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August 7, 2024 • 18 mins

At the Battle of Dallas, 28 May 1864, 2LT Lot D. Young and the 4th Kentucky as part of the Orphan Brigade advanced upon a heavily entrenched Union Army. What was intended to be a three-brigade advance was cancelled by the division commander, but the Orphan Brigade and the Floridians to their south, never received the order.

Sources used for this episode:

Young, Lot D. Reminiscences of a Soldiers of the Orphan Brigade. Paris Kentucky, 1918. https://www.loc.gov/item/42011058/.

Davis, George, B. Perry, Leslie J. and Kirkley, Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. ser. 1, vol. 38, pt. 3: Reports. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1891. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077722993&view=1up&seq=3.

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Transcript

Episode Transcript

Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
(00:22):
Hello everyone.
My name is bill Coughlin.
Glyn and welcome to first personcivil war podcast, which retells
the stories of the soldiers andofficers on the ground, in the
battles of the civil war.
Episode 30 is entitled.
Second flute, tenant, lot deyoung and the fourth Kentucky

(00:46):
Confederate at the battle ofDallas.
And relies on his book.
Reminiscences of a soldier ofthe orphan brigade, which he
published in 1918.
Lot Dudley young lived in Paris,Kentucky.
Which is Northeast of Lexingtonin bourbon county before the war

(01:09):
began.
Kentucky was a slave statebefore and during the war.
But it was also a state withdivided loyalties to the United
States.
And the soon to be Confederatestates.
Lot de young became a chartermember of the Kentucky state
guard company.
The flat rock graze, whichformed in bourbon county in

(01:32):
1860.
And mostly aligned with thesecessionist Southern states.
Not to be confused with theKentucky home guard.
Which aligned with the union.
As it became clear that Kentuckyleaned more and more toward the
union.
Most of the flat rock graze withSouthern sympathies left the

(01:53):
state in August of 1861.
But lot de young did not do sountil September.
He traveled to Montgomery,Tennessee, just across the state
line.
Where the second and thirdKentucky infantry regiments had
already formed in July of 1861.

(02:15):
Upon his arrival, he enlisted asa private and company H of the
fourth, Kentucky infantry.
These three regiments became thecore of what would be known as
the orphan brigade.
This formation, primarilyconsisted of Kentucky regiments.
That formed in 1861.
And mostly operated outside oftheir union, aligned home state.

(02:40):
Private Yung and the orphanbrigade.
We're present at such Westernbattlefields as Shiloh after
which he became a secondLieutenant.
Stone's river, Chickamauga andChattanooga.
And by the Atlanta campaign.
Brigadier general Joseph HoraceLewis was the orphan brigades
commander.

(03:00):
And they marched in majorgeneral William B.
Bates division.
And Lieutenant general, WilliamJ Hardy's core.
In the army of Tennesseecommanded by general Joseph E.
Johnston.
In the beginning of may, 1864,major general William Tecumseh,
Sherman commander of themilitary division of the

(03:23):
Mississippi.
Which consisted of three armies,the Tennessee.
The Ohio and the Cumberland.
Approximately 110,000 men.
Began its advance fromChattanooga, Tennessee upon
Atlanta.
General Johnston's army ofTennessee of approximately
60,000 men were tasked withopposing this advance.

(03:47):
The opening battles of theAtlanta campaign picked up where
the Chattanooga campaign endedin the Northwestern corner of
Georgia.
Both union and Confederatearmies relied on the Western and
Atlantic railroad, whichconnected the two cities as a
means of resupply.
And stops along the line, suchas Rasaka also became

(04:09):
battlefields.
Through a series of battles andseveral flank marches.
Major general Sherman was ableto push the Confederates
steadily back toward Atlanta.
Following the battle ofCastleVille on 19 may major
general Sherman detached fromthe railroad and sent his three
armies down several roads.

(04:31):
And yet another flank March inthe direction of Dallas,
Georgia.
With major general John MScofield and the army of the
Ohio on the left flank.
Major general George H Thomas'army of the Cumberland in the
center.
And major general James BMcPherson's army of the
Tennessee on the right flank.

(04:53):
General Johnston, havingincorrectly anticipated another
fight along the railroad,redeployed his forces and fought
the union left at the battle ofpickets mill and the union
center at the battle of new hopechurch.
As part of this redeployment oftroops.
Second Lieutenant young and thefourth Kentucky alongside Bates

(05:14):
division of Hardy's Corp wassent to Dallas, Georgia.
Where he would face majorgeneral McPherson and the army
of the Tennessee.
On 27 may the army of theTennessee arrived in positions,
east and south of the town ofDallas, which included Brigadier
general, Charles R what's hisfirst brigade.

