What if the words we use to describe autism, ADHD, and other forms of neurodivergence determine who gets support versus stigma?
In this inaugural episode of Neuro Rebel Podcast, Anita, scholar, late-diagnosed autistic at 52, and advocate, reveals how language constructs or destroys futures for millions of neurodivergent minds worldwide.
What you'll discover:
- Why the neurodiversity paradigm is revolutionizing public policy, insurance codes, and human lives globally
- How autistic people typing in 1990s internet forums sparked a movement now influencing corporations like Microsoft, SAP, and Google
- The crucial difference between the traditional medical model (viewing neurodivergence as a disorder) and the neurodiversity paradigm (recognizing it as natural human variation)
- Why changing "disorder" to "condition" can mean millions of dollars in different services and supports
- Real stories of how language transforms identities—including Anita's late diagnosis that revolutionized her understanding of 50 years of life
Who this episode is for: ✓ Neurodivergent people (diagnosed or questioning) ✓ Parents and families navigating autism, ADHD, dyslexia diagnoses ✓ Educators and mental health professionals ✓ Employers interested in neurodiversity inclusion ✓ Anyone curious why "normal" is just a washing machine setting
Connect with us: 🌐 Website: NeuroRebelPodcast.com 📧 Email: neurorebelpodcast@gmail.com 📱 Leave a voice message on our website
Building a global community where every kind of mind can thrive. From Mexico to the world, in Spanish with English resources available.
Duration: 35 minutes
Thank you for listening to Neuro Rebel — the bilingual podcast where we flip the script on what it means to think differently. I’m your host, Anita: autistic, gifted, and a retired law professor on a mission to bring rigor, empathy, and a dash of rebellion to conversations about neurodiversity.
🔍 What we do:
Each week, we blend evidence-based deep dives, solo reflections, and candid interviews with researchers and lived-experience experts. Expect English ↔ Español segments, sharp wit, real stories and actionable insights you can share with friends, colleagues, and classrooms.
🎧 Stay connected:
• Subscribe on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Pocket Casts, or wherever you listen.
• 📲 Follow us on Instagram and TikTok @neurorebelpodcast for bonus clips, show notes, and community prompts.
• 💌 Join our mailing list at https://www.neurorebelpodcast.com for episode transcripts, resource guides, and early access to live Q&As.
🤝 Support the show:
If Neuro Rebel sparks new questions, challenges assumptions or simply makes you feel seen, please tell a friend or leave a rating—it means the world. You can also support us directly with a one-time donation or “buy me a coffee” at www.neurorebelpodcast.com/support Your generosity keeps this project fiercely independent, bilingual, and free of corporate agendas.
⚠️ Disclaimer:
Opinions expressed here are mine alone and do not constitute professional...
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Transcript
Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
Anita (00:05):
Welcome to the Neuro Rebel Podcast, where brains of
all kinds don't just survive.
They thrive, sparkle, andoccasionally throw glitter bombs
at the status quo.
I'm Anita your host, andwhether you're tuning in from
your morning commute, yourfavorite reading chair, or
(00:28):
taking a break between meetings,imagine we're sharing a spaced.
Designed just for us.
No judgment, no pressure, justreal conversation about what it
means to be neurodivergent in aworld that assumes everyone,
thinks, learns, and processes,information the exact same way.
(00:51):
Get comfortable.
Settle in wherever you are.
You know that feeling when youfind a conversation that makes
you think differently aboutsomething you thought you
understood.
That's our vibe here.
Now, before we dive intotoday's topic, let me ask you
something.
(01:11):
Have you ever felt like you'replaying a video game where
everyone else got the strategyguide, but you are stuck trying
to figure out if you're holdingthe controller upside down?
Like you're trying to dance toa rhythm everyone else hears in
perfect four, four time, butyour brain insists on throwing
(01:33):
in some jazz improv and maybe alittle interpretive movement if
that hits different, and I betit does.
Then welcome home community.
You're exactly where you needto be.
Today we are tackling theneurodiversity paradigm.
(01:53):
Now paradigm might sound likeacademic jargon, and honestly,
it kind of is, but the ideabehind it is beautifully simple
and incredibly powerful.
It provides a fundamental shiftin how humanity understands
brains like ours.
The neurodiversity paradigm isabout the language we use to
(02:17):
define what's normal, what'svaluable, and what's possible
for human minds.
And why start with somethingthat sounds like theory.
Because language isn't just howwe talk about neurodivergence,
it's how we think about it andultimately how we treat it.
Every word carries a worldviewdisorder carries a belief that
(02:41):
different brains need fixing.
Neurodiversity carries thebelief that different brains
need understanding.
These aren't just vocabularychoices.
They're competing blueprintsfor how to build schools, write
policies, and see one another.
Their belief systemsmasquerading as medical terms.
(03:03):
So we start with languagebecause once you see the beliefs
hidden in the words, you can'tunsee them, and that's when real
change begins.
It's 3:00 AM I'm Googling.
Why does everything hurt forthe hundredth time this month?
(03:26):
Why can't I just make my braindo the things it used to do?
Fluorescent lights feel likedaggers, small talk feels like
calculus and my brain.
This brain that was supposedlyhigh functioning and had it all
together suddenly can't figureout how to navigate a simple
(03:48):
encounter without wanting tocrawl under the table and cry.
The search results are useless.
Try meditation.
They say, maybe it's stress.
Just get over it or try this orthat medication.
Nothing worked.
But then buried on page four ofsome obscure forum, I find a
(04:12):
word that changes everything.
Autism.
I'm 52 years old and I've justdiscovered that my brain isn't
broken.
It's just been speaking adifferent language this whole
time, and nobody, nottherapists, not psychiatrists,
(04:33):
including me.
Knew how to translate that.
Discovery didn't just change mylife.
It sent me down a rabbit holethat revealed how a handful of
autistic people typing.
In 1990s chat rooms sparked alinguistic revolution.
That's rewriting policies,paychecks, and possibilities for
(04:56):
millions of minds worldwide.
Hey, community, and welcome tothe episode one of Informed
Neurodiversity.
Here's what you need to knowabout me.
I'm autistic gifted and spentmy entire professional life
collecting achievements likethey were Pokemon cards,
(05:18):
degrees, tenure publications, aFulbright.
