May 21, 2025 • 34 mins
The Wildlife Matters Podcast tackles the urgent challenge of climate change and its detrimental effects on wildlife conservation, especially in light of the unprecedented warm spring of 2025, now recorded as one of the hottest in UK history. In the opening segment, we draw attention to the significant consequences of rising temperatures on local ecosystems, stressing the critical need to maintain water sources and shaded habitats for wildlife during these scorching months. This discussion highlights the fragile balance between appreciating nature and the essential responsibility to create and protect environments that support diverse species.
Moreover, the episode dedicates substantial time to examining the serious legislative threats posed by the government's new planning and infrastructure bill, which jeopardises existing protections for wildlife. This compelling narrative emphasises the necessity for active participation in conservation efforts, urging listeners to reach out to their local representatives and advocate for robust environmental protections that defend vulnerable species and their habitats.
Key Takeaways:
- The spring of 2025 in the UK is characterised by record-high temperatures that threaten wildlife.
- Providing water sources and shade is crucial to support wildlife during extreme heat.
- The proposed planning bill could significantly undermine protections for various wildlife species in the UK.
- Common frogs, once thriving, now face grave risks due to habitat loss and disease.
- Conservation initiatives for endangered species like the pine marten and barn owl are essential.
- Listeners are encouraged to engage with their MPs to demand wildlife protection in the face of development pressures.The Wildlife Matters Podcast tackles the urgent challenge of climate change and its detrimental effects on wildlife conservation, especially in light of the unprecedented warm spring of 2025, now recorded as one of the hottest in UK history. In the opening segment, the hosts draw attention to the significant consequences of rising temperatures on local ecosystems, stressing the critical need to maintain water sources and shaded habitats for wildlife during these scorching months. This discussion highlights the fragile balance between appreciating nature and the essential responsibility to create and protect environments that support diverse species.
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Transcript
Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
(00:26):
Hello and welcome to thisweek's Wildlife Matters Podcast podcast.
The spring of 2025 isconsidered to be one of the warmest
on record for the UK, withboth March and April experiencing
record breaking temperatures.
March 2025 was the warmest onrecord for Europe and the second
(00:46):
warmest globally.
The UK's mean temperature forApril was.
Also notably high, making itthe third warmest April 2nd since
records began.
So while we enjoy thesunshine, let's take a moment to
consider the wildlife.
That shares our world and ourgardens with us.
To help support wildlifeduring warm weather, please provide
(01:10):
water sources, create shaded areas.
And avoid cutting back plantsand shrubs in your gardens.
Offering shallow dishes ofwater, placing them in shaded spots
spots and ensuring they.
Are cleaned regularly willhelp animals to stay hydrated.
And on today's episode of theWildlife Matters podcast, we will
(01:31):
feature one of the mostincredible amphibians that is native
to the uk, the remarkablecommon frog.
Join me by a lake at dawn.
On the Gwent levels for sometime in Nature in this week's Wildlife
Matters Mindful moments.
And we're also going to be trying.
(01:52):
Something new in this week'sWildlife Matters and Nature News.
As the government's newplanning and infrastructure bill
moves through Parliament,which could mean the end of many
protections for wildlife.
And nature to allow for more development.
We will take a look at some ofthe fantastic wildlife that is currently
(02:13):
protected protected under lawin the uk that is coming up next
on this week's WildlifeMatters Nature News.
(02:40):
Hello and welcome to thisweek's Wildlife Matters Nature News,
where we have something.
A little different for you today.
With the proposed planning andinfrastructure bill currently being
discussed by the Britishgovernment, we're going to take a
look at some of the wildlifespecies that are currently protected
in Britain, which may bechanged to allow for the development
(03:04):
of more homes for people whowill be displacing our wildlife.
This is from an article thatWildlife Matters is about to publish.
The first species to look atis the pine marting.
Now, the pine marting is a charming.
And agile member of themustelid family, which includes other
(03:25):
animals such as weasels,badgers and otters.
These carnivorous mammalsoccupy a wide range of habitats throughout
most of Europe and parts ofthe Middle East.
They are noted for their keensense of sight, smell and hearing,
making them exceptional hunters.
(03:46):
Pine martins are easilyrecognizable by their distinctive
coats, which range in colorfrom light to dark brown and are
complemented by a cream oryellow bib on their throats.
While these animals typicallyfavor woodland environments, they
are adaptable, and they cansurvive in more open spaces as long
(04:08):
as sufficient tree cover isavailable for shelter.
Despite having stablepopulations in much of Europe, pine
martins face serious threats,particularly in England and Wales.
In the uk, pine martins areillegally protected under the Wildlife
and countryside acts of 1981.
(04:28):
This means it is illegal tointentionally kill, injure, or capture
them or to disturb them intheir dens.
Additionally, it's an offenseto damage, destroy, or obstruct access
to their dens.
Hunting and significanthabitat loss have led to a critically
endangered status for thesemammals in these regions.
(04:53):
Conservation efforts areessential to ensure their survival
and to maintain the ecologicalbalance within their native habitats.
Protected Species Barn OwlsBarn owls are captivating and ethereal
creatures, instantlyrecognizable by their distinct heart
(05:14):
shaped faces that seem to beamwith a serene wisdom.
Their feathers, dappled withsoft browns and tans, blend harmoniously
with rustic landscapes thatthey inhabit, while their strikingly
pristine white bellies glistenin the moonlight, creating a striking
contrast against a twilight sky.
(05:38):
These majestic birds flourishin serene rural environments where
the vast open expanses provideample opportunity opportunities for
them to hunt and forage.
And with their keen sense ofhearing and exceptional night vision,
barn owls glide silentlythrough the fields and meadows of
Britain, masterfully locatingtheir prey beneath the COVID of darkness.
(06:02):
When it comes to nesting, barnowls display remarkable adaptability.
They often take refuge inabandoned buildings, old barns and
and even tree cavities, makinguse of whatever shelter the landscape
offers.
In the uk, barn owls and allour species are granted robust legal
(06:23):
protection under the Wildlifeand countryside act of 1981.
