Types of Trauma in Childhood
Childhood trauma can be intentional (abuse, neglect) or unintentional (caregivers unable to meet the child's needs due to issues like depression or addiction).
Trauma affects children physically, emotionally, cognitively, and relationally, causing a sense of insecurity and powerlessness.
Physical and Emotional Trauma
Physical trauma includes abuse or neglect, while emotional trauma involves lack of emotional validation or support, which hinders a child's emotional development.
Emotional neglect prevents children from learning to identify, regulate, and cope with their feelings.
Cognitive Trauma and Environmental Disruption
Cognitive trauma can result from gaslighting or parental alienation.
Environmental trauma occurs when a child experiences sudden, drastic changes such as losing their home or a stable living situation.
Impact of Trauma on Different Stages of Childhood
In early childhood, children lack the skills to survive on their own, leading to a profound sense of disempowerment when their needs are not met.
During adolescence, children gain more independence but still seek guidance, and trauma can severely impact their emotional regulation and impulse control.
Egocentric and Concrete Thinking in Children
Young children use egocentric, all-or-nothing, emotion-based reasoning. They cannot distinguish that a caregiver's actions are unrelated to their own worthiness.
This thinking leads to personalization, where children believe their needs are unmet because they are unlovable.
Trauma's Effect on the Brain and Body
Childhood trauma alters brain development and body responses, leading to hypervigilance, emotional dysregulation, and chronic stress.
Trauma survivors are at greater risk for stress-related illnesses and mental health issues later in life.
Emotional and Behavioral Symptoms
Trauma survivors often struggle with impulsivity, anxiety, depression, and difficulty regulating emotions.
Emotional dysregulation results in either flat or extreme reactions, and trauma may lead to impulsivity or behaviors mimicking ADHD symptoms.
Healing and Reprogramming the Brain
Healing involves reducing physical and emotional stress, learning distress tolerance skills, and using fact-based reasoning to counter emotion-based reactions.
Trauma survivors must work on recalibrating their nervous system to reduce hypervigilance and build a sense of safety and empowerment.
Addressing Cognitive Distortions
Survivors must confront cognitive distortions like personalization and overgeneralization, which perpetuate fear and helplessness.
Reframing these thoughts and focusing on the present context is essential for recovery.
Developing Boundaries and Self-Trust
Trauma survivors often struggle with boundaries and trust due to past experiences of neglect or control.
Building mindful awareness of personal needs and asserting boundaries is crucial for emotional healing and relationship development.
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