April 2, 2024 • 14 mins
Por sorprendente que parezca, existe una estrecha relación entre nuestra salud mental y física y las bacterias que pueblan nuestro intestino. Especialmente, nuestras emociones están vinculadas a la microbiota, un conjunto de «microbios buenos» de nuestro cuerpo que se aloja mayoritariamente en el intestino y que estimula la secreción de sustancias bioquímicas favorecedoras del buen estado de ánimo, como la serotonina o la dopamina, además de prevenir enfermedades y fortalecer el sistema inmunitario. Nuestro cuerpo está pobla- do de miles de millones microorganismos. Se trata, concretamente, de bacterias que se encuentran en diferentes partes de nuestro organismo y desempeñan funciones diversas, aunque todas ellas de vital importancia para el equilibrio de nuestra mente y de nuestro cuerpo. Especialmente relevantes son las bacterias de un tipo: las que conforman la microbiota intestinal. Utiliza el código CIENCIADIGITAL y obtén tu descuento en Muy Interesante, sigue con este link https://bit.ly/3TYwx9a Déjanos tu comentario en Ivoox o Spotify, o escríbenos a podcast@zinetmedia.es ¿Nos ayudas? Comparte nuestro contenido en redes sociales . Texto: Henar López Senovilla Dirección, locución y producción: Iván Patxi Gómez Gallego @ivanpatxi Contacto de publicidad en podcast: podcast@zinetmedia.es
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Transcript
Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
(00:00):
Hey, how about, how areyou? I' m van Patcci,
the person who usually accompanies you here. Before starting with today' s podcast,
I want to recommend the podcast whatconcerns us, which is done from
Argal and which are podcasts with conversationsto publicize initiatives related to sustainability, research
and social commitment, conversations and dialogueswith recognized people and personal experiences. Also
(00:25):
where they will talk in upcoming episodesabout keys to overcoming anxiety or how to
maintain motivation in our projects, aswell as facing the challenges and opportunities it
offers us. The current world looksfor what worries us in your favorite podcast
app and now we do start withtoday' s episode. Surprising as it
(00:57):
may seem. There is a closerelationship between our mental and physical health and
the bacteria that populate our intestine.Especially our emotions are linked to the microbiota,
a set of good microbes of ourbody that is lodged mostly in the
intestine and that stimulates the secretion ofbiochemical substances that favor good mood, such
(01:18):
as serotonin or dopamine. In additionto preventing diseases and strengthening the immune system.
The podcasts of very interesting, greatreports of very interesting presents microbiota and
(01:44):
mental health. A text by narLópez seeno Villa. Our body is populated
(02:07):
with billions of microorganisms. These arespecifically bacteria that are found in different parts
of our body and perform diverse functions, although all of them of vital importance
to the balance of our mind andbody. Particularly relevant are bacteria of one
type that make up the intestinal microbiota. The word microbiota refers to the set
(02:32):
of good bacteria for our body thatcoexist in symbiosis with us. One could
say that our body is the worldin which they live and, in turn,
we cannot live without them. Thebacteria that make up the human microbiota
are distributed in specific locations, suchas the digestive tract, urogenital tract,
(02:57):
skin or the conjunctiva of the eyes. The set of bacteria we find in
each location is different and is relatedto the role it plays explains Natalia Sánchez,
PhD in Biotechnology from the Autonomous Universityof Barcelona, awarded by the program
Lo Real Unescofford Wimen in Science twothousand twenty- two. Of all these
(03:19):
bacterial populations, the most studied isthe intestinal microbiota, which is the one
with the highest variability and number ofbacteria species and one of the most prominent
for human health. Go on.The doctor agrees to highlight the importance of
intestinal microbiota. Dr María Dolores dela Puerta, one of the greatest experts
in the field and author of thebook A Happy Intestinal Like Microbiota improves your
(03:43):
mental health and helps you manage emotions. The intestine is the part of the
body that houses the greatest amount anddiversity of good microbes with which we live
healthyly are mostly bacteria, although inits healthy intestine we also have fungi,
virus yeasts, phagus, protophos,archeas, etc. The activity and balance
of these good bacteria of the intestine, which make up the so- called
(04:08):
intestinal microbiota, are determinants to maintainhealth not only digestive, but also neuropsychological.
