Hemorrhagic Shock Explained: Trauma, GI Bleeding, and Massive Transfusion

Hemorrhagic shock is a form of hypovolemic shock caused by acute blood loss, leading to decreased preload, reduced cardiac output, and impaired tissue perfusion. It is one of the most common and rapidly fatal shock states encountered in trauma and emergency medicine.

In this episode, we break down the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock, classic clinical presentation, and key hemodynamic patterns. We review ATLS hemorrhage classes, laboratory and bedside clues, and the physiologic cascade that leads to the lethal triad of acidosis, hypothermia, and coagulopathy.

Management concepts including early hemorrhage control, massive transfusion protocols, balanced 1:1:1 resuscitation, permissive hypotension, and the evidence behind tranexamic acid are covered using landmark trials such as CRASH-2, PROPPR, and MATTERs.

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Playlist on Shock: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLf5bMa9_tvRjunk4I-rQZYPZn3qHqWFqW&si=kserFPPm7RYuhul-

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