Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:00):
Already and this is the Daily This is the Daily
os Oh, now it makes sense.
Speaker 2 (00:14):
Good morning, and welcome to the Daily Odds. It's Thursday,
the ninth of October. I'm Lucy Tassel, I'm Billy fitz Simon's.
Israel and Hamas have entered another round of negotiations on
a ceasefire deal proposed by the US. The fresh negotiations
are being held soon after the second anniversary of Hamma's
attack on Israel and a few weeks after a UN
(00:35):
committee found Israel is carrying out a genocide of Palestinians
in Gaza. In today's episode, we'll explain what to know
about the latest round of talks and the US's involvement.
Speaker 1 (00:49):
Okay, Lucy, whenever we do a podcast deep dive where
we are updating everyone on the latest on the Israel
Hamas conflict, it's kind of hard to know where to start.
But I think that for anyone who might not be
following it as close as you are, do you want
to just give us an overview of I guess what
has happened this year that has led us to this
potential ceasefire deal.
Speaker 2 (01:11):
Now, the proposal that's currently being discussed in Egypt, basically
as we speak, is one that's evolved a lot over
the last several months. After a previous ceasefire and hostage
exchange deal that was agreed in January broke down when
Israel attacked Gaza and cut off aid and electricity, accusing
(01:31):
Hamas of refusing to release hostages. Hamas said those attacks
meant Israel had decided to overturn the ceasefire deal that
had been in existence since January, so that was around
March April of this year. Israel then instituted a blockade
of aid to Gaza, which was widely condemned by UN
(01:52):
agencies and international governments, including our government here in Australia.
That blockade was partly lifted later in the year, but
the distribution of aid that is currently going on has
been widely criticized. So over the course of the year
there were several rounds of there were several incidents and
several rounds of criticism. By July, the UN said Israeli
(02:14):
forces had killed more than a thousand Palestinians trying to
access food, and then in August the following month, the
Integrated Food Security Phase Classification Authority, also known as the
IPC you might have heard of, said parts of Gaza
were officially in a state of famine during this time,
so the northern Hemisphere summer, that kind of middle three
(02:37):
months of the year. The US was pushing a sixty
day cease fire deal, which is different to the one
that's currently on the table. During that sixty day deal,
had it come into effect, the hostages taken by Hamas
on the seventh of October would be released in exchange
four Palestinians detained in Israel. Military operations carried out by
(02:58):
Israel would cease, and humanitarian aid would be set into
Gaza through quote agreed upon channels that includes things like
the UN. Israel said it had accepted that proposal. Harmas
called for changes, including assurances that the ceasefire would hold
after the sixty days. So obviously, having already had a
(03:20):
ceasefire that had been put into effect and then broken down,
I think that was kind of the thrust of their
That was what they said was their point. That also
has been kind of a key sticking point. As recently
as the beginning of September, that kind of sixty day
plan was still being discussed, but now a different plan
(03:40):
is on the table, and it's being discussed this week
in Egypt, the week of the two year anniversary of
Hamas's attack on Israel, and three or so weeks after
a UN committee found Israel Is carrying out a genocide
of Palestinians in Gaza.
Speaker 1 (03:55):
Okay, So just to recap where we were, there was
a temporary ceasefire at the start of the year that
then broke down. Then in the middle of the year
there was talk of a potential sixty day ceasefire, but
that never came into effect because they couldn't agree on
the details of that arrangement. Now we are at a
place where we're talking about more of a long term ceasefire,
(04:19):
but they still can't quite agree as far as we
know on the details of that. But that is what
we are talking about today. That is the one that
has been proposed by US President Donald Trump. What do
we know about this proposal.
Speaker 2 (04:31):
So we know that it has twenty points. I'll give
you a couple of them. I'm sort of summarizing here.
If Israel and Hamas both agree to the proposal that's
on the table, quote, all military operations will stop and
Israeli forces will retreat to what's being described as an
agreed upon line. The details that we have don't specify
(04:52):
where that is. Right now, Gaza will become, in the
words of the proposal, a deradicalized terror free zone exists
in peace with surrounding countries. Hamas infrastructure will be taken down.
Hamas will not run Gaza as it has up to
this point. Israel will also agree not to annex or
occupy Gaza, so both parties saying we will back out
(05:16):
of this piece of land. When the Palestinian Authority, which
currently governs parts of the West Bank, has completed certain reforms,
it will govern Gaza. These reforms aren't specified, but I
think you can extrapolate that they would be pretty similar
to what has been asked of the authority to allow
for the creation of the State of Palestine, sort of
(05:38):
a modern state of Palestine. We talked a couple of
weeks ago about Australia recognizing the state and what that
would mean. Those sort of things would include democratic elections.
