March 18, 2025 • 42 mins
The Grim is opening the gate and entering Glasnevin Cemetery located in Dublin, Ireland. Beyond the green beer and shamrocks of St. Patrick's Day lies the true soul of Ireland – a complex tapestry of triumph and tragedy woven through centuries of struggle. There's no better place to uncover this authentic history than Glasnevin Cemetery, Dublin's sprawling necropolis where 1.5 million souls now outnumber the city's living population.
Walking through Glasnevin's gates is like stepping into Ireland's living memory. Founded in 1832 as a revolutionary burial ground open to all faiths during an era of religious discrimination, its very existence represents a victory against oppression. The cemetery houses Ireland's greatest heroes and everyday Dubliners alike, each grave telling a story of the nation's complex journey.
Beneath the iconic round tower lies Daniel O'Connell, "The Liberator," who fought tirelessly for Catholic emancipation. Not far away rests Michael Collins, the charismatic revolutionary leader whose grave continues to receive fresh flowers from admirers. The Countess Constance Markievicz, one of the first women in the world to hold a cabinet position, and folk singer Luke Kelly of The Dubliners lie among political giants like Éamon de Valera and Charles Stuart Parnell. Their proximity in death – sometimes friends turned enemies during the Civil War – reflects the passionate divisions that shaped modern Ireland.
But Glasnevin's most powerful stories may be in its unmarked spaces: mass graves holding nearly 800,000 famine victims, the Angels' Plot for stillborn children, and the resting places of countless unnamed souls who lived and died under oppression. From ghostly tales of a loyal Newfoundland dog who starved at his master's grave to the bizarre story of Maria Higgins who holds the record of being "buried twice," Glasnevin offers glimpses into Ireland's soul far more authentic than any St. Patrick's Day parade.
Whether you're tracing Irish ancestry, seeking understanding of a complex nation, or simply drawn to powerful human stories, join us as we uncover the history etched in stone and earth at Dublin's remarkable City of the Dead.
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Transcript
Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
Kristin (00:12):
Grim Mourning and welcome to the Grimm.
I'm your host, Kristin.
On today's episode, we'll beopening the gate and entering
Glasnevin Cemetery, located inDublin, Ireland.
So grab your favorite mug, cozyup and let's take a dig into
history.
As winter slowly fades away,this March it's that time of
(00:33):
year when everyone embracesbeing Irish for a day or even an
entire weekend, around March17th.
This episode may be released aday late, when some might be
still recovering from theircelebrations, but I believe it's
never the wrong time for a bitof Irish history.
Ireland is widely known yetmisunderstood, with many
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misconceptions about its past.
One of the best places to beginuncovering or relearning its
history is within GlasnevinCemetery, the resting place of
history in the country's capital, Dublin.
I think there's an irony in thephrase of the luck of the Irish
when, in reality, the Irishhave endured significant
hardships throughout history,demonstrating remarkable
(01:16):
resilience.
The popularized holiday, St.
Patrick's Day, sees many in theUnited States wearing green,
decorating with shamrocks andconsuming considerable amounts
of Guinness, all for a man mostdon't know much about, in a
country they've never steppedfoot in.
Now, St.
Patrick is not buried inGlasnevin Cemetery.
I mention this because, whileI'm about to share a brief
(01:39):
history of the famous saint.
This episode is not about hisfinal resting place.
Ireland, by much of NorthernEurope was once pagan.
St Patrick is accredited withconverting many to Christianity,
establishing monasteries,churches and schools across
Ireland, along with a legendarytale of banishing all the snakes
(01:59):
.
There's countless versions ofhis story, his deeds and his
impact, but one crucial detailoften overlooked is that St
Patrick was said to have been aslave at one point.
Born in Roman Britain in thelate 4th century, he was taken
to Ireland against his will, afact that has a certain amount
of irony in it that Ireland'smost celebrated saint by some
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was neither Irish by birth norfree for much of his early life.
By some was neither Irish bybirth nor free for much of his
early life.
So why begin with a story of aman not buried among the 1.5
million souls in Glasnevin?
Because it's the stage for animportant truth.
While Ireland is deeplyassociated with being Catholic
today, it wasn't always so.
Its transition from paganism toChristianity was shaped by an
(02:44):
enslaved man, foreshadowingcenturies of struggle in a
nation marked by more turmoilthan luck.
Despite St Patrick's role inspreading Christianity,
ireland's British rulers soughtto enforce not Catholic but the
Protestant faith throughout theland.
An unnecessary and oppressivedemand that was met with
defiance.
(03:04):
The land?
An unnecessary and oppressivedemand that was met with
defiance.
History has repeatedly shownthat religious and racial
divisions fuel hatred, andIreland was no exception in its
history.
The Irish penal laws enactedbetween the 17th and 19th
centuries by the Britishseverely restricted the rights
and freedoms of Catholics,fostering deep resentment toward
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British rule and ProtestantIrish elites.
The Irish Rebellion of 1641,though not solely religious, was
a turning point offering abrief glimmer of hope for
Catholics.
Then, in the 1820s, theCatholic Emancipation Movement
led to the repeal ofdiscriminatory laws, finally
allowing the establishment ofCatholic burial grounds and more
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Catholic rites.
Gosnaven Cemetery itselffounded in 1832, was
revolutionary for its time asburial ground open to all faiths
.
This was no small feat, as evencenturies after Ireland's
conversion to Christianity, theIrish people were not fully
converted to the will of theruling monarchy and religious
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freedom wasn't a right.
Had it been just 15 yearsearlier, glasnevin Cemetery
would not have existed in theinclusive form it took in 1832.
When its gates finally opened,they symbolized more than just a
burial ground.
They marked a step towardreligious equality and a land
that had long been denied it.
It's only fitting that withinthese grounds rests not just one
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of Ireland's fiercest championsfor her rights, but several who
fought and formed the verymodern Ireland we know today.
Beneath the iconic toweringround tower that draws a
visitor's gaze within GlasnevinCemetery lays Daniel O'Connell,
a man who spent his lifefighting oppression only to find
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peace and death among the verypeople he sought to free.
Known as the Liberator,o'connell carved his name into
Ireland's bloodstained history,securing Catholic emancipation
but feeling in his greater dreamof repealing the Act of Union.
Born in 1775 in a land wherehis faith made him a
second-class citizen, o'connellrose from the shadows of
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Britain's rule to becomeIreland's most powerful voice.
A brilliant lawyer and a masterof mass movements, he led the
charge against the penal laws,mobilizing the Irish like no one
before him.
His victory came in 1829, withthe Catholic Emancipation Act
allowing Catholics to holdoffice.
One battle won, but the war forIreland's freedom was far from
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over.
After emancipation, o'connellset his sights on a greater
prize, breaking the chains ofthe British rule by repealing
the Act of Union.
His weapon of choice waspeaceful protests, massive
monster meetings that rattledthe British establishment.
But the British empire doesn'tbreak so easily.
The movement was crushed and in1844, o'connell himself was
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thrown into prison.
The man who had freed so manynow found himself caged.
The fight of a continuoussuccession of fight after fight
took its toll by 1847, asIreland starved under the
horrors of the Great Famine.
O'connell, once a lion in thecourts and on the streets, was a
broken man Seeking solace.
(06:22):
He sent out on a pilgrimage toRome, but never made it, dying
in Genoa on May 15, 1847.
His dying wish, before hepassed, was that his heart was
sent to Rome while his bodyreturned to Dublin for burial, a
final request that was granted.
Gosselin Cemetery itself is apart of O'Connell's legacy.
The cemetery's very founding in1832 was a defiant act against
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Protestant rule, ensuringCatholics could be buried with
dignity.
It's fitting, then, that herests beneath its soil,
surrounded by over a millionsouls, many who lived and died
under the very oppression hefought against.
His tomb is sealed beneathGlasnevin's tallest tower, a
silent monument to his victories, his failures and his
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unfulfilled dreams of an Irelandstill haunted by its past.
Visitors come, some inreverence, others in mourning
for what might have been.
But one victory, seen by all,is the very ground visitors'
feet walk upon today feet walkupon.
Today, the cemetery was designedusing Lawton's system for
measuring graves, ensuring themost efficient use of space to
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accommodate as many plots aspossible.
This has plots, and sometimesgraves, or even coffins, right
next to each other, toe-to-toe,with very little space or none
at all.
What started as a modest fewnine acres has since been
expanded to 124, enclosed bytowering walls and gated
entrances, making it Dublin'slargest necropolis.
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With Dublin's population at 1.3million, the 1.5 million souls
within Glassnevin's walls nowoutnumber the living.
Each grave on the ground faceseast, adhering to the Christian
tradition that Christ willreturn from the east and the
dead will rise to meet him.
While the cemetery welcomes allreligions, this practice is
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still maintained, both as a nodto tradition and to optimize the
original layout of the burialground.
Remarkably, maps of thecemetery's earliest days have
been preserved and aresafeguarded within his museum.
Who, what and where?
Are all questions found withinhis records.
As a Victorian-era gardencemetery, meticulous records
were kept documenting detailssuch as occupation, religion,
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social status and even causes ofdeath.
These records providehistorians with invaluable
insights into the eras, paintinga vivid picture of Ireland's
past.
