Episode #94 | Advances in Biomaterials for Medical 3D Printing (Virtual Event Recording) - The Lattice (Official 3DHEALS Podcast)

Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
Speaker 1 (00:01):
All right, looks like the webinar started for us
Without me and this justautomatically started Good
morning.
I'm glad we're on time, soyou're never late for Zoom
meetings and we I have founded3D Heels about almost 10 years

(00:28):
ago and with three mission.
The number one mission is toeducate the public about the
application of 3D printing andbioprinting and related 3D
technologies in healthcare.
I think people's understandingof the technologies and its real
use is was shallow and I knowthat understanding about 3D
printing and its power is nowmore deepened and I hope our
educational seminars like thiscan really deepen people's

(00:50):
understanding and be excitedabout it and co-develop new
technologies.
Number one is education.
Number two is we want to have anetworking experience because I
want people from differentdisciplines to talk to one
another and not just to beisolated people from academia,
entrepreneurship, startups,industries to really sit down,

(01:13):
talk to one another in a veryinformal way but fun way, and
educational and maybe evenco-start projects and companies
together.
Number three mission for us isa program called Pitch3D.
We help early-stage startupswith fundraising and this is a
free program that we offer forearly-stage startup, which means

(01:35):
before Series B, so if you'refrom pre-seed all the way until
Series A.
We can help you.
We have a process that canconnect you with institutional
investors and there's no cost.
Even though material science itdidn't seem should be a very

(02:14):
wild topic, like 3D printing,organ and stuff but I think the
fact that the event is verypopular is people understand how
important material science is,its role in biofabrication, in
3D printing for medical devices,and its complexity.
And the other thing is thisspace is definitely growing
rapidly and I have a phraseasking do you chemists, rule the

(02:41):
world?
Just like similar to dosoftware, eat the world.
I think chemists do actuallyvery much in control of this
world that we're in forbiofabrication.
So, without further ado, I'dlike to introduce the first
speaker, bowman Bagley, who is avery well-known serial

(03:01):
entrepreneur.
He was the CEO for AdvancedBiometrics, which was recently
acquired by BICO, but now hisnew role is focusing on leading
commercialization for Copeland.
Bowman, I'll let you take itaway.

Speaker 2 (03:18):
Thank you, I'll share my screen.

Speaker 1 (03:20):
Yes, please.

Speaker 2 (03:27):
Does that look good?

Speaker 1 (03:29):
Yes, perfect.

Speaker 2 (03:31):
Great Thank you, and thank you for this opportunity
to speak, and I am not surprisedthat this event is very popular
, because, with tissueengineering and bioprinting, a
lot of the results that we seeare so tangible and visual.
You can see a scaffold thatsomeone printed, or a skin model

(03:52):
or a tissue, and so it's veryexciting.
You can see the progress andthe improvements very viscerally
every single day, and so I'mvery thrilled to continue to be
working in this space everysingle day, and so I'm very
thrilled to continue to beworking in this space, and I'm
here with let me see, did I even?
There we go?
I'm here representing ColdPlant and specifically talking

(04:22):
about the recombinant humancollagen for biofabrication.
So Jenny gave a greatintroduction.
I don't have much to add tothat.
At Advanced Biomatrix, I spent10 years introducing new
biomaterials for 3D bioprinting,tissue engineering, cell
culture research.
I worked at a genomics companyand I've done some angel
investing, and my background isin neuroscience and business,

(04:45):
and so currently I'm the VP ofcommercial North America for
Coal Plant and I'm just reallyexcited to be working with this
fun material and looking forwardto sharing some of the
breakthroughs for this material.
We are a public company, so Ihave a forward-looking statement
and advisory.
So I have a forward-lookingstatement kind of the advisory,

(05:06):
and so Coal Plants, at its core,is focusing on developing
innovative materials for medicalaesthetics, tissue engineering,
tissue regeneration and organmanufacturing.
The core product that we focuson and that we initially

(05:27):
developed is a recombinantcollagen produced from
genetically engineered tobaccoplants.
So it's a type 1 collagen.
It's bioidentical to humancollagen but produced through
these genetically modifiedtobacco plants.
We have a large strategicagreement with Abbey that you

(05:47):
might have seen and I'll sharesome work that we've done with
them.
And again, we're a publiclylisted company.
Now most people on this callunderstand why we are focusing
on collagen.
If we are trying to bioprint ortissue engineer organs, tissues,

(06:11):
scaffolds found within thehuman body, well, collagen being
the most abundant protein and astructural protein found in the
body, is it makes sense forthat to be the key contributor
and the key material used forbioprinting.
It's a natural scaffold.
Cells are naturally surroundedby collagen almost everywhere in

(06:32):
the body, and so we startedwith collagen.
Now I mentioned we geneticallymodified the tobacco leaf and so
the tobacco produces five genesthe collagen alpha-1 chain, the
alpha-2 chain and the P4 alpha,p4, beta and LH3.
And so when we combine all ofthose, we end up with a

(06:56):
full-length pro-collagen triplehelix type 1 collagen.
We then go through theextraction and purification
processes and yield a type 1atylo collagen with the triple
helix form.
And again this is based off ofthe human sequence.

(07:18):
Now, because we're talking abouttissue engineering, the normal,
just plain type 1 collagen hassome drawbacks.
If we are trying to think aboutlarge organ manufacturing, it
needs something that's going tobe more robust, durable and have
stronger elements ofcross-linking, and so colplant,

(07:42):
methacrylated that collagen.
And what I think is fascinatingabout this material is that,
first off, it's xeno-free,animal-free.
All the components we used werexeno-animal-free to produce the
material, which is really bigin today's day and age, With the
NIH coming out and reallytrying to push research away

(08:05):
from animal models and moretowards these xenofree platforms
.
Another thing I like about thismaterial is that for DLP and
extrusion-based printing it doesnot gel at room temperature, so
you don't have to worry aboutthe viscosity or rheology
shearing properties changingover time as you're trying to

(08:29):
print with it.
And then for me, the two mostimportant features is that with
other kind of animal-derivedmaterials it is, once you're
above, about 8 milligrams permilliliter of concentration.
It gets very viscous, verydifficult to handle, and it
starts polymerizing above 15degrees C and so it clogs

(08:53):
needles, it gels, it gets opaque, which reduces light
penetration for DLD imprintingand you also have kind of this
cap, around 40 to 50%methacrylation.
When it comes to collagen, it'skind of difficult to get higher
than that.
Now, what I love about thismaterial is that we can

(09:13):
solubilize it up to about 22milligrams per milliliter
concentration and we have aversion that's 90% methacrylated
.
So when it comes to tissueengineering, if you want
something to cross-link fasteror be stronger or degrade slower
, we can use this material tocreate something about almost

(09:34):
three times more concentratedand twice as methacrylated than
other collagen-based materials.
And so it gives you a lot moreof this tunability and really
flexibility to play with thismaterial and customize it to
work for your application.
And so here's a some rheologydata showing just 20 seconds of

(09:57):
cross-linking with thesematerials gets it up to, you
know, a thousand or ten thousandpascals, and this is only at
the 10 milligram per milliliterconcentration.
And so, again, with higherconcentrations, higher with that
correlation rates, you canreally frost link things quickly
and create robust materials oryou can tune them to be slower,

(10:20):
softer, degrade faster, whateverworks for your specific
application.
Here's a video of you know wewant to talk about tissue
engineering, right, and we'rekind of a medical
aesthetics-focused company intissue and organs, and so here's

(10:45):
a video of DLP printing.
You know, photocross-linkingthe methacrylated collagen to
print a breast implant with themethacrylated collagen.
This video it's about a45-minute process.
I believe that we've obviouslysped up, but you can see a very
robust, porous, large scaffoldthat can be 3D printed.

(11:06):
Now this material does havesome other polymers in there to
increase, but not for thecross-linking aspect.
It has some additional polymersfor the actual flexibility of
the material.
When you think of the variousrequirements for a breast
implant, for a mastectomypatient, for example, there are

(11:27):
certain durability, flexibilityrequirements, but the
cross-linking is coming from themethacrylated recombinant
collagen, and so this is areally cool breakthrough.
Again, it's stable at roomtemperature, which allows you to
do these longer DLP prints forbigger constructs, and it's

(11:50):
strong enough and durable enoughto withstand that process.
So with this particular implant,we implanted it in an animal
study and you can see here thewhite is regenerated or new

(12:11):
tissue, and so when you implantthe scaffold because it's
collagen cells will attach to it.
They can migrate across it andinvade it, compared to like a
silicone scaffold or a siliconeimplant.
And so within a couple monthsyou can see a lot of natural
tissue regenerated and grownwithin the scaffold.

(12:32):
We've seen blood vesselspenetrating throughout the
implant and then new vasculatureand blood flow, new vasculature
and blood flow, and then afterthat there's an explant study

(12:55):
just to kind of validate theresults that we're seeing of
generated vasculature, bloodflow throughout the scaffold,
and so that's very promisingresults.
Again, it's attributed to thefact that it is a collagen-based
scaffold.
That's just very natural andnative to the body, and because
it's a human collagen, you don'tget that rejection of the

(13:17):
immunogenic response withanother collaboration.
This is a trachea scaffold thatwas printed.
I like to include this onebecause it's it's a larger
scaffold, um, but you know,higher resolution, you can
really see the details.
And then another beautifulthing is okay.

(13:39):
Well, let's take, you know, thebody doesn't just have collagen
, right, we want to make the.
Let's say, we want to printsomething that's as
physiologically relevant aspossible.
Well, you're probably going towant to add in something like
hyaluronic acid, because that'svery prevalent as well, and so
when we add in hyaluronic acid,you get these materials that
have the strength from thecollagen but a little bit more

(14:01):
elasticity and flexibility, kindof this squishiness factor that
the HA contributes, and so youcan really dose in different
materials, because every singletissue is different.
There's never going to be thisuniversal bio-ink that fits
every application, because everytissue has different

(14:22):
stiffnesses, different celltypes, different layers, and so
being able to combine thecollagen with other materials is
necessary for really creatingorgans and tissues that fit your
applications.
Again, another example of youknow, let's change up the

(14:44):
formulation a little bit and endup with something that's very
flexible and squishy compared tosomething that's maybe a little
bit more robust, maybesomething that it grades slower
over time in the body, somethingthat bounces differently
Depending on what you're workingon.

