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October 2, 2024 18 mins

George Noory and author Bob Berman explore his findings on celestial events across the universe, if we will ever know what happened during the Big Bang, and the creation of new technology using quantum mechanics.

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Speaker 1 (00:00):
Now here's a highlight from Coast to Coast am on iHeartRadio.

Speaker 2 (00:05):
And welcome back to Coast to Coast George Nori with you,
Bob Berman with us. One of America's top astronomy writers,
author of twelve very popular books. He has contributed to
the popular night Watchman column for Discover for seventeen plus years,
and is a science editor and chief astronomer of the
Old Farmers Almanac. He also directed the summer astronomy program

(00:27):
at Yellowstone Park. He's been on The Today Show, David
Letterman's program, and here he is back on Coast to Coast. Hello, Robert,
how are you?

Speaker 3 (00:36):
Ah, George, great to be here, Thanks my pleasure.

Speaker 2 (00:39):
Are you still conducting the special Global Astronomy Tours?

Speaker 3 (00:45):
Yeah, yeah, I have Special interest tours.

Speaker 1 (00:47):
Yeah.

Speaker 3 (00:47):
We every year we take people to see the Northern
lights in Alaska and we go for wherever there's a
total teller eclips and we go to places like the
Ala Kama Desert. Just amazing astronomy stuff. Yeah, it's fun.

Speaker 2 (01:00):
I've noticed a lot of things on the web these
days with astronomy, But some of these pictures, Bob, don't
look like the real deal. What's going on there.

Speaker 3 (01:08):
Oh yeah, thanks for bringing that up. You know, it's
it's it's troubling because, yeah, you go on YouTube or
you know, I'm not even going to name sight. I'm
just we'll just say it the way you did. On
the web, you come across tons of nature and astronomy
pictures and they look I guess they look spectacular, but

(01:29):
they didn't look like anything that anyone has ever seen
or will see because they're fake. It's so easy to
photoshop these days. So there's there's rainbows that can't exist,
and and and hablo and suppose that halo's that the
circle above the sunset?

Speaker 1 (01:47):
And uh.

Speaker 3 (01:49):
A few tips of how to spot fakes, but most
of these things are fake. And it's a little crazy
because when I went to college studying stuff, there was
no real fake astronomy, and these days is just a
lot of clickbaita astronomy. I'm not even sure why.

Speaker 2 (02:08):
A How do people to tell the difference then between
the real and then unreal?

Speaker 3 (02:13):
Well, okay, one thing, a popular thing is rainbows. You'll
see all sorts of images showing rainbows and all sorts
of positions. One quick fakery is if you see a
sun like a sun setting and then a rainbow above it,
like forming an arch above the sunrise or the sunset.
Rainbows are always opposite the sun. And if you think

(02:35):
about it in your life experience, you know, you'll realize, oh, yeah,
that's true. Rainbows are always opposite of the sun. So
you can never point a camera at the sun and
see a rainbow at the same time. So any picture
that shows a rainbow and the sun setting in the
same picture, that's automatically sake. For example, so.

Speaker 2 (02:55):
What do you recommend people do to get their good stuff?
But the real stuff?

Speaker 3 (03:02):
You know, you don't learn astronomy or basic science, you know, overnight.
So there's no few words that I can suggest to
spot a fake. But since rainbows are popular fake images
on the web, just realize that a rainbow has to
be opposite the sun. And so if you see it

(03:24):
rainbow in an image, check out the lighting on the
other things in that picture, the lighting on clouds, lighting
on mountains, if there's mountains in the picture, and if
it's a genuine image or real picture, not a photoshop image,
the lighting should tell you which way the sun is
coming from, that the sun is coming from behind the

(03:46):
photographer behind the camera, not toward the camera. If you're
looking toward a rainbow, the light has to be the
sunlight has to be from behind you. So it's really
kind of as simple as that.

Speaker 2 (03:58):
How long have you been an astronomer?

Speaker 3 (04:00):
Well? Ever since I was a kid. I mean the
first thing I remember is being wheeled in some kind
of carriage I guess it must have been, and looking
up at the night sky. So I loved it. So
I was a kid, studied, of course in school, taught it.
Used to teach a college astronomy at Merritmount College here
in upstate New York, and so it's a life, lifetime thing.

(04:23):
How I became editor of a Discover magazine and a
columnist in astronomy, and now the editor of the Old
Farmer's Almanac the last thirty years is just I don't know.
I think good luck because it's fun and not everyone
gets to do that.

Speaker 2 (04:38):
So my father bought me a telescope when I was
a kid, and I just loved it. I grew up
in Detroit, Michigan, so I would take it out in
the winter time. Sometimes it was crystal clear twenty degrees
out at night, but it was just a marvelous thing.
And I will always remember Bob aiming it at Saturn,

(04:59):
and I saw the rings of Saturn with this little
three inch telescope, and I have never seen anything as
gorgeous as that in the sky.

