March 6, 2025 • 30 mins
Wyatt Earp's transformation from faro dealer to legendary lawman unfolds through his pivotal years in Dodge City, Kansas. Fresh from his stint in Wichita, Earp arrived in 1876 with companion Celia Ann "Maddy" Blaylock and quickly secured a position as Deputy Marshal. His duties extended far beyond apprehending criminals to include mundane civic maintenance tasks that rarely make it into romanticized Western narratives.
The podcast reveals fascinating gaps in Earp's documented history, particularly his 1877 venture to gold-rush Deadwood. Rather than prospecting, Earp's entrepreneurial instincts led him to establish a lucrative firewood business during the bitter Dakota winter, charging $12 per cord with desperate gamblers offering up to $50 during extreme conditions. This shrewd business acumen showcases a dimension of Earp seldom highlighted in traditional accounts.
Perhaps most consequential was Earp's chance meeting with Doc Holliday while pursuing outlaw Dave Rudabaugh in Fort Griffin, Texas. This seemingly random encounter would forge one of the West's most famous partnerships. Upon returning to Dodge City as assistant marshal in 1878, Earp became embroiled in escalating tensions with Texas cowboys, culminating in the controversial shooting of George Hoy and a reported confrontation with notorious gunman Clay Allison. Surprisingly, contemporary accounts suggest Earp may have avoided direct confrontation with Allison's gang, contradicting later heroic narratives and highlighting the complex relationship between historical reality and Western mythology.
Don't miss our upcoming interview with Peter Brand, acclaimed author of multiple works on Wyatt Earp and Tombstone. Connect with us on Facebook at facebook.com/wildwestpodcast for announcements and join our exploration of the authentic American West beyond the silver screen legends.
"Edward Masterson and the Texas Cowboys," penned by Michael King, takes readers on an exhilarating ride through the American West, focusing on the lively and gritty cattle town of Dodge City, Kansas. This thrilling dime novel plunges into the action-packed year of Ed Masterson's life as a lawman, set against the backdrop of the chaotic cattle trade, filled with fierce conflicts, shifting loyalties, and rampant lawlessness. You can order the book on Amazon.
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Speaker 1 (00:15):
In 1876, wyatt Earp moved to Dodge City, Kansas, a
town known for its thrivingcattle trade and wild frontier
undercurrent.
Upon his arrival, he took onthe role of a farrow dealer, a
popular gambling game of thetime.
He was accompanied by Celia AnnMaddy Blaylock, a woman he had
(00:41):
met during his previous stint inWichita.
Together, they entered athriving community that was
rapidly evolving, characterizedby the frenetic energy of
cowboys, traitors and variousother colorful characters.
Shortly after settling in DodgeCity, earp's reputation from
(01:11):
Wichita preceded him, enablinghim to secure a position as
Deputy Marshal under MarshalLarry Dacre.
This appointment came swiftly,reflecting his prior experience
(01:32):
and the urgent need for capablelaw enforcement in a town beat
down with lawlessness.
The Wichita newspaper theBeacon recognized Earp's new
role, proclaiming on May 24,1876, wyatt Earp has been put on
the police force at Dodge City.
However, the documentation fromthis period revealing the
(01:58):
details of Earp's work as adeputy from 1876 to 1877 is
surprisingly sparse.
Dodge City, often called Queenof the Cow Towns, was notorious
for its lively and unsettledcircumstances.
Its grating economy attracteddiverse outlaws and unsavory
characters, necessitating lawmenof considerable mettle,
(02:24):
qualities that Wyatt Earpundoubtedly embodied.
Yet the responsibilitiesassociated with being a deputy
marshal extended beyond simplyapprehending criminals.
They also included tasks thatwould seem mundane by comparison
.
Earp's duties could involveeverything from mending the
wooden sidewalks typical ofwestern towns to ensuring that
(02:45):
the streets remained free ofstray dogs and the remains of
dead animals, all of whichcontributed to maintaining a
basic level of civility in sucha chaotic environment.
By April of 1877, however,references to Earp as part of
the Dodge City Police Forcebecame noticeably absent.
(03:07):
This record cap has led tospeculation among historians,
with some suggesting that Wyattmay have ventured to Deadwood,
south Dakota, during this period, seeking new opportunities and
a change of scenery amid theuncertainties of frontier life.
And a change of scenery amidthe uncertainties of frontier
life?
Stuart Lake indicated that arecurring theme in Wyatt Earp's
(03:29):
life was his wanderlust,characterized by a desire for
exploration and wealth.
The gold discovery in the BlackHills of Dakota proved
irresistible to him, promptingWyatt and his brother Morgan to
depart from Dodge City forDeadwood on September 9, 1876.
(03:49):
They traveled in a wagon drawnby a well-matched four-ly
journey toward the rugged hillsof the Black Hills region,
(04:12):
ultimately arriving in Deadwood.
This frontier settlement wasteeming with a diverse mix of
prospectors, miners, promotersand hopeful fortune seekers
drawn by the allure of gold.
As they surveyed the atmosphereand the myriad of ambitious
individuals vying for theirpiece of the American dream,
(04:35):
morgan Earp carefully weighedthe circumstances surrounding
Deadwood.
Recognizing the impendingharshness of winter and the
challenges it could bring, hemade the decision to return to
Dodge City.
In stark contrast, wyatt saw aripe opportunity in Deadwood to
capitalize on the thriving golddust market, particularly at the
(05:04):
gaming tables of the localsaloons known for their
high-stakes gambling.
His astute nature and flair forgaming led him to believe he
could improve the situation,potentially enhancing his
fortune.