All while feeling like I waswearing an ill-fitting human
suit that everyone else seemedto find perfectly comfortable,
but feeling spectacularly atbeing human autistic burnout and
depression finally forced me tostep away from academia, but
(05:41):
plot twist, it also led me tothe most important discovery of
my life.
Understanding myneurodivergence didn't just
explain my past.
It revolutionized my future.
And now I'm here building thispodcast from Mexico where I
volunteer with autistic adultsbecause I'm passionate about one
(06:02):
thing, making sure nobody elsehas to wait 50 years to
understand their own brain.
Today we're deep diving intothe neurodiversity paradigm, and
trust me, this isn't yourtherapist's medical model.
We're going to explore how thewords we use to describe
different brains literallychanges laws lives, and who gets
(06:28):
to thrive versus barelysurvive.
Whether you're neurodivergentlove someone who is work with
different minds or are justcurious.
Why your coworker needs thosenoise canceling headphones to
function.
This is for you and for thosetuning in from Buenos Aires to
Miami, from Mexico City toMadrid.
(06:50):
We're building a globalconversation here because
different minds existeverywhere.
Even if the language todescribe us is still catching
up, ready to flip everything youthought you knew about being
normal on its head.
Let's do it.
Let's start with a thesis thatmight scramble your circuits.
(07:12):
The way we talk about differentbrains isn't just semantics.
It's the scaffolding thatdetermines who gets support
versus stigma.
Who gets accommodated versusalienated, and who gets to
define the narrative of theirown minds.
But first, let me give you somecontext.
(07:32):
For over a century, the worldhas understood autism, A DHD,
dyslexia and otherneurodevelopmental conditions
through what we call the medicalmodel.
This is the framework thatshaped how doctors, educators,
therapists, and society at largehave approached neurological
(07:52):
differences.
The medical model sees theseconditions as medical problems
residing within individuals thatis disorders to be diagnosed,
treated, and ideally cured, orat least managed to minimize
their impact under the medicalmodel.
The goal is to help people withthese conditions become as
(08:16):
normal as possible.
It's the reason why for decadesthe focus has been on
eliminating autistic behaviors,medicating A DHD to reduce
symptoms and intensiveinterventions to help dyslexic
kids read the right way.
Let me paint you a picture ofhow this plays out.
(08:38):
Picture this, I.
Little Maria is in third grade.
She reads at college level, butshe can't tie her shoes.
She notices that leaves haveexactly 37 veins, but misses
that her classmate is crying.
During recess, she catalogscloud types while other kids
(08:59):
play tag.
Under the medical model, thedominant framework for the last
century.
Maria has deficits.
She needs social skilltraining, occupational therapy,
and interventions to make herappear more, um, normal.
But here's the thing about themedical model that nobody talks
(09:21):
about at cocktail parties.
It assumes there's one correctway for a brain to work, and any
deviation is a bug to be fixedrather than a feature.
To be understood, enter theneurodiversity paradigm stage,
left wearing a cape and possiblystemming the neurodiversity
(09:45):
paradigm emerged in the 1990s asa radically different way of
understanding the sameneurological differences.
But instead of seeing them asdisorders or deficits, it views
them as natural variations inhuman neurology, part of the
normal spectrum of humanbiodiversity.
(10:06):
the neurodiversity paradigmsays, wait a minute, what if
Maria's brain isn't broken atall?
What if she's part of thenatural variation in human
neurology?
Like how some people have browneyes and others have blue.
Some are night owls and othersare morning larks.
Nobody sends left-handed peopleto therapy to become
(10:29):
right-handed anymore.
Why don't we diagnose blue eyesas a pigmentation deficit?
So why do we still treatneurological differences as
disorders to be fixed ratherthan variations to be
understood?
The neurodiversity paradigmgets it.
Neurological differences cancreate real struggles.
(10:53):
I struggle every day, but itasks a different question, are
you struggling becausesomething's wrong with you?
Or because the world around youonly works for one type of
brain, let me translate thatwith a story that'll make you
want to flip tables in the bestway possible.
(11:13):
I once had a colleague, abrilliant researcher, a
published prolifically.
Students loved her, but shestruggled in meetings, needed
written agendas and processedinformation differently.
She took notes and colors thatlooked like rainbow explosions.
The university's response.
(11:35):
Send her to communicationworkshops, suggest she try
harder to quote, fit in.
Nobody asked.
What if we just gave herwritten agendas?
Let her take rainbow notes.
Recognize that her differentprocessing style was exactly
what made her researchinnovative.
(11:56):
She left academia.
The university lost a brilliantmind.
All because they were treatingher differences as defects
rather than designing anenvironment where different
minds could thrive, this is whatthe neurodiversity paradigm
challenges.
Instead of asking how do we fixthe person it asks, how do we
(12:19):
fix the environment?
Now I can already hear some ofyou thinking, but Anita, what
about people with significantsupport needs?
What about real challenges?
Great question.
Hypothetical listener withexcellent critical thinking
skills.
The neurodiversity paradigmisn't about pretending
(12:41):
challenges don't exist or thateveryone's needs are the same.
It's about recognizing thatdisability happens at the
intersection of individualdifferences and environmental
barriers.
Think about it this way.
A person who uses a wheelchairisn't disabled by their legs.
(13:01):
They're disabled by the stairs.
The disability rights movementtaught us to build ramps.
The neurodiversity paradigm isteaching us to build cognitive
ramps and change the language weuse to describe neurodivergent
people and our struggles.
Here's the key distinction.
(13:21):
Neurodiversity refers to thefact that human brains vary.
It is a biological reality.
Like biodiversity.
Neurodivergent describesindividuals whose brains diverge
from typical pattern.
We are all part ofNeurodiversity.
We are all neurodiverse, butnot everyone is neurodivergent.
(13:43):
Got it.
Good.
Because this distinction isabout to matter in ways that
affect everything.
From insurance codes toidentity information, Here's
today's million dollar thesis.
Language isn't just how wedescribe reality, it's the tool
(14:04):
we use to construct it.
And when it comes toneurodivergence vocabulary
literally shapes policy fundingand whether kids get support or
stigma, it matters.
Language matters.
Let me tell you a story aboutbureaucratic absurdity.
(14:26):
That's like trying to cancel agym membership through a maze of
automated phone menus, and itwould make your insurance
company nervous once upon atime.
1980 to be exact, autism wasclassified as infantile autism
in the DSM three.
Infantile as in only forinfants, as in apparently
(14:51):
autistic kids magicallytransform into neurotypical
adults at midnight on their 18thbirthday, like some reverse
Cinderella situation.
