Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:19):
Good morning and
welcome to let's Talk Wyoming.
I'm Mark Hamilton, your host,and today we'll be taking a look
at our Wyoming weather.
We'll take a look at somehappenings around the state of
Wyoming and some Wyoming sports.
Then we'll take a look atcamping along the Lincoln
Highway in the early 1900s.
Hope you enjoy the podcast.
Thanks for joining us taking alook at Wyoming weather here on
(01:03):
the 18th day of February.
Been on a little bit of asabbatical from the podcast.
Getting back in the swing ofthings.
We've had kind of a strangewinter here in northern Wyoming,
in Hot Springs County, prettymuch.
January has been prettymoderate.
In February now we've had a fewtimes that we've hit minus,
(01:25):
minus 10, 15, 20 below, but notfor an extended period.
But right now we're justgetting out another one of those
little stretches where we gotdown to about 10 below overnight
.
But it looks like the next 10days, starting about Saturday,
they're talking about somepretty moderate temperatures.
So, boy, that's going to benice.
(01:46):
The part that worries me wereally haven't got much snow
here.
Usually Hot Springs County, weget a lot of snow where we're
situated up against the WindRiver Canyon in this area here
Around us the town of Cody, upin Park County, cody and Powell
and up into Montana up toBillings.
That area and parts of Montanahave got a lot of snow but it's
(02:07):
bypassed us.
Right now Boysen Reservoir isreally low and we're hoping that
we keep getting our snowfallbecause we're going to need to
put some water back into thatthing If we don't get much more
snowfall.
That snowpack doesn't play outlike we're hoping.
It could be a very long drysummer.
On the positive side, a lot ofthese areas that were dealt with
(02:29):
some colder temperatures, butit hasn't been a really extreme
time for our livestock producers.
A lot of people right now arein the middle of calving or
lambing.
Before we know it we're almostat the end of the month and
we'll be into some warmertemperatures and before you know
it the farmers will be out inthe fields and starting to plant
(02:51):
barley and starting thatdirection and going back to work
.
But right now it looks prettyfavorable coming up the next 10
days.
I hope we do get some moistureinto March and into April.
I'd just soon have some nicerain Heading into the end of the
month and we are starting towarm up.
(03:13):
Had a chance to make a trip upto Billings Montana a week ago
and that was the day where wehad the 15 below temperatures.
Some of the areas up in theBighorn Basin were at 20, 30
below.
Had to go up to get a rootcanal, of all things.
Really a lot of fun.
But made that trip up throughMatizzi and up to Cody and then
(03:36):
into Belfry and up to Bridgerand then you come into Laurel
and come in on the interstateinto Billings, go off on Shiloh
and head over off Grand wherethe dentist's office was.
Got a chance to stop at Costco.
Of course Don't go to Costcovery much anymore.
Got to stop in there and spenda little bit of money, not a big
Costco run, kind of a shortCostco run, but it's amazing.
(04:00):
And Billings and Cody, as Isaid earlier, and their roads
are terrible.
With the snowfall and I did seesome reports they got more snow
so they piled up a lot more.
So with these warmertemperatures, especially in Cody
, they can warm up pretty quickwith those winds, get those
Chinook winds and they're goingto have a little bit of a mini
flood around there when all thatmelts.
(04:20):
The other thing in our area I'msure everyone, if you follow
anything here in the state ofWyoming is aware of our
happenings up in Byron, wyoming,where the young mother shot her
four kids and then she shotherself.
Mental health was at play there.
Now that they've started torelease some of the information.
The poor girl was going througha lot of issues and she had
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been married and got divorcedwith two kids and then she got
remarried and she'd been havinga lot of problems, been in a lot
of treatment for postpartumissues and a really sad, sad
thing that happened.
There's ache for people whenthey reach that point.
I think it's really showing ourproblems we have in our country
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with mental health.
You wonder what happens whensomebody gets to that point.
Maybe it'll open up a few moreeyes on what's happening in
mental health.
Also, we had a sad situationwhere a highway patrolman in the
southern part of Wyoming had torespond to an accident and his
wife was involved with their twokids and the mother or the wife
(05:24):
, she was okay with the olderdaughter, but the two-year-old
son was injured and taken toColorado Children's Hospital
with some issues.