Interestingly, accounts fromSeth Bullock's son indicate that
the Earp brothers were notsolely focused on striking it
rich through gold mining.
Instead, Wyatt was approachedby a group of influential
(05:28):
figures in Deadwood who soughttheir assistance as muscle.
This group wanted Wyatt to helpprotect and manage various
mining claims, bringing theirrenowned reputation for
toughness and law enforcement tothe chaotic landscape of
Deadwood.
(05:50):
Wyatt Earp described his winterin Deadwood for biographer
Stuart N Lake.
The man I rented a stable fromowned a timbered hillside a few
miles from town.
He had been cutting and pilingwood during the fall, expecting
to sell it when winter arrived.
However, like many others inthe camp, he had overlooked the
(06:19):
transportation issue.
Sensing a potential fuelshortage, I secured the wood
supply with a contract to paythe owner $2 per cord at his
property.
Since most of the wood wasdeadfall, he made a good profit.
I constructed a wagon boxmounted on wheels or runners
that could carry two cords perload and hired a man to help me
load and unload it for $2 pertrip.
(06:40):
Buyers were responsible fortheir own piling.
I could haul four loads,sometimes five, which meant I
could transport eight or tencords daily.
I sold the wood and deadwoodfor $12 per cord, collecting
cash up front before unloading.
Every load was contracted inadvance and often I drove down
(07:03):
the main street of the camp withmen running alongside offering
bids of $20, $30, or even $50per cord for what I was
obligated to sell at myagreed-upon price.
I charged tire premiums forextraordinary night hauls.
Once a man woke me up in themiddle of the night asking for
(07:24):
wood to keep a large poker gamegoing until morning.
He paid $100 per cord and $10for my helper.
The thermometer read 40 belowzero that night and a 40-mile
northwest wind was howling.
In the spring of 1877, wyattEarp explored the hills in
(07:48):
Deadwood, where he confirmedthat all promising gold claims
had already been staked.
Reports suggest that Earp lefttown following a disagreement
with Seth Bullock, the localsheriff.
He sold his team and proceededto the stage office to reserve a
(08:08):
seat on the Cheyenne stage.
Wells Fargo agent Grayperceived Wyatt's departure as a
resolution of his challenge ofsecurely transporting the spring
cleanup from the gold mines.
In response, he posted abulletin on the door of the
Wells Fargo office.
Notice to bullion shippers thespring cleanup will depart for
(08:31):
Cheyenne on the regular stage at7 o'clock am next Monday.
Wyatt Earp from Dodge will rideshotgun.
Over $200,000 worth of gold wasshipped out of Deadwood on this
trip, with Wyatt Earpaccompanying it in the boot of
the stagecoach.
Earp later reflected I was atraveling arsenal that morning.
(08:56):
The stagecoach reached Cheyennearound 4 o'clock on Wednesday
afternoon, maintaining thesafety of every ounce of gold
throughout the journey.
Although there were no driverchanges during the 300-mile trip
, wyatt remained on dutycontinuously.
Wells Fargo covered his fareand paid him $50 for his
(09:18):
services.
Effectively marketing WyattEarp's return to law enforcement
activities.
Marketing Wyatt Earp's returnto law enforcement activities.
In July of 1877, wyatt Earpreturned to Dodge City, kansas,
and was now a private citizen.
His return to town wasanticipated, but it soon took a
(09:42):
turn, when he was in a heatedconfrontation with a spirited
and unruly woman, miss FrankieBell.
The incident, charged withtension, caught the attention of
the local press and the DodgeCity Times captured the details
in their edition published onJuly 21, 1877, recounting the
clash between the infamouslawman and the defiant woman
(10:15):
Miss Frankie Bell, who wears thebelt for superiority and point
of muscular ability, heapedepithets upon the unoffending
head of Mr Earp to such anextent as to provoke a slap from
the ex-officer, besidescreating a disturbance of the
quiet and dignity of the city,for which he received a night's
(10:35):
lodging in the doghouse and areception at the police court
next morning, the expense ofwhich was about $20.
Wyatt Earp was assessed thelowest limit of the law, $1.
In November 1877, theadventurous Wyatt Earp departed
(10:58):
from Dodge City, kansas,compelled by the urgent need to
track down the notorious outlawDave Rudabaugh.
Rudabaugh had recently manageda daring robbery at a Santa Fe
Railroad construction camp,swiftly fleeing southward
towards Texas, rudabaugh wasmentioned in the area north of
Abilene, at Fort Griffin, wherehe grew up alongside the
(11:22):
military fort of the same name.
Where he grew up alongside themilitary fort of the same name.
There he is rumored to havebeen part of an area gang that
committed robberies and cattlerustling.
In recognition of hisdetermination and skills, earp
was appointed a temporary deputyUS Marshal.
He embarked on a gruelingjourney that spanned over 400
(11:43):
miles toward Fort Griffin, texas.
His target, the elusiveRudebaugh, who had settled there
shortly before his arrival.
Fort Griffin was a lively andsignificant waypoint on the
cattle trail, pulsating with theenergy of cowboys and buffalo
(12:05):
hunters, the Cattlemen's Cattle,doc Holliday Wyatt, earp
himself and lawman Pat Garrett,to name a few, who often mingled
(12:29):
with the community, adding tothe town's reputation as a haven
for criminals.
At its peak, fort Griffinboasted a population of around
1,000 residents who enjoyedvarious domestic services, such
as cozy boarding houses, livelylivery stables, fragrant
bakeries, quaint barbershops andeven its own newspaper to keep
(12:53):
the locals informed.
The nearby military fort,operational between 1867 and
1881, contributed to the area'sstrategic importance and lively
atmosphere.
