Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:02):
If I passed the hour, Let's get to it. Second
hour of the Morning Show with Preston Scotti's Ose. I
am Preston and this is author Tom Clavin. The latest
book is Running Deep, Bravery Survival and the True Story
of the deadliest submarine in World War Two. Tom, welcome
back to the show. How are you, friend, I'm fine.
Speaker 2 (00:21):
Thank you for having me back.
Speaker 1 (00:22):
I love having you on this program, especially when you
write these books. Man, I want to ask you, is
researching and writing for you? Is it more than just
a profession? Is this your hobby? I mean, do you
do anything else?
Speaker 2 (00:40):
I don't do anything else? Well that way, I mean
I tell people all seriousness that I have though other
talents and skills, So I stick to the one thing
I know how to do.
Speaker 1 (00:50):
Because you and the variety of books what I love,
of course, and listeners of the program. No, I don't
generally talk to people that write novels. I love his
I love the true stories of history, and there are
so many and this is perfect timing Veterans Day coming up.
But I always ask, Okay, where did you stumble upon
(01:11):
the story of the USS Tang?
Speaker 2 (01:14):
I was researching something else and I came across a
line in a book somewhere that compared Captain Richiel O.
Kane to Audie Murphy. Now, for some of your listeners
might not remember, but Audie Murphy was the most decorated
Army soldier in World War two US Army soldier and
Richie O. Kine was the most decorated Navy officer of
World War Two. But nobody heard of Richie O. Kine.
(01:35):
So I had to find out more about him. And
that's how he's captain of the tank which became the
most effective submary of World War Two for the Americans,
and the submarines sank. There were survivors, including the captain,
and they had to survive this Japanese torture camp. And
all that said to me, this is a story about survival,
and I want to write it.
Speaker 1 (01:57):
I would. Okay, let's set the stage part of World
War two the theater, because I think most people, even
those that are maybe World War two officionados, when they
hear submarine, they're thinking Germans. They're thinking of the U boats, right,
they're the most notoriously well known submarines. Where is the
(02:19):
Tang operating and at what part of World War two.
Speaker 2 (02:23):
Well, the Tang was first launched in early nineteen forty four,
and it was operating only in the Pacific Ocean, in
the Pacific theater, and that's where most of the submarine
activity was because you had the vast reaches of the
Pacific Ocean. So the Tang was very effective. It was
not the only submarine, of course, that the Americas deployed,
but it was the most successful.
Speaker 1 (02:45):
When we think of submarines, I think obviously all of
us look at it through the lens of the technology
of the day. How important were submarines in World War
Two to the US naval operations.
Speaker 2 (03:00):
Became clear right after Pear Harbor, because when the disaster
of Pearl Harbor meant that many of our surface ships
are not available anymore. The aircraft carriers and destroyers, they
were either sunk or they were so damp that damage
they would not come back into action for months and
not a year or so. Well, we had left with
the submarines, which was pretty much untouched, and that was
our last line of defense for months and months and
(03:21):
months until we started to rebound. Our manufacturing plants were
turning out more ships, but if wasn't for the submarines.
The Japanese could have certainly invaded Hawaii and possibly even
the west coast of the mainland. So the submarines played
an important role, which surprised everybody because they don't think
considered very important. They were as important as the surface ships.
Speaker 1 (03:39):
You say that, and it's interesting to me because the
surface ships tend to get the notoriety the aircraft carriers
and some of the battleships. Submarines, I guess maybe appropriately
they bask in anonymity.
Speaker 2 (03:55):
They do. It was called the silent Service in World
War Two because they did operate a well, let's face it,
they operated below the surface of the water, weren't as
obvious visibly as an aircraft carrier or battleship. And one
of the reasons why they could be successful is they
had to be stealthy, you know, they had to go
under water and try and surprise enemy ships. So, yes,
(04:15):
they were. To this day you could say that the
submarines don't get the kind of attention that the surface
ships do.
Speaker 1 (04:20):
Tom you mentioned the captain of the USS Tang, Richard O'Kaine.
What did you learn about him before his service in
the United States Navy.
Speaker 2 (04:30):
He was a native of New Hampshire, and when he
was a kid he wanted to be in the Navy.
