February 19, 2025 • 12 mins
A researcher wanted to find out what life was like in the sewer system and his results have been featured in newspapers around the world, including the New York Times. What kind of animals live in and travel through the sewers? What is life actually like down there? Ph.D. student Alan Ivory takes the plunge and tells us his sewer secrets.
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Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
Speaker 1 (00:00):
It's time we take things underground. It's time we go
where we truly belong. I think into the sewers, into
the underground.
Speaker 2 (00:08):
I can't say I've ever been, but I'm excited to visit.
Speaker 3 (00:11):
I haven't either.
Speaker 1 (00:11):
Sabriina, Seiland, Have you ever been into the sewer?
Speaker 3 (00:17):
What about you, Fritz? You a sewer guy? You ever
been down there to the sewer?
Speaker 1 (00:21):
Now? Think about it. Yeah, Fritz has been some places.
So he runs it by and he's like, no, no,
not that one. We've heard of people being down in.
There's a woman they rescue from the sewer a couple
of years back, I.
Speaker 3 (00:34):
Believe, But a couple of times.
Speaker 1 (00:36):
This is somebody who's a smart person who's going down
there and and trying to figure stuff out.
Speaker 3 (00:41):
Alan Ivory is with us today.
Speaker 4 (00:43):
Hello, Al to meet you.
Speaker 3 (00:47):
Nice to meet you as well.
Speaker 1 (00:48):
And you were working with this team at University of Florida, right,
And what what happens to make you start wondering what's
living in the sewers?
Speaker 3 (00:57):
What do we got?
Speaker 4 (00:58):
Sure? Sure?
Speaker 5 (00:59):
So I did the Florida Museum of Natural History for
a few years. And while I was there, my job
was primarily to work at catual education. So I'd visit
public schools and showed them various animals that might they
might see in their daily lives, and pretty often that
was frogs, and so we go out to their schools
ponds and look at frogs in might catch that kind
(01:19):
of stuff. Well, I wanted to bring that to my schooling,
so that was currently. I had a bachelor's at the time,
so for my masters, I decided to look at sewer
systems and just look at the things we know that
are there, the frogs and fish and those sorts of
things I wanted to do a deeper dive into.
Speaker 6 (01:41):
I gotta say, Alan, you are a lot more upbeat
than I would have guessed for a sewer guy.
Speaker 3 (01:46):
I don't know, really, I don't mean.
Speaker 6 (01:48):
That to sound like I was trying to pigeonhole you,
but I just felt, like Sean said, we're.
Speaker 3 (01:53):
Talking to the sewer guy.
Speaker 6 (01:55):
I expected less energy, your passionate.
Speaker 4 (01:59):
Yeah, long beard, maybe an eyepatch, huh, yeah, I can
get that for you. Yeah.
Speaker 1 (02:05):
Honestly, if I was watching the sewer and you popped out,
I would be very it would be very contented. Yeah,
this is not what I thought was gonna come out
of the sewer here this guy so Alan, you said,
let's look at what's actually living down here, and were
you surprised at how much stuff is alive down in
the sewers.
Speaker 5 (02:25):
You know, people would expect to see raccoons and that
sort of stuff. And don't get me wrong, raccoons were
by and far the most common thing that I did
find at some of the locations, thirty forty different occurrences
of raccoons every day. They know that route better than
anybody else does. They know more than the city planters do.
I For one part of my study, I place will
(02:47):
say twenty or so cameras within one singular like connected system,
and these raccoons would just high tail it to the
spot and they wanted to be They would not go
down certain avenues, certain roads, but they would know exactly
what they wanted to go, and so they do that
ground very well. Really, those are the things that.
Speaker 4 (03:04):
I was surprised about.
Speaker 5 (03:06):
Part of what sparked this whole study was there was
some otters that would go from one pond to the
next and we would never see them cross the road
and kind of want to see how it's happening, and
Loan behold, it's sewer pipes.
Speaker 3 (03:17):
They're going into the sewer bottle. Yes.
Speaker 1 (03:19):
Wow, they're making their way along there. So this is
like a highway for the raccoons. It sounds like, then
this is like how they get around without being spotted
by the rest of us. Down there's there's no water,
there's no They're not drowning in this stuff. What's going
on down there in terms of what they're waiting through?
Speaker 5 (03:36):
Sure, I should provide a little bit background of sewer
systems in the context that I'm referring to.
