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December 4, 2025 61 mins

Listener Q&A where Andy talks about: 

  • A correction on something incorrect I said last week regarding deciding which spouse's pre-tax account to distribute or convert from ( 3:28 )
  • Pros and cons of using a single total global stock market fund vs multiple other funds such as just US and just international  ( 8:17 )
  • What's in the calculation for Modified Adjusted Gross Income ("MAGI") for purposes of determining eligibility to contribute to a Roth IRA ( 14:49 )
  • Deciding when to start a Roth account, and whether it should be a Roth IRA or Roth 401(K) (if you have the option), and whether it should be funded via conversion or contribution ( 20:40 )
  • What to consider when deciding on which pension payment type of choose ( 27:52 )
  • Should IRA distributions instead be converted to Roth if you don't need to use the money any time soon ( 35:50 )
  • What to consider when retiring late (e.g. late-60s or 70s) ( 42:02 )
  • Explaining certain "fees" on trade confirmations, such as when buying coupon-paying bonds or stocks/ETFs ( 47:21 )
  • Why just looking at unrealized gains or losses on a position in a dividend or distribution paying security don't tell the whole story with regards to how much money you've actually made or lost in the position ( 53:45 )


To send Andy questions to be addressed on future Q&A episodes, email andy@andypanko.com


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