Classified as a Schedule 1bird, this important legal status
ensures enhanced protectionfor these enchanting creatures and
includes safeguarding theirnests, eggs, and young from any harm,
reflective of the commitmentto preserve and respect their integral
(06:48):
role in our ecosystems.
Protected Species Frogs andToads Frogs and toads are fascinating
amphibians, as we will hear inthis week's A WILDLIFE Matter's main
feature.
While they may appear similarat first first glance, they have
distinct differences.
(07:10):
Frogs boast sleek, smooth skinthat maintains a moist appearance
even out of water, and theirlong legs make them exceptional jumpers.
In contrast, toads arecharacterized by their bumpy, warty
skin, stocky bodies, andshorter legs.
Both frogs and toads areferocious eaters, primarily consuming
(07:33):
insects and woodlice.
Frogs have a particularfondness for slugs and snails, while
toads prefer ants, making themexcellent allies in natural pest
control.
As amphibians, they rely onwater for survival and thrive in
moist environments, which iswhy they are Commonly found in and
(07:55):
around ponds and marshyregions of the country, they inhabit
nearly every continent exceptfor Antarctica.
Protected Species Bats Batshave long been unjustly maligned
thanks to folklore and fantasystories, but these nocturnal flying
mammals are genuinely fascinating.
(08:18):
Contrary to popular belief,bats are not blind.
They possess small eyes withsensitive vision, allowing them to
see clearly in complete darkness.
But it's with the help ofecholocation, also known as biosonar,
that bats can navigate theirsurroundings and hunt for food effectively
(08:40):
and efficiently.
There are over 1400 species ofbats around the world and they thrive
in a variety of habitats asthey feed, roost and travel throughout
the year.
Bats prefer quiet, dark spacesfor sleeping and breeding, which
often leads them to settle inattics and outbuildings.
(09:02):
It's important to note thatbats are protected by law.
Certain plants rely on batsfor pollination, and bats play a
crucial role in controllinginsect populations.
All species of bats in Britainare legally protected, meaning it
is illegal to take, injure oror destroy a wild bat or disturb
(09:24):
their roosts.
If you discover batsinhabiting your property, their roost
is legally protected, soplease make sure that all exit points
remain unblocked and seekadvice from Bat Conservation Trust
to handle the situation responsibly.
(09:45):
Protected species are greatfor Crested Newts Great crested newts
are fascinating amphibians that.
Like frogs and toads, thrivein proximity to water.
They can reach a length of 17.
Cm or 6.7 inches and areeasily recognizable due to their
unique skin characteristics.
(10:07):
These newts exhibit a darkcoloration with spotted flanks and
a vibrant orange belly.
Males display a long wavycrest along their bodies during the
breeding season, similar tothe texture of toads with their warty
skins.
While great crested newts areoften associated with ponds, they
(10:29):
also inhabit woodlands,hedgerows and marshes for significant
portions of the year.
It's important to note thatthey have specific water requirements
and do not take typicallyinhabit garden ponds in the UK and
Europe.
The great crested newt islegally protected due to its declining
population.
(10:50):
Factors such as habitatfragmentation, disease and climate
change and over developmentare leading contributors to their
diminishing numbers,highlighting the need for conservation
efforts protected specificallySpecies Badgers Badgers are robust,
(11:10):
short legged omnivores knownfor their striking black and white
striped faces and fluffytails, complemented by their distinctive
black bellies and paws.
As exceptional diggersequipped with strong claws, they
are primarily nocturnal creatures.
These fascinating animalscreate intricate homes at the taco
(11:33):
called sets, tunnels that theydig underground and they can be found
across most of Europe andNorth America While they typically
inhabit the edges of woodlandsand rural areas, badgers are adapting
to urban life due to habitatdevelopment and, in certain parts
of Britain, culling ofbadgers, often venturing into town
(11:57):
gardens in search of food.
This can occasionally resultin damage to lawns and flower beds.
However, they are generallyharmless to humans.
If you're facing issues withbadgers disturbing your garden, it's
important to understand thatthey are a protected species in the
uk Legally, you cannot bringharm to a badger, disturb them or
(12:20):
remove them, which includesdigging up their search sets or allowing
dogs to enter their sets.
Instead of confronting them directly.
Focus on deterring badgersfrom your garden by eliminating whatever
it is that attracting them,such as food sources or shelter.
The Badger Trust, the leadingorganization advocating for badgers
(12:43):
in England and Wales,encourages everyone to coexist harmoniously
with these remarkable creatures.
Badgers do play a vital rolein our ecosystem by dispersing seeds
through their dung andcreating essential habitats for amphibians,
plants and small mammals.
(13:03):
So embrace the opportunity tomake space for them.
After all, they do contributesignificantly to biodiversity, and
they have been native in theUK for over 250,000 years.
And that's longer than humanshave been here.
Protected Species Beetles didyou know that approximately one in
(13:27):
every five known species onEarth is a beetle?
Yeah.
That staggering statistichighlights just how diverse and numerous
these remarkable insects are,with more than 400,000 distinct species
documented worldwide.
Despite their abundance,beetles are often suffer from a negative
(13:48):
reputation, overshadowed bycommon misconceptions.
However, they play aninvaluable role in maintaining the
health of our planet.
In the UK and Europe, both thestag and rainbow leaf beetles are
legally protected due to theirsignificant ecological contributions.
Beetles are nature's recyclersof vital nutrients, or working tirelessly
(14:12):
to enhance soil fertility.
They contribute to theintricate web of life by acting as
crucial pollinators, aiding inthe reproduction of various plants.
And furthermore, they serve asnatural predators, keeping garden
species such as green fliesand snails in check and thereby maintaining
(14:33):
a delicate ecological balanceamong them.
Stag beetles stand out as thelargest beetle species in Britain.
Unfortunately, theirpopulations are dwindling across
much of the uk, making them arare sight.
These magnificent beetles aretypically found in woodlands, hedgerows,
orchards, parks and gardens, where.