Speaker 3 (05:11):
I know just what you're talking about, you know. I
still marvel at the at the at the moon. After
I didn't even want to say how many years reveal
how many years I have been doing this, but how what
the heck, it's about half a century. I've been looking
at them, and I have two observatories here in the
nice dark skies of upstate New York. And I'm still

(05:34):
not tired of the George. Still love exploring the lighting
because it changes every day on the moon.

Speaker 2 (05:41):
It really does. Yeah, can you help us with the
Big Bang theory, Bob, I don't I don't get I've
interviewed physicists, planetary experts. Nobody can tell me how things
started from nothing.

Speaker 3 (05:57):
Well, you just said it. If the Big Bang theory
is true, and there's a lot of evidence that it
must be true, it would mean that the universe started
from nothing. Now, come on, can you really get anything
from true nothingness? Isn't it against logic?

Speaker 1 (06:16):
Exactly.

Speaker 3 (06:18):
So we're left with a universe that since the nineteen
twenties we've known that everything's flying apart from everything else,
and the farther something is from us, the faster it
is flying away. In fact, I can even give the
figure of people, like anyone out there likes math, for
every million light years farther from Earth that you are,

(06:38):
things are flying away thirteen miles a second faster. Think
of that speed, thirteen miles per second. That's pretty fast.
So every million light years further from Earth, things are
going thirteen miles per second faster. That means you can
just sort of trace everything back and everything must have
been in one place at one time. That time was

(07:00):
thirteen point eight billion years ago, So that shows us
the Big Bang or something started the universe expanding. It
was all in one spot thirteen point eight billion years ago,
and it's been expanding ever since. Also, if the Big
Bang is real, there ought to be a left over
a signal or radiation as some call it, heat two

(07:22):
point seventy three degrees of heat coming from the entire
sky evenly, and there is. We discovered that in the
nineteen sixties, so that supports it. Also, if the Big
Bang was real, the universe ought to have a about
the concentration of hydrogen, helium, and lithium, the three lightest
elements that it actually does. So, George, all that evidence

(07:47):
is pretty much proof that the Big Bang really happened.
But as you just said very correctly, that means that
the universe started from nothingness. And how can anything start
from nothingness?

Speaker 2 (08:01):
That's what I don't get that.

Speaker 3 (08:03):
I just don't The reason all your astrophysicists are saying
things that don't make sense is that if you really
follow the truth is the Big Bang had to have happened,
and the Big Bang couldn't have happened.

Speaker 2 (08:16):
Do they bring God into the equation?

Speaker 3 (08:20):
Well, well, some do. There's astronomers that are atheists, like
Neil degras Tyson. He lectures for atheist organizations and loves
to talk about how religion sets back astronomy, and you know,
I understand his being upset. I'm still not over. I
remember I was a teenager when I first read a

(08:41):
first time to count from the year sixteen hundred about
this poor guy named Giudano Bruno in the year sixteen
hundred who has burned at the stake and their are
eyewitnesses that talks about his screams. I mean, this is
horrible stuff. And all he had done really was say
things like there might be life on planets around other stars,

(09:04):
which kind of everyone says these days. But he said
that back then, so he was ahead of his time,
and for that they burned him at the stake. So
I don't blame anybody for being anti religion if that's
what religions did to scientists. But on the other hand,
people like Neilde Gresseeisen get upset if you believe that

(09:25):
there's some kind of intelligence underlying the universe, that okay,
we can I don't mind the word god. I'm not
bothered by Some people are because they had bad experiences
I guess in church when there were kids or something.
But it doesn't bother me any But you know what
I mean, George, If you open the window and you

(09:46):
look out the window at nature, doesn't it seem as
if like there's a smart that nature is smart, that
there's intelligence out there. It seems obvious. Even people say
things like you can't fool the mother nature, you know.
I think everybody sort of thinks that nature has intelligence
behind it. And if there's intelligence that's everywhere in the universe.

(10:09):
We have a worship that we call that God. I mean,
there's other attributes we can also say about it, and
I don't have a problem with that.

Speaker 2 (10:18):
Is it conceivable that we will really never get the answer? Uh?

Speaker 3 (10:24):
You know, I think it depends. There there are states.
Now this is going to sound a little weird if
you'll just bear with me a little bit on this.
In the about half the world is Hindu and Buddhists,
and they believe that there is a state of perception
or state of mind, or a state of experience in
which you actually experience the truth of reality of the universe.

(10:48):
They call that realization or enlightenment or satory or somebody
or nirvana. There's a lot of words for it, or
cosmic consciousness or God consciousness, a million words for its. Supposedly,
saints in the West and in the East over the
centuries have experienced it, and ordinary people have experienced it.