Trust me, autistic adultsexist.
And why is this important?
Because the DSM is theDiagnostic and Statistical
Manual Psychiatry's Bible, thebig book of official diagnoses
(15:16):
that every mental healthprofessional uses.
When your therapist says youhave a DHD or your kid gets an
autism diagnosis, they are usingthe DSM criteria insurance
companies worship this book.
If it's not in the DSM, goodluck getting coverage or even
(15:37):
diagnosed.
If it's not there, it doesn'texist.
Insurance companies looked atthe word infantile and made a
business decision.
Autism is a childhood disorder.
No adult coverage needed.
Fast forward through decades ofautistic adults being
(15:59):
misdiagnosed with everythingfrom schizophrenia to just being
difficult.
In 2013, the DSM did somethingrevolutionary.
They officially said, Hey,autism doesn't end at age 18.
That single update changedeverything.
Adults could finally getdiagnosed instead of being told
(16:22):
that they were too old to beautistic, insurance had to pay
attention, services had to growup with their clients.
In 2022, the ICD 11reclassified autism as a
neurodevelopmental conditionrather than a disorder.
The ICD 11 is the World HealthOrganization's Diagnostic
(16:46):
Manual.
It's what most of the worlduses for medical billing codes,
which means it directly controlswhat treatments get covered and
for diagnoses of all healthconditions, tiny word change,
but massive implication shiftbilling codes exist for
(17:07):
accommodations, not justtreatment support tools,
environmental adaptations, notjust individual fixes.
The linguistic mathematics arestaggering, change disorder to
condition, and millions ofdollars in different services
(17:27):
are unleashed.
Change treatment to support andfundamentally different
approaches to help appearchange, deficit to difference,
and it completely transformsself concepts for actual human
beings.
But here's where it gets juicyenough for Netflix to option.
(17:51):
The insurance companies didn'tmake these changes from the
goodness of their actuarialhearts.
They were forced by somethingunprecedented.
Autistic people who learn tospeak fluent bureaucracy.
The neurodiversity movement'sgreatest innovation wasn't just
(18:11):
claiming that different wasn'tdeficit, it was learning to
translate that truth into thelanguage of power, policy
papers, diagnostic manuals, andinsurance codes.
Let me paint you a picture ofhow this plays out in real life,
beyond the spreadsheets andcommittee meetings.
(18:33):
Meet Jamie, not their realname, but their real story.
Diagnosed A DHD at 35.
Their insurance coveredmedication to make them less a
DHD end of coverage story.
Then their therapist, one ofthose radical rebels who
actually listened to theneurodivergent people, gets
(18:56):
creative with coding.
And instead of treating A DHD,they're now supporting executive
function differences andproviding environmental
adaptation strategies.
Suddenly insurance covers noisecanceling headphones for
sensory accommodation taskmanagement apps for cognitive
(19:17):
support and flexible workschedules for environmental
modification.
Same brain, same challenges,different words, completely
different life outcomes.
This is linguistic alchemy.
Turning the lead of pathologyinto the gold of accommodation,
one vocabulary shift at a time.
(19:39):
But, and this is crucial,language doesn't just change
systems.
It changes souls when you growup hearing your brain described
with words like disordered,deficient, impaired.
Those words don't just live indiagnostic manuals, they move
(20:02):
into your self concept set upshop and redecorate with shame
curtains.
I spent 50 years thinking I wasa broken neurotypical person,
desperately trying to pass asfunctional.
I thought I came from anotherplanet and had lost all hope to
(20:22):
ever fit in, or that someone,anyone would understand me.
The day I learned the languageof neurodiversity, that I was a
perfectly valid autistic personwho'd been playing in the wrong
rule book.
Everything shifted.
There was an identitytransformation.
(20:45):
The neurodiversity paradigmsvocabulary doesn't just describe
different experiences.
It provides the language peopleneed to understand and advocate
for themselves.
My executive dysfunction becamedifferent.
Processing needs.
My sensory overwhelm becameenvironmental sensitivity.
(21:07):
Requiring accommodation, myinability to engage in small
talk became a communicationdifference, not a deficit.
Same brain, same me.
Revolutionary new user manual.
Ready for the wildest plot inthis history of the language and
(21:28):
neurodiversity the internet.
Yes.
That same internet where peopleargue about pineapple and pizza
became the underground railroadfor the neurodiversity
movement, and autistic peoplewere the conductors.
1993, the internet sounds likeR 2D two having an existential
(21:50):
crisis.
Most people are still trying tofigure out what the at symbol
means.
But in obscure corners ofcyberspace, something
revolutionary is brewing.
For the first time in humanhistory, autistic people can
communicate without the sensoryoverwhelm of face to face
(22:11):
interaction.
No eye contact required.
No real time processingpressure.
No fluorescent lights, justtext time and the radical
possibility of finding otherslike you.
Neurological Diversity.
Batman.
Did they find each other?
(22:33):
Wait, you rehearseconversations too?
You mean everyone doesn't needa recovery day after they go
grocery shopping?
Hold up.
You are telling me organizingmy books by the color spectrum
and publication date isn'tstandard.
These weren't just randominternet conversations.
(22:54):
These were identity formingmoments happening at 4.4
kilobits per second.
Enter Jim Sinclair, who droppedwhat I consider the
neurodiversity MovementsDeclaration of Independence in
1993.
The essay don't mourn for uscore revolutionary statement.
(23:17):
Autism isn't something a personhas, it's a way of being.
It is not possible to separatethe person from the autism the
medical model just got serveddial up style.
What followed was the mostquietly radical revolution
you've never heard of.
(23:37):
International organizationslike Autism Network
International started hostingonline conferences, not
conferences about autisticpeople conferences by and for
autistic people.
The paradigm shift was real.
For the first time, autisticpeople weren't case studies or
(23:58):
patients or subjects.
They were the experts on theirown experience building
community and theory in realtime.
But here's where it gets spicyenough to trend on whatever
social media platform the kidsare using these days.
The online autistic community,didn't just find each other.
They started comparativeanalysis.
(24:21):
They realized.
Those sensory issues that thedoctors wanted to eliminate.
Actually, it was a crucialself-regulation strategy.
Those obsessive interests thatneeded moderating.
They are often the source ofdeep expertise and career paths.
The social deficits requiringintensive intervention.
