive. Now,
(07:53):
there are loads of regulatory concerns because, as you can imagine,
if you're a paid getting an X ray, if you're
a shopper, if you're whatever, and either generative or predictive
AI are a part of your world, which now it
all is. You go to a chat bot, you get whatever.
(08:15):
There's a whole host of potential regulatory touches that the
federal government, the state government, even in some cases maybe
local governments can employ that are going to regulate it.
I think it was Terminator too, where in the movie
Arnold Schwarzenegger's character the Terminator made a declaration describing what
(08:40):
was happening at the time with Skynet and said something
to the effect of that is when the machines became
self All. Well, didn't we just see that moment in
the chat GPT disclosure open AI's disclosure that the software
became so for ware that it was being replaced and
(09:03):
it then took defensive actions potentially, And to their credit,
the folks who are running and developing and coding and
however they do the back end, they actually were upfront
about what they were seeing, absolutely of steering. All credit
to them. Yeah, so that also opens up the potential
(09:26):
regulatory Pandora's box because you have this revelation and now
the question is what in the world do you do
with it? All?
Speaker 1 (09:39):
Right, final segment here sal Muzo with us for just
a few more minutes, where do we begin to end?
Speaker 2 (09:46):
Yeah? Really now? For now? Well, I think and this
is a conversation I think we should definitely come back
to in future months because it's going to continue.
Speaker 1 (09:55):
After the legislative session and they just twiddle their thumbs
and don't know what to take.
Speaker 2 (09:58):
We may want to bring up during the session because
they are going to be debating some serious bills that
have a chance of actually getting to the governor's desk.
But one of the biggest issues of as I mentioned
in the prior segment, like what do we do now,
one of the biggest issues and challenges with that is
the what is the role of the state government versus
(10:19):
the role of the federal government. If you can imagine data,
which artificial intelligence at its core is just data. Data
does not recognize state boundaries. It's why there are kind
of interstate commerce implications and all kinds of things that
go into when the federal government does decide to step
(10:40):
in and regulate. And this is one where as much
as a federalist as I am and I believe in
the states being supreme, this is a role that really
should at the base level be the federal government deciding
what the baseline level of regulation is sort of like
the FDA exactly, and there have been others that have
(11:01):
talked about, you know, making sure that the technology are
safe and reliable or safe in whatever, and then states
can decide the degree to which they're willing to adopt
in state policy versus their business climate. But if you
paid attention to the One Big Beautiful Bill Act debate,
there was actually a provision in it up until the
(11:23):
last two days that preempted state governments from regulating AI
in any way. It was pulled at the last minute
because it did not have the votes to continue. But
the sponsor of that provision, Senator Ted Cruz, said, this
is absolutely a conversation we have to begin on day
one when this bill is done. But he pulled that provision.
(11:47):
So now all of the states who thought the federal
government was going to step in and do something are
now left holding the bag and they're trying to figure
out what to do.
Speaker 1 (11:55):
Is that conversation going to happen now? Yes?
Speaker 2 (11:58):
And it has been. I mean, if you think about
out the fact that even in twenty twenty five's session,
or actually maybe dating back to twenty twenty four, the
state of Florida actually passed a few things with respect
to AI, so political advertising disclaimers. There was a you
have to have a disclaimer on any political ad if
(12:18):
it uses AI to depict a real person in any way.
So that's one thing. The state set up an AI
Advisory Council, so they are trying to figure out how
to go from here. And then they also pass what's
called Brooks Law. It's a law requiring social media platforms
to delete AI generated sexual depictions created without the consent
(12:39):
of the person. So that's the start. And now we're
looking at twenty twenty six and you already have a
few bills that have been filed.
Speaker 1 (12:47):
Okay, what's the most important of those bills?