Earp entered Fort Griffin andwent to the sal's strategic
importance and lively atmosphere.
Earp entered Fort Griffin andwent to the saloon owned by his
(13:14):
old acquaintance John Shancy.
Shancy welcomed Earp, sharingthat Rudabaugh had graced his
establishment but had since madea hasty exit.
With a knowing look, shancysuggested that Earp speak with a
solitary figure seated in adimly lit corner, a man who had
recently played cards withRudabaugh and might hold
valuable information.
Though Rudabaugh had slippedaway, earp initiated a lively
(13:40):
conversation with the shady DocHolliday, exchanging tales of
Dodge City.
Holliday showed a rivetinginterest in Earp's numerous
escapades.
After spending nearly a monthin Fort Griffin, earp set off
for Fort Clark, texas, where thelocal newspaper noted his
presence on the frontier inJanuary 22, 1878.
(14:02):
1878.
The community of Dodge Cityhummed with excitement as, on
May 14th of that year, the localTimes reported Earp's
appointment as assistant marshal.
This role was officiallyconfirmed on June 4th, complete
(14:23):
with a respectable monthlysalary of $75, once again
solidifying his standing in lawenforcement.
In July of 1878, a significantand chaotic incident unfolded
involving a Texas cowboy namedGeorge Hoy, whose intoxicated
(14:47):
state led him to create a publicdisturbance in the town.
Hoy, armed and inebriated,began firing his pistol
recklessly into the air,alarming townsfolk and creating
panic among the local population.
The commotion drew theimmediate attention of law
enforcement officers Wyatt Earpand Jim Masterson.
(15:11):
Upon arriving at the scene,earp and Masterson swiftly took
action to subdue the volatilesituation.
As Hoy attempted to escape thescene on horseback.
He was pursued by Earp, jimMasterson and an unidentified
bystander who also joined theskirmish.
Tensions escalated as gunfireerupted, with the three men
(15:35):
firing at Hoy to stop hisreckless behavior and prevent
further harm to innocentbystanders.
During the chaotic exchange,one of the bullets struck Hoy,
causing him to lose control andtumble from his horse.
The impact of the fall,combined with the severity of
his gunshot wound, led tosignificant medical
(15:58):
complications, which ultimatelyresulted in his death.
The precise identity of theperson who delivered the fatal
shot has been a topic of debateamong historians, with some
attributing it to Wyatt Earp,marking a pivotal moment in his
early career as a lawman.
The incident not only markedEarp's first confirmed kill, but
(16:22):
also set a troubling precedenthighlighting the increasingly
violent clashes between lawenforcement and Texas Cowboys as
tensions simmered in Dodge City.
This confrontation foreshadowedsimilar events that would occur
in the coming days, reflectingthe ongoing struggle for control
(16:48):
and lawfulness in theunpredictable environment of
Dodge City.
In the summer of 1878, dodgeCity faced notable challenges
related to law enforcement.
The Ford County Globe reportedextensively on the police
department's struggles to managea surge in criminal activities
such as theft, con artistry androbbery.
(17:10):
These articles raised concernsabout the possibility that some
police officers may have beencomplicit in shielding these
criminals.
This situation contributed togrowing public frustration over
the lack of effective actionagainst Tin Horn gamblers and
other offenders.
Following the newspaper report,a meeting was convened among
(17:34):
the townspeople of Dodge City toaddress their concerns over the
lack of action taken by localofficers in response to the
rising criminal activity in thearea.
In response to the risingcriminal activity in the area,
the situation had escalated to apoint where even the Dodge City
Times, a publication typicallysupportive of local authorities,
(17:54):
began to question theeffectiveness of forming a grand
jury to tackle these issues.
This reflects the growingdissatisfaction among residents
regarding the handling of crimein their community.
Amid escalating pressure fromthe community, law enforcement
began to implement a markedlymore aggressive strategy for
(18:18):
dealing with unruly cowboys.
This strategic shift, whichbecame known as buffaloing,
marked a significant change inthe way police interacted with
cattle herders, allowingofficers to confront these
individuals with increasedboldness and, at times, even
with a sense of impunity.
The catalyst for this newapproach was the highly
(18:42):
controversial incident involvingGeorge Hoy.
During this incident, hoytragically lost his life due to
a gunshot wound inflicted by apolice officer, an event that
not only raised seriousquestions about police conduct,
but also intensified thesimmering hostilities between
the law enforcement communityand local cattlemen.
(19:04):
In an attempt to shed light onthese contentious interactions,
the Globe published a revealingarticle detailing the ongoing
intimidation tactics employed bypolice against herders.
The report highlighted thetroubling reality that officers
faced minimal consequences fortheir aggressive behavior.
(19:25):
That officers faced minimalconsequences for their
aggressive behavior.
This not only fueled publicoutrage, but also widened the
chasm of distrust between thehurting community and law
enforcement, furthercomplicating an already tense
situation.
As the dynamic shifted, bothsides braced themselves for the
potential fallout that couldarise from this escalating
(19:48):
conflict.
On August 6, 1878, the Globepublished an article criticizing
an unnamed officer for hisviolent treatment of a Mexican
prisoner named Guadalupe Flores.
(20:08):
The article condemned theofficer for striking Flores with
a six-shooter while he wasallegedly defenseless.
Flores had been arrested forbeing drunk and disorderly and
had pleaded guilty to the charge.
However, after reviewing thecircumstances of his arrest, the
Dodge City Police Courtultimately found him not guilty
(20:32):
and ordered his release.
This decision suggested thatthe court recognized the
excessive force he had alreadyendured at the hands of the
police.
