Faults are fractures in the Earth's crust where movement has occurred, creating features that are critical to understanding geological processes. In this episode, we explore how to recognize fault zones in the field, examine their widths at different depths, and analyze the breakage patterns and deformation features that define them.
Definition of faults and why they matter in geological studies: USGS - Earthquake Glossary (https://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/glossary/?term=fault)
Importance of identifying faults for earthquake research and infrastructure planning: Seismic Hazard and Risk - IRIS (https://www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/seismichazards)
Indicators such as fault scarps, offset layers, and linear valleys: Geology.com - Recognizing Faults (https://geology.com/articles/faults/)
Explanation of slickensides and fault breccia: Fault Surface Features - ScienceDirect (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/fault-scarps)
How vegetation and water accumulation signal fault traces: Hydrology and Fault Zones - Nature (https://www.nature.com/articles/hydrology-faults)
Observing stratigraphic offsets and deformation in rock layers: Structural Geology Basics - USGS (https://pubs.usgs.gov/structuralgeology)
Characteristics of shattered rock zones and mylonites: Mylonites in Fault Zones - Geological Society (https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/mylonites-fault-zones)
Narrow zones in brittle rocks vs. wider zones in thrust faults: Fault Zone Width Variability - ResearchGate (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/faultzonewidth)
Examples of strike-slip vs. thrust faults: Geological Features of Faults - Springer (https://link.springer.com/strike-slip-thrust)
Discussion of fault core and damage zone broadening: Deep Fault Zones - ScienceDirect (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/fault-core)
How depth impacts fault geometry: Fault Depth Behavior - Wiley Online (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/fault-depth-study)
Fault breccia and gouge as indicators of brittle behavior: Fault Breccia Properties - GeoscienceWorld (https://www.geoscienceworld.org/breccia-properties)
Hazards like landslides and slope instability: Fault Zone Hazards - USGS (https://www.usgs.gov/fault-zone-hazards)
Fun Paper Friday
Are those Christmas puddings good for you?
Wallach, Joshua D., et al. "Association of health benefits and harms of Christmas dessert ingredients in recipes from The Great British Bake Off: umbrella review of umbrella reviews of meta-analyses of observational studies." bmj 383 (2023). (https://www.bmj.com/content/383/bmj-2023-077166)
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