Why, for two reasons, becauseof the relationship between the brain and
the intestine and because of the moleculesgenerated by the intestinal microbiota that directly influence
our mood. The connection between ourintestinal bacteria and the central brain nervous system
(04:38):
is known as the brain gut microbiotaaxis. The doctor at the door details
the operation of the door. Onthe way in. Let us think that
in the intestine we have so manyneurons, the cells that form the nervous
system, as in the entire spinalcord, These intestinal neurons form the one
(04:59):
known as the nervous system in ns interic and are in continuous contact and
in permanent relationship with the intestinal microbiota, since they coincide in this part of
the body and are therefore affected atthe level of sensations and emotions. We
can say that the intestine is onemore organ of ours. Mind explains second,
the good bacteria in the intestine.The intestinal microbiota produces two great types
(05:25):
of molecules, neurotransmitters and short-chain fatty acids. They both condition our
mood. For example, these moleculesinfluence the secretion of serotonin, responsible for
the sensations of joy and happiness andwhich is generated by ninety percent in the
intestine or the gaba butyric gamiamino acidassociated with our feeling of calm and peace.
(05:49):
They produce it anyway. The moleculesthat create the microbiota continue the biochemical
substances that secrete. The bacteria thatmake up the microbiota can enter the blood
circulation, cross the blood brain barrierand reach the brain neurons, where they
trigger their function. This is onethat intestinal bacteria are in contact with neurons
(06:12):
of the enteric or intestinal nervous system, with which the influence of the microbiota
on the nervous system directly villa brainor via intestine is direct and rapid.
Dr Natalia Sanchez. On the contrary, the imbalance in the microbiota has been
(06:34):
observed in a multitude of pathologies,such as emotional disorders such as depression,
autistic spectrum disorder and neurodegenerative pathologies suchas Parkinson' s or Alzheimer' s,
which directly connect these flying microbes ofthe intestine with neurodegenerative diseases. Scientific
(06:55):
studies have shown that microbiota plays importantroles in the formation of new neurons and
in memorization processes. Different clinical trialshave analyzed therapies based on changes in the
composition of microbiota, transplanting stools fromhealthy people to patients with pathologies such as
(07:15):
Parkinson' s and observing an improvementin different symptoms associated with this disease.
This would reflect the influence that microbiotaexerts on the nervous system in a pathological
context and leads the way to newtherapeutic lines. We could prevent or treat
mental problems with probiotics or compounds thatimprove our bacterial composition. Everything seems to
(07:46):
indicate yes. In fact, probiotic- based therapies for mental disorders, such
as depression and its administration, alreadyexist. The severity of the pathology presented
by Natalia Sánchez has decreased. Wecould say that microbiota can influence the progression
of a neurodegenerative pathology by action oromission. A healthy microbiota would be promoting
(08:09):
the patient' s symptomatological improvement.On the other hand, a lack of
severe microbiota would contribute to the progressionof the pathology and could provoke or accelerate
the appearance of the disease adds inneurodegenerative pathologies. In addition, not only
is there a neuronal condition, butimmunological alterations are also observed in docrens and
(08:33):
metabolics, areas in which the microbiotaalso has a high influence. The strengthening
of our immune system thanks to themicrobiota is also channeled in two ways.
First, the good bacteria that makeup the microbiota exert a protective effect against
other pathogens, fighting them and competingfor the same space. Microbiota is able
(08:56):
to secrete anti- inflammatory substances withn attributing it to the balance of the
immune system and detects and presents antigensof different pathogens stimulating the immune response.
Secondly, beyond this protective shield,it is necessary to highlight the essential functions
(09:18):
that microbiota plays in the digestion andabsorption of different substances and their ability to
neutralize dietary carcinogens. The bacteria thatmake up the microbiota possess certain enzymes that
allow digesting substances that our intestinal cellscannot metabolize. Detailed by Dr Natalia Sanchez.