(24:43):
Might actually be culturaldifferences between neurotypes.
When autistic people startedcomparing notes online, they
didn't just build a community,they crowdsource a complete
reframe of what autism reallyand actually meant.
Let me give you my favoriteexample of this paradigm shift
(25:05):
in action, and that's stemming.
For decades, the therapeuticgoal was to eliminate
stereotyped behaviors, handflapping, rocking, spinning, And
that was to make autistic kidsindistinguishable from their
peers.
That is to transform them intoneurotypical kids.
(25:27):
Quiet your hands still, yourbodies.
Then the online autisticcommunity compared notes and
went, wait a minute.
Stemming helps us regulatesensory input, process emotions,
maintain focus, express joy,manage anxiety.
Stopping Stimming wasn'thelping.
(25:48):
It was like forcing someone tohold their breath.
Sure, they could do it for awhile.
But at what cost?
Research confirms what autisticpeople knew all along.
Stemming is adaptive, notpathological, suppressing.
It correlates with increasedanxiety, depression, and
(26:10):
something we now call autisticburnout.
But it took autistic peoplesaying, Hey.
Maybe ask us about our ownexperiences for science to catch
up when marginalizedcommunities gain platforms to
share collective experiences,they don't just tell stories.
They generate legitimateexpertise that challenges
(26:34):
professional paradigms.
The conversation moved fromChat Rooms to live journal, to
Twitter to TikTok.
Each platform shift brought newvoices, new perspectives, and
new ways to challenge themedical model's monopoly on
meaning.
And then something unexpectedhappened.
The corporation started payingattention.
(26:56):
Not out of altruism, let's bereal.
But because they noticedsomething, the medical model
missed many of their mostinnovative employees were
neurodivergent.
The pattern recognition skills,the systematic thinking, the
ability to spot errors, othersmissed.
The hyperfocus that could solveproblems.
(27:19):
Abandoned capitalism meetsneurodiversity.
When businesses realizedneurodivergent minds could mean
competitive advantage, theconversation shifted from
charity to strategy and suddenlyeveryone wanted to talk about
neurological diversity.
Microsoft launched an autismhiring program, SAP followed
(27:44):
then ey Dell, Goldman Sachs,Walt Disney, and others not
perfect programs.
We'll critique those anotherday, but a fundamental shift.
Neurodivergence is an asset,not just an accommodation Need.
The movement that started withautistic people typing in the
(28:05):
digital darkness had officiallygone mainstream.
the neurodiversity paradigmisn't just a Western academic
concept, it's a global humanrights movement, adapting to
local cultures while maintaininguniversal principles of dignity
and self-determination.
(28:25):
Remember how I mentioned I'mbuilding this podcast for a
global community that's ourrecognition that neurodivergent
brains exist everywhere, but thelanguage and support for them
varies wildly by geography,culture, and who holds the
linguistic power.
Let me tell you about myvolunteer work here in Mexico
(28:48):
where I work with anorganization supporting autistic
adults.
The linguistic battles here arefascinating and infuriating and
equal measure.
In Spanish, the medicalestablishment clings to the term
disorder, but advocacy groupsare pushing for condition or
even better neurodivergence.
Every family meeting where weuse the term condition instead
(29:12):
of disorder, we watch parents'shoulders drop their questions
shift from, how do I fix thisto, how do I support this?
Language shapes reality inevery culture.
The words available in eachlanguage, don't just describe
neurodivergence.
They prescribe how societiesrespond to it.
(29:34):
In Japan, the concept ofconnection or bonds influences
how neurodiversity isunderstood.
The movement there focuses lesson individual rights and more
on relational harmony.
How can different mindsmaintain harmony while being
autistic?
In India, neurodiversityadvocates navigate complex
(29:58):
intersections of cased class andlinguistic diversity, fighting
for recognition in Hindi,English to meal, Bengali, and
dozens of other languages, eachwith its own cultural weight.
In Brazil, the termneurodiversity is gaining
ground, but advocates face thechallenge of translating
(30:18):
concepts across Portuguese whilecombating deeply entrenched
medical model thinking.
The neurodiversity movement's,core principles translate across
cultures, but its expressionmust be culturally fluent to
create real change.
What works in Manhattan won'tnecessarily work in Mumbai,
Mexico City or Montevideo, butthe fundamental recognition that
(30:42):
neurological diversity is partof human diversity resonates
everywhere.
Young neurodivergent, peopleworldwide aren't waiting for
permission to claim theirnarratives.
They are creating content,building communities, and
demanding recognition in everylanguage, on every platform, in
(31:04):
every corner of our connectedworld.
The revolution that started inEnglish language chat rooms is
now a multilingual,multicultural movement that
refuses to be silenced.
So here we are, community.
We've traveled from my 3:00 AMdesperate Googling to global
(31:26):
movements, from insurance codesto identity revolutions, from
dial up forums to internationaladvocacy.
The neurodiversity paradigmisn't just an academic
framework.
It's an invitation to co-createa world where every kind of
mind can thrive, and thatinvitation is addressed to you.
(31:47):
Let me be crystal clear aboutsomething.
This isn't about pretendingdifferences don't create
challenges.
My executive dysfunction isreal.
Sensory overwhelm can bedebilitating.
Social communication can beisolating, but the
neurodiversity paradigm says,what if we stopped trying to
(32:08):
eliminate these differences andstarted accommodating them?
What if we designed classrooms,workplaces, and communities
that expected neurologicaldiversity instead of being
surprised by it, your mission,should you choose to accept it
this week, change one word.
(32:29):
Just one.
If you're a teacher, trydifferent learning style instead
of learning disability.
If you're a parent, use supportneeds.
Instead of deficits.
If you're a therapist, askabout environmental barriers and
not just behavioral challenges.
(32:49):
If you're an employer, thinkaccommodation.
Not special treatment.
If you're neurodivergent, trydescribing yourself with
language that acknowledges yourchallenges without defining you
by them.
And if you're a human beingwith an interest in these
issues, notice the language usedaround you.
(33:11):
Question it, challenge it,change it.
Here's how to join this globalcommunity.
Subscribe to Neuro Rebelwherever you get your podcasts.
Leave us a rating and review.
It helps other members of ourcommunity find us in the vast
podcast universe, and I ameternally grateful for your
(33:32):
support.
Visit neuro Rebel podcast.comfor transcripts, resources, and
ways to share your story.
