InequaliTalks
What is the most unequal region of the world? How deep does gender discrimination run in our societies? What happens to poor households during a housing boom? How is land distributed today? How can minimum wage reduce racial inequality? Can we really expect politicians to fix inequality? InequaliTalks presents accessible research done by young economists on one of the most pressing issues in the public conversation: inequality. InequaliTalks is supported by School of Cities at the University of Toronto.
Episodes
July 19, 2023 • 33 mins
In this episode, Mathilde studies whether jobs supplied locally are protected from globalization and how trade liberalization interacts with labor market regulations and affects wage inequality.
Working Paper:
“International Trade Responses to Labor Market Regulations”
Most recent version (February 2023):
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tuVIbzn9QbplrtmfQalpVGcP3QfC-Xal/view
Recommendation:
“Has Globalization Gone Too Far?” (1997) ...
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July 5, 2023 • 23 mins
In this episode, Pamela Medina Quispe explores the idea that trade liberalization in Peru negatively impacts women’s participation in the labor market. She points to the increasing presence of the manufacturing industry as a force which is pushing women into an unstable, informal sector.
Working Paper:
"When Women's Work Disappears: Marriage and Fertility Decisions in Peru”, with Hani Mansour and Andrea Velás
Most recent version ...
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June 21, 2023 • 23 mins
Does trade reduce wages? Why? In this episode, Mayara Felix considers the impact of trade liberalization on workers’ wages, and their ability to find gainful employment. Using the example of Brazil, Mayara argues that trade affects a key economic variable: labor market concentration, and explores its consequences on wage inequality.
Working Paper:
“Trade, Labor Market Concentration, and Wages”
Most recent version (October 2022):
ht...
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March 1, 2023 • 27 mins
In this episode, Marie Beigelman speaks about the intergenerational traumas and economic gaps borne of slavery and forced labors in the Caribbean—Guadeloupe and Martinique, specifically. She tells us about her ongoing research exploring the effects of slavery on family units’ development and access to economic opportunity.
Working Paper:
“Intergenerational Impact of Labor Coercion”
https://mariebeigelman.github.io/research/
Re...
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February 15, 2023 • 20 mins
In this episode, Marlon Seror explores how one of the most radical social transformations in recent human history affected economic inequality in China. He demonstrates that inequality persisted despite two revolutions in the same century.
Working Paper:
“Persistence Despite Revolutions”, with Alberto Alesina, David Y. Yang, Yang You and Weihong Zeng
Most recent version (August 2022): https://marlonseror.github.io/papers/Persiste...
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February 1, 2023 • 25 mins
In this episode, Jonathan Colmer explores the intergenerational effects of environmental pollution on economic opportunity. He tells us about his work as co-founder of the Environmental Inequality Lab where he uses census data to determine the link between exposure to air pollution pre-birth and in early childhood of an individual and the economic outcomes of their offspring.
Working Paper:
“Air Pollution and Economic Opportunit...
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October 12, 2022 • 19 mins
Over the past few decades, the raw gender pay gap in the U.S. has decreased significantly. Nonetheless, the residual pay gap, or the chunk of the pay gap that cannot be explained by gender differences, remains the same. Meanwhile, there is extensive research showing that women continue to have lower salary expectations than men - a fact that raises questions about the relationship between women’s salary expectations and the residua...
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September 28, 2022 • 24 mins
In this episode, Xiaoyue Shan discusses her research on the ways in which minority status causes women to leave male-dominated fields. She tells us about a field experiment as part of which she examined how gender impacted dropout rates in an introductory economics course, and how she found that female students with higher math achievement and academic potential were nonetheless more likely than male students to drop out of the cou...
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September 14, 2022 • 23 mins
In recent decades, gender-based discrimination in the workplace has become a symbol of women’s fight for equality. In parallel, the role of unions in supporting underrepresented workers has grown into an unmatched tool to address inequity and intolerance. In this episode, Lorenzo Lagos tells us about his ongoing work on the power of unions in creating more female-friendly jobs. Looking at the bargaining strategy of Brazil’s largest...