This incident highlighted thecommunity's ongoing concern
regarding the treatment ofindividuals by law enforcement
officials during that time.
(20:53):
At the same time, the Texascattlemen were outraged over
their men's perceivedmistreatment and were determined
to take a stand.
In a letter from Lewistown,montana, a cowboy, pink Sims,
wrote A drunken cowboy has beenshot to death while firing a
(21:19):
pistol into the air in thestreets of Dodge.
He either worked for or was afriend of Clay Allison.
He either worked for or was afriend of Clay Allison.
Others had been robbed, shot orbeaten with revolvers and the
cowmen were furious about it.
It was said that the marshalswere merely pimps, gamblers and
saloon keepers.
They had disarmed the cowboys,leaving them harmless.
(21:44):
If a cowboy became too unrulyor managed to get a gun, he
would be shot down with shotguns.
Allison was prepared to protestthe treatment of his men and of
course, the tough old Clay wasready to back his arguments with
violence.
The charged atmosphere in Dodgemade an explosive situation
(22:08):
very likely.
When Robert Andrew Clay Allisonarrived in Dodge City, he was
already a prominent figure inthe West.
The Kinsley graphic on December14, 1878 provided a description
(22:29):
of him stating Clay Allison,well known on the frontier and
in western Kansas, but evenbetter known in western Texas
for his daring deeds andnumerous clashes involving
knives and firearms, has been intown for several days this week
.
His appearance is striking.
He is tall, straight as anarrow, dark-complexioned, and
(22:53):
carries himself easily andgracefully.
He is gentlemanly and courteousin manner never revealing, by
word or action, the history ofhis eventful life.
Allison had an extensive listof notches on his belt, which
included encounters with notablefigures such as Chunk Colbert,
(23:14):
a reputed killer, franciscoGrigo, another notorious
gunfighter, and Charles Fabre,an officer from Los Animas.
Fabre, an officer from LosAnimas.
Many stories about his exploitsexist, some based on fact and
(23:37):
others possibly exaggerated.
However, regardless of theirtruth, these tales contributed
significantly to Clay Allison'sreputation as one of the most
feared individuals in the Westwhen he arrived in Dodge City in
September 1878.
(24:02):
On September 19, 1878, clayAllison, a notorious figure
known for leading a gang ofunruly cowboys, arrived in Dodge
City seeking trouble.
At the time, wyatt Earp wasserving as the assistant marshal
and had received a warningabout Allison's imminent arrival
.
He took the precaution ofinforming several community
(24:26):
members, including Chalk Beeson,to remain vigilant.
Rumors were suggesting thatAllison's visit was motivated by
grievances against the police,particularly concerning the
mistreatment of cowboys and theshooting of George Hoy.
Knowing that 25 rowdy cowboysbacked Allison, wyatt Earp and
(24:49):
policeman Jim Masterson, bat'sbrother, began to assemble their
forces.
In the meantime, dick McNultyand Jock Beeson intervened on
behalf of the town, convincingAllison and his gang of untamed
cowboys to give up their guns.
Despite the efforts to encourageAllison and his group to disarm
(25:11):
, the law enforcement officialsdid not confront them directly.
This lack of action may havebeen perceived by Allison and
his gang as a sign of cowardiceand as a failure on the part of
the police to protect thecommunity.
A 21st century publication, theGlobe, remarked on the
(25:32):
situation.
It is said the officers failedto appear.
These occurrences are subjectsof much comment on the conduct
of the officers.
These occurrences are subjectsof much comment on the conduct
of the officers.
Charles Seringo, who arrived inDodge City on the same day,
(25:56):
supported the accounts of Beesonand McNulty regarding their
confrontation with Allison,highlighting the prevailing
tension.
Charles Seringo had recentlyheard from Cape Willingham about
the reports of Indian raidsoccurring to the south.
Upon encountering an upset ClayAllison, accompanied by his
gang, seringo noted that Allisonwas determined to seek justice
for George Hoy's death and todemand a change in the police
(26:17):
treatment of his associates.
As Allison's gang moved betweensaloons.
Fueled by alcohol, theiragitation escalated, leading to
a chaotic scene characterized byshouting and gunfire by early
afternoon.
There seems to be no evidencethat any kind of showdown
(26:39):
occurred between Wyatt Earp andClay Allison.
Evidence for a conversationbetween Allison and Earp is
sparse.
A likely scenario for thismeeting is the one put forth by
Pink Sims.
I also heard that later Allisonalone found Wyatt Earp seated
(27:03):
in his lookout's chair at aPharaoh game and he told him in
no uncertain terms what hethought of the way some of the
cowboys were being treated.
We have in this a highlybelievable proposition.
Allison had no fear of beinggunned down, as Beeson so
eloquently put it.
No one there would be so meanas to jump on them when they
(27:27):
were unarmed.
That was against the rules ofcivilized warfare as construed
in Dodge.
Mr Beeson's involvement seemsto enforce the one told by
Charles Seringo.
It is clear that, for whateverreason, wyatt Earp, backed by
Bat Masterson, did not quell thedisturbance.
(27:48):
That honor must go to DickMcNulty and Chalk Beeson.
Two witnesses confirmedMcNulty's involvement in
de-escalating the situation,lending credibility to Seringo's
account.
It is also noteworthy thatWyatt Earp and Bat Masterson
could not have participated inconfronting Allison and his gang
(28:10):
due to the dull knife raid, asboth may have been out of town
at that time.
(28:33):
As we wrap up our thrilling taleof wyatt erp in dodge city,
we're thrilled to share someexciting news.
Peter Brand, the acclaimedauthor of Josephine Sadie Earp
the Sorted Truth of 1870-1883,is set to join us on the Wild
West Podcast.