There's a few different kind of requirements. I can imagine
that that's what that would involve. In the interim, a
new temporary government will be set up. It will consist
of quote qualified Palacestinians and international experts, and it'll be
(06:02):
overseen by something called the Board of Peace, which will
include Trump and former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair. We
don't really know many other members at this stage. Humanitarian
aid will be delivered without contact from Israel or Hamas,
and Palestinians will be allowed to freely leave and return
(06:23):
to Gaza. Members of Hamas who give up their weapons
and agree to peace will not be subject to any
kind of trial and will be allowed to leave Gaza.
Within three days of the Israeli government confirming it has
accepted the deal. Hamas would be required to release all
of the remaining hostages. It's belief there are around fifty
(06:44):
about twenty of whom are believed to be alive. Israel
would then release detained Palestinians, including around two hundred and
fifty who are on life sentences, and seventeen hundred people
detained after the seventh of October twenty twenty three, all
women and children detained in that context, and I'll just
note that Israeli human rights group Betzelem has said previously
(07:07):
that Israel has detained Palestinians without a trial and without
charge sort of indefinitely, so that group could include many
of those people, and as we progress, a new international
security force will be set up to train police on
the ground and manage the borders, taking over as the
IDEF retreats to that agreed uponline TBD where that is.
Speaker 1 (07:31):
And we know so many details. I mean, you just
read out all of these details that we know about
this deal. Is that because I remember there was a
press conference that US President Donald Trump did alongside these
raely Prime Minister Benjamin Yahu.
Speaker 2 (07:45):
Yeah, that's right, So we learned some of those details
from that. We know that several media outlets then got
a full kind of release, including all of those sort
of twenty dot points, including the New York Times. That's
what I was looking at. I will also say, though,
some of those details, that's what we know going into
these negotiations. But obviously if both sides agreed to every
single point, they wouldn't need to be negotiations, right, So
(08:08):
there's some of those things are probably subject to change
or to tweaks. It's unknown at this point.
Speaker 1 (08:14):
And so to be clear, Israel has agreed to this deal,
but Hermas hasn't yet as far as.
Speaker 2 (08:19):
We know, we know that Israeli PM Benjamin nan Yiahua
said that Israel has agreed. He still needs to run
it past his Security Cabinet and it needs to be
passed by the Israeli Parliament, the Kanesset. So Israeli negotiators
maybe going into those talks knowing that there are changes
that would want to be made from this, like from
members of the Security Cabinet and from members of the Kanesset.
(08:42):
Got it?
Speaker 1 (08:43):
And what has the response been?
Speaker 2 (08:45):
So foreign ministers in the area, So the foreign ministers
of Jordan, the United Arab Emirates, Indonesia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia,
Turki Katar and Egypt all welcomed the announcement. They said
they were prepared to work to make it a reality.
And as I've said, these negotiations are being held in
Egypt at the time of recording. The latest update I
(09:07):
have is that US mediators, so Steve Witkoff, who was
pushing that sixty day cease fire, he's the US's envoid
to the Middle East, and Trump's son in law Jared Kushner,
who was the envoid to the Middle East under the
previous Trump administration, were flying into Egypt to join those negotiations.
(09:27):
That's sort of the latest update at the end of
kind of the US day. Hamas and Israel have been
negotiating indirectly in Egypt this week, as I've said.
Speaker 1 (09:38):
And before we move on, I just want to get
an understanding. This is probably an impossible question to answer,
but what is your sense as to how close we
are here to an actual ceasefire?
Speaker 2 (09:53):
Speaking as a person with no kind of inside knowledge
of the mechanics of the negoiations, I think what I've
read about what Hamas has said, what I've read about
what Israel has said, the context of the deal, the
context of the global kind of pressure, the fact that
it's been two years of all out like two years
(10:17):
in terms of a long history of conflict, but two
years a very intense conflict. Twelve hundred killed on October seven,
sixty seven thousand and counting killed in Gaza since then,
the finding of genocide from the UN Committee, the sense
of the anniversary, all of this to me feels like
(10:37):
there could be a push towards really getting to some resolution.
But it's pure speculation. Yeah, we can only speculate, we
can only guess. We may get kind of an announcement
that says positive moves have been made, but no deal
yet at the end of this week, or we might
get a deal. It's basically impossible to know without physically
(10:59):
being the room, and maybe even if you are in
the room, you still don't know how it's going to
pan out at this stage.