Speaker 2 (03:42):
Then as I'm just thinking like teenage mutant ninja turbas
same here are Johnny Bergs.
Speaker 5 (03:48):
I will speak to Alachua County, Florida, I can pretty
much speak for most of Florida itself. Other places in
the Midwest, they will have connected sewers. So that means
that the rain water from the road will be connected
with like sanitary sewer, so bathrooms, that sort of stuff.
In Florida or at least specifically for Alachua County, these
(04:08):
are two distinct systems. Sanitary sewer should never touch stormwater sewer.
This is rain water from the road the curb and
let you see on the road that lead into a pond.
The grids and a parking lot eventually lead into these
ponds and creeks and those sorts of things.
Speaker 4 (04:25):
Gotcha, the were the first one out, Yes, exactly, I
think it.
Speaker 3 (04:31):
I'm looking at the.
Speaker 4 (04:32):
Second part of the question.
Speaker 2 (04:32):
I'm sorry, are they waiting through?
Speaker 5 (04:36):
But I thank you, yes, sorry, most of the time
there's not water. So I had my camera set out
from what to say, mid February through June July ish
eight of those of the time there was solid metal
or concrete below these raccoon's feet. And this is not,
(04:56):
you like, uniform of all of the systems. Obviously there's
some variation on this, and premiarily those wetter sites that
we would see the alligators, and premily the dryer sites.
They are getting a lot of your mammals, your raccoons, possums,
that sort of those sort of things.
Speaker 1 (05:11):
Well, I'm looking right here at the New York Times,
and they grabbed a hold of this, this study that
you were involved in, alan Ivory, and it says this
city sewer system is full of alligators, but it's not.
New York researchers found crocodilions, bats, raccoons and other creatures
prowling of Florida Town's storm drains like something out of
teenage mutant Ninja turtles, and they go to talk about
(05:32):
all this stuff that you found. How during this process
you're talking about putting cameras down in the sewers, did
you physically get into the sewers at any point?
Speaker 5 (05:42):
Yeah, so let me I'll unbloom my background so you
can see a bit better. The first challenge on this,
and this was a multi month process, was how do
you get a camera underground? Now you might be familiar
with the concept of game cameras trail cameras. In my
neck of the woods, we call it camera apps, but
it's essentially these cameras here that are motion sensored. So
(06:04):
this little black area up here is a motion sensor.
These side panels are infrared and sobology to see at
night time. So these are very common to see in
the hunting just research world to look for animals in
the world.
Speaker 1 (06:19):
Smaller than I would have thought, though, this is about
the size of a cell phone. I don't know if
it is actually a cell phone, but now it's not.
But they've made these pretty small.
Speaker 3 (06:25):
Now it looks like.
Speaker 5 (06:26):
Now they do make these rather small, about the size
of a can of coke, that kind of thing, back
and number and I first started.
Speaker 6 (06:32):
We're talking fosters there, Alan, that's a big ol' oil can.
Speaker 5 (06:39):
Actually, the day you would have cameras that would be
two feet wide, and you could put one in a
backpack sort of thing, and they would use flash or
film a meacan number alist for starting all of this
that came along the way in the past few years. Now,
I mentioned all of this background information in that they're
meant for long range. We're talking eighty feet hundred feet.
(07:01):
They're not meant for pipes that are thirty inches forty
inches at tops like, we're looking for much smaller things.
And so what I did is I put a magnetic
mount on the backside of these cameras, so on flush
with the pipe. Typically I would mount these two manholes
and so I would call a manhole pool. You crack
(07:22):
a man whole open, you'll magnetic this to the bottom.
They can hold about twenty pounds of weight. So this
camera is nowhere near that by any means.
Speaker 1 (07:28):
Can just anybody do that? Or would you get in
trouble just a regular person popping up.
Speaker 4 (07:32):
A manhole you would give in massive trouble if you
mess up.
Speaker 5 (07:37):
These manholes can weigh couple hundred pounds, so I've cracked
my nail all that sort of stuff. So it definitely
takes a little bit of time to get used to
certain management agency'sel have me like, I can't open them.
I have to have somebody else open them. But most
people were fine with me doing it. But no, you
can't just do it yourself.
Speaker 3 (07:53):
Gotcha? Okay? Was it hard?
Speaker 5 (07:54):
That?