(15:05):
So it's a tunable material.
We're making great strides atCoal Plant focused on the tissue
engineering space, the organmanufacturing space, and my role
at Coal Plant is really to helpget these materials into all of
the labs in the US, NorthAmerica, around the world all of
the labs in the US, northAmerica, around the world, to

(15:27):
allow everyone to get theirhands on and start really
playing with this material andpushing the limits and pushing
the boundaries of what can beprinted DLP, printed two-photon,
extrusion, stereolithography,acoustic what can be done with
these types of materials andwhat kind of breakthroughs we
can continue to make, all of ustogether.

(15:48):
Again, cell attachments.
I think this is my last slidebut obviously, because it's a
collagen material, cells love toattach to it, both within the
material, like a spheroid on topof a printed disc, or you can
see the beautiful striations orbeautiful attachment across a

(16:08):
printed forest scaffold.
And again, it's an honor to beworking with this collagen
material.
I was working with collagen forthe last 10 years, so I'm
grateful to be working with thecoal plant collagen.
And if you want to reach out tome directly, you can find me on
LinkedIn, bowman Bagley, or youcan send me an email, bowman at

(16:28):
coalplantcom.
I'm happy to just talk aboutyour application, learn about
what you're doing and see ifthere's a way that this
methacrylated recombinant type 1human collagen can work for you
.
Thank you.

Speaker 1 (16:45):
Thank you, Bowman, Beautiful presentation.
Okay everybody, if you havequestions for Bowman, please
enter them into the QA box,because I'm the one woman show
here.
So my first question is eventhough this is genetically
engineered material, it stillsomewhat is growing in nature.

(17:08):
How do you guys keep theconsistency and quality of the
material produced?

Speaker 2 (17:16):
That's a great question.
I want to see if I have someoneon my team in here, but I can
answer most of these.
So the materials are producedunder, under iso.
We have very strict qualitystandards.
Um, there's a there's a reallycool video that's, that's on
youtube right now that actuallyshows, you know they, they have
clamps on the leaves to ensurethe proper temperatures and the

(17:39):
proper environment and growingenvironment for the tobacco
leaves.
You know, and just and justthat level of quality assurance
and QAQC that they're doing allthe way down to the leaf through
the whole process.
And then we have two materialsthat are CE marked in Europe
using the core collagen material, and so they've done all sorts

(18:02):
of quality tests to ensureconsistency from batch to batch.
You know product viability, allthat.
So they have really goodquality standards in place.
Um, and it's yeah, it's a goodmaterial okay, we have one
question from the audience.
Um, let's see how do youcross-link this material so the

(18:23):
meth methacrylated material isgoing to act like any, you know,
gelma, hama, any of those typesof methacrylated materials.
So you include a photoinitiator and use a light source
.

Speaker 1 (18:36):
Okay, another question from the audience
Amazing talk From AstroHealth'sperspective.
Are there any opportunities forcopeland technology to support
regenerative strategies in spaceenvironment like micro?
Yeah well, microgravityradiation exposed environment.
Um any radiation studies doneso far?

Speaker 2 (19:00):
great question specific yeah very specific
question, but a great questionnonetheless.
I'm relatively new, so I don'thave the full history of what
Coldpoint has or hasn't done,but I have already been in talks
with a company that routinelysends various experiments and
materials up to space for thesetypes of studies, and so my

(19:23):
particular role.
I'm open to any of those typesof collaborations and exploring
and discussing them, and thatparticular thing is something
that I've already had aconversation about, but I do not
know for sure if it's somethingthat they have or have not done
already.

Speaker 1 (19:38):
Yeah, very interesting question indeed.
I mean, if anything, a lot oftimes it's easier actually to do
things in space when you removegravity than not.
So things are different upthere.
All right, thank you so much,bowman.
That was a fantasticpresentation.
I'll just check if there'sanyone else who's putting a
question.
Oh, there's another question.
Okay, which plants are mostpromising for collagen synthesis

(20:01):
?
Well, I think they said it'stobacco.
Why tobacco?

Speaker 2 (20:05):
actually the one that we're using is the tobacco leaf
.

Speaker 1 (20:08):
Yeah, wine, tobacco.

Speaker 2 (20:11):
The research was done about 20 years ago at a
university lab and they spun itout to create coal plants.
So I would love to meet thefounder and dive deeper with him
and learn about that.
But the tobacco leaf seemed towork and be consistent, and the
company is founded and based outof Israel, and so there might
be some elements of certaingeographical requirements.

(20:33):
Yes, that's what.

Speaker 1 (20:34):
I'm guessing.

Speaker 2 (20:36):
But the one that we're using is tobacco leaf.

Speaker 1 (20:40):
Actually I have a question I forgot to ask you.
It's like, how do we know thisis human collagen and not other
collagen?
And two is whose genetics wereused?
I mean, is one individual'scollagen for everybody, or does
it matter?

Speaker 2 (20:53):
That's a great question and I don't have the
exact answer to that.

Speaker 1 (20:56):
Great, we have some mysteries to solve.
So, bowman, you're free to putyour email and your contact
links and your LinkedIn in thechat box, so people who are here
live can immediately connect toyou.

Speaker 2 (21:09):
I will do that, thank you.

Speaker 1 (21:10):
Okay, thanks.
Okay, we're going to move on.
This is rapid pace here.
We're going to move on to ournext speaker, ms Janina
Janelczyk.
I hope I did that right.
I think I'm a little bit.
Yeah, we need to talk aboutyour family, because you have a

(21:31):
history of science in yourfamily, janaina.
All right, please take it awayfrom here.

Speaker 4 (21:38):
Can you see my screen ?
Yes, let's go.
Hello everyone, I am JanainaDeroseki and I'd like to thank
you, jenny, for this opportunity.
I'm so happy to be here to talkabout this field and share my
studies.
Well, I am co-founder of CO2Quintus.
I am also a geneticist andduring my PhD I studied microRNA

(22:03):
Yostesis, bone induction withmicroarrays and mRNA
interference.
After my PhD, I studied in mypostdoc a separate bioprint
methodology, so let's starttalking about advanced
biomaterials.
I'd like to go straight to thepoint why we are producing human

(22:25):
extracellular matrix from human3D tissues.
It was a funny history.
My partner, Diogo, challengedme a long time ago if I would
keep teaching instead of doingsomething that impacted the
world.
I told him of course I willcontinue teaching, but also I

(22:46):
will do other things that impactthe society, and that's how
Quentin was born.
I start my presentation to askwhat is the main problem that we
are addressing Today?
The estimated cost of treatmenton patients waiting for an organ

(23:07):
transplant in the world isalmost $2 trillion.
The main treatment solution fortissue damage by aging, trauma
or implants is made withbiocompatible synthetic or
animal-based materials.
With the advance of celltherapies and biofabrication,
this appears to be taking adifferent direction.

(23:29):
New technologies open up newopportunities for the
development of advancedbiomaterials.
Of course that we should beconcerned about this issue.
What makes a good biomaterialfor medicine to restore tissues
organically?
We showed you understand thatbiocompatibility, printability,

(23:51):
bioactivity, scalability andreproducibility are the core
requirements for advancedbiomaterials in bioprinting and
the other fields in tissueengineering.
At QANTIS we address thesechallenges by using
extracellular matrix ECM modelsas inspirers for our biomaterial

(24:12):
design.
This approach allows us tocreate bioengineered solutions
that support cell survival,provide structural stability and
deliver the biochemical signalneeded to guide tissue
regeneration at the cellular andmolecular levels.
Here I bring somecharacteristics that polymers,

(24:35):
hydrogels and ECM present.
All of them are important forus, but when we're talking about
production, we are thinking inhybrid hydrogels or solutions.
In this case we combinedifferent molecules to achieve
better mechanical properties,enhance the biological functions

(24:55):
, immunological signaling andscalable process to have
solutions with better costbenefits.
But let's talk about ourplatform.
The name is Quantum TissuePlatform and we patent the
process and not the ECM solution.
After lectures aboutbiofabrication in general in my

(25:18):
journey I felt the need to thinkin new biomaterials for humans
without animal source.
Over the past five years wehave developed the Quotidish
platform, leaving by engineeringthe system that goes beyond
standard bioreactors byproducing real human ECM with

(25:42):
complete fidelity.
We are in Brazil, inside thebio industry, with our
laboratory.
I'd like to explain a littlebit more about our platform.
We use certified cells andinitiate a cell replication
process.
We add the cells tobiomaterials to prepare our

(26:02):
bio-wink, specifically bio-wink.
This bio-wink is loaded intothe bioprinters, simple
bioprinters, which, layer bylayer, build our derm-like
tissue.
Over six days, these 3D tissuesproduce collagen and the other
proteins such as elastin,fibronectin and glyphosamine

(26:25):
glycans itself.
After that, homogenization andextraction process without the
use of enzymes is performed andeach final value of Q-matrix is
collected and quantified.
This final solution is ourQ-matrix and, quantified, this

(26:48):
final solution is our Q-matrix.
It is important to highlightthat known antibodies are used
in our process.
In this new process you cantend the cells to produce other
types of ECM, for example, usingosteoblasts to produce bone ECM
and chondroblast to producecartilage ECM.
It's possible here.

(27:08):
I'm sharing some images from ourplatform.
First, you expand human primarycells.
After that we produceischeroids to build 3D tissues.
Here like dermal-like tissuesthat functional as a bioreactor.
It's not a bioreactor, but it'slike.

(27:30):
In the third image we showproteins and in red we
demonstrate the presence of type1 collagen.
In the last image we can showthe complex network that Q
matrix represents.
I included an image oflyophilized Q-matrix here.