(09:39):
Thus, they can convert complex sugarsinto simple and these in turn ferment
them short- chain fatty acids thatwe can use as energy fuel for the
body. In addition, they participatein the synthesis of many vitamins such as
vitamin C, vitamin B or biotin, and also help us acquire minerals such
as iron and calcium. In thisway, a direct connection is established between
(10:11):
the microbiota and the diet, whichexplains how bad eating habits alter our bacterial
composition and that lack of balance canaccelerate the onset of a pathology or increase
its severity. In fact, foodis one of the four main pillars on
which the stability of our microbiota isbased. At the external level, the
(10:33):
microbiota is affected by four factors,namely food, physical activity, sleep and
stress control. Explains the doctor atthe door. As the microbiota is a
living and modelable organ. It isaffected by external factors, such as eating
a stress, but this also allowsus to design strategies to change its composition
(10:56):
Abunda in the same sense, DrNatalia Sánchez. Feeding is important ruar,
as our bacteria feed on what weeat and that favors the development of some
microorganisms or others. For this reason, we should encourage the intake of fermented
foods yogurt kefir with bucha, sauerkrautquality fiber and polycenols, a substance that
(11:16):
contains many fruits such as red fruitsor pomegranate. Also olive oil, chocolate
or coffee explains from the door.Probiotics and prebiotics favor the growth of healthy
bacterial populations, ratifies Natalia Sanchez andmany foods have the ability to act as
(11:39):
such. As examples of probiotics,we find kefir, combucha, sauerkraut and
other fermented foods, but it isnot only the type of food we generate.
Also the number of meals we makedaily can alter the composition of the
microbiota due to a more frequent activationof the gastrointestinal system. Another aspect to
(12:03):
consider is physical exercise and stress.In recent years it has been shown that
high levels of stress, in additionto affecting different aspects of our physiology,
alter the composition and balance of themicrobial populations of our organism, facilitating the
settlement of microorganisms that are not usefulor even negative for our health and generating
(12:24):
an environment of intestinal inflammation that isassociated with pathologies such as irritable colon syndrome.
Having low levels of stress will allowour microbiota to stay healthy and,
consequently, our organism. In turn, physical activity and an active lifestyle favor
the maintenance of a healthy microbiota.Likewise, in that balance body mind,
(12:50):
it is essential to highlight the relationshipbetween microbiota and sleep. Microbiota activity allows
us to maintain stable circadian rhythms thatregulate many activities in the organism, among
others, the cycles of vigil andsleep. The connection between sleep and microbiota
(13:11):
is two- way. On theone hand, serotonin, which, as
we have said, is generated byninety percent in the intestine, becomes melatonin,
which is the hormone responsible for inducingsleep and maintaining it with quality throughout
the night. As a result,the richness and diversity of the intestinal microbiota
(13:31):
is intimately connected with increased sleep efficiencyand optimum sleep duration and quality. And,
on the other hand, quality sleepalso contributes to maintaining the stability of
our microbiota, explains the door doctor. In short, health is a dynamic
(13:54):
state in which a multitude of vitalcircumstances influence, among which the same or
intestinal plays a very prominent role.The intestinal microbiota is not a mere spectator
of what happens in our health,but an actress who acts, interacts with
us at all times. Our intestinalbacteria therefore contribute in many ways to maintaining
(14:16):
a healthy state. The door doctorconcludes. Thank you for listening to the
(14:43):
very interesting podcasts
Hey, how about, how areyou? I' m van Patcci,
the person who usually accompanies you here. Before starting with today' s podcast,
I want to recommend the podcast whatconcerns us, which is done from
Argal and which are podcasts with conversationsto publicize initiatives related to sustainability, research
and social commitment, conversations and dialogueswith recognized people and personal experiences. Also
(00:25):
where they will talk in upcoming episodesabout keys to overcoming anxiety or how to
maintain motivation in our projects, aswell as facing the challenges and opportunities it
offers us. The current world looksfor what worries us in your favorite podcast
app and now we do start withtoday' s episode. Surprising as it
(00:57):
may seem. There is a closerelationship between our mental and physical health and
the bacteria that populate our intestine.Especially our emotions are linked to the microbiota,
a set of good microbes of ourbody that is lodged mostly in the
intestine and that stimulates the secretion ofbiochemical substances that favor good mood, such
(01:18):
as serotonin or dopamine. In additionto preventing diseases and strengthening the immune system.