Speaker 6 (07:55):
Was it hard to secure funding? It says you got
like thirty three or thirty nine these cameras deployed. Some
of them were stolen by the raccoons. Is it hard
to tell us a potential donor that, hey, I need
money for these cameras.
Speaker 3 (08:09):
What are you gonna do with them?
Speaker 6 (08:10):
We're going to put them in sewers and then look
at wildlife and stuff.
Speaker 5 (08:15):
Sure, So I should say that before my study really
even officially started, I was kind of testing it down
a few places. The very first place that I go to,
a massive three day rainstorm comes through my cameras submerged
in water. It is like a personal camera that I
bought previous.
Speaker 4 (08:30):
To the study. So yes, absolutely a problem. Going into it.
Speaker 5 (08:35):
As for funding, I was actually what I would in
this like the academic world. I'm self funded for the masters.
Oh wow, So I paid two grand or so for
these cameras, got my own pocket, and so the rest
of my research I was paid an unpocket.
Speaker 3 (08:50):
Wow.
Speaker 1 (08:51):
Okay, Well, there's a lot of people asking on Chat
at the moment, whilst you were in the sewers and
doing your thing, did you write any songs?
Speaker 3 (09:01):
Because I do see there's an acoustic.
Speaker 1 (09:02):
Guitar behind her there, and they're just wondering if you're.
Speaker 5 (09:05):
Like this, so I can play zero instruments. I've picked
up the harmonica here recently.
Speaker 3 (09:10):
But that's good of no instruments. That's perfect for the
sewers too.
Speaker 2 (09:16):
Yeah, now you're saying, like the most common animals you
would see raccoons and alligators and every once in a
while and otter. But was there just one instance in
which you're like, hey, you're not supposed to be down here.
This is very peculiar, or for the most part, it
was always the same animals.
Speaker 5 (09:35):
So in the actual publication, so in the Urban Naturalist
publication for this paper, it goes through how many times
I observed each species and there's quite a few of
like one offs, but one of those one aults were
actually like asterisk in my opinion, and that they would
use the pond or like the area just side of
(09:55):
the sewer pipe actually going in. So that's like the
few deer that I saw. But to answer your question,
we had an owl that kind of swooped down to
the mouth of the sewer plape grab the fish and
then got out of there pretty quickly.
Speaker 4 (10:09):
Really really like I shouldn't see an owl here.
Speaker 1 (10:12):
Yeah, it's crazy that these animals are smart enough to
say this is a safe place where we can get
passage from one place to another kind of it seems
they must have evolved that way dealing with humans in
recent history. I would guess right to like kind of
strategize how they could safely get around.
Speaker 5 (10:30):
Sure, so never you, I'll talk it a bat specifically
because they have a kind of a cool back and
forth they can do here artificial roost so where we
will mount a bat house outside somebody's property, they can
take six months a year before anybody moves in. It's
not a typical place that they would live like throughout
(10:51):
all of that history for thousands and millions of years
or whatever, and.
Speaker 4 (10:56):
So the same thing. I'm assuming it's kind of.
Speaker 5 (10:57):
The case for all the other species, but including bats
of it probably took some years for them to realize like,
all right, like this place will eventually get me, or
this pipe will eventually get me over here. Yeah, maybe
not this people, but other peopers that I'm working on.
We kind of mapped out how long are these sewer pipes,
and so we're talking like miles of pipe underground that
(11:19):
are all interconnected. And so if they know well enough,
they can get anywhere within a city.
Speaker 1 (11:24):
Just for the pipe man, Sabrina, what you could do
is really up your game. You've got your bird feeder camera,
if you had a sewer camera as well, and monitor
above and below your plays, you know all of the
drama animals got going on in your neighborhood.
Speaker 2 (11:38):
But on the to do list, I don't know if
it's yeah, those cameras sewer diving. I might have to
hit you at Allen just for some advice.
Speaker 3 (11:47):
He's your guy. Sounds great, there it goes, Alan Ivory,
thank you for hanging out with.
Speaker 4 (11:52):
Us, Yeah, absolutely, thank you for your questions.