(27:51):
Q-matrix is not just anotherbiomaterial, it is human
extracellular matrixbiofabricated for the first time
, scalable when we compare withother 2D cutters or with 2D
cutters inversatile for tissueregeneration.
With a solution like this, wecan produce several products in

(28:13):
medicine and aesthetics.
We obtain SLOR, ecm-containedintact proteins without
degradation because we don't useenzymes Through an entirely
animal-free process.
We do not use proteins fromanimal sources and the platform
provides regenerativefunctionality while being

(28:36):
sustainable.
Since all cells are recyclablein our platform, how can
Q-Matrix help in regeneration?
In this image, through a scannerelectron microscope, we can
observe importantmicrostructures similar to those

(28:56):
found in natural tissues.
We see pores that are favorablefor cell migration and
interaction that are favorablefor cell migration and
interaction.
Behind the pores there is alsoa complex network of large and
small fibers which are crucialfor cell adhesion and
differentiation.
Importantly, q-matrix is notcomposed of collagen alone.

(29:22):
It also containsglycosaminoglycans, elastin,
fibrinatin and a small amount oftype 3 collagen.
This unique composition makesit highly effective in mimicking
natural tissues and supportsregenerative models.
Here I present some results.

(29:43):
Archeomatrix can be used invarious ways, such as for the
production of an artificial skin, in vitro models, scaffold for
3D culture or collagen coatingfor cell culture, with the key
advantage of being bioidenticalto the natural hormone ECM.

(30:04):
I'd like to raise two questionsto streamline reflection on
cell culture work.
Which of them do you find mostinteresting or relevant for your
work?
Do you use any type of collagenor ECM in these steps?
So in some cases we can applyECM as an additive to study

(30:27):
cells, spheroids, bioinks andtissues in general in a
different way, often needing tosurprise the results, and in
this graph, at 80 micrograms perml, we observe 120% cell
viability compared to theculture medium, to the control

(30:51):
In this slide.
We used 3D skin models with cuts.
We did cuts to study the rateof fibroblast proliferation and
after 24 hours we observedintensive regions of fibroblast
proliferation.
Quants is able to overcome allthe key characteristics of

(31:16):
dermal and joint injectable,such as support, bio-stimulation
, bio-identical materials andtissue regeneration.
In addition, this newgeneration of collagen fillers
offers no adverse reactions dueto a poor process and a
regenerative effect.
When we compared the Q-Matrixsolution with commercial brands

(31:41):
available on the market.
We found that Q-Matrixstimulates fibroblast
proliferation instead of causingcell mortality, as some
anesthetic products to do,bio-stimulate collagen
production.
In this case, we aredemonstrating that your ECM

(32:05):
promotes new collagen productionthrough fibroblast
proliferation, not throughinflammation.
To conclude some of our studiesin recent months we have been
working with bone scaffolds andQ-matrix, comparing them with
red collagen.

(32:25):
We are conducting several testswith partners in the dental
industry and I would like tohighlight that the combination
of polymers, ceramics,bioglasses and the other
materials in this field can andshould be integrated with
advanced biomaterials to enhancetheir functionality and improve

(32:48):
the quality of the bone andcartilage produced.
We expect big progress in thisfield with the arrival of new,
more bioactivity scaffolds.
Currently, many biomaterials areused to regenerate and restore
the structure and biologicalfunction of damaged tissues.

(33:12):
However, we must all considerthat physicians and patients
need to easily understand andapply new biotechnological
solutions, including minimallyinvasive processes capable of
regenerating all tissues.
I leave here a reflection thesimplest solution often heals

(33:35):
the most.
Where is Qantas in itsdevelopment journey?
From lab validation topreclinical and clinical studies
, scanning with industrypartners and regulatory
alignment?
In Brazil and the othercountries, q-matrix for R&D is
possible.
We sold some samples forcosmetic industry, universities

(33:57):
and the other areas, but onlyR&D.
We are developing a newgeneration of regenerative human
tissues, not just to feel, butto truly reconstruct damaged
skin and tissues.
In five years we aim to supportdental cartilage and bone care
with innovative humanbiomaterials enabling the

(34:20):
development of new hydrogels,membranes, cements, glues,
scaffolds and other tissuesolutions.
We are a team of scientists andengineers using biofabrication
to shape the future of humanregeneration with new human
materials.

(34:40):
I would like to thank my teamhere and, to conclude my
presentation, I'd like to thankyou once again and say that I'm
open to connecting with everyone.
You can simply send me an emailor add me on social media.
I'm happy to answer anyquestions.
Thank you.

Speaker 1 (35:00):
Thank you so much.
Wow, amazing presentation.
Thank you so much.
Okay, everybody, if you haveany questions, please put them
in the Q&A box.
We have a couple minutes forJanaina to answer.
I'm going to start with mine.
It sounds like your bio ink, oryour material, is tunable as
well.
Question is how do you manage?

(35:27):
You know the composition, since, like you know, this is, it
seems like it's a compositerather than a single material in
your final product well aboutyour ibar material that I put in
my platform, or the final, theplatform, okay yeah yeah, well,
I use some polymers, syntheticpoly polymers and with
thermosensitive characteristics,and because these I don't use

(35:50):
enzymes and at the end Iseparate the cells and the ECM
produces.

Speaker 2 (35:56):
Okay.

Speaker 4 (35:57):
So because this is more easy to collect this ECM to
produce bioethics, okay, it'sbeneficial.
I don't know if I answered.

Speaker 1 (36:09):
Yes, and then how do you make sure that your final
material is what you really want?

Speaker 4 (36:16):
I analyze it with Western blood and other types of
tests to prove that I havecollagen, elastin, fibronectin
and gagisominoglicans.
So I have to do some kind oftestes to prove this.

Speaker 1 (36:39):
Okay, great.
And then it sounds like youguys are in preclinical phase
with the skin regenerationproduct.
This is a bioprinted skinproduct or this is just a
regular aesthetics trials?

Speaker 4 (36:54):
So great, great question.
Investor asked me a lot aboutthis.
So our final product is onlyproteins, only big proteins, and

(37:16):
because of this we have adevice, a medical device, and
not a biological product.
Because we have only proteinsand it's more easy to go to
market.
Because I don't have 3D tissues, I don't have cells, I have a
cellular solution of ECM.

Speaker 1 (37:36):
Got it.
Okay, great, okay.
Thank you so much for thepresentation.
So, everyone, in terms of therecording of this presentation,
it will be on demand on zoom.
So, where you are right now,you can just come back after the
end of this presentation andyou can watch it.
To answer a question from theaudience here okay, let me see
we have a question in the qa box.

(37:58):
Great, great presentation.
Have you performed any researchwith regards to 3D tissue
models for preclinical studies,in particular related to
autoinjectors or needle-basedinjection system
characterization?
That's a very specific question.
I don't really.

Speaker 4 (38:18):
I think it's above me .

Speaker 1 (38:20):
Yes, I don't know.
Let me just think twice whatthat means.
Autoinjectors or needle-basedinjection systems I don't know
what that is.
I don't know.
Scheme models Well, I think wejust talked about that.
Luciano, maybe we're notunderstanding your question
perfectly.
You feel free to contactJunaida about this.

(38:42):
You feel free to contactJunaida about this.
And the other question I havefor you is if a startup or a lab
wants to work with you, what isthe normal process of
collaboration?
Let's just say if the lab orstartup is not in Brazil, it's
somewhere else.

Speaker 4 (39:02):
I have some collaborators in Europe and
Germany and I'm at RECM in someprojects, in some master and PhD
projects, and I think that thenext few years I will have more
results about thesecollaborations.

Speaker 1 (39:22):
Okay, great, and so you can ship your material.
Mm-hmm.
Okay, so it's not locallyproduced, but you can actually
directly ship.
Yes, I ship it.
Okay, great, all right.
Well, thank you so much.
We're going to move on to thenext speaker, but we'll invite
you back for our finaldiscussion.
Next speaker is ProfessorRicardo Lovato, who is very well

(39:45):
known in the space ofbiomaterials.
Please take it away, ricardo.

Speaker 5 (39:55):
Thank you, jamie, thanks for the kind introduction
and thanks everybody forjoining this fantastic event.
I will change a little bit pacebecause I will dig a bit more
into fundamental research as ofwhat we do in the lab, but with
a clear focus on differentmaterials and how we can use
them indeed for biofabricationand I hope you can all see my

(40:17):
screen.
If not, please let me know Abrief introduction.
I'm from Utrecht Universitywhere, in my lab, we focus
specifically on developingdifferent biofabrication
technologies, with a strongfocus on light-based printing
techniques, as you will seetoday.
But, as also was said earliertoday, without materials there
is no printing.

(40:37):
So it's really fundamental thatwe have the right tools, the
right biomaterials, the rightbio-inks that we can then use to
create different structures forcapturing cells, and not only
for keeping high-shape fidelity,but also for letting cells do
what they know how to do best,which is reorganize the matrix
and produce new tissue as well,and for that we use both

(40:59):
commercial materials and somelab-made ones.
As you will see soon, we focuson application primarily in
vascular biology, as well assoft tissue engineering, such as
the pancreas and the liver, andthe technology I will talk
about today for those that don'tknow it yet, it has been around
already for six years what wecall volumetric bioprinting.
For those that don't know ityet, it has been around already
for six years.
What we call volumetricbioprinting, and what you see

(41:20):
here running in this slide, isactually a real-time video of a
print where you will seeappearing, now in the middle of
this field of view, the tower ofthe Cathedral of the Museum,
which is the landmark of ourcity, and it's about after 12
seconds the object appears.
So, for those that are notfamiliar with this technique yet
, what's happening is that wehave a photo.
Responsive material could beyour classic gel.
Actually, the gel is aworkhorse in our lab and we

(41:43):
shine light onto it using a bluelight laser that hits a digital
micro-mirror device and sendsthe light on the middle of the
vial.
Now, with every angle ofrotation of this rotating stage
where the vial is placed, theimage in the micro-mirror device
changes and, by usingtomographic algorithms, we
reconstruct the object that wewant to print by delivering
higher doses in the voxel thatwe want to cross-link.