The podcasts of very interesting, greatreports of very interesting presents microbiota and
(01:44):
mental health. A text by narLópez seeno Villa. Our body is populated
(02:07):
with billions of microorganisms. These arespecifically bacteria that are found in different parts
of our body and perform diverse functions, although all of them of vital importance
to the balance of our mind andbody. Particularly relevant are bacteria of one
type that make up the intestinal microbiota. The word microbiota refers to the set
(02:32):
of good bacteria for our body thatcoexist in symbiosis with us. One could
say that our body is the worldin which they live and, in turn,
we cannot live without them. Thebacteria that make up the human microbiota
are distributed in specific locations, suchas the digestive tract, urogenital tract,
(02:57):
skin or the conjunctiva of the eyes. The set of bacteria we find in
each location is different and is relatedto the role it plays explains Natalia Sánchez,
PhD in Biotechnology from the Autonomous Universityof Barcelona, awarded by the program
Lo Real Unescofford Wimen in Science twothousand twenty- two. Of all these
(03:19):
bacterial populations, the most studied isthe intestinal microbiota, which is the one
with the highest variability and number ofbacteria species and one of the most prominent
for human health. Go on.The doctor agrees to highlight the importance of
intestinal microbiota. Dr María Dolores dela Puerta, one of the greatest experts
in the field and author of thebook A Happy Intestinal Like Microbiota improves your
(03:43):
mental health and helps you manage emotions. The intestine is the part of the
body that houses the greatest amount anddiversity of good microbes with which we live
healthyly are mostly bacteria, although inits healthy intestine we also have fungi,
virus yeasts, phagus, protophos,archeas, etc. The activity and balance
of these good bacteria of the intestine, which make up the so- called
(04:08):
intestinal microbiota, are determinants to maintainhealth not only digestive, but also neuropsychological.
Why, for two reasons, becauseof the relationship between the brain and
the intestine and because of the moleculesgenerated by the intestinal microbiota that directly influence
our mood. The connection between ourintestinal bacteria and the central brain nervous system
(04:38):
is known as the brain gut microbiotaaxis. The doctor at the door details
the operation of the door. Onthe way in. Let us think that
in the intestine we have so manyneurons, the cells that form the nervous
system, as in the entire spinalcord, These intestinal neurons form the one
(04:59):
known as the nervous system in ns interic and are in continuous contact and
in permanent relationship with the intestinal microbiota, since they coincide in this part of
the body and are therefore affected atthe level of sensations and emotions. We
can say that the intestine is onemore organ of ours. Mind explains second,
the good bacteria in the intestine.The intestinal microbiota produces two great types
(05:25):
of molecules, neurotransmitters and short-chain fatty acids. They both condition our
mood. For example, these moleculesinfluence the secretion of serotonin, responsible for
the sensations of joy and happiness andwhich is generated by ninety percent in the
intestine or the gaba butyric gamiamino acidassociated with our feeling of calm and peace.
(05:49):
They produce it anyway. The moleculesthat create the microbiota continue the biochemical
substances that secrete. The bacteria thatmake up the microbiota can enter the blood
circulation, cross the blood brain barrierand reach the brain neurons, where they
trigger their function. This is onethat intestinal bacteria are in contact with neurons
(06:12):
of the enteric or intestinal nervous system, with which the influence of the microbiota
on the nervous system directly villa brainor via intestine is direct and rapid.
Dr Natalia Sanchez. On the contrary, the imbalance in the microbiota has been
(06:34):
observed in a multitude of pathologies,such as emotional disorders such as depression,
autistic spectrum disorder and neurodegenerative pathologies suchas Parkinson' s or Alzheimer' s,
which directly connect these flying microbes ofthe intestine with neurodegenerative diseases. Scientific
(06:55):
studies have shown that microbiota plays importantroles in the formation of new neurons and
in memorization processes. Different clinical trialshave analyzed therapies based on changes in the
composition of microbiota, transplanting stools fromhealthy people to patients with pathologies such as
(07:15):
Parkinson' s and observing an improvementin different symptoms associated with this disease.
This would reflect the influence that microbiotaexerts on the nervous system in a pathological
context and leads the way to newtherapeutic lines. We could prevent or treat
mental problems with probiotics or compounds thatimprove our bacterial composition. Everything seems to
(07:46):
indicate yes. In fact, probiotic- based therapies for mental disorders, such
as depression and its administration, alreadyexist. The severity of the pathology presented
by Natalia Sánchez has decreased. Wecould say that microbiota can influence the progression
of a neurodegenerative pathology by action oromission. A healthy microbiota would be promoting
(08:09):
the patient' s symptomatological improvement.On the other hand, a lack of
severe microbiota would contribute to the progressionof the pathology and could provoke or accelerate
the appearance of the disease adds inneurodegenerative pathologies. In addition, not only
is there a neuronal condition, butimmunological alterations are also observed in docrens and
(08:33):
metabolics, areas in which the microbiotaalso has a high influence. The strengthening
of our immune system thanks to themicrobiota is also channeled in two ways.