We can revisit time and timeagain One of the first things
visitors notice upon arrival isthe modern museum, a glass-like
castle towering over thehistoric grounds, bridging the
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divide between the living andthe dead.
Its lakeless facade starklyreflects the weathered stone of
the past.
A striking contrast that speaksto Ireland's deep commitment to
its history and remembrance.
A powerful moment in thedocumentary One Million
Dubliners captures thissentiment perfectly.
When asked where Ireland'shistory can be found, a
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caretaker simply gestures towardthe cemetery and replies you're
looking at it.
The moment resonated deeplywith me as I watched the film.
As someone who loves historyand cemeteries, it was a
profound moment of this place isnot just about death.
It's about acknowledgement.
The people buried here, like allthose who came before us, are
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not just names on headstones.
There are history.
Visiting any burial ground ismore than just stepping into the
past.
It's a reminder that history isstill alive within us, woven
into our everyday lives, onethat the caretakers of Glasnevin
fully realize and preserve eachday, while helping fellow
Dubliners with the inevitablefate that awaits us all death.
(10:02):
For its first few years, thecemetery was primarily used for
pauper burials.
However, 10 to 20 years later,it became a more notable resting
place for those of higherstatus.
The graves closest to theentrance are the most expensive,
with plots further away beingsignificantly more affordable.
The first recorded burial onthe grounds was of an
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11-year-old boy, michael Carey,in 1832.
Ireland's historic famine inthe 1840s, which many learn
about in primary or elementaryschool, has a sober presence on
these grounds.
A mass grave, unmarked andholding nearly 800,000 souls, is
a testament to the tragedy.
(10:43):
Later, an additional 13,000victims of the cholera epidemic
were also buried here, furtherincreasing the staggering number
.
A green space enclosed by ablack iron fence is the only
marker for those tragically lost, unknown souls, but deeply
moving to all those who visit.
Many visitors come to pay theirrespects to the charismatic
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Michael Collins, famouslyportrayed by Liam Nelson in one
of Hollywood's films andfeatured in other numerous films
and documentaries aboutIreland's fight for independence
.
Collins was a revolutionaryleader, soldier and politician
instrumental in Ireland'sstruggle for independence.
His legacy remains acornerstone of Irish history,
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shaping the nation's fight forself-rule and its political
landscape.
Born in Woodfield County, cork,collins was one of the youngest
of eight children.
His father, a fervent Irishnationalist, instilled in him a
deep sense of patriotism beforepassing away when Michael was
just six years old.
Educated in Clonacilty, collinsmoved to London in 1906, where
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he worked as a clerk and becameinvolved in national movements
such as the Gaelic League andthe Irish Republican Brotherhood
, known as the IRB.
Collins returned to Ireland in1916 and played a role in Easter
Rising.
Returned to Ireland in 1916 andplayed a role in Easter Rising,
serving as an aide-de-camp toJoseph Pluckett in the General
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Post Office.
Arrested and interned inFronknock, he emerged as a key
figure in the movement.
Upon his release by 1919,collins had become the Director
of Intelligence for the IrishRepublican Army, the IRA, and
played a crucial role in the Warof Independence.
His guerrilla tactics includedthe infamous Squad of Assassins
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were highly effective againstthe British forces.
The British government placed a10,000-pound bounty on his head
, but he remained elusive anduncatchable.
Collins was a negotiator of the1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty, which
established the Irish Free Stateas a dominion of the British
Commonwealth.
Although it fell short of fullindependence, he saw it as a
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freedom to achieve freedom.
The treaty split thenationalist movement in two,
though leading to an Irish CivilWar.
As chairman of the ProvisionalGovernment and
commander-in-chief of theNational Army, collins sought to
unify Ireland, but was opposedby anti-treaty forces.
On the 22nd of August in 1922,during a tour of court, he was
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ambushed and killed at Blenabla,marking a tragic end to his
promising leadership.
Collins is remembered as abrilliant strategist and a
pivotal figure in Ireland'sfight for sovereignty.
His vision for an independentIreland influenced generations
of leaders.
Each year, his life andsacrifice are commemorated,
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ensuring his place in history asthe big fellow who helped shape
modern Ireland.
His place in history as the bigfellow who helped shape modern
Ireland.
Each year, on the anniversaryof his death, glastonbury
Cemetery holds a remembranceceremony at his grave, where
many attend or leave flowers,often purchased from the
cemetery's own florist shop.
Surrounding him lay the gravesof at least 183 soldiers of the
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Irish Free State.
In 1967, their names wereetched into a memorial
encircling Collins' finalresting place, ensuring their
sacrifice would never beforgotten.
Close by, on the cemeterygrounds to Collins, is a friend
turned enemy, harry Boland.
Boland was a dedicated IrishRepublican, a man who fought for
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Ireland's freedom, only to bestruck down in the bitter chaos
of a civil war.
A close friend of MichaelCollins and a loyal follower of
Iman de Valerie, boland foundhimself caught between two men,
two ideals and, ultimately, twobullets that ended his life.
Born in Dublin to a familysteeped in Irish nationalism.
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Boland followed the path of hisfather and his brothers into
the Irish Republican Brotherhood.
A man of many talents, he oncerefereed an all-Ireland football
final.
But his true calling wasrevolution.
He fought on the Easter Rising,was imprisoned and, upon his
release, became a key figure inthe Schinfens' political
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resurgence.
Elected as an MP in 1918, bolin,like his comrades, refused to
sit in Westminster and insteadpledged allegiance to the First.
O De Valery sent him to Americato gather support for the cause
, where he played a shadowy gameof diplomacy and finance,
securing a $20,000 loan fromSoviet Russia paid with Russian
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jewels smuggled back to Ireland.
Through it all, he was at theside of Michael Collins, the
brother-in-arms who would laterbecome his enemy.
When the treaty split Ireland,it also split the friendship.
Boland, unwavering in hisRepublican ideals, stood against
Collins and the Free State.
Yet even as war loomed, herefused to take up arms against
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his old friend, stating it'sgoing to be war and I'm not
going to fire on Mick.
So I can't fire on any ofMick's men.
But war doesn't spare those whotry to stay neutral.
On the night of the 31st in Julyof 1922, soldiers of the
National Army arrived at theScuri's Grand Hotel to arrest
him Unarmed.
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He resisted In the struggle.
He was sadly shot.
The exact details remainedmurky.
Accounts differ, motives arequestioned, but what is certain
is that he was left to bleedLingering for the day in St
Levinson's hospital on hisdeathbed.
His sister, kathleen, beggedhim to name his killer, but he
refused.
Harry Boland was buried inGlasnevin Cemetery, his coffin
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followed by the silent rakes ofthe Kulin, mabah, clan Miguel
and the Citizen Army Women'sSection.
The funeral procession carriedmore than just a body.
It carried the weight of ashattered movement, a revolution
that had turned on itself.
His grave, like so many of hisgeneration, became another
silent witness to the Kofs'Civil War.
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The friend of Collins, theright-hand band of DeValerie,
harry Boland was neither FreeState nor IRA.
When he died he was simply aman caught in the storm of
history, gunned down in a warbetween brothers.
Throughout Irish history and thefight for independence, there
was many men, but behind thestrong movement was also equally
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strong women.
The Countess ConstanceMarqueves was an Irish
revolutionary politician,suffragist and socialist who
played a crucial role inIreland's fight for independence
.
She was the first woman electedto the UK Parliament in 1918.
Though in line with the SinnFéin policy, she refused to take
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her seat.
She later became the Ministerfor Labour in the First Dow,
making her one of the firstwomen in the world to hold a
cabinet position.
Born Constance Scorbuth inLondon, she was raised in the
county Slidglow in the LysandellHouse, where her family,
despite being Anglo-Irishlandlords, showed a deep concern
for the welfare of theirtenants.
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Inspired by her father'sgenerosity and her sister Eva's
activism, she developed a strongsense of justice.
She studied art in London andParis, where she met her future
husband, casimir Marquez, aPolish nobleman becoming the
Countess.
The couple settled in Dublin in1903, where Constance became
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involved in the Irishnationalist and artistic circles
.
Marquez joined the Sinn Féinand founded Fianna Aran, a
nationalist youth organization.
She later became a leadingmember of the Irish Citizens'
Army, fighting alongside JamesConnolly in the 1916 Easter
Rising.
Stationed at St Stephen's Green, she's said to have fired on
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British forces, making her oneof the most active female
combatants.
She was sentenced to death, buther sentence was communed to
life imprisonment due to hergender.
Released in 1917, she remainedcommitted to the fight for Irish
freedom.
Elected as an MP for Dublin StPatrick's in 1918, she joined
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other Sinn Féin representativesin forming the First Dail.
She was appointed Minister forLabour, becoming the first
female cabinet minister inIreland.
She opposed the Anglo-IrishTreaty of 1921, siding with the
anti-treaty forces in the IrishCivil War.
She continued to serve as a DTmember of parliament and later
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helped found the Fianna Fé in1926.
Margovis died in 1927 at the ageof 59, having given away her
remaining wealth to the poor.
She passed away in a publichospital ward, surrounded by
friends and comrades.
Though denied a state funeral,thousands lined the streets of
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Dublin to pay their respects.
Remembered as Madame Marquevez,she remained an enduring symbol
of Ireland's revolutionarystruggle, inspiring generations
of activists and leaders.