(05:36):
Of Brigadier general, Peter JAuster houses, first division.
Of major general John, a Logan's15th core.
Pursuant to orders of Brigadiergeneral Auster house.
I conducted two of my regiments,the 13th, Iowa, and the 27th
Missouri.
Through the woods to the left ofthe via Rica road, about half a

(06:00):
mile to the south of Dallas forthe purpose of relieving, some
regiments of the second brigadewho had earlier in the morning,
but engaged with the enemy.
I posted these regiments well tothe front on the westerly slope
of a hill.
And across a ravine connectingon my right with a regiment of
general Smith's brigade.

(06:21):
As soon as this disposition wasmade and the line was covered
with skirmishers, I brought upmy two other regimens and placed
them in a second line, about 75yards in the rear of the first.
During the four noon by mydirection.
The two front regimens commenceto entrench and by night had
constructed rifle pits, whichformed a good defense.

(06:47):
While the Confederates were in adefensive posture at new hope
church and Piguet smell.
Second Lieutenant young and thefourth Kentucky along with Bates
division would attack the 15thCorps in their four to five
positions outside of Dallas.
Which he would later compare tothe charge of the light brigade
from the Crimean war.

(07:10):
Here as at balaclava.
Someone blood dirt.
And while we have not had aTennyson to immortalize the
event.
It is a more than ordinaryinterest to Kentucky wins.
Especially those whoparticipated in the bloody
event.
As part of the blunder, MajorGeneral Bate expected a weakened

(07:33):
Union force to his front, ratherthan an entrenched foe.
This fact would not becomeapparent until the Confederate
attack began.
2nd Lieutenant Young and the 4thKentucky began their advance
over heavily wooded and hillyterrain.
The actual time under fire didnot in my judgment exceed 30

(07:57):
minutes.
They occupied two parallel linesof entrenchments from both of
which he deliveredsimultaneously a destructive and
murderous fire that was so fatalthat nothing but the protecting
hand of an all wise and mercifulProvidence could save.
The first of these lines was afew yards below and in front of

(08:19):
the second, which ran along thesummit of the Ridge and enabled
a second line to fire directlyoverhead without endangering the
first.
Major general Bates plan evolvedfirst, sending a dismounted
cavalry brigade to attack theunion line to the south.
If the cavalry saw success,three infantry brigades,

(08:42):
including the orphans or theright flank.
What advance.
Major general Bates did sendorders to call off the infantry
assault.
But only one brigade receivedthe new order.
Second Lieutenant young and thefourth Kentucky on the right of
the orphan brigade continuedtheir ill-fated advance.

(09:03):
Besides this double advantage,they were able to infiltrate our
line with artillery from bothextremes of their line.
Smith's brigade on our left,having received orders to
withhold the attack.
Enabled the enemy to deliver nobleak fire upon us from his
infantry on the left, as well asfrom his two lines directly in

(09:24):
front.
At every step, Kentucky waspaying double toll with the
lives of her noblest and best topush forward meant certain and
complete annihilation.
To remain where we were some 75or 80 yards in their front meant
the same only a little slowerdeath.

(09:46):
The initial cavalry advance sawsuccess in the south and the
union army had to shift forcesto contain the break in their
line.
Brigadier general lost her housepersonally led one of his
brigades in this effort.
And left Brigadier general woodsin command of the division,
which were the first and thirdbrigades.

(10:07):
In his absence.
Very soon afterward.
At about 4:00 PM.
The enemy advanced in force toattack the front of these two
brigades, meaning from hisdivision.
And to the right and left.
The skirmishers were hurriedlydriven in their view of the
approaching enemy being muchshut out, but the broken nature

(10:31):
of the ground in front.
As soon as the skirmishers orsuch as were able, had rejoined
the regiments, the enemyappeared in view a general
discharge from the rifle pitscommenced.
The enemies line soon, waveredrallied, wavered, and then
disappeared.
Leaving there dead and severelywounded behind.

(10:54):
In closing out his report.
Brigadier general woods notedthat the furthest advance of the
Confederates was against thethird brigade, just to as south.
Here, the terrain was flatterand the men could not form a
second line of defense.
It's Brigadier general woodsalso stated that his men
captured 15 Confederates afterthe failed assault.

(11:17):
All belonged to the orphanbrigade.
Unable to continue under theheavy fire in their front.
The entire orphan brigade andthe Florida brigade to their
south.
Retreated.
Having brave the entirety of thefourth Kentucky's advance.
Second Lieutenant young assistedthe wounded back to their lines.