Known for his passionatededication to Western
(28:54):
storytelling, peter hasmeticulously unraveled the
legendary narratives ofTombstone, bringing its iconic
figures to life through hisextensive research Since 2000,
peter has delved deep into thecaptivating lives of Wyatt Earp
and the dramatic eventssurrounding Tombstone, focusing
on the intriguing members ofEarp's notorious vendetta posse.
(29:16):
His works highlight thefascinating connections between
legends like Doc Holliday andWyatt Earp.
Among his remarkablepublications are Wyatt Earp's
Vendetta Posse Writer, the Storyof Texas, jack Vermillion and
Doc Holliday's Nemesis, theStory of Johnny Tyler and
Tombstone's Gambler's War.
(29:37):
If you share our passion forWestern history, you won't want
to miss this.
If you share our passion forWestern history, you won't want
to miss this.
Stay tuned for the announcementof Peter Brand's appearance on
our show and be sure to connectwith us on Facebook at
facebookcom slashwildwestpodcast for all the
(30:00):
latest updates and specialannouncements.
Thank you.
In 1876, wyatt Earp moved to Dodge City, Kansas, a
town known for its thrivingcattle trade and wild frontier
undercurrent.
Upon his arrival, he took onthe role of a farrow dealer, a
popular gambling game of thetime.
He was accompanied by Celia AnnMaddy Blaylock, a woman he had
(00:41):
met during his previous stint inWichita.
Together, they entered athriving community that was
rapidly evolving, characterizedby the frenetic energy of
cowboys, traitors and variousother colorful characters.
Shortly after settling in DodgeCity, earp's reputation from
(01:11):
Wichita preceded him, enablinghim to secure a position as
Deputy Marshal under MarshalLarry Dacre.
This appointment came swiftly,reflecting his prior experience
(01:32):
and the urgent need for capablelaw enforcement in a town beat
down with lawlessness.
The Wichita newspaper theBeacon recognized Earp's new
role, proclaiming on May 24,1876, wyatt Earp has been put on
the police force at Dodge City.
However, the documentation fromthis period revealing the
(01:58):
details of Earp's work as adeputy from 1876 to 1877 is
surprisingly sparse.
Dodge City, often called Queenof the Cow Towns, was notorious
for its lively and unsettledcircumstances.
Its grating economy attracteddiverse outlaws and unsavory
characters, necessitating lawmenof considerable mettle,
(02:24):
qualities that Wyatt Earpundoubtedly embodied.
Yet the responsibilitiesassociated with being a deputy
marshal extended beyond simplyapprehending criminals.
They also included tasks thatwould seem mundane by comparison
.
Earp's duties could involveeverything from mending the
wooden sidewalks typical ofwestern towns to ensuring that
(02:45):
the streets remained free ofstray dogs and the remains of
dead animals, all of whichcontributed to maintaining a
basic level of civility in sucha chaotic environment.
By April of 1877, however,references to Earp as part of
the Dodge City Police Forcebecame noticeably absent.
(03:07):
This record cap has led tospeculation among historians,
with some suggesting that Wyattmay have ventured to Deadwood,
south Dakota, during this period, seeking new opportunities and
a change of scenery amid theuncertainties of frontier life.
And a change of scenery amidthe uncertainties of frontier
life?
Stuart Lake indicated that arecurring theme in Wyatt Earp's
(03:29):
life was his wanderlust,characterized by a desire for
exploration and wealth.
The gold discovery in the BlackHills of Dakota proved
irresistible to him, promptingWyatt and his brother Morgan to
depart from Dodge City forDeadwood on September 9, 1876.
(03:49):
They traveled in a wagon drawnby a well-matched four-ly
journey toward the rugged hillsof the Black Hills region,
(04:12):
ultimately arriving in Deadwood.
This frontier settlement wasteeming with a diverse mix of
prospectors, miners, promotersand hopeful fortune seekers
drawn by the allure of gold.
As they surveyed the atmosphereand the myriad of ambitious
individuals vying for theirpiece of the American dream,
(04:35):
morgan Earp carefully weighedthe circumstances surrounding
Deadwood.
Recognizing the impendingharshness of winter and the
challenges it could bring, hemade the decision to return to
Dodge City.
In stark contrast, wyatt saw aripe opportunity in Deadwood to
capitalize on the thriving golddust market, particularly at the
(05:04):
gaming tables of the localsaloons known for their
high-stakes gambling.
His astute nature and flair forgaming led him to believe he
could improve the situation,potentially enhancing his
fortune.
Interestingly, accounts fromSeth Bullock's son indicate that
the Earp brothers were notsolely focused on striking it
rich through gold mining.
Instead, Wyatt was approachedby a group of influential
(05:28):
figures in Deadwood who soughttheir assistance as muscle.
This group wanted Wyatt to helpprotect and manage various
mining claims, bringing theirrenowned reputation for
toughness and law enforcement tothe chaotic landscape of
Deadwood.
(05:50):
Wyatt Earp described his winterin Deadwood for biographer
Stuart N Lake.
The man I rented a stable fromowned a timbered hillside a few
miles from town.
He had been cutting and pilingwood during the fall, expecting
to sell it when winter arrived.
However, like many others inthe camp, he had overlooked the
(06:19):
transportation issue.
Sensing a potential fuelshortage, I secured the wood
supply with a contract to paythe owner $2 per cord at his
property.
Since most of the wood wasdeadfall, he made a good profit.
I constructed a wagon boxmounted on wheels or runners
that could carry two cords perload and hired a man to help me
load and unload it for $2 pertrip.
(06:40):
Buyers were responsible fortheir own piling.
