15 - Urban Development and Comprehensive Planning

Urban development and comprehensive planning have been shaped by pioneering figures who introduced key principles in city planning and zoning. Harland Bartholomew was the first full-time city planner and developed detailed master plans for urban growth. Edward Bassett, known as the "father of zoning," authored New York City's first comprehensive zoning ordinance, setting the framework for modern zoning practices. Alfred Bettman helped establish the legality of zoning laws and co-created the "Comprehensive Plan" and "Capital Improvements Budget." Flavel Shurtleff co-founded the American City Planning Institute and authored the first widely used American city planning text. Sir Patrick Geddes emphasized holistic regional planning, integrating social, economic, and ecological aspects. Their contributions laid the foundation for structured, sustainable, and equitable urban environments that guide modern urban planning.