(14:55):
They thrive in environmentsabundant with decaying.
Wood, which constitutes theirprimary food source.
Observing them in theirnatural habitat offers a glimpse
into the fascinating world of beetles.
Protected Species Dormice thedormouse is a charming and undeniably
(15:17):
adorable nocturnal rodent.
Native in Britain, Europe, andthroughout some of Africa and Asia.
They're known for theirimpressive hibernation capabilities,
as these small creatures canremain dormant for up to six months
and sometimes even longer ofthe year, and it's reflected in their
(15:37):
name.
They typically measure around6 centimeters or 2.4 inches to a
maximum of around 9centimeters, which is around 3 1/2
inches in length.
With their golden brown fur,large black eyes and long fluffy
tails, dormice have adistinctive appearance and they thrive
(15:58):
in woodlands and hedgerows,feasting on a varied diet of insects,
flowers, seeds and berries.
Although their petite size mayoccasionally lead them into homes,
they are harmless and pose nothreat at all.
Unfortunately, the hazeldormouse ranks as one of Britain's
rarest mammals, with itspopulation declining dramatically
(16:21):
by an estimated 52% since 1995.
The destruction of ancientwoodlands and hedgerows is a significant
factor in their decline.
As a result, dormice are nowprotected under UK and European law
and homeowners should activelycontribute to their conservation
(16:42):
by keeping good environments,and that means using hedging rather
than fencing wherever you can.
If your property is rich intrees and bordered by hedgerows,
refrain from excess excessive cutting.
Should a dormouse wander intoyour barn, garage or home, don't
attempt to handle it yourselfas a license is required.
(17:04):
The best approach is to allowthe doormouse to exit on its own,
or you must contact a licensedprofessional or assistant for further
help or research.
Please do contact the PTEs,which is the People's Trust for Endangered
Species Protected SpeciesGrasshoppers and Crickets Grasshoppers
(17:27):
and crickets thrive in sunnyor grassy areas including gardens
during the winter months.
These remarkable orthopteraninsects feature tube shaped bodies,
six long legs and frontantennae that are highly sensitive
to touch, smell and inparticular, species sound.
(17:49):
In the uk, several grasshopperand cricket species such as the field
cricket, mole cricket and thewarp biter grasshopper are protected
due to their crucial role as afood source for birds and other reptiles.
Their decline couldsignificantly disrupt entire ecosystems,
so it's essential to recognizetheir importance.
(18:13):
If you have grasshoppers orcrickets in your garden, it's best
to leave them undisturbed.
Please don't use any chemicalsor sprays as that is one of the ways
that absolutely destroy such awonderful insect and remove them
from our ecosystems and biodiversity.
Protected Species Foxes Foxesare found throughout Europe, Asia,
(18:37):
North Africa, Asia and most ofNorth America.
These intelligent andadaptable omnivores are easily recognized
by their upright triangularears, pointed snouts and long bushy
tails.
Foxes are harmless to humansand generally to other creatures.
But during mating season inJanuary, they can display more adventurous
(19:00):
behaviors as they.
Seek out dens for raisingtheir young.
In Britain, foxes arepartially protected, ensuring their
welfare and safety.
It is illegal to poison themand they are protected under the
Wildlife and Countryside Act.
Additionally, any form ofabuse or mistreatment.
Is prohibited by the WildMammals Protection act of 1996.
(19:26):
If a fox has established aburrow in your garden, you should
wait until late summer whenthe cubs have left the den before
considering any future deterrence.
Protected SPECIES Moles Molesare undeniably charming and truly
unique creatures.
These small mammals primarilylive underground in intricate burrows
(19:50):
which they expertly create with.
Their powerful forelimbs andlarge paws.
With their velvety fur andsubtle eyes.
And ears, moles arefascinating animals that scientists
believe they could be bothcolorblind and nearsighted.
You can find moles in much ofEurope, North America and Asia where
(20:10):
they establish their homes infields, woodlands and sometimes in
gardens.
Although moles are oftenmistakenly seen as pests due to their
burrowing habits which candamage lawns, they play an essential
role in ecosystems by aeratingthe soil soil and controlling other
garden so called pests such as slugs.
(20:32):
In Britain, moles areprotected from cruelty under the
Wild Mammals Protection act of 1996.
When trapped or captured, theyare also covered by the Animal Welfare
act of 2006.
While humane traps areavailable, it's advisable to seek
expert advice to handle anysituations involving these remarkable
(20:53):
animals responsibly.
I do hope you've enjoyed ourlook at some of the wild animals
that are protected specieshere in the UK on this week's Wildlife
Matters Nature News.
And if you share our concerns that.
The new planning andinfrastructure bill will weaken protection
(21:13):
for wildlife and nature, thenplease do get in touch with your
mp.
Thank you.
(21:37):
We do hope you've enjoyed ourexploration of some of Britain's
most loved and protectedwildlife species which face the risk.
Of losing their protectionprotection if developers.
Choose to build on theirhabitats and foraging grounds, it's
possible to develop homes forpeople without destroying habitat
(21:59):
of wildlife.
There is a better way tohandle development and if you agree,
we encourage you to write toyour MP and ask them to advocate
for protected wildlife and nature.
Recently I spent a few days inSouth Wales immersing myself in the
beautiful landscape andwildlife of the Gwent levels.
(22:22):
Picture yourself on the shoresof a lake as the waters lap against
that.
Shore, accompanied by a fulldawn chorus in the background and
join me for.
This week's Wildlife Matters.
Mindful bones.
(24:03):
Well, I hope you found thatrhythmic sound of the water lapping
against the.
Shore of the lake asmeditative as I did.
As the sun heralded thebeginning of.
Another beautiful warm springday, I bathed in the calm waters
of the lake.
With no one else around.
It was a remarkable, memorableexperience and a wonderful way to
(24:28):
start the day.
One native animal I didn't seeat the lake was the enigmatic common
frog, and sadly, not so commontoday here in the uk.
However, it is the star of this.