So our thoughts and prayers goout to them.
And then at the same time lastweekend we had a major accident
in the tunnels outside of GreenRiver, wyoming on I-80.
They had a crash in the tunnelon the westbound tunnel, if I
(05:50):
remember right.
I think that's where it was andthey had cars stuck in there.
Fire started.
I saw the reports that therewere Holland Transformers
through there and one of theTransformers caught fire.
Something happened Heroicpeople that help people get out
of there, and so they are rightnow have been got everything
cleared out and trying to assessthe damage and what they're
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going to have to do with thattunnel.
So right now all the traffic isgoing around the tunnel.
It's always a question when youtravel.
One of my family members was ona trip overseas and had a issue
with airline travel where aflight was delayed and canceled,
missed connections back to theStates and ended up having to
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stay an extra day in Londonbefore being able to fly back.
And you know you haveeverything arranged, but travel
is just not that way anymore.
It's just how it is.
It's something you have to dealwith.
We're also at that point of theseason for sports fans.
We are here in the state ofWyoming.
We're getting closer to ourregional basketball.
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We've got one more week of 1A,2a basketball for boys and girls
and the 3A will go two moreweeks.
Regional tournaments will startup around the state for 1A, 2a
boys and girls next weekend andthe 3A will finish out their
season and so they alternatebetween those two.
In two weeks we'll have thestate tournament down in Casper
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for 1A, 2a and then the weekafter that they'll have the 3A
and 4A state tournament down inCasper.
So I know that some of theseareas have been affected by
travel but with that goodweather it's going to help a lot
with travel and it makes it alittle bit easier for all those
schools getting to these eventsin our area.
So I want to wish good luckRight now.
(07:39):
Here in Hot Springs County ourboys team is number one in 2A.
In Hot Springs County Our boysteam is number one in 2A.
We moved down last year from 3Adown to 2A this year with our
enrollment and they've beenpretty dominant in 2A.
They have lost three gamesduring the season but they're on
a win streak right now and Idon't see anybody in 2A that'll
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be able to beat them.
It's going to take a prettydown game and a pretty up game
for somebody to knock them off.
So they start regionals nextweek in Riverton.
And it's been a while sinceThermopolis has had a state
title contender.
The last time that Thermopolishad those state championship
teams were back in the early2000s.
(08:27):
They had some just unbelievableteams.
I didn't get a chance to seethem.
I moved to Thermopolis the yearafter.
That group won back-to-backtitles in 3A.
Now the following year they hadone player left and they did
end up in second place in state,losing to Lander.
But they have a pretty goodchance in 2A this year.
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So a lot of excitement here forthe Thermopolis boys basketball
team and also the girls.
But across the stateeverybody's getting ready and a
lot of excitement, a lot oftravel.
Wrestling is also going to bestarting up, their regional
tournaments coming up thisweekend and they will be getting
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going around the area and sogood luck to all the wrestlers.
Wyoming sports the Wyoming men'sbasketball team, had kind of an
up and down season.
They've been dealing with theissue that all college athletics
is having now with the NIL andit seems like they just end up
with a new team every year.
We've got a new coach this yearand just about similar results.
(09:35):
Just don't know who the playersare.
I turn on the TV and I can'ttell you who's who or anything.
The days of having a MarcusBailey and those players that
were here for four years, andLarry Nance and that group, it's
not going to happen anymore.
So pretty much it's really hadan effect on attendance to the
(09:57):
games and I don't blame fans.
It's really hard to get excitedwhen you really don't have a
clue who's out on the court.
Most of those players are goingto be gone after the season,
going to sign with someone else.
So it's a one-and-done seasonin sports right now.
So it's really put a blotch oneverything as far as I'm
concerned.
On the men's side, women'sbasketball the Cal girls are at
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or near the top.
They're always in that topone-third of the conference.
We'll see how they progresshere.
They've got UNLV as their biggame at the end of the season
and then we'll go to theMountain West Tournament where
they will most likely play UNLVI would say just the way I'm
looking at it in thechampionship game.
(10:42):
Winner of that would go on toqualify for the NCAA big dance.