Speaker 1 (11:54):
Is the man exploring underground in the sewers Yes Alan Ivory,
doctoral student and lead author of the research published in
the journal Urban Naturalists. They set up a whole bunch
of cameras, and they found tons of these animals. Three
thoy eight hundred sightings of thirty five animal species, including
fifty alligator sightings, and lots of other stuff. Check out
(12:16):
the story and The New York Times appreciate you Allan
It's time we take things underground. It's time we go
where we truly belong. I think into the sewers, into
the underground.
Speaker 2 (00:08):
I can't say I've ever been, but I'm excited to visit.
Speaker 3 (00:11):
I haven't either.
Speaker 1 (00:11):
Sabriina, Seiland, Have you ever been into the sewer?
Speaker 3 (00:17):
What about you, Fritz? You a sewer guy? You ever
been down there to the sewer?
Speaker 1 (00:21):
Now? Think about it. Yeah, Fritz has been some places.
So he runs it by and he's like, no, no,
not that one. We've heard of people being down in.
There's a woman they rescue from the sewer a couple
of years back, I.
Speaker 3 (00:34):
Believe, But a couple of times.
Speaker 1 (00:36):
This is somebody who's a smart person who's going down
there and and trying to figure stuff out.
Speaker 3 (00:41):
Alan Ivory is with us today.
Speaker 4 (00:43):
Hello, Al to meet you.
Speaker 3 (00:47):
Nice to meet you as well.
Speaker 1 (00:48):
And you were working with this team at University of Florida, right,
And what what happens to make you start wondering what's
living in the sewers?
Speaker 3 (00:57):
What do we got?
Speaker 4 (00:58):
Sure? Sure?
Speaker 5 (00:59):
So I did the Florida Museum of Natural History for
a few years. And while I was there, my job
was primarily to work at catual education. So I'd visit
public schools and showed them various animals that might they
might see in their daily lives, and pretty often that
was frogs, and so we go out to their schools
ponds and look at frogs in might catch that kind
(01:19):
of stuff. Well, I wanted to bring that to my schooling,
so that was currently. I had a bachelor's at the time,
so for my masters, I decided to look at sewer
systems and just look at the things we know that
are there, the frogs and fish and those sorts of
things I wanted to do a deeper dive into.
Speaker 6 (01:41):
I gotta say, Alan, you are a lot more upbeat
than I would have guessed for a sewer guy.
Speaker 3 (01:46):
I don't know, really, I don't mean.
Speaker 6 (01:48):
That to sound like I was trying to pigeonhole you,
but I just felt, like Sean said, we're.
Speaker 3 (01:53):
Talking to the sewer guy.
Speaker 6 (01:55):
I expected less energy, your passionate.
Speaker 4 (01:59):
Yeah, long beard, maybe an eyepatch, huh, yeah, I can
get that for you. Yeah.
Speaker 1 (02:05):
Honestly, if I was watching the sewer and you popped out,
I would be very it would be very contented. Yeah,
this is not what I thought was gonna come out
of the sewer here this guy so Alan, you said,
let's look at what's actually living down here, and were
you surprised at how much stuff is alive down in
the sewers.
Speaker 5 (02:25):
You know, people would expect to see raccoons and that
sort of stuff. And don't get me wrong, raccoons were
by and far the most common thing that I did
find at some of the locations, thirty forty different occurrences
of raccoons every day. They know that route better than
anybody else does. They know more than the city planters do.
I For one part of my study, I place will
(02:47):
say twenty or so cameras within one singular like connected system,
and these raccoons would just high tail it to the
spot and they wanted to be They would not go
down certain avenues, certain roads, but they would know exactly
what they wanted to go, and so they do that
ground very well. Really, those are the things that.
Speaker 4 (03:04):
I was surprised about.
Speaker 5 (03:06):
Part of what sparked this whole study was there was
some otters that would go from one pond to the
next and we would never see them cross the road
and kind of want to see how it's happening, and
Loan behold, it's sewer pipes.
Speaker 3 (03:17):
They're going into the sewer bottle. Yes.
Speaker 1 (03:19):
Wow, they're making their way along there. So this is
like a highway for the raccoons. It sounds like, then
this is like how they get around without being spotted
by the rest of us. Down there's there's no water,
there's no They're not drowning in this stuff. What's going
on down there in terms of what they're waiting through?
Speaker 5 (03:36):
Sure, I should provide a little bit background of sewer
systems in the context that I'm referring to.
Speaker 2 (03:42):
Then as I'm just thinking like teenage mutant ninja turbas
same here are Johnny Bergs.