(42:05):
So you stop the process, youwash out the unreacted material
and you're left with yourthree-dimensional object.
We have already applied thistechnique on different
applications and when we first,very first, started, we started
with Gelma and essentially tore-optimize a bit the
concentration of initiators andthe amount of cells that we can
actually load into these systemsin order to create these nice

(42:28):
models of the trabecular bone.
But we then moved on to softertissues.
For example, we printed liverorganoids and we then showed how
playing with the architectureof the print actually allows to
boost the function of theseorganoids, in this case of
performing vital liver function,for example, the elimination of
toxic compounds like urea fromthe bloodstream or, in this case

(42:51):
, the simulated blood that weinject in the in vitro model.
As well, as we showed, you canactually combine these
bioprinted materials withpre-made fibers of thermoplastic
polymers like PCL to createsort of PCL stands with the
lateral spinning, lateralwriting and then print around
the vascular structure, which wecan also perfuse.

(43:12):
And recently we've beenfocusing a lot on printing stem
cell-derived islets.
So we take induced pluripotentstem cells, we differentiate
them into pancreatic islets andwe print them into different
shapes with a perfusible channelto keep high viability and use
them as in vitro models fortesting drugs against diabetes.

(43:33):
However, a key challenge is toactually have materials that
enable the formation ofvasculature at all levels, so
not only the ones we can printbut also the capillaries that
have to grow within the print aswell.
And I have a student, so mystudent in my team, maria, has
been working with this vascularspheroid.
But you have material cells andstromal cells as support.

(43:53):
When you put them in the rightmatrix, this nice structure
happens and they startconnecting from the microvessels
.
With a big caveat what you seehere is done in matrigin, and
matrigin, first of all, is notprintable, but that's not the
biggest problem.
But, as you all know, it's avery chemically undefined matrix
, so it's derived from mousetumors.
So there is a lot of ethicalproblems, but also practical

(44:17):
problems, because if yourmaterial is not reproducible,
essentially your experiment oneday will vary completely from
the other day, and then it'svery difficult to really
identify important variableswhere your base material changes
so much.
So we went back to the drawingboard and we took a very

(44:38):
conventional gel mass gel to themetacrylate, and we thought can
we keep it printable or evenmaybe improve the shared
fidelity, the quality of ourprints, while also allowing cell
migration at the very highlevel?
So we achieved that byintroducing some supermolecular
units.
So we put adamantine, thesepurple boxes here, together with

(45:02):
cyclodextrin, which is thedrone here, as a bucket which
basically permits a guest-hostbond.
That is completely reversibleand the beauty of that is that
basically it makes the gelmicroscopically stiffer.
So now if we print these wheels, if we make it with normal gel,
not 5% weight or volume, theycollapse under their own weight.
But with this material they areable to withstand their own

(45:24):
weight and we can print themvery nicely, but at the
microscopic level, cell-levelforces.
Cells are able to break thesebonds with minimal integrated
stressors and therefore they canmigrate and after they move on
the gate closes back again,giving support to the structure.
So basically we can combine abeautifully suitable micro-scale

(45:46):
environment for cell with themacro-scale environment which
allow stiffness and printability.
And what you see here in greenare endothelial cells that are
populating a large print withvery high migratory capacity.
We can print these nice gyroids, as you can see here, and you
can appreciate our, in this case, phalloid-instained cells.
They can grow very nicely onthe surface of the gyroid, but

(46:08):
they can also populate thecross-section and stretch into
it, as you can see from thisconfocal cut of the object and
the nice aspect of that is, ofcourse, when you do volumetric
printing you start withrelatively low cell densities,
typically below 20 million cellsper ml.
But of course, since cells herecan proliferate, you can reach
physiological levels after a fewdays and weeks of culture.

(46:31):
We also dig a bit more into theeconobiology.
For those that are interested,all this information is in the
preprint which we have still onbioarchive at the moment.
The paper is still under reviewand basically we see that the
cells in our hybrid gel, as wecall it, are not necessarily the

(46:52):
most stretched compared to agel with a low degree of
functionalization, but they arethe ones that have the highest
activation of YAP, which is amarker of the carotransduction
essentially.
So the mechanical aspect of thecells breaking the bonds is
what really drives migrationhere.
And because we can now have agel where cells migrate very

(47:13):
nicely, we can try to think ofassays where migration is
especially important.
And we team up with people atthe oncology hospital here in
Utrecht with a group of NREOswhere they study immunotherapies
and basically they had cut Tcells, engineered T cells to
kill tumors and we tested themin the ability to invade our
gels when the gels are populatedwith the patient-derived breast

(47:34):
cancer organoids which are herein yellow, with the
patient-derived breast cancerorganoids which are here in
yellow.
So when we put them in mattergel, matter gel actually
inhibits T cell migration due tothe high laminin content as two
more derived matrix.
After all, the gel is too stifffor the T cells to go in and
you see, some of them havefallen around, but in an
overnight experiment they barelygo through the surface, whereas

(47:56):
in our hybrid gel, when westart imaging, the cells are
already invaded the gel and bythe time the overnight
experiment is gone they areswarming around the tumor and
you will see the yellow tumororganoids disassembling and
falling apart as they're beingkilled by these structures.
So now, because we can printthese gels, we can start
thinking of 3D abscesses wherewe can investigate these gels.

(48:17):
We can start thinking of 3Dabscess where we can investigate
their tumor targeting capacityin a more semi-realistic
environment.
So here we designed this breastcup where we have a porosity
inside that mimics the ducts andwe have spheroids of a healthy
cell line populating all aroundand in a specific spot sealed in
a breast cancer organoid.

(48:37):
So when we add into the portsour engineer t cells.
We can see if they actually goum off target so they go attack
in the hip the cell t cells, orthey can really find their way
to the tumor and attack it.
That's exactly what happens.
So when we look at the tumorcore here in this slice, we can
see the blue uh, you stay in theair car t cells that are
finding the tumor core andstarting to attack it.

(48:58):
As you can see from the redstained-ear in this last image
is CAR TECA space tree, whichmeans that the tumor cells are
undergoing apoptosis due to thetoxic effect of the T-cells.
So thanks to this, we can nowinvestigate different settings
and we are quite excited aboutexploring these materials a bit
further with differentapplications, but also to see if

(49:20):
there are commercial partnersto which we can perhaps bring
these materials outside from ourlaboratory and more in the
hands of more people besides us.
Of course, in terms of materials, of course, besides printing
itself, it's also important tocontrol the chemistry of what we
print.
So we also investigated tricksto engraft growth factors,

(49:45):
because typically in the matrixof our tissues it's not just a
structural role, but the matrixalso is a deposit for different
types of morphogens and growthfactors that lead tissue
maturation, for different typeof morphogens and growth factor
that lead tissue maturation.
So in this case, actuallyteaming up with partners in
Brussels actually one of thefounders of the company of
Jasper, which you'll talk afterme, which is Samblam and

(50:06):
Bliberger, we worked together onthis paper.
We synthesized this D-gelatinnorbornin, which of course can
photocross-link in presence ofof different dilated compounds,
but can also be used to engraftcompounds with cysteines.
So essentially any, any protein.
So what we do here, we firstmake a simple upper print and

(50:29):
then we infuse the protein ofinterest and we do a secondary
print that this time glues thegrowth factors in the path of
the light and not everywhereelse.
So if you do things right, yousee something like this, where
you have in green the printedgel with the channel in the
middle, and this red spiral hereis not a physical object but is
a trail of a growth factorwhere the chemistry of the

(50:50):
material has been modified.
The approach is quite highresolution.
We can print very differenttype of patterns and geometries.
We can reach about 50 micronresolution and the growth
factors are still vital andfunctional after we glue them.
As you see here, we print thischannel with only one side with
growth factors and in the middlewith endothelial cells seated

(51:12):
on.
And only when the VEGF in thiscase vascoendoth agrotactone is
grafted, we see the endothelialcells sprouting in and
penetrating into the gel,whereas in the other region they
just hit into the lumen withoutdoing anything.
And this is quite interestingbecause we can quantify it and
see what happens there.
But it's quite interesting tostart also altering the
chemistry of our materials toimprove the mimicry of the

(51:35):
native ECM and materials toimprove the mimicry of the
native ECM.
And one last thing that I wantedto share with you is not
necessarily materials related,but it's more on how we can
actually change the way we printthese materials.
And it's all spun from the ideathat tissues and organs of
course their geometry.
It's adapted to the functionthat they need to fulfill.

(51:57):
However, printing is notexactly adaptive in the sense
that we first decide, kind of apriori, the model we want to
print.
We prepare our bioresin orextrusion ink or whatever we
need and then we superimposeinside the vial of our resin the
design that we made,interrupting the cells a bit in
a random way.
So if you think of an exampleof creating blood vessels, you

(52:19):
will have some vessels that aregoing close to the cells of
spheroids of interest and somethat are pretty far, so you may
not have ideal viability there.
So with SAMI we thought if wecan sort of teach our printers
to see and also to designtogether with us, to improve the
quality of our print design aswell.

(52:39):
So we paired the printer with alight sheet imaging so that we
can scan the different cells orspheroids that are present in
that, use some computer visiontools to create a registration
map of where these spheroids areand then ask the printer to
generate automatically by itselfa design, for example a
vascular design where a vesselfits every spheroid that we

(53:03):
embedded in our resin.
The live sheet scanning andbasically, as I mentioned before
, this is tripodated to imaginginformation which then is used
to create the different designs.

(53:24):
And we can also ask the printerto change the design parameter
according to, for example, forS-men, stains that we include in
the spheroids or a geometricalconsideration that we may have,
and the printer generates thepaths for the actual printing.
Finally, perform the classicvolumetric printing with its
optimized design and we end upadding the feature of interest.

(53:47):
In real life it looks a bit likethat.
So this is a scan of theprinted part and the paper, by
the way, was just publishedyesterday, so feel free to it's
open access, so feel free to goand check all the details in
there.
And you see here how everysphere which are in false colors
are actually wrapped by thesecapillary networks.
We can set some rules, as Imentioned before, in terms of

(54:09):
geometry, size or colors.
So fluorescent staining and, ofcourse, besides vessels, you
can also encapsulate yourspheroids, connect them, but
also do multi-material prints sothat we can actually print the
first material, in this case thebone-like material, and then
have the cartilage fullyautomatically align on top of it
.
Just a quick run on an exampleof functionality.
So why should we even botherdoing all of this?

