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November 21, 2022 18 mins

Listen in as Dr. Nally discussed the history of gout, why Hippocrates only thought it happened to royalty and how you can treat and prevent it with a ketogenic or carnivorous lifestyle. 

Show Note Sources: 

Kanbara A., Seyama I. Effect of urine pH on uric acid excretion by manipulating food materials. Nucleosides, Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2011;30(12):1066–1071. Towiwat P., Li Z.G. The association of vitamin C, alcohol, coffee, tea, milk and yogurt with uric acid and gout. Int J Rheum Dis. 2015;18(5):495–501. Bedir A., Topbas M., Tanyeri F., Alvur M., Arik N. Leptin might be a regulator of serum uric acid concentrations in humans. Jpn Heart J. 2003;44(4):527–536. Garrod AB. The Nature and Treatment of Gout and Rheumatic Gout, 2nd ed, Walton and Maberly, London 1863. Dalbeth N, Phipps-Green A, Frampton C, et al. Relationship between serum urate concentration and clinically evident incident gout: an individual participant data analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 77:1048. Hall AP, Barry PE, Dawber TR, McNamara PM. Epidemiology of gout and hyperuricemia. A long-term population study. Am J Med 1967; 42:27. Campion EW, Glynn RJ, DeLabry LO. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Risks and consequences in the Normative Aging Study. Am J Med 1987; 82:421. Zalokar J, Lellouch J, Claude JR, Kuntz D. Epidemiology of serum uric acid and gout in Frenchmen. J Chronic Dis 1974; 27:59. BRILL JM, MCCARTY DJ. "STUDIES ON THE NATURE OF GOUTY TOPHI" BY MAX FREUDWEILER, 1899. (AN INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO INJECTED SODIUM URATE, 1899). AN ABRIDGED TRANSLATION, WITH COMMENTS. Ann Intern Med 1964; 60:486. McCarty DJ, Hollander JL. Identification of urate crystals in gouty synovial fluid. Ann Intern Med 1961; 54:452. Seegmiller JE, Howell RR, Malawista SE. The inflammatory reaction to sodium urate: its possible relationship to the genesis of acute gouty arthritis. JAMA 1962; 180:469. Hutton J, Fatima T, Major TJ, et al. Mediation analysis to understand genetic relationships between habitual coffee intake and gout. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:135. Fanning N, Merriman TR, Dalbeth N, Stamp LK. An association of smoking with serum urate and gout: A health paradox. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2018; 47:825. Lin KC, Lin HY, Chou P. Community based epidemiological study on hyperuricemia and gout in Kin-Hu, Kinmen. J Rheumatol 2000; 27:1045. Zhang Y, Woods R, Chaisson CE, et al. Alcohol consumption as a trigger of recurrent gout attacks. Am J Med 2006; 119:800.e13. Hunter DJ, York M, Chaisson CE, et al. Recent diuretic use and the risk of recurrent gout attacks: the online case-crossover gout study. J Rheumatol 2006; 33:1341. Chhana A, Lee G, Dalbeth N. Factors influencing the crystallization of monosodium urate: a systematic literature review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015; 16:296. Loeb JN. The influence of temperature on the solubility of monosodium urate. Arthritis Rheum 1972; 15:189. Horvath SM, Hollander JL. INTRA-ARTICULAR TEMPERATURE AS A MEASURE OF JOINT REACTION. J Clin Invest 1949; 28:469. Martinon F, Pétrilli V, Mayor A, et al. Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome. Nature 2006; 440:237. Guerne PA, Terkeltaub R, Zuraw B, Lotz M. Inflammatory microcrystals stimulate interleukin-6 production and secretion by human monocytes and synoviocytes. Arthritis Rheum 1989; 32:1443. Terkeltaub R, Zachariae C, Santoro D, et al. Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor/interleukin-8 is a potential mediator of crystal-induced inflammation. Arthritis Rheum 1991; 34:894. di Giovine FS, Malawista SE, Thornton E, Duff GW. Urate crystals stimulate production of tumor necrosis factor alpha from human blood monocytes and synovial cells. Cytokine mRNA and protein kinetics, and cellular distribution. J Clin Invest 1991; 87:1375. Guerne PA, Terkeltaub R, Zuraw B, Lotz M. Inflammatory microcrystals stimulate interleukin-6 production and secretion by human monocytes and synoviocytes. Arthritis Rheum 1989; 32:1443.

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