The Urdu Ghazal Podcast, Season 5 Episode 11: Josh Malihabadi

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Josh Malihabadi (1898-1982) was one of the most significant Urdu poets of the last century. Due to his revolutionary poetry during the freedom movement, he became known as Shaayir-e-Inquilaab. Josh was born Shabbir Hasan Khan on December 5, 1898,  in Malihabad. He studied at St. Peter's College in Agra and later at Tagore's University, where he acquired proficiency in Arabic, Persian, Urdu, and English. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru held him in high esteem and frequently attended the mushairas where Josh recited his poetry. The most dramatic chapter of Josh's life came in 1958 when he migrated from India to Pakistan. He had great difficulty in adjusting to the new reality, but could not return and had to live in Pakistan till his death in 1982. His work was celebrated posthumously when the Pakistani government commemorated his centenary by issuing a postal stamp. He was also bestowed with the Hilal-i-Pakistan, the country's highest civilian award, in 2012. Josh's significant poetry collections include Naqsh-o-Nigar, Shola-O-Shabnam, Fikr-O-Nishat, and many others. His autobiography, Yaadon ki Barat, is noted for candid writing.