(54:32):
We made some gels where we havesome rings of pancreatic cells
and there we asked the printerto either make no channels, make
some random channels, oroptimize the design of channels
wrapping around this ring, withthe rule that the surface area
of the channels should be thesame across all samples to have
the same capacity to exchangesolutes.

(54:53):
This is a bit of what it lookslike now after we do a rendering
or a fluorescent imaging of thestructure, but this is, of
course, cross-sections andindeed there is a benefit in
that.
Of course, the optimizedvascular parameters give a
higher insulin secretioncompared to the others,
indicating that it gives betternutrients while help, of course,
the cells to perform better.

(55:15):
As I mentioned, we can also usethis approach, which we call
GRACE, which stands forGenerative, context-aware,
adaptive Volumetric Printing.
Basically, we have, we can dosome multi-material prints here.
We have the first print with anink that contains bone cells
the ink is gel in this case andthen with an ink that contains

(55:36):
cartilage cells and when youculture them long enough in the
right media, you getmineralization in the bony part,
as you can also appreciate inthis histological staining.
The brown here the bone costindicates calcium deposits,
whereas the red here indicatesthe cartilage region, indicates
because of aminoglycans, showingthat the two cells are
differentiating into the rightpath.

(55:59):
Now, I talked a lot about thisfor metric printing, but of
course I don't think that's amagic bullet that will solve all
the problems of biofabrication.
We actually need most likelyevery technology for a different
application.
Oftentimes we need to combinetechnologies together.
But as you can see from thisexample, materials are vital
because you can print any shapeyou want, but if your material

(56:19):
doesn't match the application orthe need of the cells you need
to use, there is very littleleft to do.
So, indeed, we need to combineall these things advanced design
, printing, relevant materialsin order to create fully
biofabricated implants forclinical application, as well as
for preclinical study and druginvestigation studies, for

(56:40):
example.
With that, I'd like to conclude.
I'm happy to thank you for yourattention and take any
questions you may have, and takethe chance to advertise that we
are hiring one PhD and onepostdoc, so feel free to reach
out via email or social media ifyou are interested.
Thank you.

Speaker 1 (56:56):
Thank you so much.
If I'm a student, I would joinyour lab in a sec.
Also, Professor, feel free toput the paper that just got
published in the chat box sopeople can download as well.
Thank you so much forpresenting the results.
We have a couple of questionsfrom the audience.
Let me take a look.
Let's see.

(57:17):
Okay, one question from Alina.
What is the main advantage ofusing the volumetric bioprinting
technique compared toestablished other types of
printing technologies?

Speaker 5 (57:31):
So one key advantage, of course, is speed.
So in the very first study whatwe showed is that, especially
when you want to createsomething that is several
centimeters in size andcentimeter cubes, you can make
it in 10, 20 seconds with thistechnology.
But with extrusion or DLP itscales up considerably.
With DLP it scales linearlywith the height.

(57:53):
With extrusion it scales withthe complexity of every layer as
well with the height withextrusion, in scales with the
complexity of every layer aswell.
So about four centimeter cubescan take up to a couple of hours
with extrusion, If you have adecent resolution, of course,
with this technique will take 20seconds.
That's, of course, a clearadvantage.
Another advantage is the freedomof design.

(58:14):
You can make very complexgeometries without the need of
supports or suspension buds oranything like that, which is a
key advantage.
That being said, there is alimitation on the density of
cells you can load at thebeginning.
With extrusion you haveessentially nearly no limitation
.
You could have a 90 percent ofthe volume of your ink made by

(58:34):
cells potentially.
So you could go very high herein this case, and you need light
to diffuse freely, operatefreely inside the volume.
So when you go very high insub-density you start having
scattering events, so typicallywe don't print more than 20
million cells per ml thattotally makes sense.

Speaker 1 (58:54):
Thank you so much for the explanation.
All right, we have anotherquestion from Gabriela I would
like to know regardingmicrovessel production Is
sprouting stimulated understatic or dynamic conditions,
and for how long do microvesselsremain stable and perfusable?

Speaker 5 (59:14):
Right.
So this experiment is static,and that's a very important
point, Because if you do it in astatic condition, after at best
, 10 days, they start regressingthe microvessels because they
need flow.
They need flow to keep thelumen open and patterned If you.
However, we have started in therecent months to actually do

(59:36):
active perfusion experiments andthere you can see, you can keep
them open for several weeks,but you do need perfusion,
Otherwise the vessels willregress and disassemble.

Speaker 1 (59:47):
Okay, thank you so much.
I have a question about themulti-material that you
mentioned.
I'm just kind of curious howyou accomplished several
different materials in one print.
Is it because you change theink in between, so you have to
take the thing out and then doit?
You have to do it twice.

Speaker 5 (01:00:04):
Yes, sorry, I didn't explain it very well, but indeed
it's a sequential process.
You first print material A, youwash out the erected material,
you have the printed part, youput it back into the printer and
load the second, secondmaterial and then do the
secondary print on top of it.
The advantage of the graceapproach is that you don't need

(01:00:25):
to align manually your printer,your, your printed object to the
light projections, because theprint does it for you.
The printer finds theorientation in which you place
your uh, your part and thenautomatically prints on top of
it or around it, whatever you.
The printer finds theorientation in which you place
your uh, your part and thenautomatically prints on top of
it or around it, whatever youneed I got it okay.

Speaker 1 (01:00:43):
Um, I have another question is um, you know, I I
love the adaptive bioprintingprocess you just introduced as
very innovative concept to mepersonally.
Um, just maybe a little bit ofphilosophical question is um,
what do you think it's have youguys done?
Or scientific question is haveyou just, you know, did a
comparison of micro vessels ormicro vasculatures that's

(01:01:06):
naturally generated from theoriginal, you know bigger print
versus the designed vessels bycomputers?
Have you guys decided, you, youguys figured out what's better?

Speaker 5 (01:01:21):
It's a fair point.
We have not done any comparisonthere, but I think to some
extent you need both.
Right, because you need theprinted vessels, but you also
need the cells to make thecapillaries, because of course,
there is a limit in terms ofresolution with what we can
print.
We can print down to about 200micrometers to have open

(01:01:44):
channels.
Anything smaller than that hasto come at the moment from
endothelial cell self-assembly.
So you need both and you needto anastomose, and there is some
fantastic work from the groupof Shula and Mittle-Eleven that
shows that in the context ofextrusion printing.
But you need to have bothapproaches there.
Of course, you couldpotentially print capillaries

(01:02:06):
with technologies like twophoton, and I believe that
jasper will talk a bit aboutthis technology later.
Yeah, um, but of course at thatpoint, uh, with two photon,
going to large volumes becomesvery challenging and you can
argue whether you really need toprint every single capillary or
you can just rely on theability of cells to make their
own job, of course.

Speaker 1 (01:02:26):
Yeah, I think that's actually my question.
Do you need to print everysingle capillary?
Probably not.

Speaker 5 (01:02:32):
But I mean it may be an approach right, it depends on
your question.
I mean maybe an approach rightIf your question it depends on
your question.
If your question is, I want acapillary that has this specific
geometry and I want toinvestigate, for example, some
vascular pathology where thegeometry is very important.
And then the question yeah,maybe you have to print it, but
if you want to do a structurewhere everything is vascularized
, maybe the best approach isactually to take the best of

(01:02:55):
both worlds.
So have the larger vesselsprinted and the smallest one
formed by the salesmenthemselves.

Speaker 1 (01:03:01):
That makes total sense.
Thank you so much, professor.
I'm going to move on to thenext speaker, since we have
quite a few content still comingup.
Next speaker is Jasper vanHorik, who is the CEO of BioInks
.

Speaker 3 (01:03:18):
All right, let me share my screen.
Okay, all right, can you see myscreen, I assume?
So, yes, okay, perfect, hieveryone, I'm here to talk today
about bio-inks and, morespecifically, the materials

(01:03:41):
related to bioprinting, but Ialways like to start with sort
of an analogy, and the analogy Ialways like to draw is the
analogy with classic cars.
You can keep a car runningforever if you have the right
spare parts, but, of course, forhumans, the situation is not
there.
So what if we could 3D printthe spare parts?

(01:04:01):
And that's actually why I wasoriginally inspired to pursue a
career in this field Like, whatif we one day could actually
generate these organs or spareparts?
Is it science fiction or is itscience?
Um, well, I'm already thefourth speaker, so I I don't
think I need to tell anybodyanymore that it is science, but

(01:04:23):
the concept behind it is isquite straightforward.
Um, actually, because, um, theidea is that you, you would take
your cells, uh, you put theminto a 3d printer and basically,
as he got also showed you, youput in your model of your tissue
you want to print.
You print your cells in theshape, you put it in culture and

(01:04:46):
afterwards you can implant it.
Of course, this is the theory.
Practice is a lot moredifficult, because cells are
very difficult to manipulate andone thing which is crucial if
you want to 3d print cells isthat you need to have proper
functioning materials.
But, of course, if you thinkabout most 3d printing materials

(01:05:06):
, um, they're not reallysuitable for it.
The conventional 3d printingmaterials at least, um, and also
this is the case, or this hasbeen the case for a long time,
for for bioinks if, if you lookat materials which would be
suitable, often they are notideal.
And what I want to focus on,especially in bio-inks is often,

(01:05:30):
especially in academic bio-inksis that there's poor
standardization and that mostbioprinting technologies just
don't possess the rightresolution for the right tissue
architecture and function.
And this brings us to what Ilike to refer to as the
biofabrication deception,because in a lot of cases you

(01:05:51):
have researchers which have verynice research in 2D and Petri
dishes and then they want totransfer it in 3D and they read
a paper about 3D bioprinting.
So they buy a bioprinter, theymake some materials or they get
some materials and they want tostart working.
They just want to convert it to3D and get what doesn't work.