Because this movement is incomplete without your voice, I
would welcome your participationin this podcast.
You can even leave a voicemessage on my website.
I'm building this as a globalcommunity, whether you're in
(33:53):
Argentina, where I grew up, theUnited States, where I built my
career, or Mexico, where I livenow or anywhere else on this
beautiful neurodiverse planet, Iwant to hear from you have a
story about how language changedyour life.
Want to share howneurodiversity is understood in
your culture?
Are you interested in beingpart of future episodes?
(34:16):
Email us.
Or contact us through ourwebsite, you are not broken.
You are not a puzzle with amissing piece.
You are not a problem to besolved.
You're part of the naturalvariation in human neurology.
Your challenges are real anddeserve support.
(34:37):
Your differences are valid.
And deserve respect.
Your voice matters and deservesto be heard.
The neurodiversity paradigmisn't just changing how we think
about different brains.
It's changing who gets to dothe thinking nothing about us
(35:02):
without us.
So welcome to the neuro rebelcommunity.
Together.
We're not just surviving in aneurotypical world, we are
building a neurodiverse one.
Until next time.
This is Anita, your friendlyneighborhood Neuro Rebel,
reminding you that normal is asetting on a washing machine and
(35:23):
not a measure of human worth.
Keep stemming, keepquestioning, and keep building a
world where every kind of mindcan thrive.
Thank you for listening.
See you in the next episode.
Welcome to the Neuro Rebel Podcast, where brains of
all kinds don't just survive.
They thrive, sparkle, andoccasionally throw glitter bombs
at the status quo.
I'm Anita your host, andwhether you're tuning in from
your morning commute, yourfavorite reading chair, or
(00:28):
taking a break between meetings,imagine we're sharing a spaced.
Designed just for us.
No judgment, no pressure, justreal conversation about what it
means to be neurodivergent in aworld that assumes everyone,
thinks, learns, and processes,information the exact same way.
(00:51):
Get comfortable.
Settle in wherever you are.
You know that feeling when youfind a conversation that makes
you think differently aboutsomething you thought you
understood.
That's our vibe here.
Now, before we dive intotoday's topic, let me ask you
something.
(01:11):
Have you ever felt like you'replaying a video game where
everyone else got the strategyguide, but you are stuck trying
to figure out if you're holdingthe controller upside down?
Like you're trying to dance toa rhythm everyone else hears in
perfect four, four time, butyour brain insists on throwing
(01:33):
in some jazz improv and maybe alittle interpretive movement if
that hits different, and I betit does.
Then welcome home community.
You're exactly where you needto be.
Today we are tackling theneurodiversity paradigm.
(01:53):
Now paradigm might sound likeacademic jargon, and honestly,
it kind of is, but the ideabehind it is beautifully simple
and incredibly powerful.
It provides a fundamental shiftin how humanity understands
brains like ours.
The neurodiversity paradigm isabout the language we use to
(02:17):
define what's normal, what'svaluable, and what's possible
for human minds.
And why start with somethingthat sounds like theory.
Because language isn't just howwe talk about neurodivergence,
it's how we think about it andultimately how we treat it.
Every word carries a worldviewdisorder carries a belief that
(02:41):
different brains need fixing.
Neurodiversity carries thebelief that different brains
need understanding.
These aren't just vocabularychoices.
They're competing blueprintsfor how to build schools, write
policies, and see one another.
Their belief systemsmasquerading as medical terms.
(03:03):
So we start with languagebecause once you see the beliefs
hidden in the words, you can'tunsee them, and that's when real
change begins.
It's 3:00 AM I'm Googling.
Why does everything hurt forthe hundredth time this month?
(03:26):
Why can't I just make my braindo the things it used to do?
Fluorescent lights feel likedaggers, small talk feels like
calculus and my brain.
This brain that was supposedlyhigh functioning and had it all
together suddenly can't figureout how to navigate a simple
(03:48):
encounter without wanting tocrawl under the table and cry.
The search results are useless.
Try meditation.
They say, maybe it's stress.
Just get over it or try this orthat medication.
Nothing worked.
But then buried on page four ofsome obscure forum, I find a
(04:12):
word that changes everything.
Autism.
I'm 52 years old and I've justdiscovered that my brain isn't
broken.
It's just been speaking adifferent language this whole
time, and nobody, nottherapists, not psychiatrists,
(04:33):
including me.
Knew how to translate that.
Discovery didn't just change mylife.
It sent me down a rabbit holethat revealed how a handful of
autistic people typing.
In 1990s chat rooms sparked alinguistic revolution.
That's rewriting policies,paychecks, and possibilities for
(04:56):
millions of minds worldwide.
Hey, community, and welcome tothe episode one of Informed
Neurodiversity.
Here's what you need to knowabout me.
I'm autistic gifted and spentmy entire professional life
collecting achievements likethey were Pokemon cards,
(05:18):
degrees, tenure publications, aFulbright.
All while feeling like I waswearing an ill-fitting human
suit that everyone else seemedto find perfectly comfortable,
but feeling spectacularly atbeing human autistic burnout and
depression finally forced me tostep away from academia, but
(05:41):
plot twist, it also led me tothe most important discovery of
my life.
Understanding myneurodivergence didn't just
explain my past.
It revolutionized my future.
And now I'm here building thispodcast from Mexico where I
volunteer with autistic adultsbecause I'm passionate about one
(06:02):
thing, making sure nobody elsehas to wait 50 years to
understand their own brain.
Today we're deep diving intothe neurodiversity paradigm, and
trust me, this isn't yourtherapist's medical model.
We're going to explore how thewords we use to describe
different brains literallychanges laws lives, and who gets
(06:28):
to thrive versus barelysurvive.
Whether you're neurodivergentlove someone who is work with
different minds or are justcurious.
Why your coworker needs thosenoise canceling headphones to
function.
This is for you and for thosetuning in from Buenos Aires to
Miami, from Mexico City toMadrid.
(06:50):
We're building a globalconversation here because
different minds existeverywhere.
Even if the language todescribe us is still catching
up, ready to flip everything youthought you knew about being
normal on its head.
Let's do it.
Let's start with a thesis thatmight scramble your circuits.
(07:12):
The way we talk about differentbrains isn't just semantics.
It's the scaffolding thatdetermines who gets support
versus stigma.
Who gets accommodated versusalienated, and who gets to
define the narrative of theirown minds.
