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Episode Transcript

Speaker 1 (00:00):
A decade later, in the late nineteen thirties, British biochemist
Ernst Boris Chain rediscovered Flemings overlooked nineteen twenty nine paper
recognizing its potential. Chain suggested to Australian scientist Howard Florey
to investigate the antibacterial properties secreted by microorganisms. Floory assembled

(00:21):
a team of biologists and biochemists at the University of Oxford.
Their collaboration eventually led to the successful isolation and mass
production of penicillin, turning it into a life saving antimicrobial.
This breakthrough came just in time for widespread use during
World War II, transforming modern medicine. After the therapeutic properties

(00:43):
of penicillin became widely known, Alexander Fleming received widespread recognition,
overshadowing Howard Floory. In nineteen forty five, Fleming, along with
Flory and Ernst Boris Chain, was awarded the Nobel Prize
in Medicine for the discovery of penicillin and its curative
effect in various infectious diseases. Although the prize was shared

(01:05):
equally among the three, Fleming continued to be the public
face of penicillin, while Flory and Chain's critical roles in
making penicillin a viable treatment were often overlooked.