Speaker 2 (12:49):
I would suggest a few Senate Bill two oh two
from Jen Bradley mandatory human review for insurance claims. So
if an insurance company is using AI to just scan
and deny claims, nope, you got to have a human
use of AI by state agencies. You've also got a
prohibition on use of AI and mental health practices, to
(13:10):
the point about kids using AI thinking they're getting therapeutic
help and they end up harming themselves. And then there's
also the potential of having the use of AI for
concealed carry firearms detection. It came up last year, it
may come up again.
Speaker 1 (13:29):
iHeart started this week nationwide Guaranteed Human It is a
national campaign that we're running.
Speaker 2 (13:38):
And I would like to spend this last few seconds
with an admonition. If you are in this arena and
you are versed in the back ends of how AI
functions and know it really well, this is your window
of opportunity. Please be in contact with your state legislators.
They need to be hearing from the experts who can
(14:02):
really educate them on all of the pros, the cons
the risks, the rewards and everything that needs to go
into this debate, because this is ultimately a big year
for this policy arena. Happy Thanksgiving. Thanks for coming in
you as well. Happy Thanksgiving. It is always great to
be with you. You are an absolute blessing to me
(14:23):
and I can't thank you enough.
Speaker 1 (14:24):
Thanks. Forty minutes past the hour, Money Talk is next.
Badar Salnwsoh. I had told you, folks, we were going
to take some time here to talk about artificial intelligence
through the lens of the state of Florida. And you
know you read the article that I referenced. I sent
it to you in advance of this. What was your
reaction when you heard about the study? The I mean
chat gpt to the to its credit, open AI said yeah,
(00:27):
this is a problem.
Speaker 2 (00:28):
Yeah. To their credit, they said, this is what we
have encountered' let's address it. But my gut reaction at
the moment was I'm a gen xer. I was born
in nineteen seventy five. Between that article and then watching
those videos of the robots that MIT does in their
annual challenges, I'm thinking to myself, every gen xer alive
(00:49):
is saying, screaming, we've seen this movie. It does not
end well for us, and unfortunately, for better or worse,
and in my I think it may be for worse.
The genie is out of the bottle. As you've said
in the past, AI is here. It is expanding exponentially,
(01:10):
and one of the big big challenges is as government
tries to figure out what to do with it. The
conversations they're having are already at a date because the
innovation outpaces the ability to even have the debate on
what to regulate and how to regulate it.
Speaker 1 (01:25):
When you see, as we've learned, and again this is
not you know, people that are out there hating AI.
These are the people that are creating the technology open AI.
They're out there saying, our product is deceiving, it is lying,
it is forming its own value system, and it in
(01:47):
essence hides covertly, overtly when we're trying to do something
specific with it. That's a problem that that that that
is almost unplugged the refrigerator and let it thought type problem.
This is what do you do to this?
Speaker 2 (02:05):
You know, at the end of the day, there's a
big part of me that's like I just don't know.
And that is a scary, scary prospect Because I generally
consider myself fairly versed in policy dynamics in terms of
how to best regulate things within a state or a
federal environment, how to do research to identify challenges and
(02:29):
gaps in and needs for policy. This is an area
in which even the people who are far more versed
than me in AI and in tech and innovation are concerned,
and so that presents a very big issue, particularly when
(02:49):
you're talking about how the federal government interacts with the states,
who interact with local governments, and how this all plays
out over the next five years.
Speaker 1 (02:58):
What is your sense that lawmakers in the state of Florida,
what kind of tack will they take on this? What
direction do you think they'll go because they can't do nothing.
Speaker 2 (03:09):
Well, it's a great question for the reason you just mentioned. Yeah,
I think that you've got probably a good half a
dozen to a dozen lawmakers in the state, and I
can name a few Fiona McFarlane, Mike Gielamardo, and a
handful of others who are really versed in how technology
(03:31):
and in particular these types of technologies are unfolding. And
their take has been they want to and I'm sure
someone will text or email me with a correction, but
they want the lightest regulatory touch possible, but recognizing that
a regulatory touch is definitely needed and has to be
brought to bear Otherwise, letting this run rampant like the
(03:54):
wild West is just a scenario that is not tenable
for the state.