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September 9, 2022 • 44 secs
Starting Wednesday, September 14th, InequaliTalks is starting its first spotlight series. To begin, we will be looking at gender inequality and interviewing three scholars whose research looks at the intersection of economics and patterns of gender inequality: Lorenzo Lagos, Xiaoyue Shan and Nina Roussille. Make sure to tune in!
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February 16, 2022 • 25 mins
In recent years, decreasing federal minimum wage, low unionization rates and growing outsourcing trends have had some important effects on wage growth in the US low wage sector. As major firms throughout the world come under scrutiny for their failure to compensate their workers fairly, it is becoming increasingly necessary to better understand what motivates companies to mirror other larger firms’ wage changes. In this episode, El...
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January 26, 2022 • 18 mins
How do beliefs shape and determine our attitudes towards policies? In this episode, Thomas Douenne looks at carbon taxation in the context of the Yellow Vest Movement, and how French people rejected a tax & dividend policy which they assumed would negatively impact their purchasing power.
Working Paper:
“Yellow Vests, Pessimistic Beliefs and Carbon Tax Aversion”, with Adrien Fabre
https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/pol.202...
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January 12, 2022 • 14 mins
What are racial covenants? How do they target specific ethnic and religious minorities? And how do they affect present-day economic outcomes? In this episode, Aradhya Sood tells us about her research on the prevalence of racially-restrictive covenants during the early-to-mid 20th century, and how these contracts continue to impact house prices and promote racial segregation today.
Working Paper:
Long Shadow of Racial Discriminatio...
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December 1, 2021 • 22 mins
In recent decades, firms' decision to rely on contract labor over "in-house" workers has become increasingly prevalent. In this episode, Adrien Bilal tells us about his research on labor outsourcing and inequality in France. He explains that while domestic outsourcing may increase aggregate productivity, it nonetheless leads to oursourced workers suffering important wage losses.
Paper:
“Outsourcing,
Inequality and Aggregate Output...
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November 12, 2021 • 24 mins
What is affirmative action? How can it increase the representation of under-privileged groups in a given field? And how might it play out in the higher education sector? In this episode, Ana Paula Melo talks to us about her research on the impact of affirmative action policies on the access to college in Brazil. She tells us about the benefits and shortcomings of this policy, and what is still missing in the existing literature on ...
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October 28, 2021 • 25 mins
Evan K. Rose talks to us about his research on the relationship between human capital, company behavior and discrimination. Looking at the hiring procedures of over a hundred Fortune 500 firms across the US, Rose found that there were significant penalties for applicants belonging to gender and/or racial minorities. In this episode, Rose discusses the policy implications of this phenomenon, and the need for change in both instituti...
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October 13, 2021 • 25 mins
Why has wage inequality increased in the past 40 years in the United States? Why has corporate valuation skyrocketed? In this episode, Anna Stansbury presents her work with Larry Summers
on how declining worker power better explains these recent trends in the American economy and what that means for inequality.
Paper: “The Declining Worker Power Hypothesis” by Anna Stansbury and Lawrence Summers
https://www.brookings.edu/bpea-arti...
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September 29, 2021 • 21 mins
Books shape how children learn about society and the world. Analyzing over 1,100 award-winning children’s books, Anjali Adukia talks about what artificial intelligence (AI) tools can tell us about how race and gender are depicted to children.
Paper:
“What We Teach About Race and Gender: Representation in Images and Text of Children’s Books” (by A. Adukia, A. Eble, E. Harrison, H.B. Runesha, T. Szasz)
https://www.nber.org/system/fi...
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September 16, 2021 • 30 mins
Governments in the world’s poorest countries face important revenue constraints. The ability to collect taxes directly affects the quality of public services and infrastructures, and is thought to undermine economic growth. Augustin Bergeron walks us through 3 experiments he conducted in D.R. Congo to investigate how the architecture of tax collection affects a state's fiscal capacity: who collects taxes, how much you can collect, ...
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August 4, 2021 • 14 mins
Can obesity signal wealth? In this episode, Elisa talks about the experiment she conducted in Uganda, in which she demonstrates that obese people are perceived as rich and that being obese facilitates access to credit.
Paper:
"Worth your weight? Experimental evidence on the benefits of obesity in low-income countries" by Elisa Macchi
https://elisamacchi.github.io/publication/job-market-paper/
Recommendation:
"The Lonely City: Adve...
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