Week'S main feature on theWildlife Matters podcast, which is
(24:48):
coming up next.
Hello and welcome to thisweek's Wildlife Matters, a main feature.
And today we're talking aboutthe common frog.
(25:12):
Once a familiar presenceacross the verdant landscapes of
the uk, but it now.
Faces a grave threat to itsvery survival.
This decline is attributedmainly to the.
Relentless loss of its naturalhabitat, driven by urban development,
development, dwindling pondpopulations, inadequate habitat management
(25:34):
and the spread of disease.
Despite these pressingchallenges, garden ponds have emerged
as crucial sanctuaries forcommon frogs.
Especially in suburban areas,creating a haven.
For these charming amphibians.
As the gentle warmth of spring begins.
To thaw the chill air of winter.
(25:55):
You may spot glisteningfrogspawn nestled in your garden
pond, heralding the return ofadult frogs.
In southern parts of the uk,it's not uncommon to find these spawn
clusters as early as Januaryor February.
Common frogs typically reachmaturity and are.
(26:17):
Ready to breed by two to three.
Years of age, embarking on ajourney to the nearest pond.
Once there, male frogs willserenade the night with a soft, resonant,
purring sound to allure theirfuture mate.
If you hear these melodiccalls echoing.
Near your garden pond, it's adelightful indication that the common
(26:40):
frogs are nearby.
Upon locating a compatiblepartner, the male frog employs the
swollen nuptial pads on hisfront legs to clasp the female in
a tender mating embrace that'sknown as an amplexus.
The eggs, which areaffectionately known as spawn, are
deposited in the shallows,where they'll lie encased in a translucent
(27:04):
jelly that is composed of over99% water.
A single clump of spawn cancontain nearly 2,000 eggs, and that's
a real testament to the frog'sprolific reproduction capacity.
Within two to four weeks, theyoung tadpoles will emerge, adapting
(27:26):
to their vibrant new aquatic world.
These tadpoles aredistinguishable by their delicate.
Golden brown speckles, whichset them apart from the deep black
tadpoles of common toads, andthey begin their transformation during.
Metamorphosis, they initiallydevelop their back legs.
(27:46):
Followed by their front legs,relying on a diet that is rich in
algae and tiny water fleas to flourish.
By June or early July, thetadpoles are often fully mature,
absorbing their tails andready to transition into the terrestrial
realm as tiny froglets.
(28:07):
Adult female common frogs cangrow to an impressive 15cm in length,
while their male counterpartsare typically smaller, around 10
centimeters.
Their skin is smooth.
It's moist olive green orbrown canvas, often adorned with
dark patches behind theireyes, which are known colloquially
(28:29):
as their mask.
However, common frogs exhibita stunning variety.
Of hues, including shades ofyellow, orange, red and even blue.
Their backs are oftenembellished with spots or irregular
markings, while their hindlegs may boost a striking darker
striping.
(28:49):
In their first leap intoadulthood, frogs.
And newly transformed frogletscan venture hundreds of meters away
from their aquatic habitat.
Remarkably, they don't consumewater in the traditional sense.
Instead, they absorb hydrationthrough their permeable.
Skin, necessitating proximityto water sources.
(29:11):
As autumn approaches, adultfrogs and froglets prepare for hibernation.
Feasting on a diet that isrich in invertebrates, including
insects, worms, slugs andsnails, they'll employ a unique feature
feeding mechanism.
They use their eyes to swallowfood by retracting them into their
(29:33):
heads to aid in pushing mealsdown their throats.
As daylight wanes and theshadows lengthen, common frogs seek
refuge under rocks.
They may nestle in compostheaps or resting at the bottom of
garden ponds.
They'll enter a state ofpartial hibernation.
They're not fully dormant, butinstead take.
(29:56):
Advantage of mild weathercells to emerge and forage in search
of sustenance.
Scientific studies have shedlight on the fascinating personalities
of common frogs, revealingdistinct behavioral patterns shaped
by their environments.
Frogs inhibiting islands orisolated communities often display
(30:18):
more outgoing and boldcharacteristics, which is a fascinating
reflection of their surroundings.
And frogs are deeply woveninto the.
Fabric of British folklore.
In some regions, the rhythmiccroaking of a frog at midnight signals
the onset of rain, while inothers, daytime croaking heralds
(30:41):
approaching storms.
An intriguing tale from the15th century suggests that wearing
a dried frog in a pouch aroundone's neck could ward off epileptic
seizures.
And live frogs are oftenfeatured in folk remedies.
With beliefs that placing alive frog in one's mouth could cure
thrush and swallowing, theseamphibians may alleviate the conditions
(31:06):
of whooping cough and tuberculosis.
However, these old medicaltales are often misguided.
Cultural perceptions of frogsvary widely.
In some traditions, a frogentering the home is considered a
harbinger of the good fortune,while in others it may symbolize
(31:26):
bad luck, as frogs aresometimes associated with spells
and curses.
Notably, a common threadexists across many cultures the belief
that harming a frog is an ill omen.
The law surrounding witchesand potions from.
Childhood stories featuringcomponents like the eye, toe or leg
(31:48):
of a frog refers not to actualfrogs but to a toxic plant from the
buttercup family, often knownas frog's foot.
In recognition of theirdwindling populations, common frogs
and their spawn are legallyprotected from trade and sale in
Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
(32:10):
This safeguard is vital fortheir survival and a reassuring step
towards conservation efforts.
These remarkable creaturescaptivate our imagination, and addressing
the myriad of misconceptionssurrounding them is crucial.
Thank you for joining us onour Wildlife Matters main feature
(32:32):
on native amphibians, where westarted with the common frog.
In future episodes we will be looking.
At the native toad andenchanting newts of Great Britain,
so don't forget to subscribeand share wherever you see the Wildlife
Matters podcast.
(33:05):
For too many of us, perhapsthe only time we think of frogs is
when we see their spawn inlate winter and early spring.
But as a child, I wasfascinated not only by the spawn,
but also by the taboo as theywent through their various stages
and later by the tiny frogletsas they left the ponds in the area
(33:26):
we affectionately called the swamp.