Jeremiah O'Donovan Rosa was anunyielding Irish revolutionary
and leading figure in the IrishRepublican Brotherhood.
Born in Roscairberry, county,cork, he witnessed the
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devastation of the Great Famine,an experience that fueled his
lifelong pursuit of Irishindependence.
He founded the Phoenix Nationaland Literary Society, a
precursor to the IRB, and becameone of the fiercest advocates
for physical, forcedrepublicanism.
Rosa's activism led to multiplearrests and in 1865 he was
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sentenced to life imprisonmentfor treason.
Even in prison, he remaineddefiant, enduring harsh
conditions and prolongedisolation.
In 1869, while still behindbars, he was elected as MP for
Tipperary, but his election wasannulled due to his felony
conviction.
In 1870, as part of the CubaFive amnesty deal, he was exiled
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to the United States.
From here he continued hisfight, becoming a key figure in
the Clan de Gael and foundingthe United Irishmen, a radical
newspaper.
He spearheaded the Fay andDynamite campaign in the 1880s,
a series of bombings on Britishsoil that struck fear into the
heart of the empire.
His actions made him infamous,even surviving an assassination
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attempt in 1885.
Rosa remained a lifelongagitator for Irish freedom.
Though his health declined, hisfire never faded.
His death in 1915 became arallying cry for Irish
Republicans.
His body was brought back toIreland for burial in Glasnevin
Cemetery, where Patrick Pearcedelivered a thunderous oration
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sealing Rosa's place in thepantheon of Irish martyrs.
His funeral was a grandspectacle, was a prelude to the
Easter Rising of 1916.
The words spoken over his graveunited, unfree shall never be
at peace echoed through history,marking him as a symbol of
unwavering defiance againstBritish rule.
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Not all political figures inGlasnevin were without
controversy, which, consideringthe fiery nature of those we've
visited so far, have been.
That's saying a lot of our nextresident within.
Eamon de Valery, one ofIreland's most polarizing and
enduring political figures, wasa statesman whose career spanned
over six decades.
(22:21):
Born in New York in 1882 to anIrish mother and Spanish father,
de Valery was raised in BeeryCounty, limerick.
His early life was marked byacademic success and a deep
commitment to the Irish languageand culture, which later shaped
his vision for an independentIreland.
De Valery emerged as a keyfigure in the 1916 Easter Rising
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, commanding forces at Bolin'sMill in Dublin.
Though sentenced to death, hislife was spared, largely due to
his American birth and theshifting political climate In
the years that followed.
He became the dominantpolitical force in Ireland,
first leading the Sinn Féin andlater helping found the Fianna
Fáil in 1926, after breakingwith the anti-treaty Republicans
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.
His legacy is tightly woven intoIreland's struggle for
sovereignty.
De Valery fiercely opposed theAnglo-Irish Treaty of 1921,
which led to the partition ofIreland and the Irish Civil War.
His resistance to the treatypositioned him as the leader of
the anti-treaty fraction, thoughhe played a limited role in the
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war itself.
After years in opposition, heascended to power in 1932 and
embarked on a mission to severIreland's remaining ties to
Britain, cultivating in the 1937Constitution, which established
Ireland as a de facto republicwith a strong Catholic ethos.
His tenure at Towsich spannedthree separate periods 1932-48,
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1951-54, and 1957-59, making himIreland's longest-serving head
of the government.
His policies emphasizednational identity, economic
self-sufficiency and socialconservatism, often at the
expense of economic progress.
During World War II, hemaintained Ireland's neutrality,
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a stance that earned him bothpraise and criticism.
His infamous gesture ofcondolences at the German
embassy upon Hitler's deathremained one of the most
controversial moments of hiscareer.
In 1959, de Valery stepped downas Tausich and was elected
president of Ireland, servingtwo terms until 1973.
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He remained a towering figurein Irish policies even in his
final years.
De Valery died in 1975 at theage of 92 and was laid to rest
in Glasnevin Cemetery.
His grave, a stark yet imposingmonument, draws both admirers
and critics.
A fitting tribute to a man whohelped shape modern Ireland but
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left behind a legacy of division, devotion and debate.
Luke Kelly, a voice that echoedthe soul of Dublin, remains one
of Ireland's most beloved folksingers.
Born into a working-classfamily in Sheriff Street in 1940
, his early years were steepedin music, storytelling and a
deep sense of social justicemusic, storytelling and a deep
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sense of social justice.
Leaving school at 13, hetraveled to England where he
embraced folk music inspired byartists like Woody Guthrie and
Pete Seeger.
His time in the UK alsodeepened his political
convictions, aligning him withsocialist and trade union
movements.
Returning to Dublin in theearly 1960s, kelly became a
founding member of the Dubliners, a band that would
revolutionize Irish folk music.
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His raw and impassioned voicebrought life to ballads like the
Rocky Road to Dublin ScornedNot His Simplicity and the
Haunting Raglan Road, a poem byPatrick Cavanaugh that Kelly
transformed into an iconic song.
His performances carried bothfire and sorrow, blending
powerful social commentary withthe energy of Dublin streets.
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But fame took its toll.
Kelly struggled with alcoholand increasing health issues
throughout the 1970s.
His decline became painfullyevident when he collapsed on
stage in Cork in 1980.
A brain tumor was diagnosed and, though he bravely continued
performing, his conditionworsened.
He suffered memory loss,confusion and weakness, leading
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him to withdraw from the publiceye.
On January 30, 1984, luke Kellypassed away at just 43 years
old.
His funeral drew thousands, atestament to the love and
admiration he inspired.
His final resting place inGlasnevin Cemetery bears a
simple yet profound inscriptionLuke Kelly, dubliner.
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His voice may have beensilenced, but in Ireland's pubs,
streets and homes his songsstill rang out, carrying the
spirit of a man who sang notjust for himself but for the
people.
Charles Stuart Parnell, one ofthe most formidable political
figures of the 19th centuryIreland, is also within
Glasnevin Cemetery.
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A nationalist leader and memberof Parliament, he steered the
Irish Parliamentary Party tohold the balance of power in the
British House of Commons duringthe turbulent years of the Home
Rule debates.
Revered for his skill inuniting constitutional, radical
and agrarian movements, he wasequally known for the dramatic
downfall that followedrevelations of his long-standing
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affair.
Born into a privilegedAnglo-Irish Protestant family,
brunel became a champion of landreform, founding the Irish
National Land League in 1879.
His leadership was strategic.
He manipulated parliamentaryprocedures to force attention on
Irish issues and to wieldinfluence over British policies,
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aligning himself with PrimeMinister William Gladstone in
the shared pursuit of home ruleand present in Killam and Gowell
.
In 1882 for his radicaltendencies, parnell emerged from
captivity a more measuredstatesman, negotiating the
Killam Treaty, which sought tocure agrarian violence in
exchange for tenant relief.
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That same year, he reshaped theHome Rule League into the Irish
Parliamentary Party, the firstmodern political machine in
Britain, and turned it into adisciplined force.
By 1885, parnell's power wasundeniable.
His endorsement determined thefate of British governments, and
his influence forced the HomeRule onto the political agenda.
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Even when accused of complicityin the infamous Phoenix Mark
murders, his name was ultimatelycleared when the Times'
allegations were exposed asforgeries.
Parnell's dominance ended notthrough politics but through
scandal.
In 1890, captain William O'Sheafiled for divorce, naming
Parnell as the co-respondent andrevealing his decade-long
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affair with O'Shea's wife,catherine.
The affair enraged both theCatholic Church and
nonconformist British liberals,prompting Gladstone to withdraw
support from Parnell'sleadership.
Despite resistance, his partyfractured, leading to a bitter
split that crippled the HomeRule movement.
Shunned but defiant, parnellmarried Catherine in June of
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1891, continuing his campaignfor reinstatement.
Despite failing health,exhausted, he succumbed to
pneumonia in October of thatyear at the age of 45.
Parnell's funeral drew over200,000 mourners to Glasnevin
Cemetery.
Though he was laid to restunder an unmarked slab of
Wicklow granite, his name neededno inscription.
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His political legacy endured inthe eventual establishment of
an Irish self-governance, whilehis personal life became a
cautionary tale of power undoneby passion.
Even now, parnell's name isspoken with reverence and regret
.
Reverence and regret.
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His death is commemorated eachyear on Ivy Day, a tradition
born from the simple tribute ofivy leaves left at his grave by
those who refuse to forget theuncrowned king of Ireland.
The cemetery serves as atestament to the evolving styles
of memorialization in Irelandover the past two centuries.
It showcases the stark toweringstone monuments of the
pre-1860s, the ornate Celticcrosses that emerged during the
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Nationalist Revival movementfrom the 1860s to the 1960s, and
the underdrawn Italian marbleheadstones that have become
common in the late 20th century.
The Glaslevin Trust Florist,located on the cemetery grounds,
offers a heartfelt service forfamilies near and far.
Left ones from all across theworld can arrange for flowers to
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be placed on the grave of theirrelatives, ensuring that no
resting place is left unadorned,no matter the distance.
The cemetery is encircled by ahigh stone wall, its silence
broken only by the loomingwatchtowers.
A grim testament to the dayswhen body snatchers haunted
Dublin In the 18th and early19th centuries.