(01:06:13):
And why is that?
Why is often the reason that itdoesn't work?
Well, there's multiple reasons.
First reason is oftenreproducibility of the applied
materials.
Especially if they're made intheir own lab, they may not have
the right expertise.
Second thing is in publications, of course, only the successes
are reported.
It's not published how manytrials it took or how much

(01:06:37):
optimization it took to make acertain material printable.
And the third thing, which wasalso already mentioned by
Ricardo, is there's often amismatch between expectations
and reality.
There's not one printingtechnology which fits all.
So in a lot of cases they buyone bioprinting bioprinter and

(01:06:58):
they expect the, the potentialof all the bioprinters, uh and.
And then they want to print,for example, something in the
resolution which is not notfeasible.
Um, and this is even moreexemplified if you look at the,
the one of the most popularmaterials, also mentioned by
Ricardo, elma, which wasoriginally developed in the

(01:07:19):
research group where we spun outfrom.
But if you look at publicationof ELMA and you see what
everybody is doing, you see thatevery lab does something
different degrees ofsubstitution, different
concentrations, differentphotoinitiators, different

(01:07:39):
solvents, which leads to poorreproducibility and, as a
consequence, often perceivedpoor reproducibility of gelatin
or bioinks and further fuelsthis biofabrication deception
that it becomes tricky.
So it's very clear that weshould do something about it.
And, if you ask me, there's aneed for standardization in

(01:08:01):
materials, because they arewhat's driving the field.
And that's why we launched thecompany BioInks.
We launched it three years agoas a spin-out from Kent
University and the FreeUniversity of Brussels, spin-out
from the research group ofProfessor Sandra van Vlietbeker,
who was also already mentionedby Ricardo, research group of
Professor Sandra van Vlietbergen, who was also already mentioned

(01:08:21):
by Ricardo.
And well, we launched thiscompany because we have a vision
that I think this is a visionwhich everybody here shares that
one day you will be able to goto the hospital and get new
tissues 3D printed using yourown patient-specific cells.
But, of course, it will nothappen automatically.
And one thing which is keythere is to provide reproducible
, standardized, high-performingmaterials to make the technology

(01:08:43):
turnkey, because the goal toclinics is reproducibility and
standardization and ease of use.
And so why did we focus on this?
Well, we had already someassets in our lab.
We were, as I mentioned.
Our lab is the lab where Jelmawas invented 25 years ago, or

(01:09:03):
actually this year celebratingthe 25th anniversary of Jelma.
It was originally developed inthe PhD of Ann van den Bulcke,
who is currently still abusiness developer and supported
us with the spin-off creationof the current uh company, um.
So we have this asset.
We have a very experienced teamuh founding team, of which we

(01:09:24):
have over 150 papers.
Between us have a lot ofknow-how on materials, um
formulations, processing andthings like that, which allowed
us to generate an entireportfolio of materials.
Again, as he kind of said, youcannot have one printing
technology for everything.
So we made different inks fordifferent printing technologies,

(01:09:45):
going from low-resolutionextrusion all the way to very
high-resolutionmulti-photonetography or
two-photon polarization.
But what we very stronglybelieve in what's already was
also exemplified by Ricardo andalso by Bowman is that light is
probably going to be the way togo, which brings us to the

(01:10:06):
company slogan of from light tolife is the way to go because
with, for example, thistechnology to photon
polymerization, this laser basedhigh resolution printing
technology, uh, you can printdown to subcellular dimensions,
um.
We can print down to one micronuh, even in the presence of

(01:10:27):
living cells, uh.
So that's one thing why webelieve light is the future.
The second thing, also alreadymentioned by ricardo, is.
The second thing, also alreadymentioned by Ricardo, is
scalability.
Speed is just a lot faster incomparison to the to the other

(01:10:48):
technologies and a lot morereproducible.
So, on our quest to make thisby fabrication technology,
turnkey, the materials is onething, but also the materials
they need to act very well withthe hardware.
So therefore, we also partnerup with different printing
companies like Upnano andNanoscribe, market leaders in
the field of two-photonpolymerization equipment, bajama
3D, felix Printers, extrusionmanufacturers, sherdine, also

(01:11:11):
making extrusion printheads, andthen, more recently, carahoot
hood, one of the?
Um biggest gelatin, biggestchemical suppliers in the world.
So that's downstream, butupstream it's also very
important because, as Imentioned, standardization is
key.
So we also have a closepartnership with rusulo, the
biggest manufacturer of ofgelatin, and, because we have

(01:11:36):
these collaborations with husolo, raw material suppliers of
gelatin.
And then they are at hand theprinting hardware.
Uh, this further builds on ourvision make the technology and
print.
So making it as easy as puttingthe materials in the printer,
putting yourselves in there andstart printing, and we have a
few um different materials inthis respect.

(01:11:58):
Um, so different printingtechnologies.
Uh, and I will just highlightsome of of of our exciting
materials um, one of them fordigital light protection.
So light based printing again,is the grassings.
This is a polyester, verybiocompatible.
You can, you can see itself onthere and here you can actually
uh appreciate the resolution.
You canible, you can, you cansee itself on there and here you

(01:12:19):
can actually appreciate theresolution you can obtain, as
you can see that you can see theindividual pixels of the of the
projector and the cells growingon top of it.
But what's really interestingon this material is that have
shaped memory properties.
So actually what you can do isyou can 3D print a complicated
shape.
You can then heat it up, deformthe shape and as long as you

(01:12:43):
keep it below body temperature,it will maintain this temporary
shape.
So, as you can see here, if wedip it in 5 degree water,
nothing really happens.
But if you take it up to bodytemperature, it goes back to the
originally 3D printed, morecomplicated shape, which makes
it interesting for implantation,approaches it up to to body
temperature.
It goes back to the originally3d printed, more complicated
shape, which makes itinteresting for um, for
implantation, uh, approaches um,uh, where you would, for

(01:13:05):
example, want something tounfold upon the body temperature
.
Another material we have for adifferent printing technology.
So for for this, um, highresolution proton polarization
is one of our hydrogel materials, hydrotech inks, and I think
here you can see what theperformance is of this
technology and it madetremendous strides there.

(01:13:27):
We can print frommicrometer-scale structures up
to centimeter-scale structures,but, as also already mentioned
by Ricardo, of course it takes awhile to print, depending also
on the field of view.
If you can still stay in thesame field of view, it goes
relatively fast because youprint through a microscope
objective.
But the moment you have tostart stitching it can become

(01:13:50):
quite long to print biggerstructures.
And therefore we also areworking on this volumetric
printing.
So we also have materials forthis volumetric printing.
So we also have materials forthis volumetric printing.
We have this gelma-based resinthat we developed and here
although Ricardo already gaveplenty of examples of the
performance of this technology,but here as well you can see a
live printing process in one ofour gelatin resins for Pi Day

(01:14:19):
and you can see the letter Picoming appearing.
And this is real time.
It only takes a few seconds.
You develop it and you haveyour structure.
And because it's so fast it hasincredible self-viability.
And since this technology is sofast.
It actually opens up the ideathat one day you could have this

(01:14:39):
technology inside the operatingtheater, that you would have a
bioprinter inside the operatingroom where you could, during a
surgery, take out the patient'scells, take out the damaged
tissue, print your construct andplace it back in.
So of course this is still avision for the future.
But the technology is gettingthere and the materials cannot

(01:15:00):
lag behind.
So it's important to have theright medical grade materials
and therefore we partnered upwith Rousselot using their
ex-pure, endotoxin-freegelatin-based materials, which
we also launched our firstmedical-grade extrusion-based
ink.

(01:15:22):
This is all materials, but ofcourse it's the applications
which make it interesting, andthese different materials can
all be used for differentapplications which, for example,
look into gelatin-based resinsfor high resolution.
Some of our collaborators haveused this for studying tumor
models, where they 3d printedthis dome shaped structure over
a spheroid of tumor cells tostudy the effect how the cells

(01:15:47):
are are migrating.
Also closely related to to thecarous talk, you can indeed use
this two photon polymerizationto print micro blood vessels in.
In this case this was a microblood vessel printed lined with
endothelial cells within amatrix of other cells and here
it's to study the interactionand the diffusion of nutrients

(01:16:08):
from the blood vessel to thetissue.
So for these specificapplications it can become very
interesting to go into this highresolution.
Another thing you can use itfor is to study actually the
influence of mechanicalstimulation on cells.
So here there's a cluster ofcells printed inside, again with

(01:16:29):
two photon polymerizationsinside a device which can be
activated using atomic force,microscopy to put forces on the
cells and then see how the cellsreact to these forces.
And then another model is againa tumor metastasis model.
So you see, on top you seetumor cells and on the bottom
you see a blood vesselcompartment and you see here

(01:16:52):
actually that the tumor cellsare migrating towards the blood
vessel to study metastasis inthe human body, depending on the
mechanical properties of thechannels which are formed.
Then, going to non-gelatinmaterials, polyester-based
materials, this is again donewith two-photon polarization

(01:17:13):
collaboration with a researchgroup of Professor Alexander
Osyanikov from TUWIN, where theyactually used this
biodegradable polyester to makecages for spheroids.
And why do they want to do that?
Because if you haveconventional spheroids and you
put them together, they willstick together, they will merge,
but then they will also becomenecrotic and they will shrink

(01:17:34):
again, but by putting thespheroids inside a cage you can
actually have them growingtogether without becoming
necrotic and keeping up theirvolume.
So in this case you generate aninjectable high cell laden
material which you can use, forexample, for cartilage
regeneration, and you can seehere that actually this ferret
takes up the shape of the cage.

(01:17:55):
So you can even make somethingcompletely out of nature cubic
spheroids or pyramidal spheroids.
But in this case rand spheroidswere needed and of course this
is a very high resolutiontechnology, meaning that, um,
conventionally it was very slowto produce these things, but
recently, uh, they developed anew type of two photon printer

(01:18:16):
based on a resonance scanner,where they can actually upscale
the production, because this isreal-time printing, what you see
here.
They can upscale the productionof these spheroid cages up to
five to six thousand cages perhour, which is an incredible
increase.
It scans up to 5 to 6,000 kgper hour, which is an incredible
increase.
It scans up to 66 m per second,as you can see here in this
live video.
And then for extrusion, alsousing this Gelma material, which

(01:18:39):
is very popular incollaboration with Glee Leuven
uses for cartilage regeneration,so you can encapsulate cells in
there.
And what's interesting there is, you have a relatively soft
matrix matrix, but you see overtime that the cells are starting
to deposit their ownextracellular Matrix, thereby
bringing up the um mechanicalproperties with a, with a uh,

(01:18:59):
two orders of magnitude, showingthe formation of actual
cartilage.
With that, I would like tothank you for your attention and
if you have any questions, feelfree to ask them.

