本文通过印度、尼泊尔、菲律宾、印尼、马来西亚、巴基斯坦、斯里兰卡与缅甸的案例，归纳出亚洲民主与联邦主义的四种关系模式：民主与联邦的契合与张力、民主化下的准联邦化、威权型联邦主义及失败的联邦主义。研究发现，亚洲经验既有制度创新，也有失败与逆转，挑战了西方学界关于二者天然互补的假设。文章进一步提出中国必须警惕多数主义和族群化联邦的双重陷阱，尤其是 “ 汉族主导型民主 ” 的风险；威权联邦主义虽脆弱，但可能成为过渡性路径。最后，作者强调发展嵌入联邦体制的审议民主，以缓和冲突、提升合法性，作为中国未来处理多样性与民族事务的借鉴。
点击下载全文或《中国民主季刊》2025年第四季完整版：https://chinademocrats.org/?p=5902
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