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Fresh graves were prime targetsfor those who stole the dead.
Their corpses sold to medicalschools under the cover of night
.
To defend the sanctity of theburied, armed watchmen stood
guard, their rifles ready.
To defend the sanctity of theburied, armed watchmen stood
guard, their rifles ready, whilebloodhounds prowled the grounds
.
Their howls a warning to anywho dared to disturb the
restless dead.
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Yet some spirits seemed to defyeven the grip of time.
Behind the cemetery stands JohnKavanaugh's.
Known as the Gravediggers, orthose who labored among the dead
, which sought refuge and drink.
Gravediggers would announcetheir arrival with a shovel of
the earth against the pub's wall, an eerie ritual that lingers
in memory like an echo of thepast.
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But it's not only the livingwho gather here.
Among the million souls buriedbeyond the wall, one seems
unable to leave A lonely figure.
An elderly man in a tweed suitappears at the bar quietly
nursing his pint.
No words, no recognition, onlythe slow, inevitable moment that
, when he rises, steps away andvanishes through the wall,
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returning to the graveyard thatnever truly let him go.
In 2009, the Glasnevin Trust, incollaboration with the
Commonwealth War GravesCommission, undertook the task
of identifying the graves ofIrish service personnel who lost
their lives while serving inthe Commonwealth forces during
the two world wars.
Their names were inscribed ontwo memorials, which were
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rededicated and relocated in2011.
Near the cemetery's mainentrance.
A cross of sacrifice was latererected as part of a joint
Irish-British commemorationmarking the centenary of the
First World War.
As of 2019, 215 service membersfrom both wars had been
identified and honored withinthe grounds, a place of sorrow
and remembrance.
The Angel's Plot is wheremiscarried and stillborn
children were laid to restwithin.
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Out of deep respect, notourists pass through this area,
leaving it in solemn quiet.
In keeping with past traditions, mothers do not attend the
burials.
Fathers alone carry the tinycaskets to their final resting
place.
Although the graves remainunmarked, a stone memorial bears
the names of those lost toosoon.
The cemetery, however, ensuresthat every soul is remembered,
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carefully recording the locationof each burial in its archives.
Recently, families have beengiven the option to place a
small plaque marking the exactspot where their child is buried
, offering a more personaltribute to their memory.
In 1993, a mass grave wasuncovered at the site of a
former Magdalene Laundryinstitution where so-called
fallen women were confined.
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The discovery came after theconvent that operated the
laundry sold the land to aproperty developer.
The sisters arranged for theremains to be cremated and
reinterred in a mass grave atGlasshaven Cemetery, with the
cost of the reburial sharedbetween the convent and the
developer.
Glastonbury Cemetery ismaintained by the Dublin
Cemeteries Committee, overseeingits continuous expansion and
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preservation.
Development remains an ongoingeffort, ensuring the cemetery
evolves while honoring its past.
A Catholic Mass is held everySunday at 9.45 am, led by parish
clergy.
Each summer, the annual busingof the graves takes place, a
tradition that has endured sincethe cemetery's founding in 1832
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, a testament to the enduringconnection between the living
and the dead.
Given its vast history, it's nosurprise that Glasnevin Cemetery
, ireland's largest burialground, carries its share of
ghostly legends.
Among the most famous is not arestless spirit of the dead, but
that of a Newfoundland dog, thefaithful companion of Captain
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John McNeill Boyd.
The dog is said to have refusedto leave its master's grave.
After Boyd perished in a searescue in 1861, ultimately
starving to death by his side,his spectral form is still
spotted wandering the cemeteryat night, forever searching for
its lost master.
Some have even claimed to seehim near Boyd's statue at St
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Patrick's Cathedral, a silentguardian lingering between the
world of the living and the dead.
A cemetery with over 1 millionpeople must have some sort of
murder or tragedy too.
Right On a September evening in1852, sarah Marie Kirwan met a
grim fate on the desolate shoresof Ireland's Eye, a small
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wind-battered island off thecoast of Dublin.
She arrived that day with herhusband, artist William Burke
Kirwan, on what seemed to be asimple outing he to sketch and
she to swim.
But when the boatmen returnedto collect them, only Kerwin
stood waiting.
His wife, he claimed, hadvanished into the sea.
Hours later her lifeless bodywas discovered, sprawled on the
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rocks, bloodied and still.
At first, the whispers of anaccidental drowning were enough
to explain her death.
But time would unravel a darkertruth.
When her reins were exhumed,signs of manual asphyxiation
shattered the illusion ofmisfortune.
What could have been dismissedas tragedy was now murder.
The trial that followed was aspectacle.
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During crowds to Dublin's GreenStreet Courthouse in December
of 1852, it was revealed thatKerwan, far from a grieving
husband, had long maintained asecond home in Sandymount with
his mistress, maria TeresaKenney and their eight children.
The prosecution painted achilling picture.
Sarah Marie had become anobstacle to be removed, a woman
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erased so another life could belived freely.
Though defended by the feignedbarrister and MP Isaac Butt,
kerwin was found guilty,sentenced to death, his fate was
later softened to lifeimprisonment and transportation
after a plea from prominentcitizens, including ten doctors,
who insisted Sarah's deathcould still be explained by
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drowning.
Banished to the imperialfortress colony of Bermuda,
kirwan toiled in the brutallabor camps of the Royal Naval
Dockyard where Irish convictshad been sent before him.
Meanwhile, the bleak cliffs ofIreland's Eye, once a place of
leisure, became a macabrelandmark, drawing morbid
sightseers eager to stand whereSarah Marie Kirwan had met her
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cruel and lonely end.
Yet that's far from thestrangest story of Glasnevin to
come.
On July 31st in 1853, marieHiggins was laid to rest by her
husband, charlie Higgins, inwhat seemed to be a proper,
respectable funeral at the time.
Her husband honored her with atwo-day wake, typical of the
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time, and a closed coffin andmourning coaches to the cemetery
.
In two years, that would allchange when a woman walked into
a solicitor's office on NassauStreet in Dublin and calmly
declared she was Marie Higgins.
In pure disbelief, no onebelieved her.
But it wasn't a joke.
Officials dug up her grave inGlasnevin Cemetery seeking
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answers, cracking open hercoffin, discovering just soil
and stones within.
It turned out Maria had spentthe past two years hidden away
in a basement, all because herloving husband had convinced her
to fake her own death.
But why?
It was all down to money.
Maria had been left 500 poundsin a will, a serious chunk of
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change at the time.
But there was one catch themoney would only be released
when she died, and rather thanto wait for that to happen,
naturally, charles Higginsdecided to speed up the process
without actually losing his wife.
He bribed a local doctor with10 pounds and a bottle of
whiskey to sign off on a fakedeath certificate.
Then, with a perfectly stagedfuneral and a coffin full of
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dirt, he pulled off one of themost bizarre frauds in Dublin's
history.
But Maria had had enough.
After two years of hiding inthe shadows, she came clean,
exposing the entire scheme.
Maria managed to avoid going toprison, claiming she had acted
under her husband's influence.
Charles and his conspiratorsweren't so lucky, though.
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They were convicted of fraudand locked up, and then, in the
ultimate twist, maria actuallydied years later, on July 24th
1871.
And this time it was for real.
Going right back to GlasnevinCemetery, just a stone's throw
away from the site of heroriginal fake funeral, maria
Higgins holds the strangest,most comical record of being the
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only person ever buried inGlasnevin Cemetery twice.
It's worth mentioning thatGlasnevin Cemetery offers a
variety of tours, each tailoredto different interests, whether
it's history, notable women orthe more unusual stories of the
departed.
The on-site museum adds evenmore depth, with exhibits, a
cafe and a rotating schedule ofspecial events.
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What's great is that allproceeds go right back into
preserving the cemetery,ensuring its history stays alive
.
If you can't make it toGlasnevin in person, the 2004
documentary One MillionDubliners offers a beautifully
crafted tour of the grounds.
But what truly makes the filmunforgettable is historian Shane
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McThomas.
His passion for Glasnevin isundeniable, turning what some
might see as just a cemeteryinto a living, breathing part of
Ireland's history.
Every moment he's on the screenyou feel his deep love for the
grounds.
It's contagious and itcompletely reframes the way you
think of cemeteries and thestories they hold.
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The film also highlights thatGlasnevin isn't just for those
in mourning.
It's a place for everyone, fromschoolchildren to lifelong
history buffs.
Tragically, shane McThomasnever got to see the finished
documentary, but in many ways itstands as a tribute to a man
who, through his tours andstorytelling, unknowingly
impacted so many lives, when aMillion Dubliners is available
(40:52):
to rent on Apple, amazon andYouTube.
As a gated keeper of stories, asilent witness to generations
lost and the echoes of itsresidents, of the lives they
left behind, glass 7 serves manyroles cultural, historical and
deeply personal.
Here, grief and memoryintertwine with the cold embrace
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of stone and earth.
Some visit weekly, tendinggraves with quiet devotion,
whispering to those who can nolonger answer.
Others come not for loved onesbut for strangers, pausing
before names they never knew,offering silent acts of
remembrance.
Whether out of love, duty orreverence, each visitor leaves
behind a trace of somethinggreater, a connection to the
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past, a recognition that thedead are never truly forgotten
and still alive within its gates, waiting for you to enter.