Speaker 1 (03:59):
I posed to any lawmakers out there kicking this around
that it is far better to pull the reins tightly
and loosen them than to do that than to be
light with them and regret it because it will get
away from us.
Speaker 2 (04:13):
I would suggest you're likely right, and let me preface that,
or kind of go back and say that had been
the kind of footprint of Florida policymakers over the last
two three four cycles. I think given what we're seeing,
there is going to be a pronounced effort to be
(04:33):
a little bit more assertive or even aggressive in the
regulatory touch.
Speaker 1 (04:42):
Back with sal Newso of Consumers Defense, we're talking about
artificial intelligence, and just to help some of you who
might not be as well read or maybe exposed to
what AI is all about, let's give some definitions here.
Speaker 2 (04:59):
Sure, so at its core and I want to like
level set at the easiest level possible. Yeah, Google the
search term that is artificial intelligence in its most early form.
You type in a word, It does searches and uses
algorithms to give you what it thinks you need based
(05:20):
on the word that you type. That's artificial intelligent. Google
has learned from all of those million, probably trillions of
searches that are done how to get better at providing
you search results.
Speaker 1 (05:35):
Would it be fair to say the next iteration of
that was when you're just randomly cruising online and pop
up ads show up identifying to the searches. That's like
the next step, all algorithm based. So take it a
step further. Netflix. You open up Netflix or any streaming
app you go, and it's got recommended titles. It gives
(05:57):
you those titles based on what you've watch, gotcha what
you don't know or what you may not know is
In addition to that, it also has a little AI
feature where the thumbnail art that appears on the title
is actually tailored to you based on what you're watching
and those kinds of things. So it's growing. Now we
(06:18):
have basically at this point two main definitions or types
of AI. You have generative AI and predictive AI. Now,
generative AI uses your prompt chat GPT. I go in
and type in a prompt, and then it uses its
computations and learn learned abilities from trillions of chat GPT things,
(06:39):
and then it gives me or gives you exactly or
hopefully exactly what I'm looking for in that moment. Generative
meaning it's generating something in response to an input exactly.
Speaker 2 (06:52):
And in fact, the GPT stands for it, and I
didn't know this before I looked it up Generative pre
trained transformer, So that's chat GPT. Then you have predict
Predictive AI makes predictions, recommendations, it makes decisions. It's being
used by e commerce systems for fraud detection. It's now
being used by medical diagnostics where they're able to take
(07:15):
X rays and like feel our input, millions and millions
of bone X rays, and the predictive AI is then
able to look at all those X rays and determine
without a radiologist, exactly what is happening.
Speaker 1 (07:30):
Assuming it wants you to live.
Speaker 2 (07:32):
Assuming it wants you to live, which, as the article
that you talked about yes shows, is not necessarily a
foregone conclusion. And so its goal and predictive AI is
to help an enterprise or a person whomever make an
informed decision regarding the next step. So it's predictive. Now,
(07:53):
there are loads of regulatory concerns because, as you can imagine,
if you're a paid getting an X ray, if you're
a shopper, if you're whatever, and either generative or predictive
AI are a part of your world, which now it
all is. You go to a chat bot, you get whatever.
(08:15):
There's a whole host of potential regulatory touches that the
federal government, the state government, even in some cases maybe
local governments can employ that are going to regulate it.
I think it was Terminator too, where in the movie
Arnold Schwarzenegger's character the Terminator made a declaration describing what
(08:40):
was happening at the time with Skynet and said something
to the effect of that is when the machines became
self All. Well, didn't we just see that moment in
the chat GPT disclosure open AI's disclosure that the software
became so for ware that it was being replaced and
(09:03):
it then took defensive actions potentially, And to their credit,
the folks who are running and developing and coding and
however they do the back end, they actually were upfront
about what they were seeing, absolutely of steering. All credit
to them. Yeah, so that also opens up the potential
(09:26):
regulatory Pandora's box because you have this revelation and now
the question is what in the world do you do
with it? All?