Speaker 5 (03:48):
I will speak to Alachua County, Florida, I can pretty
much speak for most of Florida itself. Other places in
the Midwest, they will have connected sewers. So that means
that the rain water from the road will be connected
with like sanitary sewer, so bathrooms, that sort of stuff.
In Florida or at least specifically for Alachua County, these
(04:08):
are two distinct systems. Sanitary sewer should never touch stormwater sewer.
This is rain water from the road the curb and
let you see on the road that lead into a pond.
The grids and a parking lot eventually lead into these
ponds and creeks and those sorts of things.
Speaker 4 (04:25):
Gotcha, the were the first one out, Yes, exactly, I
think it.
Speaker 3 (04:31):
I'm looking at the.
Speaker 4 (04:32):
Second part of the question.
Speaker 2 (04:32):
I'm sorry, are they waiting through?
Speaker 5 (04:36):
But I thank you, yes, sorry, most of the time
there's not water. So I had my camera set out
from what to say, mid February through June July ish
eight of those of the time there was solid metal
or concrete below these raccoon's feet. And this is not,
(04:56):
you like, uniform of all of the systems. Obviously there's
some variation on this, and premiarily those wetter sites that
we would see the alligators, and premily the dryer sites.
They are getting a lot of your mammals, your raccoons, possums,
that sort of those sort of things.
Speaker 1 (05:11):
Well, I'm looking right here at the New York Times,
and they grabbed a hold of this, this study that
you were involved in, alan Ivory, and it says this
city sewer system is full of alligators, but it's not.
New York researchers found crocodilions, bats, raccoons and other creatures
prowling of Florida Town's storm drains like something out of
teenage mutant Ninja turtles, and they go to talk about
(05:32):
all this stuff that you found. How during this process
you're talking about putting cameras down in the sewers, did
you physically get into the sewers at any point?
Speaker 5 (05:42):
Yeah, so let me I'll unbloom my background so you
can see a bit better. The first challenge on this,
and this was a multi month process, was how do
you get a camera underground? Now you might be familiar
with the concept of game cameras trail cameras. In my
neck of the woods, we call it camera apps, but
it's essentially these cameras here that are motion sensored. So
(06:04):
this little black area up here is a motion sensor.
These side panels are infrared and sobology to see at
night time. So these are very common to see in
the hunting just research world to look for animals in
the world.
Speaker 1 (06:19):
Smaller than I would have thought, though, this is about
the size of a cell phone. I don't know if
it is actually a cell phone, but now it's not.
But they've made these pretty small.
Speaker 3 (06:25):
Now it looks like.
Speaker 5 (06:26):
Now they do make these rather small, about the size
of a can of coke, that kind of thing, back
and number and I first started.
Speaker 6 (06:32):
We're talking fosters there, Alan, that's a big ol' oil can.
Speaker 5 (06:39):
Actually, the day you would have cameras that would be
two feet wide, and you could put one in a
backpack sort of thing, and they would use flash or
film a meacan number alist for starting all of this
that came along the way in the past few years. Now,
I mentioned all of this background information in that they're
meant for long range. We're talking eighty feet hundred feet.
(07:01):
They're not meant for pipes that are thirty inches forty
inches at tops like, we're looking for much smaller things.
And so what I did is I put a magnetic
mount on the backside of these cameras, so on flush
with the pipe. Typically I would mount these two manholes
and so I would call a manhole pool. You crack
(07:22):
a man whole open, you'll magnetic this to the bottom.
They can hold about twenty pounds of weight. So this
camera is nowhere near that by any means.
Speaker 1 (07:28):
Can just anybody do that? Or would you get in
trouble just a regular person popping up.
Speaker 4 (07:32):
A manhole you would give in massive trouble if you
mess up.
Speaker 5 (07:37):
These manholes can weigh couple hundred pounds, so I've cracked
my nail all that sort of stuff. So it definitely
takes a little bit of time to get used to
certain management agency'sel have me like, I can't open them.
I have to have somebody else open them. But most
people were fine with me doing it. But no, you
can't just do it yourself.
Speaker 3 (07:53):
Gotcha? Okay? Was it hard?
Speaker 5 (07:54):
That?
Speaker 6 (07:55):
Was it hard to secure funding? It says you got
like thirty three or thirty nine these cameras deployed. Some
of them were stolen by the raccoons. Is it hard
to tell us a potential donor that, hey, I need
money for these cameras.