Speaker 1 (01:19:14):
Thank you, jasper, fantastic presentation.
We are running slowly out oftime so I'd like to move on to
our last speaker so that we havesome time for discussion.
But fantastic presentation.
You do have some questions inthe Q&A box, and thanks for
submitting them, guys.
So, jasper, you can actuallytype in the answer directly in
the Q&A box.
And thanks for submitting them,guys.
So, jasper, you can actuallytype in the answer directly in

(01:19:34):
the Q&A box for some of thequestions, but we want to have
enough time for a discussion atthe end.
So, if you don't mind, no,sounds good.
Okay, I'm going to introduce ourlast speaker, scott Taylor,
from PolyMed.
Also, I want to mention thatPolyMed is a sponsor for this

(01:19:54):
event.

Speaker 6 (01:19:57):
Thank you very much for supporting us.
Yes, thank you.
I tell you this is a perfectwebinar series to be a part of.
Yeah, I think so many of thespeakers already highlighted the
importance of, you know, thebiomaterial inputs to 3D
printing and that's exactly.
You know what we want to talkabout today.
So, and hopefully you know,looking at that in terms of

(01:20:17):
these supportive materials fortissue engineering and overly
tissue-based structures that wecan print.
So, yeah, that's the topic fortoday.
I am the Chief TechnologyOfficer at PolyMed and we will
have a chance to talk about that.
Let's see focuses on medicaldevices and specifically medical

(01:20:52):
devices based on absorbablepolymeric structures.
So we synthesize materials Mostoften, these are more flexible
or tougher, there's some uniquenature to them and then we
convert those materials intouseful articles in relation to
3d printing.
Uh, we'll, we'll hit on acouple of those, but, um, you
know it's, it's filaments for uh, for FDM based printing, and

(01:21:14):
then uh UV curable polymers aswell.
But but it's more than justthat.
We we make uh fibers andtextiles.
Uh, we, uh.
We actually producedelectrospun structures.
Uh, I had the first uh medicaldevice that was cleared by FDA
that was electrospun a number ofyears ago that was developed
and manufactured here and wecontinue to do that.

(01:21:35):
So this is an example of someof the things that we've
produced at PolyMed.
So we are in South Carolina, soI know there's people here from
around the world and it's kindof an honor.
It's an honor to be presentingto you, but we've been around
for a long time spent out ofClemson University about 30

(01:21:55):
years ago and the work thatwe've done has really been able
to support a number of medicaldevices, both class two and
class three implants,translating to millions of
implantations but, I think, moreimportantly, advancing the
importance and the technology ofbiomaterials synthetic
biomaterials for medical devices.

(01:22:18):
So, yeah, you know one of theexamples here we do support FDM
printing, so this isfilament-based printing and our
thesis going into this when westarted this is about 2015 is
when we jumped into the 3Dprinting application of these

(01:22:40):
materials.
You know, these additivemanufacturing, like everyone
else has said, has incrediblepotential to change lives and to
change how we perform medicine.
But there's a big separationbetween the technologies and the

(01:23:06):
materials that were availableat the time and how that they
could be used to maximize theirbenefit, and that really is, you
know, one of those aspects ismechanical competence, and we've
talked about that.
A number of the other speakershave talked about the.
You know the mechanicalpotential of materials and the
need to support, especially intissue engineering, these newly

(01:23:30):
developing cells andtissue-based structures through
the early phases of woundhealing, so that mechanical
competence comes from a varietyof materials and you need
different performing materialsdepending on how you're using it
.
When I talk about mechanicalcompetence it is you can think
of it in terms of kilopascals ofstiffness, so this would be in

(01:23:52):
relation to a very flexiblerubber or TPU-like material all
the way up to the low gigapascalrange, which would be on the
order of hard tissues in thebody.
So bone and materials that wehave developed here support that
full range of performance.

(01:24:13):
And then you know so, after wehave this temporary support
structure that we create, theintention is the materials will
degrade over time and the trickypart about that is you know
materials that need to bedeveloped so that they're safe
throughout that degradation timeas well, so as they're
degrading.

(01:24:33):
Most of these degrade byhydrolysis, so we're generating
byproducts throughout thedegradation lifetime.
Material need to benon-cytotoxic and all of these
other components to supportwound healing, especially for
new cell deposition, butthroughout the healing life and

(01:24:57):
throughout the degradation lifethat we cannot elute any
byproducts that would somehowinhibit the performance of the
product.
So here's an example of afilament-based feedstock that we
have developed.
We've actually supported fiveclinical trials with
filament-based feedstocks thatwere produced at PolyMed and

(01:25:21):
this is one example of apreclinical model that we put
together around hard tissues andthis feedstock was based on
polyester but also combined withbioactive glass and beta-TCP to
have that biologic cue that isreally not available with a foam

(01:25:44):
plastic polymer.
So we were able to convert thatinto a high-quality,
high-resolution device to fitvery specific and complex
geometries.
And then we did perform arabbit study with that to look
at integration and health of thebone and you can see a CT scan

(01:26:07):
from that.
To look at integration andhealth of the bone and you can
see a CT scan from that.
So excellent infiltration intothis matrix structure and great
integration of these newlydeposited bone to the surface of
the implant.
So we have high resolution.
You can see the negative,basically, of the structure that

(01:26:28):
was created.
And then the best thing aboutthe FDM-based feedstocks is
these are thermoplasticmaterials.
So these thermoplastics arevery similar.
They're not identical tomaterials that have been on the
market in medical devices sincethe 1970s, so the regulatory

(01:26:49):
pathway is very well understood.
We know how to take a newversion of a polymer and support
that through biocompatibilitystudies, support that through
all of the animal models, theGLP studies the in vitro
degradation of both mechanicaland mass over time, and provide

(01:27:14):
a great story to FDA and supportthat.
So it's really not a risk indeveloping a medical device to
use a new polymer that's stillbased on historic technology.
So very proud of thesematerials and I think it's a
great starting point forbiomaterials in additively

(01:27:39):
manufactured medical devices.
But we know this is not the end.
Fdm does still suffer from lackof high resolution and there
are definitely some limits interms of what the material can
do to create these highlyresolved, especially small
structures.
And for that reason you know,over the past several years we

(01:28:03):
have focused a lot on a newclass of materials at Polymed
that are cross-linkable andchain-extendable by UV curing.
It's certainly not the onlyapplication in terms of DLP or
SLA, but in terms of just a UVcurable system that could be
used as a thin coating.

(01:28:23):
It can be used to create solidobjects.
I'm actually using thismaterial in a photolithography
application, making highlydetailed cell wells, but in this
case we've focused on theapplication to DLP-SLA and it's
also been explored in twophotons.
So the material is compatiblewith a variety of techniques and

(01:28:47):
through this we're able tocreate highly resolved cellular
structures or even solidstructures.
And again, this material, wehave focused on the higher
flexibility structures, thingslike a foam or like a TPU-like
material, but we also have theability as a platform to turn

(01:29:08):
that into a rigid materialcloser to that high megapascal
or gigapascal range.
The unique thing about lightcurable polymers based on
polyester technology is that thephoto initiator has to be at a
certain level that supportsbiocompatibility, because it's a

(01:29:30):
complete ink package, aviscosity modifier or a

(01:29:53):
stabilizer or a filler or thephoto initiator that is required
to turn that into, you know,from that liquid material into a
solid structure through theprinting process and that allows
the the biocompatibility,especially early in the
degradation life and to be, youknow, highly biocompatible, not
not cytotoxic, etc.
But then throughout the life.
This material was designed ascontinuing to be researched in

(01:30:16):
terms of safety of itsdegradation byproducts so they
can be well characterized tosupport applications ultimately
going to FDA or for EU MDR, etcetera.
So, yeah, so, biomaterialthroughout the degradation
lifetime, very predictable, verycompatible with sterilization
techniques such as ethyleneoxide or radiation sterilization

(01:30:40):
, and it's been a big focus andwe've come a long way.
We actually have used materialsin several preclinical models.
At this point trying to justcontinue to build the volume of
work so that it's easy to adopteither for academic research
purposes or for targeted medicaldevice development, and this is

(01:31:04):
what we do.
So we are a CDMO.
The intent of the research zoneat Polymed is to be able to
apply those to medical devices.
So we're very near in our R&Defforts.
We're very near to the end goalof transfer of that into a
marketable technology, and sothat's exactly what both of
these are for the FDM filamentsas well as the SLA or DLP

(01:31:31):
printable materials.
And then we work with companies, we work with academic
institutions to develop productsand ultimately in the CDMO
model we want to ultimatelysupport that through
manufacturing material supply ofthat marketed medical device.
So with that, thank you guys,appreciate being here and I'd

(01:31:54):
love to answer any questionsabout either materials.

Speaker 1 (01:32:00):
Awesome.
Thank you so much, scott, greatpresentation.
Okay, I'm going to inviteeverybody on screen, since we're
definitely running out of time,but I want to be able to ask
the panel a question and alsowe'll continue to have questions
from the audience as we'regoing.
You know, we've been hostingBiomaterium conferences for

(01:32:23):
almost several five yearsprobably at least every year and
there's always complaint aboutthe lack of materials to work
with for bioprinting and medicaldevice communities, and I think
one of the reasons is justreally slow to develop new
materials.
Biology is really really slow.

(01:32:43):
My question is you know, inyour line of works in the last
years it sounds like everybodyhas been in this space for at
least a decade.
Are we accelerating the processof generating new materials?
I'll start with you, Scott.

Speaker 6 (01:33:01):
Yeah, you know, I don't know if we're accelerating
, but I think what we'restarting to see I think Jasper
presented some materials,ricardo presented some materials
is that all of this work thathas been going on for the past
decade is now starting to cometo light.
So we're starting to actuallysee some of the fruits of this

(01:33:22):
five to ten years of work.
You know, I know, we wereworking on this photo set
materials, what we call our UVcurable system.
You know, for six or sevenyears, before we even talked to
anybody outside of our wallsabout it.
So I do think that, andhopefully that does inspire, you

(01:33:49):
know, additional research, atleast uncover some of the
challenges with the materials,so that we can continue to
iterate upon that.