It was a wet and untamedlandscape that provided my friends
and I with endless adventuresas children.
In our next episode of theWildlife Matters podcast, we will
spend a night with wildbeavers in the west country, and
(33:46):
that is one episode you will.
Not want to miss.
We genuinely appreciatehearing from more of.
You and thank you for yourfeedback and comments about the podcast.
You may have noticed that wehave turned down the background music
in our features, and we hopethat this improves the listening
(34:07):
experience for those who foundit difficult distracting.
However, for a fully immersiveexperience, we recommend always listening
to the Wildlife Matterspodcast through headphones, or at
least whenever possible.
As always, thank you fortaking the time to join us today.
(34:28):
We hope you have foundsomething new or inspiring in today's
features and wildlife.
Wildlife Matters will returnin two weeks, but until then, stay
curious wild ones.
This is Wildlife Matterssigning off.
Hello and welcome to thisweek's Wildlife Matters Podcast podcast.
The spring of 2025 isconsidered to be one of the warmest
on record for the UK, withboth March and April experiencing
record breaking temperatures.
March 2025 was the warmest onrecord for Europe and the second
(00:46):
warmest globally.
The UK's mean temperature forApril was.
Also notably high, making itthe third warmest April 2nd since
records began.
So while we enjoy thesunshine, let's take a moment to
consider the wildlife.
That shares our world and ourgardens with us.
To help support wildlifeduring warm weather, please provide
(01:10):
water sources, create shaded areas.
And avoid cutting back plantsand shrubs in your gardens.
Offering shallow dishes ofwater, placing them in shaded spots
spots and ensuring they.
Are cleaned regularly willhelp animals to stay hydrated.
And on today's episode of theWildlife Matters podcast, we will
(01:31):
feature one of the mostincredible amphibians that is native
to the uk, the remarkablecommon frog.
Join me by a lake at dawn.
On the Gwent levels for sometime in Nature in this week's Wildlife
Matters Mindful moments.
And we're also going to be trying.
(01:52):
Something new in this week'sWildlife Matters and Nature News.
As the government's newplanning and infrastructure bill
moves through Parliament,which could mean the end of many
protections for wildlife.
And nature to allow for more development.
We will take a look at some ofthe fantastic wildlife that is currently
(02:13):
protected protected under lawin the uk that is coming up next
on this week's WildlifeMatters Nature News.
(02:40):
Hello and welcome to thisweek's Wildlife Matters Nature News,
where we have something.
A little different for you today.
With the proposed planning andinfrastructure bill currently being
discussed by the Britishgovernment, we're going to take a
look at some of the wildlifespecies that are currently protected
in Britain, which may bechanged to allow for the development
(03:04):
of more homes for people whowill be displacing our wildlife.
This is from an article thatWildlife Matters is about to publish.
The first species to look atis the pine marting.
Now, the pine marting is a charming.
And agile member of themustelid family, which includes other
(03:25):
animals such as weasels,badgers and otters.
These carnivorous mammalsoccupy a wide range of habitats throughout
most of Europe and parts ofthe Middle East.
They are noted for their keensense of sight, smell and hearing,
making them exceptional hunters.
(03:46):
Pine martins are easilyrecognizable by their distinctive
coats, which range in colorfrom light to dark brown and are
complemented by a cream oryellow bib on their throats.
While these animals typicallyfavor woodland environments, they
are adaptable, and they cansurvive in more open spaces as long
(04:08):
as sufficient tree cover isavailable for shelter.
Despite having stablepopulations in much of Europe, pine
martins face serious threats,particularly in England and Wales.
In the uk, pine martins areillegally protected under the Wildlife
and countryside acts of 1981.
(04:28):
This means it is illegal tointentionally kill, injure, or capture
them or to disturb them intheir dens.
Additionally, it's an offenseto damage, destroy, or obstruct access
to their dens.
Hunting and significanthabitat loss have led to a critically
endangered status for thesemammals in these regions.
(04:53):
Conservation efforts areessential to ensure their survival
and to maintain the ecologicalbalance within their native habitats.
Protected Species Barn OwlsBarn owls are captivating and ethereal
creatures, instantlyrecognizable by their distinct heart
(05:14):
shaped faces that seem to beamwith a serene wisdom.
Their feathers, dappled withsoft browns and tans, blend harmoniously
with rustic landscapes thatthey inhabit, while their strikingly
pristine white bellies glistenin the moonlight, creating a striking
contrast against a twilight sky.
(05:38):
These majestic birds flourishin serene rural environments where
the vast open expanses provideample opportunity opportunities for
them to hunt and forage.
And with their keen sense ofhearing and exceptional night vision,
barn owls glide silentlythrough the fields and meadows of
Britain, masterfully locatingtheir prey beneath the COVID of darkness.
(06:02):
When it comes to nesting, barnowls display remarkable adaptability.
They often take refuge inabandoned buildings, old barns and
and even tree cavities, makinguse of whatever shelter the landscape
offers.
In the uk, barn owls and allour species are granted robust legal
(06:23):
protection under the Wildlifeand countryside act of 1981.
Classified as a Schedule 1bird, this important legal status
ensures enhanced protectionfor these enchanting creatures and
includes safeguarding theirnests, eggs, and young from any harm,
reflective of the commitmentto preserve and respect their integral
(06:48):
role in our ecosystems.
Protected Species Frogs andToads Frogs and toads are fascinating
amphibians, as we will hear inthis week's A WILDLIFE Matter's main
feature.
While they may appear similarat first first glance, they have
distinct differences.
(07:10):
Frogs boast sleek, smooth skinthat maintains a moist appearance
even out of water, and theirlong legs make them exceptional jumpers.
In contrast, toads arecharacterized by their bumpy, warty
skin, stocky bodies, andshorter legs.
Both frogs and toads areferocious eaters, primarily consuming
(07:33):
insects and woodlice.
Frogs have a particularfondness for slugs and snails, while
toads prefer ants, making themexcellent allies in natural pest
control.