Speaker 3 (08:09):
What are you gonna do with them?
Speaker 6 (08:10):
We're going to put them in sewers and then look
at wildlife and stuff.
Speaker 5 (08:15):
Sure, So I should say that before my study really
even officially started, I was kind of testing it down
a few places. The very first place that I go to,
a massive three day rainstorm comes through my cameras submerged
in water. It is like a personal camera that I
bought previous.
Speaker 4 (08:30):
To the study. So yes, absolutely a problem. Going into it.
Speaker 5 (08:35):
As for funding, I was actually what I would in
this like the academic world. I'm self funded for the masters.
Oh wow, So I paid two grand or so for
these cameras, got my own pocket, and so the rest
of my research I was paid an unpocket.
Speaker 3 (08:50):
Wow.
Speaker 1 (08:51):
Okay, Well, there's a lot of people asking on Chat
at the moment, whilst you were in the sewers and
doing your thing, did you write any songs?
Speaker 3 (09:01):
Because I do see there's an acoustic.
Speaker 1 (09:02):
Guitar behind her there, and they're just wondering if you're.
Speaker 5 (09:05):
Like this, so I can play zero instruments. I've picked
up the harmonica here recently.
Speaker 3 (09:10):
But that's good of no instruments. That's perfect for the
sewers too.
Speaker 2 (09:16):
Yeah, now you're saying, like the most common animals you
would see raccoons and alligators and every once in a
while and otter. But was there just one instance in
which you're like, hey, you're not supposed to be down here.
This is very peculiar, or for the most part, it
was always the same animals.
Speaker 5 (09:35):
So in the actual publication, so in the Urban Naturalist
publication for this paper, it goes through how many times
I observed each species and there's quite a few of
like one offs, but one of those one aults were
actually like asterisk in my opinion, and that they would
use the pond or like the area just side of
(09:55):
the sewer pipe actually going in. So that's like the
few deer that I saw. But to answer your question,
we had an owl that kind of swooped down to
the mouth of the sewer plape grab the fish and
then got out of there pretty quickly.
Speaker 4 (10:09):
Really really like I shouldn't see an owl here.
Speaker 1 (10:12):
Yeah, it's crazy that these animals are smart enough to
say this is a safe place where we can get
passage from one place to another kind of it seems
they must have evolved that way dealing with humans in
recent history. I would guess right to like kind of
strategize how they could safely get around.
Speaker 5 (10:30):
Sure, so never you, I'll talk it a bat specifically
because they have a kind of a cool back and
forth they can do here artificial roost so where we
will mount a bat house outside somebody's property, they can
take six months a year before anybody moves in. It's
not a typical place that they would live like throughout
(10:51):
all of that history for thousands and millions of years
or whatever, and.
Speaker 4 (10:56):
So the same thing. I'm assuming it's kind of.
Speaker 5 (10:57):
The case for all the other species, but including bats
of it probably took some years for them to realize like,
all right, like this place will eventually get me, or
this pipe will eventually get me over here. Yeah, maybe
not this people, but other peopers that I'm working on.
We kind of mapped out how long are these sewer pipes,
and so we're talking like miles of pipe underground that
(11:19):
are all interconnected. And so if they know well enough,
they can get anywhere within a city.
Speaker 1 (11:24):
Just for the pipe man, Sabrina, what you could do
is really up your game. You've got your bird feeder camera,
if you had a sewer camera as well, and monitor
above and below your plays, you know all of the
drama animals got going on in your neighborhood.
Speaker 2 (11:38):
But on the to do list, I don't know if
it's yeah, those cameras sewer diving. I might have to
hit you at Allen just for some advice.
Speaker 3 (11:47):
He's your guy. Sounds great, there it goes, Alan Ivory,
thank you for hanging out with.
Speaker 4 (11:52):
Us, Yeah, absolutely, thank you for your questions.
Speaker 1 (11:54):
Is the man exploring underground in the sewers Yes Alan Ivory,
doctoral student and lead author of the research published in
the journal Urban Naturalists. They set up a whole bunch
of cameras, and they found tons of these animals. Three
thoy eight hundred sightings of thirty five animal species, including
fifty alligator sightings, and lots of other stuff. Check out
(12:16):
the story and The New York Times appreciate you Allan
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