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April 19, 2020 81 mins
主播 小果汁 (https://fom.fm/hosts/ijoy) 斯图亚特 (https://fom.fm/guests/siying) Cat Chen (http://fom.fm/guests/cat) [01:21] 人脑是怎么学习的 * 人类对大脑研究的历史 * 对罕见的脑损伤病人的研究 * 从神经元到局部回路到系统:视觉通路是怎么走的 * 从看见到识别,大脑里发生了些啥 [15:26] 机器是怎么学习的 * 什么是机器学习 * 监督学习、非监督学习和强化学习 * 机器有结论不等于机器真的明白 [22:20] 深度学习算法的革命 * 从统计模型走向仿生(赫布理论) * 深度学习的革命性突破:图像识别、视频识别、语音识别、推荐系统、围棋、自然语言处理 [26:30] 机器太「笨」,人又太「懒」 * 机器需要海量训练集,人类可以从少量数据中学习 * 机器不会触类旁通,很难把知识应用到其他领域 * 机器每一种应用都需要人类特别调节 * 人类其实把“识”的权重提得很高,但是“别”的能力很弱 * 人类对「节能」有令人发指的执着 * 人类看世界认识世界是非常主观的 * 视知觉、表象和记忆之间的联系——我们每个人都活在自己的deja vu里 [42:41] 机器也有擅长之处 * 信息存储、处理 * 规则限定的复杂计算 [58:07] 从《西部世界》聊到意识的产生 * 迷宫(隐喻):当每一个举动都被赋予一种可能性和选择性的时候,自我意识就产生了 * 自我产生于最初的缺失,即无法被满足的照顾,因为不满足而想要获得满足的愿望,就是自我意识 * 心智来源于整个有机体,大脑是为躯体服务的 * 动物有意识吗 * AI 会有意识吗,或者说它有意识能被我们发现吗 * AI 会反过来操控人类吗 [01:10:40] 机器学习路漫漫,人类更要小心自己 * 机器在很多事情上做得不好,但也许未来能做得更好 * 人类在担心被操控之前,要小心自己对自我的放弃 链接 牛油果烤面包 (https://avocadotoast.live/) 联系我们 (mailto:hi@fom.fm) hi@fom.fm (mailto:hi@fom.fm) 订阅方式 (https://fom.fm/subscribe) Special Guests: Cat Chen and 斯图亚特.
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