So I hope St Patrick's Daybecomes more than a day about a
man, but a nation full ofhistory, personal legacies of
women and men who helped shapeit into the Ireland we know
today, and historians like ShaneMcThomas who deserve a place of
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remembrance.
The grave grind for GlasnevinCemetery was a cortando from
Unfiltered in Dublin.
For more honorary grinds in thearea, please visit the-grimcom.
For now we're closing the gateon Glasnevin Cemetery.
We hope you enjoyed our diginto history If you did
subscribe today to join us nexttime when we open the gate on
(42:24):
the Grimm.
Grim Mourning and welcome to the Grimm.
I'm your host, Kristin.
On today's episode, we'll beopening the gate and entering
Glasnevin Cemetery, located inDublin, Ireland.
So grab your favorite mug, cozyup and let's take a dig into
history.
As winter slowly fades away,this March it's that time of
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year when everyone embracesbeing Irish for a day or even an
entire weekend, around March17th.
This episode may be released aday late, when some might be
still recovering from theircelebrations, but I believe it's
never the wrong time for a bitof Irish history.
Ireland is widely known yetmisunderstood, with many
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misconceptions about its past.
One of the best places to beginuncovering or relearning its
history is within GlasnevinCemetery, the resting place of
history in the country's capital, Dublin.
I think there's an irony in thephrase of the luck of the Irish
when, in reality, the Irishhave endured significant
hardships throughout history,demonstrating remarkable
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resilience.
The popularized holiday, St.
Patrick's Day, sees many in theUnited States wearing green,
decorating with shamrocks andconsuming considerable amounts
of Guinness, all for a man mostdon't know much about, in a
country they've never steppedfoot in.
Now, St.
Patrick is not buried inGlasnevin Cemetery.
I mention this because, whileI'm about to share a brief
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history of the famous saint.
This episode is not about hisfinal resting place.
Ireland, by much of NorthernEurope was once pagan.
St Patrick is accredited withconverting many to Christianity,
establishing monasteries,churches and schools across
Ireland, along with a legendarytale of banishing all the snakes
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.
There's countless versions ofhis story, his deeds and his
impact, but one crucial detailoften overlooked is that St
Patrick was said to have been aslave at one point.
Born in Roman Britain in thelate 4th century, he was taken
to Ireland against his will, afact that has a certain amount
of irony in it that Ireland'smost celebrated saint by some
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was neither Irish by birth norfree for much of his early life.
By some was neither Irish bybirth nor free for much of his
early life.
So why begin with a story of aman not buried among the 1.5
million souls in Glasnevin?
Because it's the stage for animportant truth.
While Ireland is deeplyassociated with being Catholic
today, it wasn't always so.
Its transition from paganism toChristianity was shaped by an
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enslaved man, foreshadowingcenturies of struggle in a
nation marked by more turmoilthan luck.
Despite St Patrick's role inspreading Christianity,
ireland's British rulers soughtto enforce not Catholic but the
Protestant faith throughout theland.
An unnecessary and oppressivedemand that was met with
defiance.
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The land?
An unnecessary and oppressivedemand that was met with
defiance.
History has repeatedly shownthat religious and racial
divisions fuel hatred, andIreland was no exception in its
history.
The Irish penal laws enactedbetween the 17th and 19th
centuries by the Britishseverely restricted the rights
and freedoms of Catholics,fostering deep resentment toward
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British rule and ProtestantIrish elites.
The Irish Rebellion of 1641,though not solely religious, was
a turning point offering abrief glimmer of hope for
Catholics.
Then, in the 1820s, theCatholic Emancipation Movement
led to the repeal ofdiscriminatory laws, finally
allowing the establishment ofCatholic burial grounds and more
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Catholic rites.
Gosnaven Cemetery itselffounded in 1832, was
revolutionary for its time asburial ground open to all faiths
.
This was no small feat, as evencenturies after Ireland's
conversion to Christianity, theIrish people were not fully
converted to the will of theruling monarchy and religious
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freedom wasn't a right.
Had it been just 15 yearsearlier, glasnevin Cemetery
would not have existed in theinclusive form it took in 1832.
When its gates finally opened,they symbolized more than just a
burial ground.
They marked a step towardreligious equality and a land
that had long been denied it.
It's only fitting that withinthese grounds rests not just one
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of Ireland's fiercest championsfor her rights, but several who
fought and formed the verymodern Ireland we know today.
Beneath the iconic toweringround tower that draws a
visitor's gaze within GlasnevinCemetery lays Daniel O'Connell,
a man who spent his lifefighting oppression only to find
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peace and death among the verypeople he sought to free.
Known as the Liberator,o'connell carved his name into
Ireland's bloodstained history,securing Catholic emancipation
but feeling in his greater dreamof repealing the Act of Union.
Born in 1775 in a land wherehis faith made him a
second-class citizen, o'connellrose from the shadows of
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Britain's rule to becomeIreland's most powerful voice.
A brilliant lawyer and a masterof mass movements, he led the
charge against the penal laws,mobilizing the Irish like no one
before him.
His victory came in 1829, withthe Catholic Emancipation Act
allowing Catholics to holdoffice.
One battle won, but the war forIreland's freedom was far from
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over.
After emancipation, o'connellset his sights on a greater
prize, breaking the chains ofthe British rule by repealing
the Act of Union.
His weapon of choice waspeaceful protests, massive
monster meetings that rattledthe British establishment.
But the British empire doesn'tbreak so easily.
The movement was crushed and in1844, o'connell himself was
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thrown into prison.
The man who had freed so manynow found himself caged.
The fight of a continuoussuccession of fight after fight
took its toll by 1847, asIreland starved under the
horrors of the Great Famine.
O'connell, once a lion in thecourts and on the streets, was a
broken man Seeking solace.
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He sent out on a pilgrimage toRome, but never made it, dying
in Genoa on May 15, 1847.
His dying wish, before hepassed, was that his heart was
sent to Rome while his bodyreturned to Dublin for burial, a
final request that was granted.
Gosselin Cemetery itself is apart of O'Connell's legacy.
The cemetery's very founding in1832 was a defiant act against
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Protestant rule, ensuringCatholics could be buried with
dignity.
It's fitting, then, that herests beneath its soil,
surrounded by over a millionsouls, many who lived and died
under the very oppression hefought against.
His tomb is sealed beneathGlasnevin's tallest tower, a
silent monument to his victories, his failures and his
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unfulfilled dreams of an Irelandstill haunted by its past.
Visitors come, some inreverence, others in mourning
for what might have been.
But one victory, seen by all,is the very ground visitors'
feet walk upon today feet walkupon.
Today, the cemetery was designedusing Lawton's system for
measuring graves, ensuring themost efficient use of space to
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accommodate as many plots aspossible.
This has plots, and sometimesgraves, or even coffins, right
next to each other, toe-to-toe,with very little space or none
at all.
What started as a modest fewnine acres has since been
expanded to 124, enclosed bytowering walls and gated
entrances, making it Dublin'slargest necropolis.
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With Dublin's population at 1.3million, the 1.5 million souls
within Glassnevin's walls nowoutnumber the living.
Each grave on the ground faceseast, adhering to the Christian
tradition that Christ willreturn from the east and the
dead will rise to meet him.
While the cemetery welcomes allreligions, this practice is
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still maintained, both as a nodto tradition and to optimize the
original layout of the burialground.
Remarkably, maps of thecemetery's earliest days have
been preserved and aresafeguarded within his museum.
Who, what and where?
Are all questions found withinhis records.
As a Victorian-era gardencemetery, meticulous records
were kept documenting detailssuch as occupation, religion,
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social status and even causes ofdeath.
These records providehistorians with invaluable
insights into the eras, paintinga vivid picture of Ireland's
past.
We can revisit time and timeagain One of the first things
visitors notice upon arrival isthe modern museum, a glass-like
castle towering over thehistoric grounds, bridging the
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divide between the living andthe dead.
Its lakeless facade starklyreflects the weathered stone of
the past.
A striking contrast that speaksto Ireland's deep commitment to
its history and remembrance.
A powerful moment in thedocumentary One Million
Dubliners captures thissentiment perfectly.
When asked where Ireland'shistory can be found, a
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caretaker simply gestures towardthe cemetery and replies you're
looking at it.
The moment resonated deeplywith me as I watched the film.
As someone who loves historyand cemeteries, it was a
profound moment of this place isnot just about death.
It's about acknowledgement.
The people buried here, like allthose who came before us, are
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not just names on headstones.
There are history.
Visiting any burial ground ismore than just stepping into the
past.
It's a reminder that history isstill alive within us, woven
into our everyday lives, onethat the caretakers of Glasnevin
fully realize and preserve eachday, while helping fellow
Dubliners with the inevitablefate that awaits us all death.
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For its first few years, thecemetery was primarily used for
pauper burials.
However, 10 to 20 years later,it became a more notable resting
place for those of higherstatus.
The graves closest to theentrance are the most expensive,
with plots further away beingsignificantly more affordable.
The first recorded burial onthe grounds was of an
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11-year-old boy, michael Carey,in 1832.
Ireland's historic famine inthe 1840s, which many learn
about in primary or elementaryschool, has a sober presence on
these grounds.