He loved sailing, built his own little sailboats. And he
was not a brilliant student Annapolis, but he graduated pretty
high up in his class, and he went into as
most graduates did. He went into surface ships who worked
on the battleship. But like some other officers and since
(04:54):
he decided, they wanted to try submarines. And I should
point out that submarine service was completely voluntary. You cannot
be assigned to work on a submarine for the obvious
reason that you suppose you have a clausophobia issue or
just discomfort would being under water three hundred feet. So
he volunteered, he was underwent training, and then he became
the executive officer on a called the Wahoo, which was
(05:17):
very successful in World War Two. And so when the
tank was being built and he was a captain that
was going to, you know, take it to the next level.
And Okaine was chosen to be captain of the of
the tank.
Speaker 1 (05:27):
What were his orders? What was he tasked to do
and accomplish?
Speaker 2 (05:33):
Well, that's a good question because one of the things
that the Navy did was they would send out the
submarines and like wolf packs, uh, two or sometimes three,
sometimes maybe even four submarines would would go out together
so they could support each other. Okine did not like
to do that. He wanted to be the lone wolf.
He took the tangle very independently on his own roots
and so search, search and patrols and and uh that's
(05:57):
how it became, I think, so effective because he could
go wherever he wanted to, and he had unusual instinct
for knowing where the enemy was.
Speaker 1 (06:03):
So was he doing this on his own or was
he doing it with the approval of the higher ups?
Speaker 2 (06:09):
Well, I wouldn't exactly use the word approval, but the
hill name of named Lockwood, who was he a wink yeah,
God like stick with your colleagues, wink wink yeah. Fellow
Charles Lockwood was the admiral in charge of submarines in
the Pacific, and he had so like a paternal relationship
with o'kine. You have to remember to o'kine when he
(06:31):
was a named captain of the tank, was only thirty
two years old. These are still very young men who
were putting positions of great responsibility.
Speaker 1 (06:38):
When you came across this story. Like, I love asking
this question of you each time we have you on
the program. Where do you get your research? Were there
any surviving members? Were there members of family? You know?
I mean, who'd you talk to?
Speaker 2 (06:55):
Well, the last survivor of the Tang was a fellow
named Boats. His nickname was Boat's Live Bold and he
died at ninety nine during the pandemic. So when I
started to work on this story, there was no living
survivor of the USS Tang. However, there's reports, there's deep
briefings when when maybe liberated the prison camp was liberated
(07:17):
and they could recover from their ailments, they were interviewed
really extensively, and those interviews exist. They can be found
either in the Library of Congress or the World War
Two Museum in New Orleans. And Ocaine himself he wrote
a sort of a memoir called Clear the Bridge about
his time as captain of the Tang, and that was
very helpful. Not the most exciting read, but it was
(07:39):
very helpful with details.
Speaker 1 (07:41):
Joining us on the program is Tom claven the book
Running Deep, Bravery, Survival and the True Story of the
Deadliest submarine in World War Two. Before we Go to
break Tom kind of quantify that statement deadliest submarine in
World War Two, because that's lofty it is.
Speaker 2 (07:57):
And the Tang sank thirty three Japanese ships, and it
was by far the most ships sunk by a single
submarine in World War Two. So not only sank ships,
but it caused the Japanese many times to alter their
roots to sometimes not even send out convoys because they
were afrayed the tanks out there somewhere. So not were
(08:18):
effective by sinking ships, but they were very intimidating and
changed in Japanese thinking about where their boats could go.
Speaker 1 (08:24):
But there was one particular convoy that met a very
unfortunate fate at the hands of the Tang.
Speaker 2 (08:30):
Correct, yes, you know in October nineteen forty four, so
we were talking about eighty one years ago. The Tang
by itself encountered an entire Japanese convoy and took on.
Rather than let it go or miss out on some
success here, it attacked the entire convoy by itself. And
it was during this attack on a convoy which was
(08:51):
successful and almost every ship was sunk. The Tang actually
was sunk itself.
Speaker 1 (08:55):
What did you learn about life aboard a World War
II submarine. What was it like, Tom.