I could haul four loads,sometimes five, which meant I
could transport eight or tencords daily.
I sold the wood and deadwoodfor $12 per cord, collecting
cash up front before unloading.
Every load was contracted inadvance and often I drove down
(07:03):
the main street of the camp withmen running alongside offering
bids of $20, $30, or even $50per cord for what I was
obligated to sell at myagreed-upon price.
I charged tire premiums forextraordinary night hauls.
Once a man woke me up in themiddle of the night asking for
(07:24):
wood to keep a large poker gamegoing until morning.
He paid $100 per cord and $10for my helper.
The thermometer read 40 belowzero that night and a 40-mile
northwest wind was howling.
In the spring of 1877, wyattEarp explored the hills in
(07:48):
Deadwood, where he confirmedthat all promising gold claims
had already been staked.
Reports suggest that Earp lefttown following a disagreement
with Seth Bullock, the localsheriff.
He sold his team and proceededto the stage office to reserve a
(08:08):
seat on the Cheyenne stage.
Wells Fargo agent Grayperceived Wyatt's departure as a
resolution of his challenge ofsecurely transporting the spring
cleanup from the gold mines.
In response, he posted abulletin on the door of the
Wells Fargo office.
Notice to bullion shippers thespring cleanup will depart for
(08:31):
Cheyenne on the regular stage at7 o'clock am next Monday.
Wyatt Earp from Dodge will rideshotgun.
Over $200,000 worth of gold wasshipped out of Deadwood on this
trip, with Wyatt Earpaccompanying it in the boot of
the stagecoach.
Earp later reflected I was atraveling arsenal that morning.
(08:56):
The stagecoach reached Cheyennearound 4 o'clock on Wednesday
afternoon, maintaining thesafety of every ounce of gold
throughout the journey.
Although there were no driverchanges during the 300-mile trip
, wyatt remained on dutycontinuously.
Wells Fargo covered his fareand paid him $50 for his
(09:18):
services.
Effectively marketing WyattEarp's return to law enforcement
activities.
Marketing Wyatt Earp's returnto law enforcement activities.
In July of 1877, wyatt Earpreturned to Dodge City, kansas,
and was now a private citizen.
His return to town wasanticipated, but it soon took a
(09:42):
turn, when he was in a heatedconfrontation with a spirited
and unruly woman, miss FrankieBell.
The incident, charged withtension, caught the attention of
the local press and the DodgeCity Times captured the details
in their edition published onJuly 21, 1877, recounting the
clash between the infamouslawman and the defiant woman
(10:15):
Miss Frankie Bell, who wears thebelt for superiority and point
of muscular ability, heapedepithets upon the unoffending
head of Mr Earp to such anextent as to provoke a slap from
the ex-officer, besidescreating a disturbance of the
quiet and dignity of the city,for which he received a night's
(10:35):
lodging in the doghouse and areception at the police court
next morning, the expense ofwhich was about $20.
Wyatt Earp was assessed thelowest limit of the law, $1.
In November 1877, theadventurous Wyatt Earp departed
(10:58):
from Dodge City, kansas,compelled by the urgent need to
track down the notorious outlawDave Rudabaugh.
Rudabaugh had recently manageda daring robbery at a Santa Fe
Railroad construction camp,swiftly fleeing southward
towards Texas, rudabaugh wasmentioned in the area north of
Abilene, at Fort Griffin, wherehe grew up alongside the
(11:22):
military fort of the same name.
Where he grew up alongside themilitary fort of the same name.
There he is rumored to havebeen part of an area gang that
committed robberies and cattlerustling.
In recognition of hisdetermination and skills, earp
was appointed a temporary deputyUS Marshal.
He embarked on a gruelingjourney that spanned over 400
(11:43):
miles toward Fort Griffin, texas.
His target, the elusiveRudebaugh, who had settled there
shortly before his arrival.
Fort Griffin was a lively andsignificant waypoint on the
cattle trail, pulsating with theenergy of cowboys and buffalo
(12:05):
hunters, the Cattlemen's Cattle,doc Holliday Wyatt, earp
himself and lawman Pat Garrett,to name a few, who often mingled
(12:29):
with the community, adding tothe town's reputation as a haven
for criminals.
At its peak, fort Griffinboasted a population of around
1,000 residents who enjoyedvarious domestic services, such
as cozy boarding houses, livelylivery stables, fragrant
bakeries, quaint barbershops andeven its own newspaper to keep
(12:53):
the locals informed.
The nearby military fort,operational between 1867 and
1881, contributed to the area'sstrategic importance and lively
atmosphere.
Earp entered Fort Griffin andwent to the sal's strategic
importance and lively atmosphere.
Earp entered Fort Griffin andwent to the saloon owned by his
(13:14):
old acquaintance John Shancy.
Shancy welcomed Earp, sharingthat Rudabaugh had graced his
establishment but had since madea hasty exit.
With a knowing look, shancysuggested that Earp speak with a
solitary figure seated in adimly lit corner, a man who had
recently played cards withRudabaugh and might hold
valuable information.
Though Rudabaugh had slippedaway, earp initiated a lively
(13:40):
conversation with the shady DocHolliday, exchanging tales of
Dodge City.
Holliday showed a rivetinginterest in Earp's numerous
escapades.
After spending nearly a monthin Fort Griffin, earp set off
for Fort Clark, texas, where thelocal newspaper noted his
presence on the frontier inJanuary 22, 1878.
(14:02):
1878.
The community of Dodge Cityhummed with excitement as, on
May 14th of that year, the localTimes reported Earp's
appointment as assistant marshal.
