Who Were the Apkallu—and What Do They Have to Do with the Bible?In this episode of the Buried Bible Podcast, Dr. Mark Chavalas explores mysterious figures from ancient Mesopotamian texts known as the Apkallu—seven pre-flood sages often depicted with fish heads—who emerge from the sea to bestow knowledge on humanity. Sound familiar? These ancient beings may hold the key to understanding the biblical Nephilim, the flood narrative, and why so many other early traditions point to supernatural rebellion.🔥 In This Episode:➡️ Who (or what) were the Apkallu?➡️ How the Apkallu compare to the “sons of God” of Genesis 6➡️ How ancient rituals invoked these beings in magic, healing, and house protection➡️ Why early Mesopotamian texts describe them being punished and banished to the underworld➡️ The deep connection between the Apkallu, the flood story, and divine rebellion➡️ What this means for interpreting Genesis—and why it matters➡️ Why Mesopotamian texts matter for biblical interpretation📚 Why This Episode Matters:Most Christians have never heard of the Apkallu—but they’re all over Mesopotamian lore and may be the cultural backdrop behind one of the most controversial passages in the Bible. If we want to understand the Nephilim, the Watchers, and the flood narrative, we need to explore these shadowy sages and the cultural memory they represent.💬 Let’s Talk in the Comments:Did the biblical writers respond to the Apkallu stories—or were they influenced by them? What do you make of ancient hybrid beings showing up across so many cultures?📧 POST YOUR WRAP-UP QUESTIONSEmail ---- buriedbiblepodcast@gmail.com—Episode 18 is our Nephilim wrap‑up and your input makes it epic.🎥 Like, Subscribe & Share if you love exploring the Bible through the lens of history and context.📚 Cited Books & TextsMesopotamian Texts & Resources:Babyloniaca of Berossus (Fragments compiled by Stanley Burstein) – AmazonIn Search of the Lost Sages by Josephine Fechner – AmazonThe Sumerian King List and Uruk King List – Online TranslationsMyths from Mesopotamia by Stephanie Dalley – Oxford World’s ClassicsMaklu: Ancient Anti-Witchcraft Rituals by Tzvi Abusch – Society of Biblical LiteratureBiblical & Comparative Resources:Reversing Hermon by Dr. Michael Heiser – AmazonThe East Face of Helicon by Martin L. West – AmazonThe Book of Enoch (1 Enoch) – EarlyJewishWritings.comGenesis 6 and the Sons of God – Peer-reviewed articles on JSTOR, Academia.edu#BuriedBiblePodcast #Nephilim #Apkallu #Genesis6 #BibleHistory #AncientNearEast #BiblicalScholarship #Watchers #Mesopotamia #Enoch #BiblicalMystery #ChristianPodcast
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