But first, let me give you somecontext.
(07:32):
For over a century, the worldhas understood autism, A DHD,
dyslexia and otherneurodevelopmental conditions
through what we call the medicalmodel.
This is the framework thatshaped how doctors, educators,
therapists, and society at largehave approached neurological
(07:52):
differences.
The medical model sees theseconditions as medical problems
residing within individuals thatis disorders to be diagnosed,
treated, and ideally cured, orat least managed to minimize
their impact under the medicalmodel.
The goal is to help people withthese conditions become as
(08:16):
normal as possible.
It's the reason why for decadesthe focus has been on
eliminating autistic behaviors,medicating A DHD to reduce
symptoms and intensiveinterventions to help dyslexic
kids read the right way.
Let me paint you a picture ofhow this plays out.
(08:38):
Picture this, I.
Little Maria is in third grade.
She reads at college level, butshe can't tie her shoes.
She notices that leaves haveexactly 37 veins, but misses
that her classmate is crying.
During recess, she catalogscloud types while other kids
(08:59):
play tag.
Under the medical model, thedominant framework for the last
century.
Maria has deficits.
She needs social skilltraining, occupational therapy,
and interventions to make herappear more, um, normal.
But here's the thing about themedical model that nobody talks
(09:21):
about at cocktail parties.
It assumes there's one correctway for a brain to work, and any
deviation is a bug to be fixedrather than a feature.
To be understood, enter theneurodiversity paradigm stage,
left wearing a cape and possiblystemming the neurodiversity
(09:45):
paradigm emerged in the 1990s asa radically different way of
understanding the sameneurological differences.
But instead of seeing them asdisorders or deficits, it views
them as natural variations inhuman neurology, part of the
normal spectrum of humanbiodiversity.
(10:06):
the neurodiversity paradigmsays, wait a minute, what if
Maria's brain isn't broken atall?
What if she's part of thenatural variation in human
neurology?
Like how some people have browneyes and others have blue.
Some are night owls and othersare morning larks.
Nobody sends left-handed peopleto therapy to become
(10:29):
right-handed anymore.
Why don't we diagnose blue eyesas a pigmentation deficit?
So why do we still treatneurological differences as
disorders to be fixed ratherthan variations to be
understood?
The neurodiversity paradigmgets it.
Neurological differences cancreate real struggles.
(10:53):
I struggle every day, but itasks a different question, are
you struggling becausesomething's wrong with you?
Or because the world around youonly works for one type of
brain, let me translate thatwith a story that'll make you
want to flip tables in the bestway possible.
(11:13):
I once had a colleague, abrilliant researcher, a
published prolifically.
Students loved her, but shestruggled in meetings, needed
written agendas and processedinformation differently.
She took notes and colors thatlooked like rainbow explosions.
The university's response.
(11:35):
Send her to communicationworkshops, suggest she try
harder to quote, fit in.
Nobody asked.
What if we just gave herwritten agendas?
Let her take rainbow notes.
Recognize that her differentprocessing style was exactly
what made her researchinnovative.
(11:56):
She left academia.
The university lost a brilliantmind.
All because they were treatingher differences as defects
rather than designing anenvironment where different
minds could thrive, this is whatthe neurodiversity paradigm
challenges.
Instead of asking how do we fixthe person it asks, how do we
(12:19):
fix the environment?
Now I can already hear some ofyou thinking, but Anita, what
about people with significantsupport needs?
What about real challenges?
Great question.
Hypothetical listener withexcellent critical thinking
skills.
The neurodiversity paradigmisn't about pretending
(12:41):
challenges don't exist or thateveryone's needs are the same.
It's about recognizing thatdisability happens at the
intersection of individualdifferences and environmental
barriers.
Think about it this way.
A person who uses a wheelchairisn't disabled by their legs.
(13:01):
They're disabled by the stairs.
The disability rights movementtaught us to build ramps.
The neurodiversity paradigm isteaching us to build cognitive
ramps and change the language weuse to describe neurodivergent
people and our struggles.
Here's the key distinction.
(13:21):
Neurodiversity refers to thefact that human brains vary.
It is a biological reality.
Like biodiversity.
Neurodivergent describesindividuals whose brains diverge
from typical pattern.
We are all part ofNeurodiversity.
We are all neurodiverse, butnot everyone is neurodivergent.
(13:43):
Got it.
Good.
Because this distinction isabout to matter in ways that
affect everything.
From insurance codes toidentity information, Here's
today's million dollar thesis.
Language isn't just how wedescribe reality, it's the tool
(14:04):
we use to construct it.
And when it comes toneurodivergence vocabulary
literally shapes policy fundingand whether kids get support or
stigma, it matters.
Language matters.
Let me tell you a story aboutbureaucratic absurdity.
(14:26):
That's like trying to cancel agym membership through a maze of
automated phone menus, and itwould make your insurance
company nervous once upon atime.
1980 to be exact, autism wasclassified as infantile autism
in the DSM three.
Infantile as in only forinfants, as in apparently
(14:51):
autistic kids magicallytransform into neurotypical
adults at midnight on their 18thbirthday, like some reverse
Cinderella situation.
Trust me, autistic adultsexist.
And why is this important?
Because the DSM is theDiagnostic and Statistical
Manual Psychiatry's Bible, thebig book of official diagnoses
(15:16):
that every mental healthprofessional uses.
When your therapist says youhave a DHD or your kid gets an
autism diagnosis, they are usingthe DSM criteria insurance
companies worship this book.
If it's not in the DSM, goodluck getting coverage or even
(15:37):
diagnosed.
If it's not there, it doesn'texist.
Insurance companies looked atthe word infantile and made a
business decision.
Autism is a childhood disorder.
No adult coverage needed.
Fast forward through decades ofautistic adults being
(15:59):
misdiagnosed with everythingfrom schizophrenia to just being
difficult.
In 2013, the DSM did somethingrevolutionary.
They officially said, Hey,autism doesn't end at age 18.
That single update changedeverything.
Adults could finally getdiagnosed instead of being told
(16:22):
that they were too old to beautistic, insurance had to pay
attention, services had to growup with their clients.
In 2022, the ICD 11reclassified autism as a
neurodevelopmental conditionrather than a disorder.
The ICD 11 is the World HealthOrganization's Diagnostic
(16:46):
Manual.