Speaker 2 (09:00):
Well, during the break you use an expression it's like
a city underwater. That's sort of like a submarine has
to be very self contained because you take off, and
as a case of the Pacific Ocean, for example, you
have thousands of miles from your base camp. So it's
it's you. You bring your kitchen with you, you bring
your showers, your bathrooms, you bring your living quarters such
as they are. I mean they had this, they had
(09:22):
this set of hammocks and the torpedo rooms to have
enough space everybody could sleep on a submarine. So it's
a very cramped, claustrophobic environment. You could be underwater for
weeks at a time. I mean you have to surface
from time to time to recharge your batteries, but for
the most part, for weeks at a time. You're on
a war patrol. In World War two, you're you're not
you don't see the sky. And if some of your
(09:42):
listeners can imagine, I can't live like that. While the
hundreds of these fellows, a thousands of these fells did
during World War Two, and they also do that they
are tremendous risks. The mortality rate for a submarine sailor
was six times that of a surface ship sailor. So
they had to know that what they were doing were
particularly dangerous.
Speaker 1 (10:00):
You know, you mentioned that they they were volunteers, because
you can't assign somebody to something that is so restrictive
on so many different fronts. How did they handle just
the resupply, the refueling? Was that all done at sea?
I mean, how'd they coordinate all that.
Speaker 2 (10:18):
Well? In the case of the Navy during World War Two,
you had Pearl Harbor was the main basein of Pacific,
even you know, it recovered rather quickly the devastation of
December nineteen forty one. Then you had Midway was a
tall and had field capacity that the submarines was comeing
in the top off their tanks. And then there would
be Guam. As the as the US allies and their
(10:41):
allies got further and further west in the Pacific, they
would set up more and more bases farther away from
Pearl Harbor where submarines and other ships could go to refuel.
Because it's true, you know, the extent of your mission
could last only as long as your fielded.
Speaker 1 (10:55):
You mentioned in the last segment that the USS Tang
met its faith at its own hand. Give us a
little bit more on that.
Speaker 2 (11:04):
Well, it was attacking this convoy and sinking ships left
and right, and they had one torpedo left. I should
point out that the World War two submarine had twenty
four torpedoes, and when you fire the last one, your
mission is over. You go back to base. And had
one more torpedo left. They fired it at this wounded
Japanese ship. The torpedo boomerang came back and struck the Tang.
Now it sent it to the bottom one hundred and
(11:25):
eight feet down. It came to rest on the bottom.
But yet the captain and nine of the sailors survived.
Now that's the good news that they survived. The bad
news was they were picked up almost immediately by a
Japanese patrol boat. Who these people, you can imagine, we're
very upset because they'd just seen the submarine devastate their convoy.
So they ended up The captain, nort Kain and his
(11:48):
men ended up in a Japanese prison camp where they
spent most of the next year in the most trendous conditions.
So it's really running deep as a sort of survival
of the US Navy after Pearl Harbor, the survival of
the Tang after got sunk, and the survival of Captain
O'Cain and his men in his prison camp before he
was liberated.
Speaker 1 (12:05):
Did have the remains of the Tang ever been found?
Speaker 2 (12:09):
No, they have not. They have a pretty good idea
and foremost straight what was called at the time, the
foremost straight where the tang is located. But you know,
these are very expensive salvage operations, and there has to
be a motivation. You know. Sometimes you read about they've
raised this whole Spanish ship from seventeen ninety. You know
that because it contains gold that was being shipped the
Tang is probably just a pilot of rusted metal by now,
(12:34):
really an incentive to go get it.
Speaker 1 (12:36):
So Captain Richard o'cane and six seven eight of his
men survive the war. What happens to them? What happens
to the captain?
Speaker 2 (12:45):
Well, the captain when he he barely survived, he was
when he was captured, he was one hundred, seventy hundred
and seventy five pounds and he was ninety when the
camp was liberated. He underwent terrible experience, but he kept
his men together and kept them really helped kept to
cute them alive. And after the campus liberated at the
end of August nineteen forty five, he had spent months.
He spent months in the couperating from his injuries, and
(13:07):
he was able to in early nineteen forty six limp
into the White House and receive the Battle of Honor
from President Truman. Wow.
Speaker 1 (13:14):
Amazing story, Tom. I can't wait to see the next
project and hear what's coming our way. But thank you
so much for this book, Running Deep in for the time.
Speaker 2 (13:26):
Thank you for your time. I really appreciate it.
Speaker 1 (13:28):
I appreciate it. Tom Craven with us this morning on
The Morning Show with Preston Scott. The book is Running Deep,
Bravery Survival and the true story of the deadliest submarine
in World War Two. Perfect for Veterans Day, perfect for Christmas.
It's a great book for the historian or the naval
officionado in the family. Here on The Morning Show with
(13:50):
Preston Scott.