Speaker 1 (01:33:52):
But I think, yeah, right now we're just seeing the
initial fruits of that lastdecade of evaluation.

Speaker 3 (01:33:58):
Great Jasper, yeah, so I think it all depends on
what you consider new materials,I think so there is now, over
the past well, 25 or 20 years,there have been some standard
materials for example, gelatinor gelma is a very popular
material and I think now we'reat a time that they have proven
their function, they have proventheir compatibility.
So now it's up to fine-tuningthe properties by playing around

(01:34:22):
with chemical functionalitiesor playing around with
formulation to further fine-tuneit.
So I think it's not necessarilythe era of new, new, new, new
materials it's no longer therebut it's more into fine-tuning
existing materials to make themmore performing, because why

(01:34:43):
would you reinvent the wheel ifit's already there?
So that's a bit my perspectiveon it.

Speaker 1 (01:34:50):
Right, we're not new humans.
We're still the same material.

Speaker 5 (01:34:54):
Exactly.

Speaker 1 (01:34:55):
Ricardo.

Speaker 5 (01:34:57):
I agree with the points made by Scott and Jasper,
but I also wanted to add thatthere is also an increasing
awareness as the technology hasmatured.
There is an increasingawareness on the need for
materials for specificapplications, and that drives
the development of targetedmaterial for with certain
properties, um, especially withthe most much more mature
technologies like extrusion, dlpthat have been around for a bit

(01:35:20):
longer, and and to photon aswell, um, yeah, I think I think
there is a clear drive in theresearch community and in the
community in enabling newapplication, with variations of
the materials, for example, andbesides, of course,
standardization, which is vitalto go towards investing clinics,

(01:35:42):
as Jasper also mentioned before.

Speaker 1 (01:35:46):
Yeah, totally Janina.

Speaker 4 (01:36:12):
Well, I agree with Dave.
Yeah, totally, Janaina.
Functionality and I think thatthe several materials that I can
use in biofabrication can putsome molecules or some
modifications that help usbetter.
So in my opinion, I think inthe next years this field is
increasing a lot.
It's increasing more because ofthis type of researchers and

(01:36:33):
companies that are looking forimproving molecules, improving
modifications, improvingtechnology to get more
biomaterials for humans and theother medicine field.
I think, in my opinion, Greatthanks.

Speaker 1 (01:36:53):
So I saw some of you guys presented generative design
using computers and we haveactually saw several
presentations in the last yearon various companies using
machine learning, ai tocharacterize materials, for
example.
And then also there was anapplication from Singapore that

(01:37:15):
we saw recently using AI,machine learning, to figure out
the perfect cell density,composition of the material, to
figure out the perfect formula,in a more accelerated fashion.
So instead of like testing athousand different formulations,
for example in the lab, theycan simulate in computer and
have some kind of predictivealgorithm.

(01:37:37):
Any thoughts about that?
I mean, we're really there yet,or this is still somewhat of a
sci-fi.

Speaker 5 (01:37:48):
Maybe I can start with some thoughts.
I think we are getting there.
So things are becoming quiteadvanced and maturing very fast,
especially when it comes towhat you just said, jenny, which
is improving printingresolution.
So you can see, starting fromthe materials properties,

(01:38:08):
without running many trial anderrors, you can optimize.
Starting from the materialsproperties, without running many
trial and error, you canoptimize your extrusion pressure
or your light dose delivery.
That will make, indeed,optimization of materials much
faster and improve printingresolution.
And it is already coming.
So it's.
There is, of course, some workto do still, but it is getting
there.
The work I used today we tryingto do something a bit different

(01:38:31):
, which is more of a co-designwith the printer, that
essentially the software of theprinter thinks along with you to
optimize the environment forthe cells.
That's a bit, of course, newer,but I see a future development
in that direction as well.

Speaker 1 (01:38:49):
Great, excited to see more work out of your lab.
Everyone else, please chime in.
There's no need for me to justjump in.
No need to be polite, okay, allright.

Speaker 3 (01:38:59):
I think well, since we are on the material aspect
and not really on the design ofthings, but I think AI makes a
lot of sense also there.
You can input some feedbackfrom your experiments and then
try to optimize it.
Uh, so much faster and moreefficient than it used to be in
the past in terms of, indeed,cell densities to use or um

(01:39:21):
concentrations to use.
I think over time you willbasically be able to have like
um on-demand properties that you.
You would say I want a printedconstruct with just mechanical
properties for this cell typeand you would just get a recipe
out of your AI technology.
So I think it helps a lot withthe optimization of certain

(01:39:44):
things in the materialcomposition.

Speaker 6 (01:39:46):
That could be, jenny, where you asked about the
acceleration.
I think that things in thematerial composition yeah, I
think, right, that that could beuh.
You know, jenny, where youasked about just the
acceleration, you know, I thinkthat the support system you know
for doing that is now available.
You know, we see um, you knowthings with uh, with
identification of polymerproperties and all of these
things, uh, they're nowavailable.

(01:40:07):
You know, with the right dataset, um and a generative ai
platform.
So you know, yes, using a setof materials, a subset of
ingredients that we know is, isuh, is reasonable and safe and,
you know, biocompatible, allthese things, uh, we can now be
much more targeted, um, as interms of the properties, um, you

(01:40:28):
, properties that we're able toachieve.
So, yeah, it's a great kind ofsynergy between these
technologies.

Speaker 1 (01:40:35):
Yeah, I look forward to it and actually I know there
are instrumentations orinstrument providers now are
looking into the data set, theirown data set and create
applications to characterizematerials and hopefully that
would help the industry movingforward.
The other final question I wantto ask also is something that I
think, scott, you mentioned inyour presentation is
electrospinning or melt type of3D fabrication.

(01:41:01):
Just kind of curious, you know,is everybody working on this
side of the 3D printing?

Speaker 6 (01:41:08):
What are the challenges to develop material
for this particular process inthe realm, maybe not directly
additively manufactured likewe're talking about here, you

(01:41:30):
know.
But even if we look at, youknow, a traditional product like
a hernia mesh right, these aretraditional knitted textile
structures.
You know, if they're degradable, they need to have an
additional function of supportand scaffolding, right.
So electrospinning is anotherway to get at a structure that

(01:41:51):
supports rapid integration andproliferation across the surface
.
So, yeah, we have a differentset of materials, a different
set of performance parametersthat we look for with materials
that support electrospunproducts, that we do for
materials that are more suitablefor additive manufacturing by

(01:42:11):
filament, and even you know someof the powder-based
technologies that are, yeah,that are available but
underutilized, with absorbableabsorbable plastics yeah, I
think that is also anotherprocess, just like light-based
3d printing.

Speaker 1 (01:42:28):
there they can both produce very scalable products,
and I think a lot of thepresenters here really focus on
probably the other, also veryscalable process, which is the
light-based products.

Speaker 6 (01:42:43):
It feels like scalability is important.
Everyone wants to talk aboutthat, everyone wants to talk
about that.
But I see a lot of similaritiesin the additive manufacture
that we saw 20 years ago withelectrospinning A lot of promise
, but no one thinks it's thatscalable.
But for the application itworks great.
It's highly controlled surfaceswith electrospinning, a lot of

(01:43:07):
academic research, followed bysome smart applications that are
now translating into reallyscalable products.
So hopefully we see that sametrend with these additively
manufactured materials andproducts.

Speaker 1 (01:43:23):
Absolutely Okay.
I'm going to conclude thiswebinar by asking everybody to
just say one thing they reallywish to have right now.
Because you know, thesespeakers are donating their time
for free.
I got to give them somethingback.
So, to pay back for thiswebinar, I'd like you guys to
just shout out what you wantright now.

(01:43:44):
I'm starting with Ricardo.
I think he already said hewanted a graduate student or
postdoc.

Speaker 4 (01:43:55):
You can say one more wish.

Speaker 1 (01:43:57):
Yeah, you can say one more wish.

Speaker 5 (01:44:00):
Yeah, so besides new team members, I would say easier
access to as much raw materialas possible.
Okay, so we can do researchwith it, but I think I know For
free, for free, yeah, maybe Someof the companies here want to
team up.

Speaker 1 (01:44:19):
Okay, sounds good, janela.
What about you?
What do you wish for right now?

Speaker 4 (01:44:24):
Well, there are many problems in this field, but we
cannot stop and I am here toimprove more and more this area
with you and the disease.

Speaker 1 (01:44:40):
Great, awesome, scott .
What do you want right now?

Speaker 6 (01:44:45):
Yeah, the volumetric printers looked very interesting
.
I'll take one of those.
We'll share some materials.
We'll get a volumetric printerslooked very interesting.
I'll take one of those.
We'll share some materials.
We'll get a volumetric printerand maybe a sandwich, I don't
know.
It's lunchtime.

Speaker 1 (01:44:55):
That's what I was going to say.
Everybody wants some food.
Yeah, absolutely, coffee orfood either, jasper, what about
you?

Speaker 3 (01:45:04):
Well, I would say, some more customers.
So if you want to accelerateyour research and don't have to
start from scratch, get yourmaterials with us and it greatly
advances where you need to go.
I mean, we're already doingthat with Ricardo, we're already
supplying him with somematerials and there's more where
that came from.

Speaker 1 (01:45:26):
But not for free.
That is the key.

Speaker 3 (01:45:29):
That's something we will discuss in the next two
weeks, I guess.

Speaker 1 (01:45:32):
Okay, awesome well, that's a really nice conclusion
that we have.
Thank you very much for joiningus.
This will be on demand for freefor a couple weeks, so invite
your students colleagues towatch it so they can learn as
well as I did.
Alright, okay, until next time.
Thank you everyone, goodbye,thanks thanks, jenny.

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Episode #94 | Advances in Biomaterials for Medical 3D Printing (Virtual Event Recording)

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.css-14f5ked{margin:0;word-break:break-word;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;overflow:hidden;}Episode #94 | Advances in Biomaterials for Medical 3D Printing (Virtual Event Recording)