So this year in NCAA women'sbasketball, no Caitlin Clark.
So not quite the sameexcitement as it has been in the
past.
But the sports continues onhere in the state of Wyoming and
with our high school andcollege athletics.
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Take a look at our historysection.
I found this story onwildhistoryorg Camping along the
early Lincoln Highway inWyoming by David Johnson In
2011,.
Archaeologists from the WesternArchaeological Services in Rock
Springs, wyoming, recorded ahistorical campsite located
along segments of the second andthird generation Lincoln
(11:28):
Highway in central SweetwaterCounty.
The site is at the western edgeof the Red Desert between
Rollins, wyoming and RockSprings.
The Red Desert, or the GreatDivide Basin, is a large
internally draining basin, some60 miles wide, which the Lincoln
Highway in the early andmid-20th century crossed from
(11:48):
east to west.
The early and mid-20th centurycrossed from east to west.
The continental divide splitsthe and encircles the basin.
Water flows to either theAtlantic or the Pacific.
The campsite contains clustersof inscriptions carved by
Lincoln Highway travelers onsandstone outcrops located off
the road.
These inscriptions date backfrom 1910 to the 1950s.
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There's also a scatter ofhistorical artifacts, including
glass bottle fragments, tin cansand fragments of ceramic
tableware.
The site was an informalcamping area which saw repeated
use over the early years of theLincoln Highway.
Use declined when the thirdgeneration Lincoln Highway
replaced the second generationroute in 1937.
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When I-80 was built in the1960s, the site was bypassed
altogether and forgotten.
The Lincoln Highway was a workin progress over five decades,
from 1913 to the construction ofI-80 in the 1960s.
The road was upgraded insegments within individual
counties rather than all at onceacross the entire state.
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As motor vehicles became larger, faster and more powerful, the
highway's design changed to meetthese advances.
The route was moved, curveswere straightened and roads were
widened.
Grades were lowered andimproved.
Surfacing was added to allowfor faster and safer travel.
The three distinct constructionphases are generally referred
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to as the first, second andthird generation highway.
There are no fixed dates forthese phases, as the highway was
upgraded whenever specificsegments were improved.
The first generation refers tothe original route designated by
the National Lincoln HighwayAssociation.
This road dates back from 1913to the 1920s.
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It stitched together existingunimproved wagon roads or, where
available, abandoned sectionsof the Union Pacific Railroad's
original 1868 transcontinentalroute West Granger in
southwestern Wyoming.
The original Lincoln Highwayused the Oregon Trail.
Little original constructionwas done on the early road.
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Wood and stone culverts andwooden bridges were built over
arroyos, but these were oftenflimsy and could not bear the
weight of heavy truck traffic.
The railroad grades were verynarrow.
It was nearly impossible foroncoming traffic to pass
Cropping the crest of a railroadgrade was necessary to widen
them for two-way traffic.
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The second generation highwaywas designated by the Lincoln
Highway Association as aboulevard.
It was 24 feet wide, two-laneimproved road surfaced with
gravel or crushed rock.
In the early 1930s the surfacewas often sprayed with oil.
Mecadam, an early form of roadpaving, was also used,
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especially on sections prone toerosion.
More substantial culverts andbridges were built over the
arroyos and the large steel andconcrete bridges across major
rivers.
Some second-generation segmentsnot upgraded to
third-generation status in the1930s were paved with asphalt
but were not otherwise alteredor widened.
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Second-generation roads sawmuch new construction and new
road alignment.
Third-generation routes wereconstructed from 1930 to 1940
through the completion of I-80in 1960.
These roads were 36 feet widetwo-lane highways with broad
shoulders.
Third generation segments werepaved with asphalt or rarely
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with concrete.
Some were upgraded secondgeneration routes, others were
original construction.
The development of the LincolnHighway across Wyoming in the
1910s and 1920s necessitated theparallel development of a
support infrastructure,including tourist accommodations
.
Two forms of touristaccommodations were used hotels
and campgrounds, existing hotelsin the late 19th and early 20th
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century were built in town andcity centers along or near the
railroad tracks.
In town and city centers alongor near the railroad tracks,
these hotels served localpatrons or people traveling by
train and were poorly suited bylocation and design for
automotive traffic.