This role was officiallyconfirmed on June 4th, complete
(14:23):
with a respectable monthlysalary of $75, once again
solidifying his standing in lawenforcement.
In July of 1878, a significantand chaotic incident unfolded
involving a Texas cowboy namedGeorge Hoy, whose intoxicated
(14:47):
state led him to create a publicdisturbance in the town.
Hoy, armed and inebriated,began firing his pistol
recklessly into the air,alarming townsfolk and creating
panic among the local population.
The commotion drew theimmediate attention of law
enforcement officers Wyatt Earpand Jim Masterson.
(15:11):
Upon arriving at the scene,earp and Masterson swiftly took
action to subdue the volatilesituation.
As Hoy attempted to escape thescene on horseback.
He was pursued by Earp, jimMasterson and an unidentified
bystander who also joined theskirmish.
Tensions escalated as gunfireerupted, with the three men
(15:35):
firing at Hoy to stop hisreckless behavior and prevent
further harm to innocentbystanders.
During the chaotic exchange,one of the bullets struck Hoy,
causing him to lose control andtumble from his horse.
The impact of the fall,combined with the severity of
his gunshot wound, led tosignificant medical
(15:58):
complications, which ultimatelyresulted in his death.
The precise identity of theperson who delivered the fatal
shot has been a topic of debateamong historians, with some
attributing it to Wyatt Earp,marking a pivotal moment in his
early career as a lawman.
The incident not only markedEarp's first confirmed kill, but
(16:22):
also set a troubling precedenthighlighting the increasingly
violent clashes between lawenforcement and Texas Cowboys as
tensions simmered in Dodge City.
This confrontation foreshadowedsimilar events that would occur
in the coming days, reflectingthe ongoing struggle for control
(16:48):
and lawfulness in theunpredictable environment of
Dodge City.
In the summer of 1878, dodgeCity faced notable challenges
related to law enforcement.
The Ford County Globe reportedextensively on the police
department's struggles to managea surge in criminal activities
such as theft, con artistry androbbery.
(17:10):
These articles raised concernsabout the possibility that some
police officers may have beencomplicit in shielding these
criminals.
This situation contributed togrowing public frustration over
the lack of effective actionagainst Tin Horn gamblers and
other offenders.
Following the newspaper report,a meeting was convened among
(17:34):
the townspeople of Dodge City toaddress their concerns over the
lack of action taken by localofficers in response to the
rising criminal activity in thearea.
In response to the risingcriminal activity in the area,
the situation had escalated to apoint where even the Dodge City
Times, a publication typicallysupportive of local authorities,
(17:54):
began to question theeffectiveness of forming a grand
jury to tackle these issues.
This reflects the growingdissatisfaction among residents
regarding the handling of crimein their community.
Amid escalating pressure fromthe community, law enforcement
began to implement a markedlymore aggressive strategy for
(18:18):
dealing with unruly cowboys.
This strategic shift, whichbecame known as buffaloing,
marked a significant change inthe way police interacted with
cattle herders, allowingofficers to confront these
individuals with increasedboldness and, at times, even
with a sense of impunity.
The catalyst for this newapproach was the highly
(18:42):
controversial incident involvingGeorge Hoy.
During this incident, hoytragically lost his life due to
a gunshot wound inflicted by apolice officer, an event that
not only raised seriousquestions about police conduct,
but also intensified thesimmering hostilities between
the law enforcement communityand local cattlemen.
(19:04):
In an attempt to shed light onthese contentious interactions,
the Globe published a revealingarticle detailing the ongoing
intimidation tactics employed bypolice against herders.
The report highlighted thetroubling reality that officers
faced minimal consequences fortheir aggressive behavior.
(19:25):
That officers faced minimalconsequences for their
aggressive behavior.
This not only fueled publicoutrage, but also widened the
chasm of distrust between thehurting community and law
enforcement, furthercomplicating an already tense
situation.
As the dynamic shifted, bothsides braced themselves for the
potential fallout that couldarise from this escalating
(19:48):
conflict.
On August 6, 1878, the Globepublished an article criticizing
an unnamed officer for hisviolent treatment of a Mexican
prisoner named Guadalupe Flores.
(20:08):
The article condemned theofficer for striking Flores with
a six-shooter while he wasallegedly defenseless.
Flores had been arrested forbeing drunk and disorderly and
had pleaded guilty to the charge.
However, after reviewing thecircumstances of his arrest, the
Dodge City Police Courtultimately found him not guilty
(20:32):
and ordered his release.
This decision suggested thatthe court recognized the
excessive force he had alreadyendured at the hands of the
police.
This incident highlighted thecommunity's ongoing concern
regarding the treatment ofindividuals by law enforcement
officials during that time.
(20:53):
At the same time, the Texascattlemen were outraged over
their men's perceivedmistreatment and were determined
to take a stand.
In a letter from Lewistown,montana, a cowboy, pink Sims,
wrote A drunken cowboy has beenshot to death while firing a
(21:19):
pistol into the air in thestreets of Dodge.
He either worked for or was afriend of Clay Allison.
He either worked for or was afriend of Clay Allison.
Others had been robbed, shot orbeaten with revolvers and the
cowmen were furious about it.
It was said that the marshalswere merely pimps, gamblers and
saloon keepers.
They had disarmed the cowboys,leaving them harmless.
(21:44):
If a cowboy became too unrulyor managed to get a gun, he
would be shot down with shotguns.
Allison was prepared to protestthe treatment of his men and of
course, the tough old Clay wasready to back his arguments with
violence.
The charged atmosphere in Dodgemade an explosive situation
(22:08):
very likely.
When Robert Andrew Clay Allisonarrived in Dodge City, he was
already a prominent figure inthe West.