A mass grave, unmarked andholding nearly 800,000 souls, is
a testament to the tragedy.
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Later, an additional 13,000victims of the cholera epidemic
were also buried here, furtherincreasing the staggering number
.
A green space enclosed by ablack iron fence is the only
marker for those tragically lost, unknown souls, but deeply
moving to all those who visit.
Many visitors come to pay theirrespects to the charismatic
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Michael Collins, famouslyportrayed by Liam Nelson in one
of Hollywood's films andfeatured in other numerous films
and documentaries aboutIreland's fight for independence
.
Collins was a revolutionaryleader, soldier and politician
instrumental in Ireland'sstruggle for independence.
His legacy remains acornerstone of Irish history,
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shaping the nation's fight forself-rule and its political
landscape.
Born in Woodfield County, cork,collins was one of the youngest
of eight children.
His father, a fervent Irishnationalist, instilled in him a
deep sense of patriotism beforepassing away when Michael was
just six years old.
Educated in Clonacilty, collinsmoved to London in 1906, where
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he worked as a clerk and becameinvolved in national movements
such as the Gaelic League andthe Irish Republican Brotherhood
, known as the IRB.
Collins returned to Ireland in1916 and played a role in Easter
Rising.
Returned to Ireland in 1916 andplayed a role in Easter Rising,
serving as an aide-de-camp toJoseph Pluckett in the General
(12:11):
Post Office.
Arrested and interned inFronknock, he emerged as a key
figure in the movement.
Upon his release by 1919,collins had become the Director
of Intelligence for the IrishRepublican Army, the IRA, and
played a crucial role in the Warof Independence.
His guerrilla tactics includedthe infamous Squad of Assassins
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were highly effective againstthe British forces.
The British government placed a10,000-pound bounty on his head
, but he remained elusive anduncatchable.
Collins was a negotiator of the1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty, which
established the Irish Free Stateas a dominion of the British
Commonwealth.
Although it fell short of fullindependence, he saw it as a
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freedom to achieve freedom.
The treaty split thenationalist movement in two,
though leading to an Irish CivilWar.
As chairman of the ProvisionalGovernment and
commander-in-chief of theNational Army, collins sought to
unify Ireland, but was opposedby anti-treaty forces.
On the 22nd of August in 1922,during a tour of court, he was
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ambushed and killed at Blenabla,marking a tragic end to his
promising leadership.
Collins is remembered as abrilliant strategist and a
pivotal figure in Ireland'sfight for sovereignty.
His vision for an independentIreland influenced generations
of leaders.
Each year, his life andsacrifice are commemorated,
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ensuring his place in history asthe big fellow who helped shape
modern Ireland.
His place in history as the bigfellow who helped shape modern
Ireland.
Each year, on the anniversaryof his death, glastonbury
Cemetery holds a remembranceceremony at his grave, where
many attend or leave flowers,often purchased from the
cemetery's own florist shop.
Surrounding him lay the gravesof at least 183 soldiers of the
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Irish Free State.
In 1967, their names wereetched into a memorial
encircling Collins' finalresting place, ensuring their
sacrifice would never beforgotten.
Close by, on the cemeterygrounds to Collins, is a friend
turned enemy, harry Boland.
Boland was a dedicated IrishRepublican, a man who fought for
(14:24):
Ireland's freedom, only to bestruck down in the bitter chaos
of a civil war.
A close friend of MichaelCollins and a loyal follower of
Iman de Valerie, boland foundhimself caught between two men,
two ideals and, ultimately, twobullets that ended his life.
Born in Dublin to a familysteeped in Irish nationalism.
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Boland followed the path of hisfather and his brothers into
the Irish Republican Brotherhood.
A man of many talents, he oncerefereed an all-Ireland football
final.
But his true calling wasrevolution.
He fought on the Easter Rising,was imprisoned and, upon his
release, became a key figure inthe Schinfens' political
(15:06):
resurgence.
Elected as an MP in 1918, bolin,like his comrades, refused to
sit in Westminster and insteadpledged allegiance to the First.
O De Valery sent him to Americato gather support for the cause
, where he played a shadowy gameof diplomacy and finance,
securing a $20,000 loan fromSoviet Russia paid with Russian
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jewels smuggled back to Ireland.
Through it all, he was at theside of Michael Collins, the
brother-in-arms who would laterbecome his enemy.
When the treaty split Ireland,it also split the friendship.
Boland, unwavering in hisRepublican ideals, stood against
Collins and the Free State.
Yet even as war loomed, herefused to take up arms against
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his old friend, stating it'sgoing to be war and I'm not
going to fire on Mick.
So I can't fire on any ofMick's men.
But war doesn't spare those whotry to stay neutral.
On the night of the 31st in Julyof 1922, soldiers of the
National Army arrived at theScuri's Grand Hotel to arrest
him Unarmed.
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He resisted In the struggle.
He was sadly shot.
The exact details remainedmurky.
Accounts differ, motives arequestioned, but what is certain
is that he was left to bleedLingering for the day in St
Levinson's hospital on hisdeathbed.
His sister, kathleen, beggedhim to name his killer, but he
refused.
Harry Boland was buried inGlasnevin Cemetery, his coffin
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followed by the silent rakes ofthe Kulin, mabah, clan Miguel
and the Citizen Army Women'sSection.
The funeral procession carriedmore than just a body.
It carried the weight of ashattered movement, a revolution
that had turned on itself.
His grave, like so many of hisgeneration, became another
silent witness to the Kofs'Civil War.
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The friend of Collins, theright-hand band of DeValerie,
harry Boland was neither FreeState nor IRA.
When he died he was simply aman caught in the storm of
history, gunned down in a warbetween brothers.
Throughout Irish history and thefight for independence, there
was many men, but behind thestrong movement was also equally
(17:20):
strong women.
The Countess ConstanceMarqueves was an Irish
revolutionary politician,suffragist and socialist who
played a crucial role inIreland's fight for independence
.
She was the first woman electedto the UK Parliament in 1918.
Though in line with the SinnFéin policy, she refused to take
(17:41):
her seat.
She later became the Ministerfor Labour in the First Dow,
making her one of the firstwomen in the world to hold a
cabinet position.
Born Constance Scorbuth inLondon, she was raised in the
county Slidglow in the LysandellHouse, where her family,
despite being Anglo-Irishlandlords, showed a deep concern
for the welfare of theirtenants.
(18:02):
Inspired by her father'sgenerosity and her sister Eva's
activism, she developed a strongsense of justice.
She studied art in London andParis, where she met her future
husband, casimir Marquez, aPolish nobleman becoming the
Countess.
The couple settled in Dublin in1903, where Constance became
(18:23):
involved in the Irishnationalist and artistic circles
.
Marquez joined the Sinn Féinand founded Fianna Aran, a
nationalist youth organization.
She later became a leadingmember of the Irish Citizens'
Army, fighting alongside JamesConnolly in the 1916 Easter
Rising.
Stationed at St Stephen's Green, she's said to have fired on
(18:45):
British forces, making her oneof the most active female
combatants.
She was sentenced to death, buther sentence was communed to
life imprisonment due to hergender.
Released in 1917, she remainedcommitted to the fight for Irish
freedom.
Elected as an MP for Dublin StPatrick's in 1918, she joined
(19:05):
other Sinn Féin representativesin forming the First Dail.
She was appointed Minister forLabour, becoming the first
female cabinet minister inIreland.
She opposed the Anglo-IrishTreaty of 1921, siding with the
anti-treaty forces in the IrishCivil War.
She continued to serve as a DTmember of parliament and later
(19:26):
helped found the Fianna Fé in1926.
Margovis died in 1927 at the ageof 59, having given away her
remaining wealth to the poor.
She passed away in a publichospital ward, surrounded by
friends and comrades.
Though denied a state funeral,thousands lined the streets of
(19:46):
Dublin to pay their respects.
Remembered as Madame Marquevez,she remained an enduring symbol
of Ireland's revolutionarystruggle, inspiring generations
of activists and leaders.
Jeremiah O'Donovan Rosa was anunyielding Irish revolutionary
and leading figure in the IrishRepublican Brotherhood.
Born in Roscairberry, county,cork, he witnessed the
(20:09):
devastation of the Great Famine,an experience that fueled his
lifelong pursuit of Irishindependence.
He founded the Phoenix Nationaland Literary Society, a
precursor to the IRB, and becameone of the fiercest advocates
for physical, forcedrepublicanism.
Rosa's activism led to multiplearrests and in 1865 he was
(20:30):
sentenced to life imprisonmentfor treason.
Even in prison, he remaineddefiant, enduring harsh
conditions and prolongedisolation.
In 1869, while still behindbars, he was elected as MP for
Tipperary, but his election wasannulled due to his felony
conviction.
In 1870, as part of the CubaFive amnesty deal, he was exiled
(20:53):
to the United States.
From here he continued hisfight, becoming a key figure in
the Clan de Gael and foundingthe United Irishmen, a radical
newspaper.
He spearheaded the Fay andDynamite campaign in the 1880s,
a series of bombings on Britishsoil that struck fear into the
heart of the empire.
His actions made him infamous,even surviving an assassination
(21:17):
attempt in 1885.
Rosa remained a lifelongagitator for Irish freedom.
Though his health declined, hisfire never faded.