The 1916 Complete Official RoadGuide of the Lincoln Highway
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listed 36 Wyoming communitiesalong the Lincoln Highway
between Pine Bluffs on the eastand Evanston on the west.
Of these 36 towns, 17 or 47percent had hotel accommodations
for a total of 43 hotels.
27 hotels, or 63 percent, werelocated in major cities,
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including Cheyenne, laramie,rollins, rock Springs, green
River and Evanston.
16 hotels were located in 11smaller communities, either one
or two to a town.
There were five hotels locatedbetween Pine Bluffs and Cheyenne
, no hotels between Cheyenne andLaramie, four hotels in three
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towns between Laramie andRolllins, two hotels located
between Rawlins and Rock Springsand five hotels in three towns
between Green River and Evanston.
The other form of accommodationutilized by Lincoln Highway
tourists was campgrounds.
Lincoln Highway camping wasinitially a western feature due
in part to the relatively smallnumber of towns with hotels and
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long distance and bad roadsbetween them.
Very few camping areas werelocated in the eastern states
because towns with hotels werenumerous and closely spaced,
with better quality roadsresulting in faster travel.
The Lincoln Highway Associationencouraged camping as a way of
saving money and to deal withthe lack of hotel accommodations
across the West.
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The Lincoln Highway OfficialRoad Guide published long lists
of camping equipment with earlymotorists were advised to bring
with them for anticipatedcamping stops and of preceding
breakdowns.
This list of recommendedsupplies for a trip on the
Oregon Trail in the late 1850s.
Like those Oregon Trailforebearers, early Lincoln
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Highway motor campers in Wyomingsaw most campsites as a point
along the way, not a destination.
At first, campers simply parkedalong the side of the road.
Because these stays werelargely overnight, the lack of
formal campgrounds was notoverly important.
Groceries could be purchased inany town and necessities such
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as water or firewood could beattained from sympathetic
ranchers or railroad camps.
Of the 36 communities betweenPine Bluffs and Evanston, 18 had
campsites by 1916.
No campsites were locatedbetween Pine Bluffs and Cheyenne
or between Cheyenne and Laramie.
There was camping in Cheyenne.
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The 13 communities betweenLaramie and Rawlins had 11
camping areas.
Three of the seven communitiesbetween Rawlins and Rock Springs
and three of the fivecommunities between Green River
and Evanston also had campsites.
Most of these early campingareas were unimproved fields.
By 1920, it was estimated thatone-third of all Lincoln Highway
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motor tourists camped for partor all of their journey.
It was becoming apparent thatmotor tourists had money to
spend and it was of economicbenefits to town and cities to
convince them to stop and spendit.
Towns and cities began to buildformal municipal campgrounds
within city limits to enticetourists to spend time and money
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in their town.
Wyoming's first significantLincoln Highway municipal
campground opened in Cheyenne in1920.
Cheyenne was an important hubon the Lincoln Highway as it was
a junction with roads to Denver, yellowstone Park and the
Colorado Rockies.
It was also a touristdestination hosting the Frontier
Days Rodeo which attracted tensof thousands of visitors each
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July.
The Cheyenne MunicipalCampground became the largest
and most elaborate campgroundalong the Lincoln Highway in
Wyoming.
It came to including washingand cooking facilities, a store,
post office, touristinformation, firewood and
shelter from inclement weather.
From 1920 to 1923, camping atthe Cheyenne Municipal
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Campground was free.
Expenses were covered by localbusinesses.
In 1923, the campground beganto charge 50 cents per night,
about a $9 value in 2024.
To support the facilities anddiscourage squatters, the
success of the CheyenneMunicipal Campground quickly
inspired other cities and towns,including Pine Bluffs, laramie,
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rock River, rollins, rockSprings and Green River, to
build their own municipalcampgrounds.
They were also free, at leastat first.
As municipal campgrounds grewand developed, towns tried to
discourage roadside camping,which was seen as a health
hazard, as well as competitionwith formal campgrounds.
In 1925, cheyenne civic leaderscoined the phrase promiscuous
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camping to describe tourists whoset up camp in empty lots or in
areas just out of Cheyenne citylimits in order to avoid paying
the municipal camping fee.
