Masoretic Text: The Textual tradition of the Hebrew Bible that the Jewish Masoretes scribes in the Medieval period (7th-10th centuries) produced.
The Masoretes received exemplar scrolls and made copies of the Hebrew books.
They received the consonantal texts and supplied written vowels because, up to that point, the text was read with vowels but not written with vowels. This was the 1st time that vowels were being committed to writing in the transmission of the text.
They did not invent the vocalization of the reading, but they did invent the system of vowels that came to be used as written symbols.
They stopped copying the books in scrolls and started producing books, which is how the word codex came about.
One of the scrolls found in the Dead Sea Scrolls was the Great Isaiah scroll, which was 1000 years older than any previously known Hebrew copy of that book prior to its discovery. It is one of the only scrolls from the Dead Sea Scrolls that contains the book's near entirety.
The difference between the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Masoretic text is 92% the same, with 8% being the variants that are different (plus all of the vowels that were not in the OG scroll)
Isaiah 58:2 in the Masoretic Text in Hebrew reads Um Mishpa Elohaw Lo Asav, which is translated to English as And they/he did not forsake the justice of their/his God
Isaiah 58:2 from the Great Isaiah scroll reads Um Mishpa Eloho Lo Asav.
The difference here is Elohaw and Eloho, which both translate to His God.Plus, we get into a discussion of the difference between Expository teaching and topical teaching.
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