Speaker 1 (11:05):
Another aspect of this that has really dominated headlines this
week is this push by Trump to receive the Nobel
Peace Prize for his role in these negotiations. Is there
precedent for a president, a US president to receive the
Nobel Peace Prize.
Speaker 2 (11:23):
Yes, there's been a few. To pick two. Barack Obama
won it in two thousand and nine, so that was
less than a year into his presidency for quote his
extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples
and former US President Jimmy Carter was awarded it in
two thousand and two, decades after his presidency, for quote
(11:46):
his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to
international conflicts, and that includes mediating peace talks between Israel
and Egypt while he was president in the late nineteen seventies.
Speaker 1 (11:58):
One thing that has confused me at this conversation is
the idea of, you know, someone getting a peace prize
for a conflict where no peace has yet been achieved.
Is it possible for someone to receive a peace prize
for a conflict that yet hasn't been resolved yet?
Speaker 2 (12:14):
Yes, it's happened several times. There was a peace prize
handed to two women in Northern Ireland when hostilities were
still very much active in that region. There were peace
prizes awarded to people working to end apartheid while apartheid
was still very much an active system. In the Middle East, specifically,
(12:34):
American diplomat Ralph Bunch was given the peace Prize for
negotiating a ceasefire between Israel and Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and
Syria in the late nineteen forties. However, Bunch came away
from those negotiations believing that his efforts had not benefited Palestinians,
and he thought about declining the peace prize with that
(12:56):
in mind. So obviously he did negotiate a cease fire
ending that one specific outbreak of conflict, but certainly not
resolving the entire region. So that's one example. And then
in the nineteen nineties that Palestinian leader yasa Arafat, Israeli
Foreign Minister Shiman Perez and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzak Raben
were awarded the prize jointly for quote their efforts to
(13:20):
create peace in the Middle East. That was in reference
to the Oslo Accords, a major peace plan that eventually
broke down. It's one of the dominoes that fell in
the lead up to the situation today. So you can
be given the prize for your efforts toward ending a conflict,
for reaching a conclusion in a conflict that then reopens.
(13:42):
They can't the Nobel Committee can't see the future. Yeah,
but yeah, so interesting. They're handing it down on Saturday night,
Australian time, and we don't know who the nominees are.
We don't find out, I believe until well after, like
many years in the future, they'll reveal who the nominees
for any given year were. And there have been times
in the past where they've just not awarded it. So
(14:03):
we'll see.
Speaker 1 (14:04):
We will keep an eye on that. One more thing
that I want to talk about before we go is
another thing that has really dominated headlines in the past
couple of weeks. Is this flotilla of boats that has
been heading or been trying to head to Gaza to
deliver aid to Palestinians. They have been intercepted by Israel.
I know that there were a number of Australians on board,
(14:24):
as well as the well known activist Credit Tumberg. What
can you tell us about that?
Speaker 2 (14:28):
So a convoy of boats called the Global Sumud Flotilla
sailed from Europe with aid on board, trying to reach
the shore of Gaza. As you said, Tunberg was on board,
Australian filmmaker Juliet Lamont another person on board one of
those boats. Israel intercepted several of the boats and detained
the passengers. Legal experts have accused Israel violating international law
(14:53):
by doing so, and as we are recording, more boats
are still sailing towards Gaza. All seven Australians were detained
and they've since been deported to Jordan. Lamont has since
told the ABC that Australia's government was unsupportive, and she
said that she believed that other countries' governments had helped
(15:14):
these Australians get across the border into Jordan. Many of
those who were detained have alleged mistreatment by their captors,
including Tunberg, who has alleged Israeli soldiers tortured her.
Speaker 1 (15:25):
I've seen greater Tonberg speak after this all went down,
and one thing that she has really said is that
she doesn't want to be the story here. She really
wants the focus to remain on what is happening in
this conflict. Yeah, and there is certainly a lot for
us to keep it and I Lucy, thank you so
much for explaining all of that. Thanks Billy, and thank
you so much for listening to this episode of The
(15:46):
Daily os. We'll be back as always this afternoon with
your evening headlines, but until then, have a great day.
Speaker 2 (15:56):
My name is Lily Madden and I'm a proud Arunda
Bunjelung Kalkottin from Gadigol Country. The Daily oz acknowledges that
this podcast is recorded on the lands of the Gadigol
people and pays respect to all Aboriginal and Torrestrate island
and nations. We pay our respects to the first peoples
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