His death in 1915 became arallying cry for Irish
Republicans.
His body was brought back toIreland for burial in Glasnevin
Cemetery, where Patrick Pearcedelivered a thunderous oration
(21:39):
sealing Rosa's place in thepantheon of Irish martyrs.
His funeral was a grandspectacle, was a prelude to the
Easter Rising of 1916.
The words spoken over his graveunited, unfree shall never be
at peace echoed through history,marking him as a symbol of
unwavering defiance againstBritish rule.
(22:00):
Not all political figures inGlasnevin were without
controversy, which, consideringthe fiery nature of those we've
visited so far, have been.
That's saying a lot of our nextresident within.
Eamon de Valery, one ofIreland's most polarizing and
enduring political figures, wasa statesman whose career spanned
over six decades.
(22:21):
Born in New York in 1882 to anIrish mother and Spanish father,
de Valery was raised in BeeryCounty, limerick.
His early life was marked byacademic success and a deep
commitment to the Irish languageand culture, which later shaped
his vision for an independentIreland.
De Valery emerged as a keyfigure in the 1916 Easter Rising
(22:45):
, commanding forces at Bolin'sMill in Dublin.
Though sentenced to death, hislife was spared, largely due to
his American birth and theshifting political climate In
the years that followed.
He became the dominantpolitical force in Ireland,
first leading the Sinn Féin andlater helping found the Fianna
Fáil in 1926, after breakingwith the anti-treaty Republicans
(23:06):
.
His legacy is tightly woven intoIreland's struggle for
sovereignty.
De Valery fiercely opposed theAnglo-Irish Treaty of 1921,
which led to the partition ofIreland and the Irish Civil War.
His resistance to the treatypositioned him as the leader of
the anti-treaty fraction, thoughhe played a limited role in the
(23:27):
war itself.
After years in opposition, heascended to power in 1932 and
embarked on a mission to severIreland's remaining ties to
Britain, cultivating in the 1937Constitution, which established
Ireland as a de facto republicwith a strong Catholic ethos.
His tenure at Towsich spannedthree separate periods 1932-48,
(23:51):
1951-54, and 1957-59, making himIreland's longest-serving head
of the government.
His policies emphasizednational identity, economic
self-sufficiency and socialconservatism, often at the
expense of economic progress.
During World War II, hemaintained Ireland's neutrality,
(24:12):
a stance that earned him bothpraise and criticism.
His infamous gesture ofcondolences at the German
embassy upon Hitler's deathremained one of the most
controversial moments of hiscareer.
In 1959, de Valery stepped downas Tausich and was elected
president of Ireland, servingtwo terms until 1973.
(24:34):
He remained a towering figurein Irish policies even in his
final years.
De Valery died in 1975 at theage of 92 and was laid to rest
in Glasnevin Cemetery.
His grave, a stark yet imposingmonument, draws both admirers
and critics.
A fitting tribute to a man whohelped shape modern Ireland but
(24:56):
left behind a legacy of division, devotion and debate.
Luke Kelly, a voice that echoedthe soul of Dublin, remains one
of Ireland's most beloved folksingers.
Born into a working-classfamily in Sheriff Street in 1940
, his early years were steepedin music, storytelling and a
deep sense of social justicemusic, storytelling and a deep
(25:19):
sense of social justice.
Leaving school at 13, hetraveled to England where he
embraced folk music inspired byartists like Woody Guthrie and
Pete Seeger.
His time in the UK alsodeepened his political
convictions, aligning him withsocialist and trade union
movements.
Returning to Dublin in theearly 1960s, kelly became a
founding member of the Dubliners, a band that would
revolutionize Irish folk music.
(25:40):
His raw and impassioned voicebrought life to ballads like the
Rocky Road to Dublin ScornedNot His Simplicity and the
Haunting Raglan Road, a poem byPatrick Cavanaugh that Kelly
transformed into an iconic song.
His performances carried bothfire and sorrow, blending
powerful social commentary withthe energy of Dublin streets.
(26:03):
But fame took its toll.
Kelly struggled with alcoholand increasing health issues
throughout the 1970s.
His decline became painfullyevident when he collapsed on
stage in Cork in 1980.
A brain tumor was diagnosed and, though he bravely continued
performing, his conditionworsened.
He suffered memory loss,confusion and weakness, leading
(26:26):
him to withdraw from the publiceye.
On January 30, 1984, luke Kellypassed away at just 43 years
old.
His funeral drew thousands, atestament to the love and
admiration he inspired.
His final resting place inGlasnevin Cemetery bears a
simple yet profound inscriptionLuke Kelly, dubliner.
(26:47):
His voice may have beensilenced, but in Ireland's pubs,
streets and homes his songsstill rang out, carrying the
spirit of a man who sang notjust for himself but for the
people.
Charles Stuart Parnell, one ofthe most formidable political
figures of the 19th centuryIreland, is also within
Glasnevin Cemetery.
(27:07):
A nationalist leader and memberof Parliament, he steered the
Irish Parliamentary Party tohold the balance of power in the
British House of Commons duringthe turbulent years of the Home
Rule debates.
Revered for his skill inuniting constitutional, radical
and agrarian movements, he wasequally known for the dramatic
downfall that followedrevelations of his long-standing
(27:30):
affair.
Born into a privilegedAnglo-Irish Protestant family,
brunel became a champion of landreform, founding the Irish
National Land League in 1879.
His leadership was strategic.
He manipulated parliamentaryprocedures to force attention on
Irish issues and to wieldinfluence over British policies,
(27:52):
aligning himself with PrimeMinister William Gladstone in
the shared pursuit of home ruleand present in Killam and Gowell
.
In 1882 for his radicaltendencies, parnell emerged from
captivity a more measuredstatesman, negotiating the
Killam Treaty, which sought tocure agrarian violence in
exchange for tenant relief.
(28:12):
That same year, he reshaped theHome Rule League into the Irish
Parliamentary Party, the firstmodern political machine in
Britain, and turned it into adisciplined force.
By 1885, parnell's power wasundeniable.
His endorsement determined thefate of British governments, and
his influence forced the HomeRule onto the political agenda.
(28:34):
Even when accused of complicityin the infamous Phoenix Mark
murders, his name was ultimatelycleared when the Times'
allegations were exposed asforgeries.
Parnell's dominance ended notthrough politics but through
scandal.
In 1890, captain William O'Sheafiled for divorce, naming
Parnell as the co-respondent andrevealing his decade-long
(28:56):
affair with O'Shea's wife,catherine.
The affair enraged both theCatholic Church and
nonconformist British liberals,prompting Gladstone to withdraw
support from Parnell'sleadership.
Despite resistance, his partyfractured, leading to a bitter
split that crippled the HomeRule movement.
Shunned but defiant, parnellmarried Catherine in June of
(29:17):
1891, continuing his campaignfor reinstatement.
Despite failing health,exhausted, he succumbed to
pneumonia in October of thatyear at the age of 45.
Parnell's funeral drew over200,000 mourners to Glasnevin
Cemetery.
Though he was laid to restunder an unmarked slab of
Wicklow granite, his name neededno inscription.
(29:38):
His political legacy endured inthe eventual establishment of
an Irish self-governance, whilehis personal life became a
cautionary tale of power undoneby passion.
Even now, parnell's name isspoken with reverence and regret
.
Reverence and regret.
(29:59):
His death is commemorated eachyear on Ivy Day, a tradition
born from the simple tribute ofivy leaves left at his grave by
those who refuse to forget theuncrowned king of Ireland.
The cemetery serves as atestament to the evolving styles
of memorialization in Irelandover the past two centuries.
It showcases the stark toweringstone monuments of the
pre-1860s, the ornate Celticcrosses that emerged during the
(30:22):
Nationalist Revival movementfrom the 1860s to the 1960s, and
the underdrawn Italian marbleheadstones that have become
common in the late 20th century.
The Glaslevin Trust Florist,located on the cemetery grounds,
offers a heartfelt service forfamilies near and far.
Left ones from all across theworld can arrange for flowers to
(30:43):
be placed on the grave of theirrelatives, ensuring that no
resting place is left unadorned,no matter the distance.
The cemetery is encircled by ahigh stone wall, its silence
broken only by the loomingwatchtowers.
A grim testament to the dayswhen body snatchers haunted
Dublin In the 18th and early19th centuries.
(31:04):
Fresh graves were prime targetsfor those who stole the dead.
Their corpses sold to medicalschools under the cover of night
.
To defend the sanctity of theburied, armed watchmen stood
guard, their rifles ready.
To defend the sanctity of theburied, armed watchmen stood
guard, their rifles ready, whilebloodhounds prowled the grounds
.
Their howls a warning to anywho dared to disturb the
restless dead.
(31:24):
Yet some spirits seemed to defyeven the grip of time.
Behind the cemetery stands JohnKavanaugh's.
Known as the Gravediggers, orthose who labored among the dead
, which sought refuge and drink.
Gravediggers would announcetheir arrival with a shovel of
the earth against the pub's wall, an eerie ritual that lingers
in memory like an echo of thepast.
(31:45):
But it's not only the livingwho gather here.
Among the million souls buriedbeyond the wall, one seems
unable to leave A lonely figure.
An elderly man in a tweed suitappears at the bar quietly
nursing his pint.