As amphibians, they rely onwater for survival and thrive in
moist environments, which iswhy they are Commonly found in and
(07:55):
around ponds and marshyregions of the country, they inhabit
nearly every continent exceptfor Antarctica.
Protected Species Bats Batshave long been unjustly maligned
thanks to folklore and fantasystories, but these nocturnal flying
mammals are genuinely fascinating.
(08:18):
Contrary to popular belief,bats are not blind.
They possess small eyes withsensitive vision, allowing them to
see clearly in complete darkness.
But it's with the help ofecholocation, also known as biosonar,
that bats can navigate theirsurroundings and hunt for food effectively
(08:40):
and efficiently.
There are over 1400 species ofbats around the world and they thrive
in a variety of habitats asthey feed, roost and travel throughout
the year.
Bats prefer quiet, dark spacesfor sleeping and breeding, which
often leads them to settle inattics and outbuildings.
(09:02):
It's important to note thatbats are protected by law.
Certain plants rely on batsfor pollination, and bats play a
crucial role in controllinginsect populations.
All species of bats in Britainare legally protected, meaning it
is illegal to take, injure oror destroy a wild bat or disturb
(09:24):
their roosts.
If you discover batsinhabiting your property, their roost
is legally protected, soplease make sure that all exit points
remain unblocked and seekadvice from Bat Conservation Trust
to handle the situation responsibly.
(09:45):
Protected species are greatfor Crested Newts Great crested newts
are fascinating amphibians that.
Like frogs and toads, thrivein proximity to water.
They can reach a length of 17.
Cm or 6.7 inches and areeasily recognizable due to their
unique skin characteristics.
(10:07):
These newts exhibit a darkcoloration with spotted flanks and
a vibrant orange belly.
Males display a long wavycrest along their bodies during the
breeding season, similar tothe texture of toads with their warty
skins.
While great crested newts areoften associated with ponds, they
(10:29):
also inhabit woodlands,hedgerows and marshes for significant
portions of the year.
It's important to note thatthey have specific water requirements
and do not take typicallyinhabit garden ponds in the UK and
Europe.
The great crested newt islegally protected due to its declining
population.
(10:50):
Factors such as habitatfragmentation, disease and climate
change and over developmentare leading contributors to their
diminishing numbers,highlighting the need for conservation
efforts protected specificallySpecies Badgers Badgers are robust,
(11:10):
short legged omnivores knownfor their striking black and white
striped faces and fluffytails, complemented by their distinctive
black bellies and paws.
As exceptional diggersequipped with strong claws, they
are primarily nocturnal creatures.
These fascinating animalscreate intricate homes at the taco
(11:33):
called sets, tunnels that theydig underground and they can be found
across most of Europe andNorth America While they typically
inhabit the edges of woodlandsand rural areas, badgers are adapting
to urban life due to habitatdevelopment and, in certain parts
of Britain, culling ofbadgers, often venturing into town
(11:57):
gardens in search of food.
This can occasionally resultin damage to lawns and flower beds.
However, they are generallyharmless to humans.
If you're facing issues withbadgers disturbing your garden, it's
important to understand thatthey are a protected species in the
uk Legally, you cannot bringharm to a badger, disturb them or
(12:20):
remove them, which includesdigging up their search sets or allowing
dogs to enter their sets.
Instead of confronting them directly.
Focus on deterring badgersfrom your garden by eliminating whatever
it is that attracting them,such as food sources or shelter.
The Badger Trust, the leadingorganization advocating for badgers
(12:43):
in England and Wales,encourages everyone to coexist harmoniously
with these remarkable creatures.
Badgers do play a vital rolein our ecosystem by dispersing seeds
through their dung andcreating essential habitats for amphibians,
plants and small mammals.
(13:03):
So embrace the opportunity tomake space for them.
After all, they do contributesignificantly to biodiversity, and
they have been native in theUK for over 250,000 years.
And that's longer than humanshave been here.
Protected Species Beetles didyou know that approximately one in
(13:27):
every five known species onEarth is a beetle?
Yeah.
That staggering statistichighlights just how diverse and numerous
these remarkable insects are,with more than 400,000 distinct species
documented worldwide.
Despite their abundance,beetles are often suffer from a negative
(13:48):
reputation, overshadowed bycommon misconceptions.
However, they play aninvaluable role in maintaining the
health of our planet.
In the UK and Europe, both thestag and rainbow leaf beetles are
legally protected due to theirsignificant ecological contributions.
Beetles are nature's recyclersof vital nutrients, or working tirelessly
(14:12):
to enhance soil fertility.
They contribute to theintricate web of life by acting as
crucial pollinators, aiding inthe reproduction of various plants.
And furthermore, they serve asnatural predators, keeping garden
species such as green fliesand snails in check and thereby maintaining
(14:33):
a delicate ecological balanceamong them.
Stag beetles stand out as thelargest beetle species in Britain.
Unfortunately, theirpopulations are dwindling across
much of the uk, making them arare sight.
These magnificent beetles aretypically found in woodlands, hedgerows,
orchards, parks and gardens, where.
(14:55):
They thrive in environmentsabundant with decaying.
Wood, which constitutes theirprimary food source.
Observing them in theirnatural habitat offers a glimpse
into the fascinating world of beetles.
Protected Species Dormice thedormouse is a charming and undeniably
(15:17):
adorable nocturnal rodent.
Native in Britain, Europe, andthroughout some of Africa and Asia.
They're known for theirimpressive hibernation capabilities,
as these small creatures canremain dormant for up to six months
and sometimes even longer ofthe year, and it's reflected in their
(15:37):
name.
They typically measure around6 centimeters or 2.4 inches to a
maximum of around 9centimeters, which is around 3 1/2
inches in length.
With their golden brown fur,large black eyes and long fluffy
tails, dormice have adistinctive appearance and they thrive
(15:58):
in woodlands and hedgerows,feasting on a varied diet of insects,
flowers, seeds and berries.