It's what most of the worlduses for medical billing codes,
which means it directly controlswhat treatments get covered and
for diagnoses of all healthconditions, tiny word change,
but massive implication shiftbilling codes exist for
(17:07):
accommodations, not justtreatment support tools,
environmental adaptations, notjust individual fixes.
The linguistic mathematics arestaggering, change disorder to
condition, and millions ofdollars in different services
(17:27):
are unleashed.
Change treatment to support andfundamentally different
approaches to help appearchange, deficit to difference,
and it completely transformsself concepts for actual human
beings.
But here's where it gets juicyenough for Netflix to option.
(17:51):
The insurance companies didn'tmake these changes from the
goodness of their actuarialhearts.
They were forced by somethingunprecedented.
Autistic people who learn tospeak fluent bureaucracy.
The neurodiversity movement'sgreatest innovation wasn't just
(18:11):
claiming that different wasn'tdeficit, it was learning to
translate that truth into thelanguage of power, policy
papers, diagnostic manuals, andinsurance codes.
Let me paint you a picture ofhow this plays out in real life,
beyond the spreadsheets andcommittee meetings.
(18:33):
Meet Jamie, not their realname, but their real story.
Diagnosed A DHD at 35.
Their insurance coveredmedication to make them less a
DHD end of coverage story.
Then their therapist, one ofthose radical rebels who
actually listened to theneurodivergent people, gets
(18:56):
creative with coding.
And instead of treating A DHD,they're now supporting executive
function differences andproviding environmental
adaptation strategies.
Suddenly insurance covers noisecanceling headphones for
sensory accommodation taskmanagement apps for cognitive
(19:17):
support and flexible workschedules for environmental
modification.
Same brain, same challenges,different words, completely
different life outcomes.
This is linguistic alchemy.
Turning the lead of pathologyinto the gold of accommodation,
one vocabulary shift at a time.
(19:39):
But, and this is crucial,language doesn't just change
systems.
It changes souls when you growup hearing your brain described
with words like disordered,deficient, impaired.
Those words don't just live indiagnostic manuals, they move
(20:02):
into your self concept set upshop and redecorate with shame
curtains.
I spent 50 years thinking I wasa broken neurotypical person,
desperately trying to pass asfunctional.
I thought I came from anotherplanet and had lost all hope to
(20:22):
ever fit in, or that someone,anyone would understand me.
The day I learned the languageof neurodiversity, that I was a
perfectly valid autistic personwho'd been playing in the wrong
rule book.
Everything shifted.
There was an identitytransformation.
(20:45):
The neurodiversity paradigmsvocabulary doesn't just describe
different experiences.
It provides the language peopleneed to understand and advocate
for themselves.
My executive dysfunction becamedifferent.
Processing needs.
My sensory overwhelm becameenvironmental sensitivity.
(21:07):
Requiring accommodation, myinability to engage in small
talk became a communicationdifference, not a deficit.
Same brain, same me.
Revolutionary new user manual.
Ready for the wildest plot inthis history of the language and
(21:28):
neurodiversity the internet.
Yes.
That same internet where peopleargue about pineapple and pizza
became the underground railroadfor the neurodiversity
movement, and autistic peoplewere the conductors.
1993, the internet sounds likeR 2D two having an existential
(21:50):
crisis.
Most people are still trying tofigure out what the at symbol
means.
But in obscure corners ofcyberspace, something
revolutionary is brewing.
For the first time in humanhistory, autistic people can
communicate without the sensoryoverwhelm of face to face
(22:11):
interaction.
No eye contact required.
No real time processingpressure.
No fluorescent lights, justtext time and the radical
possibility of finding otherslike you.
Neurological Diversity.
Batman.
Did they find each other?
(22:33):
Wait, you rehearseconversations too?
You mean everyone doesn't needa recovery day after they go
grocery shopping?
Hold up.
You are telling me organizingmy books by the color spectrum
and publication date isn'tstandard.
These weren't just randominternet conversations.
(22:54):
These were identity formingmoments happening at 4.4
kilobits per second.
Enter Jim Sinclair, who droppedwhat I consider the
neurodiversity MovementsDeclaration of Independence in
1993.
The essay don't mourn for uscore revolutionary statement.
(23:17):
Autism isn't something a personhas, it's a way of being.
It is not possible to separatethe person from the autism the
medical model just got serveddial up style.
What followed was the mostquietly radical revolution
you've never heard of.
(23:37):
International organizationslike Autism Network
International started hostingonline conferences, not
conferences about autisticpeople conferences by and for
autistic people.
The paradigm shift was real.
For the first time, autisticpeople weren't case studies or
(23:58):
patients or subjects.
They were the experts on theirown experience building
community and theory in realtime.
But here's where it gets spicyenough to trend on whatever
social media platform the kidsare using these days.
The online autistic community,didn't just find each other.
They started comparativeanalysis.
(24:21):
They realized.
Those sensory issues that thedoctors wanted to eliminate.
Actually, it was a crucialself-regulation strategy.
Those obsessive interests thatneeded moderating.
They are often the source ofdeep expertise and career paths.
The social deficits requiringintensive intervention.
(24:43):
Might actually be culturaldifferences between neurotypes.
When autistic people startedcomparing notes online, they
didn't just build a community,they crowdsource a complete
reframe of what autism reallyand actually meant.
Let me give you my favoriteexample of this paradigm shift
(25:05):
in action, and that's stemming.
For decades, the therapeuticgoal was to eliminate
stereotyped behaviors, handflapping, rocking, spinning, And
that was to make autistic kidsindistinguishable from their
peers.
That is to transform them intoneurotypical kids.
(25:27):
Quiet your hands still, yourbodies.
Then the online autisticcommunity compared notes and
went, wait a minute.
Stemming helps us regulatesensory input, process emotions,
maintain focus, express joy,manage anxiety.
Stopping Stimming wasn'thelping.
(25:48):
It was like forcing someone tohold their breath.
Sure, they could do it for awhile.
But at what cost?
Research confirms what autisticpeople knew all along.
Stemming is adaptive, notpathological, suppressing.
It correlates with increasedanxiety, depression, and
(26:10):
something we now call autisticburnout.
But it took autistic peoplesaying, Hey.
Maybe ask us about our ownexperiences for science to catch
up when marginalizedcommunities gain platforms to
share collective experiences,they don't just tell stories.
They generate legitimateexpertise that challenges
(26:34):
professional paradigms.
The conversation moved fromChat Rooms to live journal, to
Twitter to TikTok.