No words, no recognition, onlythe slow, inevitable moment that
, when he rises, steps away andvanishes through the wall,
(32:08):
returning to the graveyard thatnever truly let him go.
In 2009, the Glasnevin Trust, incollaboration with the
Commonwealth War GravesCommission, undertook the task
of identifying the graves ofIrish service personnel who lost
their lives while serving inthe Commonwealth forces during
the two world wars.
Their names were inscribed ontwo memorials, which were
(32:35):
rededicated and relocated in2011.
Near the cemetery's mainentrance.
A cross of sacrifice was latererected as part of a joint
Irish-British commemorationmarking the centenary of the
First World War.
As of 2019, 215 service membersfrom both wars had been
identified and honored withinthe grounds, a place of sorrow
and remembrance.
The Angel's Plot is wheremiscarried and stillborn
children were laid to restwithin.
(32:56):
Out of deep respect, notourists pass through this area,
leaving it in solemn quiet.
In keeping with past traditions, mothers do not attend the
burials.
Fathers alone carry the tinycaskets to their final resting
place.
Although the graves remainunmarked, a stone memorial bears
the names of those lost toosoon.
The cemetery, however, ensuresthat every soul is remembered,
(33:19):
carefully recording the locationof each burial in its archives.
Recently, families have beengiven the option to place a
small plaque marking the exactspot where their child is buried
, offering a more personaltribute to their memory.
In 1993, a mass grave wasuncovered at the site of a
former Magdalene Laundryinstitution where so-called
fallen women were confined.
(33:40):
The discovery came after theconvent that operated the
laundry sold the land to aproperty developer.
The sisters arranged for theremains to be cremated and
reinterred in a mass grave atGlasshaven Cemetery, with the
cost of the reburial sharedbetween the convent and the
developer.
Glastonbury Cemetery ismaintained by the Dublin
Cemeteries Committee, overseeingits continuous expansion and
(34:03):
preservation.
Development remains an ongoingeffort, ensuring the cemetery
evolves while honoring its past.
A Catholic Mass is held everySunday at 9.45 am, led by parish
clergy.
Each summer, the annual busingof the graves takes place, a
tradition that has endured sincethe cemetery's founding in 1832
(34:24):
, a testament to the enduringconnection between the living
and the dead.
Given its vast history, it's nosurprise that Glasnevin Cemetery
, ireland's largest burialground, carries its share of
ghostly legends.
Among the most famous is not arestless spirit of the dead, but
that of a Newfoundland dog, thefaithful companion of Captain
(34:44):
John McNeill Boyd.
The dog is said to have refusedto leave its master's grave.
After Boyd perished in a searescue in 1861, ultimately
starving to death by his side,his spectral form is still
spotted wandering the cemeteryat night, forever searching for
its lost master.
Some have even claimed to seehim near Boyd's statue at St
(35:05):
Patrick's Cathedral, a silentguardian lingering between the
world of the living and the dead.
A cemetery with over 1 millionpeople must have some sort of
murder or tragedy too.
Right On a September evening in1852, sarah Marie Kirwan met a
grim fate on the desolate shoresof Ireland's Eye, a small
(35:27):
wind-battered island off thecoast of Dublin.
She arrived that day with herhusband, artist William Burke
Kirwan, on what seemed to be asimple outing he to sketch and
she to swim.
But when the boatmen returnedto collect them, only Kerwin
stood waiting.
His wife, he claimed, hadvanished into the sea.
Hours later her lifeless bodywas discovered, sprawled on the
(35:49):
rocks, bloodied and still.
At first, the whispers of anaccidental drowning were enough
to explain her death.
But time would unravel a darkertruth.
When her reins were exhumed,signs of manual asphyxiation
shattered the illusion ofmisfortune.
What could have been dismissedas tragedy was now murder.
The trial that followed was aspectacle.
(36:11):
During crowds to Dublin's GreenStreet Courthouse in December
of 1852, it was revealed thatKerwan, far from a grieving
husband, had long maintained asecond home in Sandymount with
his mistress, maria TeresaKenney and their eight children.
The prosecution painted achilling picture.
Sarah Marie had become anobstacle to be removed, a woman
(36:33):
erased so another life could belived freely.
Though defended by the feignedbarrister and MP Isaac Butt,
kerwin was found guilty,sentenced to death, his fate was
later softened to lifeimprisonment and transportation
after a plea from prominentcitizens, including ten doctors,
who insisted Sarah's deathcould still be explained by
(36:54):
drowning.
Banished to the imperialfortress colony of Bermuda,
kirwan toiled in the brutallabor camps of the Royal Naval
Dockyard where Irish convictshad been sent before him.
Meanwhile, the bleak cliffs ofIreland's Eye, once a place of
leisure, became a macabrelandmark, drawing morbid
sightseers eager to stand whereSarah Marie Kirwan had met her
(37:17):
cruel and lonely end.
Yet that's far from thestrangest story of Glasnevin to
come.
On July 31st in 1853, marieHiggins was laid to rest by her
husband, charlie Higgins, inwhat seemed to be a proper,
respectable funeral at the time.
Her husband honored her with atwo-day wake, typical of the
(37:37):
time, and a closed coffin andmourning coaches to the cemetery
.
In two years, that would allchange when a woman walked into
a solicitor's office on NassauStreet in Dublin and calmly
declared she was Marie Higgins.
In pure disbelief, no onebelieved her.
But it wasn't a joke.
Officials dug up her grave inGlasnevin Cemetery seeking
(37:58):
answers, cracking open hercoffin, discovering just soil
and stones within.
It turned out Maria had spentthe past two years hidden away
in a basement, all because herloving husband had convinced her
to fake her own death.
But why?
It was all down to money.
Maria had been left 500 poundsin a will, a serious chunk of
(38:20):
change at the time.
But there was one catch themoney would only be released
when she died, and rather thanto wait for that to happen,
naturally, charles Higginsdecided to speed up the process
without actually losing his wife.
He bribed a local doctor with10 pounds and a bottle of
whiskey to sign off on a fakedeath certificate.
Then, with a perfectly stagedfuneral and a coffin full of
(38:44):
dirt, he pulled off one of themost bizarre frauds in Dublin's
history.
But Maria had had enough.
After two years of hiding inthe shadows, she came clean,
exposing the entire scheme.
Maria managed to avoid going toprison, claiming she had acted
under her husband's influence.
Charles and his conspiratorsweren't so lucky, though.
(39:06):
They were convicted of fraudand locked up, and then, in the
ultimate twist, maria actuallydied years later, on July 24th
1871.
And this time it was for real.
Going right back to GlasnevinCemetery, just a stone's throw
away from the site of heroriginal fake funeral, maria
Higgins holds the strangest,most comical record of being the
(39:27):
only person ever buried inGlasnevin Cemetery twice.
It's worth mentioning thatGlasnevin Cemetery offers a
variety of tours, each tailoredto different interests, whether
it's history, notable women orthe more unusual stories of the
departed.
The on-site museum adds evenmore depth, with exhibits, a
cafe and a rotating schedule ofspecial events.
(39:49):
What's great is that allproceeds go right back into
preserving the cemetery,ensuring its history stays alive
.
If you can't make it toGlasnevin in person, the 2004
documentary One MillionDubliners offers a beautifully
crafted tour of the grounds.
But what truly makes the filmunforgettable is historian Shane
(40:09):
McThomas.
His passion for Glasnevin isundeniable, turning what some
might see as just a cemeteryinto a living, breathing part of
Ireland's history.
Every moment he's on the screenyou feel his deep love for the
grounds.
It's contagious and itcompletely reframes the way you
think of cemeteries and thestories they hold.
(40:29):
The film also highlights thatGlasnevin isn't just for those
in mourning.
It's a place for everyone, fromschoolchildren to lifelong
history buffs.
Tragically, shane McThomasnever got to see the finished
documentary, but in many ways itstands as a tribute to a man
who, through his tours andstorytelling, unknowingly
impacted so many lives, when aMillion Dubliners is available
(40:52):
to rent on Apple, amazon andYouTube.
As a gated keeper of stories, asilent witness to generations
lost and the echoes of itsresidents, of the lives they
left behind, glass 7 serves manyroles cultural, historical and
deeply personal.
Here, grief and memoryintertwine with the cold embrace
(41:13):
of stone and earth.
Some visit weekly, tendinggraves with quiet devotion,
whispering to those who can nolonger answer.
Others come not for loved onesbut for strangers, pausing
before names they never knew,offering silent acts of
remembrance.
Whether out of love, duty orreverence, each visitor leaves
behind a trace of somethinggreater, a connection to the
(41:36):
past, a recognition that thedead are never truly forgotten
and still alive within its gates, waiting for you to enter.
So I hope St Patrick's Daybecomes more than a day about a
man, but a nation full ofhistory, personal legacies of
women and men who helped shapeit into the Ireland we know
today, and historians like ShaneMcThomas who deserve a place of
(42:01):
remembrance.
The grave grind for GlasnevinCemetery was a cortando from
Unfiltered in Dublin.
For more honorary grinds in thearea, please visit the-grimcom.
For now we're closing the gateon Glasnevin Cemetery.
We hope you enjoyed our diginto history If you did
subscribe today to join us nexttime when we open the gate on
(42:24):
the Grimm.
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