Although their petite size mayoccasionally lead them into homes,
they are harmless and pose nothreat at all.
Unfortunately, the hazeldormouse ranks as one of Britain's
rarest mammals, with itspopulation declining dramatically
(16:21):
by an estimated 52% since 1995.
The destruction of ancientwoodlands and hedgerows is a significant
factor in their decline.
As a result, dormice are nowprotected under UK and European law
and homeowners should activelycontribute to their conservation
(16:42):
by keeping good environments,and that means using hedging rather
than fencing wherever you can.
If your property is rich intrees and bordered by hedgerows,
refrain from excess excessive cutting.
Should a dormouse wander intoyour barn, garage or home, don't
attempt to handle it yourselfas a license is required.
(17:04):
The best approach is to allowthe doormouse to exit on its own,
or you must contact a licensedprofessional or assistant for further
help or research.
Please do contact the PTEs,which is the People's Trust for Endangered
Species Protected SpeciesGrasshoppers and Crickets Grasshoppers
(17:27):
and crickets thrive in sunnyor grassy areas including gardens
during the winter months.
These remarkable orthopteraninsects feature tube shaped bodies,
six long legs and frontantennae that are highly sensitive
to touch, smell and inparticular, species sound.
(17:49):
In the uk, several grasshopperand cricket species such as the field
cricket, mole cricket and thewarp biter grasshopper are protected
due to their crucial role as afood source for birds and other reptiles.
Their decline couldsignificantly disrupt entire ecosystems,
so it's essential to recognizetheir importance.
(18:13):
If you have grasshoppers orcrickets in your garden, it's best
to leave them undisturbed.
Please don't use any chemicalsor sprays as that is one of the ways
that absolutely destroy such awonderful insect and remove them
from our ecosystems and biodiversity.
Protected Species Foxes Foxesare found throughout Europe, Asia,
(18:37):
North Africa, Asia and most ofNorth America.
These intelligent andadaptable omnivores are easily recognized
by their upright triangularears, pointed snouts and long bushy
tails.
Foxes are harmless to humansand generally to other creatures.
But during mating season inJanuary, they can display more adventurous
(19:00):
behaviors as they.
Seek out dens for raisingtheir young.
In Britain, foxes arepartially protected, ensuring their
welfare and safety.
It is illegal to poison themand they are protected under the
Wildlife and Countryside Act.
Additionally, any form ofabuse or mistreatment.
Is prohibited by the WildMammals Protection act of 1996.
(19:26):
If a fox has established aburrow in your garden, you should
wait until late summer whenthe cubs have left the den before
considering any future deterrence.
Protected SPECIES Moles Molesare undeniably charming and truly
unique creatures.
These small mammals primarilylive underground in intricate burrows
(19:50):
which they expertly create with.
Their powerful forelimbs andlarge paws.
With their velvety fur andsubtle eyes.
And ears, moles arefascinating animals that scientists
believe they could be bothcolorblind and nearsighted.
You can find moles in much ofEurope, North America and Asia where
(20:10):
they establish their homes infields, woodlands and sometimes in
gardens.
Although moles are oftenmistakenly seen as pests due to their
burrowing habits which candamage lawns, they play an essential
role in ecosystems by aeratingthe soil soil and controlling other
garden so called pests such as slugs.
(20:32):
In Britain, moles areprotected from cruelty under the
Wild Mammals Protection act of 1996.
When trapped or captured, theyare also covered by the Animal Welfare
act of 2006.
While humane traps areavailable, it's advisable to seek
expert advice to handle anysituations involving these remarkable
(20:53):
animals responsibly.
I do hope you've enjoyed ourlook at some of the wild animals
that are protected specieshere in the UK on this week's Wildlife
Matters Nature News.
And if you share our concerns that.
The new planning andinfrastructure bill will weaken protection
(21:13):
for wildlife and nature, thenplease do get in touch with your
mp.
Thank you.
(21:37):
We do hope you've enjoyed ourexploration of some of Britain's
most loved and protectedwildlife species which face the risk.
Of losing their protectionprotection if developers.
Choose to build on theirhabitats and foraging grounds, it's
possible to develop homes forpeople without destroying habitat
(21:59):
of wildlife.
There is a better way tohandle development and if you agree,
we encourage you to write toyour MP and ask them to advocate
for protected wildlife and nature.
Recently I spent a few days inSouth Wales immersing myself in the
beautiful landscape andwildlife of the Gwent levels.
(22:22):
Picture yourself on the shoresof a lake as the waters lap against
that.
Shore, accompanied by a fulldawn chorus in the background and
join me for.
This week's Wildlife Matters.
Mindful bones.
(24:03):
Well, I hope you found thatrhythmic sound of the water lapping
against the.
Shore of the lake asmeditative as I did.
As the sun heralded thebeginning of.
Another beautiful warm springday, I bathed in the calm waters
of the lake.
With no one else around.
It was a remarkable, memorableexperience and a wonderful way to
(24:28):
start the day.
One native animal I didn't seeat the lake was the enigmatic common
frog, and sadly, not so commontoday here in the uk.
However, it is the star of this.
Week'S main feature on theWildlife Matters podcast, which is
(24:48):
coming up next.
Hello and welcome to thisweek's Wildlife Matters, a main feature.
And today we're talking aboutthe common frog.
(25:12):
Once a familiar presenceacross the verdant landscapes of
the uk, but it now.
Faces a grave threat to itsvery survival.
This decline is attributedmainly to the.
Relentless loss of its naturalhabitat, driven by urban development,
development, dwindling pondpopulations, inadequate habitat management
(25:34):
and the spread of disease.
Despite these pressingchallenges, garden ponds have emerged
as crucial sanctuaries forcommon frogs.
Especially in suburban areas,creating a haven.
For these charming amphibians.
As the gentle warmth of spring begins.
To thaw the chill air of winter.
(25:55):
You may spot glisteningfrogspawn nestled in your garden
pond, heralding the return ofadult frogs.
In southern parts of the uk,it's not uncommon to find these spawn
clusters as early as Januaryor February.