Roadside camps were seen asdangerous and dirty and perhaps
more important to urban leadersshowed a lack of civil spirit.
In not supporting the municipalcampgrounds, civic leaders
began to lobby for ordinanceprohibiting roadside camping.
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By the late 1920s, tent campingbegan to evolve into motorcarts
which consisted of small,unfurnished wood-framed cabins.
Tourists also had to supplytheir own cooking and sleeping
gear.
Like the tent camping grounds,motor courts began to add
amenities including stores, gasstations, washing and cooking
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equipment.
After World War II, motelsbecame the ultimate expression
of tourist accommodations.
Hotels became the ultimateexpression of tourist
accommodations, but despitestate and local laws and the
interstate highway system,roadside camping never entirely
disappeared.
The Red Desert Lincoln Highwaycampsite is located at the west
edge of the Great Divide Basin.
The site consists of aninformal roadside camping area
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along the second and thirdgeneration segments of the
Lincoln Highway.
The second generation highwaysegment consists of a two-lane
boulevard built in 1920s LincolnHighway standards.
The route of the 1920 variantwas originally surveyed in 1919
and followed the firstgeneration route.
The highway consists of 24-footwide two-lane boulevards.
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The roadbed consists of lowberm with shallow barrow ditches
.
To the east and west the roadhad been surfaced with crushed
rock gravel.
Some asphalt isn't present.
South of the segment, near thecrossing of the 1930 variant, it
sees no modern traffic.
The third generation segmentconsists of a two-lane paved
highway built in 1937 to 1930Lincoln Highway standards.
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The segment consists of a36-foot wide two-lane highway
paved with asphalt.
Yellow center lines are stillvisible across much of the
segment.
The highway follows existingterrain.
However, shallow cuts arepresent along the crests of the
finger ridges and fills arepresent across the bottom of
valleys.
Integrity of the asphalt pavingand the presence of those
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yellow center lines indicatesthat this segment was maintained
up to 1960 when it was replacedby I-80.
The segment sees occasionalmodern traffic.
The campsite consists of fivesandstone rock outcrops
containing historicalinscriptions dating to the early
20th century and a scatterer ofhistorical artifacts which date
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to the same period.
Inscriptions are located oneither side of the second
generation Lincoln Highway.
The third generation segment ofthe Lincoln Highway is located
approximately 150 feet south ofthis site of the Lincoln Highway
is located approximately 150feet south of this site.
The inscriptions are located onfive isolated sandstone
outcrops, designated to panels 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
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Panels 1 and 2 are located tothe east of the 1920 Lincoln
Highway segment, and panel 3, 4,and 5 are located west of the
road segments.
Fragments of broken glass arepresent at the base of several
of these outcrops, indicatingthat these artifacts were used
to carve at least some of theinscriptions.
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The largest set of inscriptionsis located on panel 1, a large
sandstone outcrop located to theeast of the 1920 Lincoln
Highway segment.
Panel 1 is in an isolatedsandstone outcrop approximately
105 feet long by 50 foot wide,by 6 foot to 10 foot tall.
The outcrop is locatedapproximately 60 feet east of
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the 1920 Lincoln Highway segment.
The inscriptions areconcentrated along the south,
southeast and southwest side ofthe outcrop.
The inscriptions consist ofnames and initials, with a small
number of location and severaldates On panel two.
It is located on a smallisolated sandstone outcrop
located approximately 40 footeast of panel one.
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Panel two is approximately 20feet long by 12 foot wide and 6
foot tall.
Inscriptions are found on allsides of the outcrop.
Panel 3 is located on the westof the Lincoln Highway 1920
variant at the north end of thesite.
The panel is a small isolatedsandstone outcrop.
It is located approximately 40feet west of the highway segment
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, at the base of a ridge formingthe west side of the valley, 40
feet west of the highwaysegment, at the base of a ridge
forming the west side of thevalley.
The sandstone outcrop isapproximately 15 feet long by 15
feet wide and 5 feet tall.
Few inscriptions were noted onthis outcrop.
Panel 4 is a small sandstoneoutcrop located on the west side
of the site, approximately 30feet south of panel 3 and 60
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feet west of the Lincoln Highwaysegment.