Speaker 1 (09:39):
Right, final segment here sal Muzo with us for just
a few more minutes, where do we begin to end?
Speaker 2 (09:46):
Yeah? Really now? For now? Well, I think and this
is a conversation I think we should definitely come back
to in future months because it's going to continue.
Speaker 1 (09:55):
After the legislative session and they just twiddle their thumbs
and don't know what to take.
Speaker 2 (09:58):
We may want to bring up during the session because
they are going to be debating some serious bills that
have a chance of actually getting to the governor's desk.
But one of the biggest issues of as I mentioned
in the prior segment, like what do we do now,
one of the biggest issues and challenges with that is
the what is the role of the state government versus
(10:19):
the role of the federal government. If you can imagine data,
which artificial intelligence at its core is just data. Data
does not recognize state boundaries. It's why there are kind
of interstate commerce implications and all kinds of things that
go into when the federal government does decide to step
(10:40):
in and regulate. And this is one where as much
as a federalist as I am and I believe in
the states being supreme, this is a role that really
should at the base level be the federal government deciding
what the baseline level of regulation is sort of like
the FDA exactly, and there have been others that have
(11:01):
talked about, you know, making sure that the technology are
safe and reliable or safe in whatever, and then states
can decide the degree to which they're willing to adopt
in state policy versus their business climate. But if you
paid attention to the One Big Beautiful Bill Act debate,
there was actually a provision in it up until the
(11:23):
last two days that preempted state governments from regulating AI
in any way. It was pulled at the last minute
because it did not have the votes to continue. But
the sponsor of that provision, Senator Ted Cruz, said, this
is absolutely a conversation we have to begin on day
one when this bill is done. But he pulled that provision.
(11:47):
So now all of the states who thought the federal
government was going to step in and do something are
now left holding the bag and they're trying to figure
out what to do.
Speaker 1 (11:55):
Is that conversation going to happen now? Yes?
Speaker 2 (11:58):
And it has been. I mean, if you think about
out the fact that even in twenty twenty five's session,
or actually maybe dating back to twenty twenty four, the
state of Florida actually passed a few things with respect
to AI, so political advertising disclaimers. There was a you
have to have a disclaimer on any political ad if
(12:18):
it uses AI to depict a real person in any way.
So that's one thing. The state set up an AI
Advisory Council, so they are trying to figure out how
to go from here. And then they also pass what's
called Brooks Law. It's a law requiring social media platforms
to delete AI generated sexual depictions created without the consent
(12:39):
of the person. So that's the start. And now we're
looking at twenty twenty six and you already have a
few bills that have been filed.
Speaker 1 (12:47):
Okay, what's the most important of those bills?
Speaker 2 (12:49):
I would suggest a few Senate Bill two oh two
from Jen Bradley mandatory human review for insurance claims. So
if an insurance company is using AI to just scan
and deny claims, nope, you got to have a human
use of AI by state agencies. You've also got a
prohibition on use of AI and mental health practices, to
(13:10):
the point about kids using AI thinking they're getting therapeutic
help and they end up harming themselves. And then there's
also the potential of having the use of AI for
concealed carry firearms detection. It came up last year, it
may come up again.
Speaker 1 (13:29):
iHeart started this week nationwide Guaranteed Human It is a
national campaign that we're running.
Speaker 2 (13:38):
And I would like to spend this last few seconds
with an admonition. If you are in this arena and
you are versed in the back ends of how AI
functions and know it really well, this is your window
of opportunity. Please be in contact with your state legislators.
They need to be hearing from the experts who can
(14:02):
really educate them on all of the pros, the cons
the risks, the rewards and everything that needs to go
into this debate, because this is ultimately a big year
for this policy arena. Happy Thanksgiving. Thanks for coming in
you as well. Happy Thanksgiving. It is always great to
be with you. You are an absolute blessing to me
(14:23):
and I can't thank you enough.
Speaker 1 (14:24):
Thanks. Forty minutes past the hour, Money Talk is next.
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