The Kinsley graphic on December14, 1878 provided a description
(22:29):
of him stating Clay Allison,well known on the frontier and
in western Kansas, but evenbetter known in western Texas
for his daring deeds andnumerous clashes involving
knives and firearms, has been intown for several days this week
.
His appearance is striking.
He is tall, straight as anarrow, dark-complexioned, and
(22:53):
carries himself easily andgracefully.
He is gentlemanly and courteousin manner never revealing, by
word or action, the history ofhis eventful life.
Allison had an extensive listof notches on his belt, which
included encounters with notablefigures such as Chunk Colbert,
(23:14):
a reputed killer, franciscoGrigo, another notorious
gunfighter, and Charles Fabre,an officer from Los Animas.
Fabre, an officer from LosAnimas.
Many stories about his exploitsexist, some based on fact and
(23:37):
others possibly exaggerated.
However, regardless of theirtruth, these tales contributed
significantly to Clay Allison'sreputation as one of the most
feared individuals in the Westwhen he arrived in Dodge City in
September 1878.
(24:02):
On September 19, 1878, clayAllison, a notorious figure
known for leading a gang ofunruly cowboys, arrived in Dodge
City seeking trouble.
At the time, wyatt Earp wasserving as the assistant marshal
and had received a warningabout Allison's imminent arrival
.
He took the precaution ofinforming several community
(24:26):
members, including Chalk Beeson,to remain vigilant.
Rumors were suggesting thatAllison's visit was motivated by
grievances against the police,particularly concerning the
mistreatment of cowboys and theshooting of George Hoy.
Knowing that 25 rowdy cowboysbacked Allison, wyatt Earp and
(24:49):
policeman Jim Masterson, bat'sbrother, began to assemble their
forces.
In the meantime, dick McNultyand Jock Beeson intervened on
behalf of the town, convincingAllison and his gang of untamed
cowboys to give up their guns.
Despite the efforts to encourageAllison and his group to disarm
(25:11):
, the law enforcement officialsdid not confront them directly.
This lack of action may havebeen perceived by Allison and
his gang as a sign of cowardiceand as a failure on the part of
the police to protect thecommunity.
A 21st century publication, theGlobe, remarked on the
(25:32):
situation.
It is said the officers failedto appear.
These occurrences are subjectsof much comment on the conduct
of the officers.
These occurrences are subjectsof much comment on the conduct
of the officers.
Charles Seringo, who arrived inDodge City on the same day,
(25:56):
supported the accounts of Beesonand McNulty regarding their
confrontation with Allison,highlighting the prevailing
tension.
Charles Seringo had recentlyheard from Cape Willingham about
the reports of Indian raidsoccurring to the south.
Upon encountering an upset ClayAllison, accompanied by his
gang, seringo noted that Allisonwas determined to seek justice
for George Hoy's death and todemand a change in the police
(26:17):
treatment of his associates.
As Allison's gang moved betweensaloons.
Fueled by alcohol, theiragitation escalated, leading to
a chaotic scene characterized byshouting and gunfire by early
afternoon.
There seems to be no evidencethat any kind of showdown
(26:39):
occurred between Wyatt Earp andClay Allison.
Evidence for a conversationbetween Allison and Earp is
sparse.
A likely scenario for thismeeting is the one put forth by
Pink Sims.
I also heard that later Allisonalone found Wyatt Earp seated
(27:03):
in his lookout's chair at aPharaoh game and he told him in
no uncertain terms what hethought of the way some of the
cowboys were being treated.
We have in this a highlybelievable proposition.
Allison had no fear of beinggunned down, as Beeson so
eloquently put it.
No one there would be so meanas to jump on them when they
(27:27):
were unarmed.
That was against the rules ofcivilized warfare as construed
in Dodge.
Mr Beeson's involvement seemsto enforce the one told by
Charles Seringo.
It is clear that, for whateverreason, wyatt Earp, backed by
Bat Masterson, did not quell thedisturbance.
(27:48):
That honor must go to DickMcNulty and Chalk Beeson.
Two witnesses confirmedMcNulty's involvement in
de-escalating the situation,lending credibility to Seringo's
account.
It is also noteworthy thatWyatt Earp and Bat Masterson
could not have participated inconfronting Allison and his gang
(28:10):
due to the dull knife raid, asboth may have been out of town
at that time.
(28:33):
As we wrap up our thrilling taleof wyatt erp in dodge city,
we're thrilled to share someexciting news.
Peter Brand, the acclaimedauthor of Josephine Sadie Earp
the Sorted Truth of 1870-1883,is set to join us on the Wild
West Podcast.
Known for his passionatededication to Western
(28:54):
storytelling, peter hasmeticulously unraveled the
legendary narratives ofTombstone, bringing its iconic
figures to life through hisextensive research Since 2000,
peter has delved deep into thecaptivating lives of Wyatt Earp
and the dramatic eventssurrounding Tombstone, focusing
on the intriguing members ofEarp's notorious vendetta posse.
(29:16):
His works highlight thefascinating connections between
legends like Doc Holliday andWyatt Earp.
Among his remarkablepublications are Wyatt Earp's
Vendetta Posse Writer, the Storyof Texas, jack Vermillion and
Doc Holliday's Nemesis, theStory of Johnny Tyler and
Tombstone's Gambler's War.
(29:37):
If you share our passion forWestern history, you won't want
to miss this.
If you share our passion forWestern history, you won't want
to miss this.
Stay tuned for the announcementof Peter Brand's appearance on
our show and be sure to connectwith us on Facebook at
facebookcom slashwildwestpodcast for all the
(30:00):
latest updates and specialannouncements.
Thank you.
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