Common frogs typically reachmaturity and are.
(26:17):
Ready to breed by two to three.
Years of age, embarking on ajourney to the nearest pond.
Once there, male frogs willserenade the night with a soft, resonant,
purring sound to allure theirfuture mate.
If you hear these melodiccalls echoing.
Near your garden pond, it's adelightful indication that the common
(26:40):
frogs are nearby.
Upon locating a compatiblepartner, the male frog employs the
swollen nuptial pads on hisfront legs to clasp the female in
a tender mating embrace that'sknown as an amplexus.
The eggs, which areaffectionately known as spawn, are
deposited in the shallows,where they'll lie encased in a translucent
(27:04):
jelly that is composed of over99% water.
A single clump of spawn cancontain nearly 2,000 eggs, and that's
a real testament to the frog'sprolific reproduction capacity.
Within two to four weeks, theyoung tadpoles will emerge, adapting
(27:26):
to their vibrant new aquatic world.
These tadpoles aredistinguishable by their delicate.
Golden brown speckles, whichset them apart from the deep black
tadpoles of common toads, andthey begin their transformation during.
Metamorphosis, they initiallydevelop their back legs.
(27:46):
Followed by their front legs,relying on a diet that is rich in
algae and tiny water fleas to flourish.
By June or early July, thetadpoles are often fully mature,
absorbing their tails andready to transition into the terrestrial
realm as tiny froglets.
(28:07):
Adult female common frogs cangrow to an impressive 15cm in length,
while their male counterpartsare typically smaller, around 10
centimeters.
Their skin is smooth.
It's moist olive green orbrown canvas, often adorned with
dark patches behind theireyes, which are known colloquially
(28:29):
as their mask.
However, common frogs exhibita stunning variety.
Of hues, including shades ofyellow, orange, red and even blue.
Their backs are oftenembellished with spots or irregular
markings, while their hindlegs may boost a striking darker
striping.
(28:49):
In their first leap intoadulthood, frogs.
And newly transformed frogletscan venture hundreds of meters away
from their aquatic habitat.
Remarkably, they don't consumewater in the traditional sense.
Instead, they absorb hydrationthrough their permeable.
Skin, necessitating proximityto water sources.
(29:11):
As autumn approaches, adultfrogs and froglets prepare for hibernation.
Feasting on a diet that isrich in invertebrates, including
insects, worms, slugs andsnails, they'll employ a unique feature
feeding mechanism.
They use their eyes to swallowfood by retracting them into their
(29:33):
heads to aid in pushing mealsdown their throats.
As daylight wanes and theshadows lengthen, common frogs seek
refuge under rocks.
They may nestle in compostheaps or resting at the bottom of
garden ponds.
They'll enter a state ofpartial hibernation.
They're not fully dormant, butinstead take.
(29:56):
Advantage of mild weathercells to emerge and forage in search
of sustenance.
Scientific studies have shedlight on the fascinating personalities
of common frogs, revealingdistinct behavioral patterns shaped
by their environments.
Frogs inhibiting islands orisolated communities often display
(30:18):
more outgoing and boldcharacteristics, which is a fascinating
reflection of their surroundings.
And frogs are deeply woveninto the.
Fabric of British folklore.
In some regions, the rhythmiccroaking of a frog at midnight signals
the onset of rain, while inothers, daytime croaking heralds
(30:41):
approaching storms.
An intriguing tale from the15th century suggests that wearing
a dried frog in a pouch aroundone's neck could ward off epileptic
seizures.
And live frogs are oftenfeatured in folk remedies.
With beliefs that placing alive frog in one's mouth could cure
thrush and swallowing, theseamphibians may alleviate the conditions
(31:06):
of whooping cough and tuberculosis.
However, these old medicaltales are often misguided.
Cultural perceptions of frogsvary widely.
In some traditions, a frogentering the home is considered a
harbinger of the good fortune,while in others it may symbolize
(31:26):
bad luck, as frogs aresometimes associated with spells
and curses.
Notably, a common threadexists across many cultures the belief
that harming a frog is an ill omen.
The law surrounding witchesand potions from.
Childhood stories featuringcomponents like the eye, toe or leg
(31:48):
of a frog refers not to actualfrogs but to a toxic plant from the
buttercup family, often knownas frog's foot.
In recognition of theirdwindling populations, common frogs
and their spawn are legallyprotected from trade and sale in
Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
(32:10):
This safeguard is vital fortheir survival and a reassuring step
towards conservation efforts.
These remarkable creaturescaptivate our imagination, and addressing
the myriad of misconceptionssurrounding them is crucial.
Thank you for joining us onour Wildlife Matters main feature
(32:32):
on native amphibians, where westarted with the common frog.
In future episodes we will be looking.
At the native toad andenchanting newts of Great Britain,
so don't forget to subscribeand share wherever you see the Wildlife
Matters podcast.
(33:05):
For too many of us, perhapsthe only time we think of frogs is
when we see their spawn inlate winter and early spring.
But as a child, I wasfascinated not only by the spawn,
but also by the taboo as theywent through their various stages
and later by the tiny frogletsas they left the ponds in the area
(33:26):
we affectionately called the swamp.
It was a wet and untamedlandscape that provided my friends
and I with endless adventuresas children.
In our next episode of theWildlife Matters podcast, we will
spend a night with wildbeavers in the west country, and
(33:46):
that is one episode you will.
Not want to miss.
We genuinely appreciatehearing from more of.
You and thank you for yourfeedback and comments about the podcast.
You may have noticed that wehave turned down the background music
in our features, and we hopethat this improves the listening
(34:07):
experience for those who foundit difficult distracting.
However, for a fully immersiveexperience, we recommend always listening
to the Wildlife Matterspodcast through headphones, or at
least whenever possible.
As always, thank you fortaking the time to join us today.
(34:28):
We hope you have foundsomething new or inspiring in today's
features and wildlife.
Wildlife Matters will returnin two weeks, but until then, stay
curious wild ones.
This is Wildlife Matterssigning off.
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