First, the good bacteria that makeup the microbiota exert a protective effect against
other pathogens, fighting them and competingfor the same space. Microbiota is able
(08:56):
to secrete anti- inflammatory substances withn attributing it to the balance of the
immune system and detects and presents antigensof different pathogens stimulating the immune response.
Secondly, beyond this protective shield,it is necessary to highlight the essential functions
(09:18):
that microbiota plays in the digestion andabsorption of different substances and their ability to
neutralize dietary carcinogens. The bacteria thatmake up the microbiota possess certain enzymes that
allow digesting substances that our intestinal cellscannot metabolize. Detailed by Dr Natalia Sanchez.
(09:39):
Thus, they can convert complex sugarsinto simple and these in turn ferment
them short- chain fatty acids thatwe can use as energy fuel for the
body. In addition, they participatein the synthesis of many vitamins such as
vitamin C, vitamin B or biotin, and also help us acquire minerals such
as iron and calcium. In thisway, a direct connection is established between
(10:11):
the microbiota and the diet, whichexplains how bad eating habits alter our bacterial
composition and that lack of balance canaccelerate the onset of a pathology or increase
its severity. In fact, foodis one of the four main pillars on
which the stability of our microbiota isbased. At the external level, the
(10:33):
microbiota is affected by four factors,namely food, physical activity, sleep and
stress control. Explains the doctor atthe door. As the microbiota is a
living and modelable organ. It isaffected by external factors, such as eating
a stress, but this also allowsus to design strategies to change its composition
(10:56):
Abunda in the same sense, DrNatalia Sánchez. Feeding is important ruar,
as our bacteria feed on what weeat and that favors the development of some
microorganisms or others. For this reason, we should encourage the intake of fermented
foods yogurt kefir with bucha, sauerkrautquality fiber and polycenols, a substance that
(11:16):
contains many fruits such as red fruitsor pomegranate. Also olive oil, chocolate
or coffee explains from the door.Probiotics and prebiotics favor the growth of healthy
bacterial populations, ratifies Natalia Sanchez andmany foods have the ability to act as
(11:39):
such. As examples of probiotics,we find kefir, combucha, sauerkraut and
other fermented foods, but it isnot only the type of food we generate.
Also the number of meals we makedaily can alter the composition of the
microbiota due to a more frequent activationof the gastrointestinal system. Another aspect to
(12:03):
consider is physical exercise and stress.In recent years it has been shown that
high levels of stress, in additionto affecting different aspects of our physiology,
alter the composition and balance of themicrobial populations of our organism, facilitating the
settlement of microorganisms that are not usefulor even negative for our health and generating
(12:24):
an environment of intestinal inflammation that isassociated with pathologies such as irritable colon syndrome.
Having low levels of stress will allowour microbiota to stay healthy and,
consequently, our organism. In turn, physical activity and an active lifestyle favor
the maintenance of a healthy microbiota.Likewise, in that balance body mind,
(12:50):
it is essential to highlight the relationshipbetween microbiota and sleep. Microbiota activity allows
us to maintain stable circadian rhythms thatregulate many activities in the organism, among
others, the cycles of vigil andsleep. The connection between sleep and microbiota
(13:11):
is two- way. On theone hand, serotonin, which, as
we have said, is generated byninety percent in the intestine, becomes melatonin,
which is the hormone responsible for inducingsleep and maintaining it with quality throughout
the night. As a result,the richness and diversity of the intestinal microbiota
(13:31):
is intimately connected with increased sleep efficiencyand optimum sleep duration and quality. And,
on the other hand, quality sleepalso contributes to maintaining the stability of
our microbiota, explains the door doctor. In short, health is a dynamic
(13:54):
state in which a multitude of vitalcircumstances influence, among which the same or
intestinal plays a very prominent role.The intestinal microbiota is not a mere spectator
of what happens in our health,but an actress who acts, interacts with
us at all times. Our intestinalbacteria therefore contribute in many ways to maintaining
(14:16):
a healthy state. The door doctorconcludes. Thank you for listening to the
(14:43):
very interesting podcasts
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