(11:09):
And if you actually experience this state of consciousness, but
it's not logic. We're not talking about figuring this stuff
out logically. We're talking about actually being in a different
state of consciousness, then you know the truth of the
universe and know that there's no such thing as death actually,

(11:29):
and know that time doesn't exist, and all sorts of
stuff that just sounds crazy when you put it into words. So, yes, George,
I think you can know the truth behind the universe,
but not through logic, not through figuring it out, not
through science. I mean, science is great at what it does.
If you want to build a bridge, you don't use
Eastern religion, you use science. If you want to figure

(11:52):
out how to build the best jetliner, you use science.
But if you really want to know the truth behind
the universe, whether God exists, whether whether time exists, whether
there's really such thing as death, or what happens after life,
then then you're not going to just use science or

(12:13):
logic or math. No, then you meet something else.

Speaker 2 (12:17):
What would you say, might be the single most amazing
scientific fact that nobody really has been aware of.

Speaker 3 (12:26):
Okay, this is what I'm going to say now is
really real. And I don't think one person in a
foundsand knows it. And that is in vision. When we're
looking at anything using our vision of course, our language,
and even what is taught to kids at school, is

(12:47):
that anything you look at, let's say you're looking across
the room. Right now, Let's say you're indoors or driving
in a car and you're looking at something. We all
assume that what we're seeing is thought our bodies in
the distance, maybe a few feet away, maybe following, and
that any colors that we see are really out there,

(13:09):
and that the eyes are like clear glass windows that
let those colors in so that we experienced them. But
science tells us something that nobody seems to be aware of,
and that is there really are no colors out in
the real universe. Now how do we know this? Because

(13:30):
what light is We haven't known this for a long time,
more than a century, but not beyond that light is
made up of electrical pulses and at ninety degrees to
it magnetic pulses. So light are electric and magnetic bits
of energy. In fact, we even call it electromagnetic energy.

(13:53):
So red light, blue light, green light, whatever is really
pulses of electricity and magnetism. All right, now, the eye
is blind. The human eye can't see magnetism. We know
that the eye can't see electricity. We know that too,
So the eye really can't see what light really is

(14:15):
real light, And we call those photons, little bits of
lighter called photons, don't have color or brightness. They have
magnetic and electrical energy. And what happens is that when
this reaches the retinas of our eyes. The retinas are
head and there's three different types of cone shaped retinal selves.

(14:37):
They're stimulated by that energy. It creates kind of heavy
duty signals that go into our brain, and our brains
create a experience because of that in our brains. And
this is just not my idea, although it sounds crazy
because somehow people don't know this. If you open any
physiology book, even just basic college phys theology book about

(15:01):
the vision, it'll say that in the brain, especially near
the back of the brain, the occipt the lobe of
the brain, that's where colors are created and perceived. So
when we see red and blues and greens, all of
that is being created just in the brain, and they're

(15:24):
not it's not really out there. So if you if
you tell somebody that science tells us that the sky
isn't really blue, that it has it's either blank or
black because real light, photons of light are only magnetic
and electrical impulses which we can see, and that the
mind or the brain, if you prefer, is what responds

(15:48):
to that by creating sensations of color. So the world
that we see is in our brains or in our minds.
And that means, and this is going to sound really
like almost kookie and crazy, that when we look around us,
all the brightnesses and colors that we see are really
the inside of our own brains. Now that does mean

(16:10):
they're not real. Nobody's saying that that's not real what
we're seeing. What it does sort of is blurs the
difference between the internal and the external. We're not when
we see a visual world, we're not really seeing an
external universe. We're seeing really the inside of our own minds,

(16:31):
because that's the only place that colors exist. Now, scientists
realized this, not everyone, but most scientists. Isaac Newton knew
this four hundred years ago, which is really amazing, because
how the heck could he have known that colors come
from the brain. I don't even understand how he knew that.
But he wrote a little piece that he called the

(16:52):
rays like rays of light, the rays are not colored.
He actually wrote that, So he knew that of stuff
four hundred years ago. And I think that's the single
most truth scientifically, that's basic truth. People who study physiology,

(17:13):
how vision works, how the brain works, knows this and
knows that colors are only in the brain. They're not
in the outside world. And probably not one person in a.

Speaker 2 (17:24):
Thousand knowsis you say that those who created the quantum theory,
those people about a century ago stumbled into something about
the universe. What was that?

Speaker 3 (17:36):
Yeah, these guys were really really smart, I mean lot
smarter than me. We were talking about people like we
started with Max Plank and Heisenberg and Werner Heisenberg and
when Schrodinger and I mean we use quantum mechanics. That's

(17:58):
been probably the truest uh science theory ever. You know,
everybody knows about Einstein and mass and energy being the
same and equals mc square, and give Einstein lots of credit,
but it's quantum mechanics that's responsible for the transistor and
for for for for more technological achievements than anything else.

Speaker 1 (18:19):
Listen to more Coast to Coast a m every weeknight
at one a m. Eastern and go to Coast to
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