The outcrop is 12 foot long by12 foot high by 5 foot wide.
Only two inscriptions werenoted on this outcrop.
And Panel 5 is a relativelylarge sandstone outcrop located
west of the Lincoln Highwaysegment along the west side of
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the valley.
The outcrop is located 100 feetsouth of panel 4 and 30 feet
west of the Lincoln Highwaysegment.
The outcrop is 30 foot long, 15feet wide by 6 foot tall.
Inscriptions are located on theeast, south and north side of
the outcrop.
Historical artifacts were foundacross the site.
Artifacts include food storagecans, glass bottle fragments and
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ceramic tableware.
Glass bottle fragments includesolarized amethyst glass, brown
glass, white glass and clearglass bottle fragments.
Solarized amethyst glass bottlefragments include one wide
mouth rim from a milk bottle.
Brown and clear glass bottlefragments were alcoholic or
non-alcoholic beverage bottles.
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White glass fragments are fromthe personal bottles, likely
cold cream or lotion.
Decorative glass fragments thatwere also found are likely
bowls or cups.
Two identifiable bottle markswere found at that site, one
dated between 1900 and 1929.
The second dated between 1929and 1954.
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Ceramic tableware fragmentswere also present at the site.
At least two plates arerepresented by the fragments.
One was a manufacturer between1914 and 1925.
The second date was from 1894to 1909.
In addition to glass andceramics, tin can fragments are
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also noted.
One hole in top can and sixsanitary can fragments held
fruit or vegetables.
One evaporated milk can and onebeer can which had been opened
with a church key were alsonoted.
The artifacts and inscriptionsfound at the site indicate this
was an informal roadsidecampsite for the Lincoln Highway
motorists.
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The narrow valley and rockoutcrops may have provided a
welcome change from therelatively unambiguous scenery
that had been seen during thelong crossing of the Red Desert.
Historical documents do notmention this area as a formal
camp.
No structural remains werefound.
The date inscriptions anddiagnostic artifacts all point
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to the site being used duringthe early to mid-20th century.
Canned goods, evaporated milkand beverage.
Bottles and cans indicate thatmeals were prepared and consumed
at the site.
Meals included canned fruit orvegetables, were served on
ceramic plates and in glassbowls or cups.
Alcohol and non-alcoholicbeverages were consumed.
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Lotion or cold cream bottlesindicate personal health or
hygiene was also practiced atthe site.
While stopped at the site,motorists carved their names
into the sandstone outcrops.
The dates on panel 1 range from1918 to 1925.
The dates on panel 2 range fromthe 1930s to 1956.
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The diagnostic bottles datedfrom 1900 to 1929 and from 1929
to 1954.
Ceramic plate dates from 1894to 1909 and 1914 to 1925.
The inscription dates and thefull diagnostic artifacts all
fall within the range of use ofthe first, second and third
generation variants of theLincoln Highway.
Inscriptions by motorists fromPulaski, wisconsin, astoria,
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oregon, Salt Lake and possiblyMassachusetts and Georgia showed
that people from across thecountry stopped here.
No other cities or towns arelocated within eight miles of
the site.
The Red Desert Roadside Campsitereflects an important aspect of
early travel on the LincolnHighway.
In Wyoming, roadside campinggrew out of lack of alternative
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accommodations the longdistances, poor roads and lack
of accommodations in the RedDesert that travelers could
create their informal stops ontheir own.
Even the development of privateand municipal campgrounds in
the 1920s did not bring an endto roadside camping.
It was a critical feature inearly tourist travel, fulfilling
a need which other availableaccommodations could not satisfy
(29:51):
.
Very interesting story on thestart of motor travel.
Today we look at our state andthat's all we see.
Going down the road are campers, motorhomes and campers
especially in the summer it'sreal heavy here.
And how much we've changed withour ability, with our vehicles
and our roads and ourcampgrounds a time in our
history that made Wyoming whatwe are today.
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Thanks for joining us today andwe hope you enjoy our podcast.
As per the code of the West, weride for the brand and we ride
for Wyoming.
We'll be right back 3, 2, 1, go© BF-WATCH TV 2021.