(11:40):
The order to fall back, havingbeen given.
We were only too glad to attemptour escape from the death trap
into which we were ordered.
The grounds and the rear of ourworks presented an appalling
site.
Which I reached them with myburden on my back.
Sergeant w E Knox who had abroken leg.

(12:03):
Nothing, but a miracle saved usfrom the murderous fire of the
enemy.
The battle of Dallas was a unionvictory.
And despite defeats a picketsmell and new hope church.
Major general Sherman stillenjoyed a numerical superiority
against his Confederate pho.

(12:25):
And continued pressing generalJohnston.
Further back toward Atlanta.
Three more months of hardfighting we're in store for both
armies at places such asMarietta, Kennesaw mountain
Peachtree Creek.
And Jonesborough.
But by early September, 1864,the city of Atlanta was in union

(12:46):
hands.
Though the battle of Dallas wasnot even the largest battle of
the Atlanta campaign.
According to second Lieutenantyoung, it held a significant
place in the history of theorphan brigade as a whole,
because of an undelivered order.
The official report showed theloss of 51%.

(13:09):
Uh, loss considering the timeactually engaged.
Unparalleled in the history ofthe war.
To my mind.
It was the most desperate anddisastrous of all the many
engagements in which the orphanstook part.
During their four years ofexperience.
The orphan brigade continued atservice until the end of the

(13:31):
war.
But second Lieutenant young stayin the fourth.
Kentucky was much shorter thanthat.
At the battle of Jonesborough,the final battle of the Atlantic
campaign.
Second Lieutenant young waswounded.
He would spend the rest of thewar in a hospital.
Recovering.
Never to rejoin the fourthKentucky.

(13:54):
Lottie Young's motivation towrite his book.
Reminiscences of a soldier ofthe orphan brigade in 1918.
Was for the men now fighting inthe trenches of Europe.
At age 76 and decidedly too oldto fight in world war one.
He wanted to contribute in someway toward the war effort of the

(14:16):
United States.
It is for the amusement andentertainment of the thousands
of Kentucky ans.
Now enlisted, beneath the starsand stripes and the world
cataclysm of four for the causeof humanity and righteousness
that these recollections andreminiscences are published.

(14:37):
The author believing they willenable the boys to pass.
What might otherwise be at timeslonesome and monotonous hours.
And he continues.
And by reason of his experienceas a soldier.
He can enter into fully theiraspirations and ambitions and
share their hopes, rejoice intheir victories and their

(14:58):
triumphs.
He understands the dreadsuspense of the impending
conflict.
The thrill and shock of battle.
The victorious, shalt the gloomand chagrin of defeat.
The pangs of hunger.
And suffering from wounds anddisease.
For, he has seen war in all itshorrors.

(15:19):
LA de young also clarified thatthis history was meant for a
combined nation.
And not only for descendants ofConfederate soldiers and took
pride in the fact that theaccomplishments of Kentucky.
One's in the trenches of Europe.
Would also be theaccomplishments of the entire
nation.

(15:40):
To complete his book lot.
D young towards severalbattlefields, including Dallas,
Georgia, approximately 40 yearsafter the war.
And he had no issue identifyingwhere the opposing lines were.
This gives an interestinginsight on how some of the
lesser known battles of thecivil war stood the test of time

(16:02):
at, around the turn of thecentury.
And showing the scars of warcompared to the battles that
were adjacent to cities.
I have reviewed every foot ofthis ground.
The second time stopping hereand there to pick up a mini ball
lodged in the enemy, works firedat them by my dear old orphan

(16:23):
boys.
I had no difficulty, whatever inlocating at once the position of
both parties and the exact spoton which my regiment and company
fought.
Most of the Confederate lineshave been partly and completely
obliterated by the plow.
But Hills and hollows are stillthere.

(16:45):
The enemy lines have been littledisturbed.
And are mostly intact even atthis distant day.
Thank you for listening to the30th episode.
The link to second LieutenantYoung's book is now available on
the podcast website.
First person, civil war podcast.

(17:06):
Dot com.
On Facebook, Instagram, X, andLinkedIn.
This week, you will find apicture of second Lieutenant
young sometime during the civilwar.
Now next episode, we'll be inthe same format that you have
come to expect from first personcivil war podcast.

(17:27):
I will incorporate a new aspectto this episode.
Jordan Alyssa Nour from Iowaprovided a few recommendations
to me concerning Iowa regimentsduring the civil war.
And for this episode, I decidedto use one of those sources.
In two weeks time.

(17:47):
Corporal Henry M Disert ofcompany D third, Iowa cavalry.
Provides next episodes, firstperson account.
At the battle.
Of pea Ridge.
My name is bill Conklin.
And thank you for listening tofirst person civil war podcast.
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