Each platform shift brought newvoices, new perspectives, and
new ways to challenge themedical model's monopoly on
meaning.
And then something unexpectedhappened.
The corporation started payingattention.
(26:56):
Not out of altruism, let's bereal.
But because they noticedsomething, the medical model
missed many of their mostinnovative employees were
neurodivergent.
The pattern recognition skills,the systematic thinking, the
ability to spot errors, othersmissed.
The hyperfocus that could solveproblems.
(27:19):
Abandoned capitalism meetsneurodiversity.
When businesses realizedneurodivergent minds could mean
competitive advantage, theconversation shifted from
charity to strategy and suddenlyeveryone wanted to talk about
neurological diversity.
Microsoft launched an autismhiring program, SAP followed
(27:44):
then ey Dell, Goldman Sachs,Walt Disney, and others not
perfect programs.
We'll critique those anotherday, but a fundamental shift.
Neurodivergence is an asset,not just an accommodation Need.
The movement that started withautistic people typing in the
(28:05):
digital darkness had officiallygone mainstream.
the neurodiversity paradigmisn't just a Western academic
concept, it's a global humanrights movement, adapting to
local cultures while maintaininguniversal principles of dignity
and self-determination.
(28:25):
Remember how I mentioned I'mbuilding this podcast for a
global community that's ourrecognition that neurodivergent
brains exist everywhere, but thelanguage and support for them
varies wildly by geography,culture, and who holds the
linguistic power.
Let me tell you about myvolunteer work here in Mexico
(28:48):
where I work with anorganization supporting autistic
adults.
The linguistic battles here arefascinating and infuriating and
equal measure.
In Spanish, the medicalestablishment clings to the term
disorder, but advocacy groupsare pushing for condition or
even better neurodivergence.
Every family meeting where weuse the term condition instead
(29:12):
of disorder, we watch parents'shoulders drop their questions
shift from, how do I fix thisto, how do I support this?
Language shapes reality inevery culture.
The words available in eachlanguage, don't just describe
neurodivergence.
They prescribe how societiesrespond to it.
(29:34):
In Japan, the concept ofconnection or bonds influences
how neurodiversity isunderstood.
The movement there focuses lesson individual rights and more
on relational harmony.
How can different mindsmaintain harmony while being
autistic?
In India, neurodiversityadvocates navigate complex
(29:58):
intersections of cased class andlinguistic diversity, fighting
for recognition in Hindi,English to meal, Bengali, and
dozens of other languages, eachwith its own cultural weight.
In Brazil, the termneurodiversity is gaining
ground, but advocates face thechallenge of translating
(30:18):
concepts across Portuguese whilecombating deeply entrenched
medical model thinking.
The neurodiversity movement's,core principles translate across
cultures, but its expressionmust be culturally fluent to
create real change.
What works in Manhattan won'tnecessarily work in Mumbai,
Mexico City or Montevideo, butthe fundamental recognition that
(30:42):
neurological diversity is partof human diversity resonates
everywhere.
Young neurodivergent, peopleworldwide aren't waiting for
permission to claim theirnarratives.
They are creating content,building communities, and
demanding recognition in everylanguage, on every platform, in
(31:04):
every corner of our connectedworld.
The revolution that started inEnglish language chat rooms is
now a multilingual,multicultural movement that
refuses to be silenced.
So here we are, community.
We've traveled from my 3:00 AMdesperate Googling to global
(31:26):
movements, from insurance codesto identity revolutions, from
dial up forums to internationaladvocacy.
The neurodiversity paradigmisn't just an academic
framework.
It's an invitation to co-createa world where every kind of
mind can thrive, and thatinvitation is addressed to you.
(31:47):
Let me be crystal clear aboutsomething.
This isn't about pretendingdifferences don't create
challenges.
My executive dysfunction isreal.
Sensory overwhelm can bedebilitating.
Social communication can beisolating, but the
neurodiversity paradigm says,what if we stopped trying to
(32:08):
eliminate these differences andstarted accommodating them?
What if we designed classrooms,workplaces, and communities
that expected neurologicaldiversity instead of being
surprised by it, your mission,should you choose to accept it
this week, change one word.
(32:29):
Just one.
If you're a teacher, trydifferent learning style instead
of learning disability.
If you're a parent, use supportneeds.
Instead of deficits.
If you're a therapist, askabout environmental barriers and
not just behavioral challenges.
(32:49):
If you're an employer, thinkaccommodation.
Not special treatment.
If you're neurodivergent, trydescribing yourself with
language that acknowledges yourchallenges without defining you
by them.
And if you're a human beingwith an interest in these
issues, notice the language usedaround you.
(33:11):
Question it, challenge it,change it.
Here's how to join this globalcommunity.
Subscribe to Neuro Rebelwherever you get your podcasts.
Leave us a rating and review.
It helps other members of ourcommunity find us in the vast
podcast universe, and I ameternally grateful for your
(33:32):
support.
Visit neuro Rebel podcast.comfor transcripts, resources, and
ways to share your story.
Because this movement is incomplete without your voice, I
would welcome your participationin this podcast.
You can even leave a voicemessage on my website.
I'm building this as a globalcommunity, whether you're in
(33:53):
Argentina, where I grew up, theUnited States, where I built my
career, or Mexico, where I livenow or anywhere else on this
beautiful neurodiverse planet, Iwant to hear from you have a
story about how language changedyour life.
Want to share howneurodiversity is understood in
your culture?
Are you interested in beingpart of future episodes?
(34:16):
Email us.
Or contact us through ourwebsite, you are not broken.
You are not a puzzle with amissing piece.
You are not a problem to besolved.
You're part of the naturalvariation in human neurology.
Your challenges are real anddeserve support.
(34:37):
Your differences are valid.
And deserve respect.
Your voice matters and deservesto be heard.
The neurodiversity paradigmisn't just changing how we think
about different brains.
It's changing who gets to dothe thinking nothing about us
(35:02):
without us.
So welcome to the neuro rebelcommunity.
Together.
We're not just surviving in aneurotypical world, we are
building a neurodiverse one.
Until next time.
This is Anita, your friendlyneighborhood Neuro Rebel,
reminding you that normal is asetting on a washing machine and
(35:23):
not a measure of human worth.
Keep stemming, keepquestioning, and keep building a
world where every kind of mindcan thrive.
Thank you for listening.
See you in the next episode.
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