Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe - Chapter 9 – A Boat

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Episode Transcript

Speaker 1 (00:01):
Dream Audiobooks present Robinson Crusoe by Daniel de Foe, Chapter
nine a boat.

Speaker 2 (00:14):
But first I was to prepare more land, for I
had now seen enough to sow above an acre of ground.
Before I did this, I had a week's work at
least to make me a spade, which when it was
done was but a sorry one indeed, and very heavy,
and required double labor to work with it. However, I

(00:36):
got through that and sowed my seed in two large
flat pieces of ground as near my house as I
could find them to mind, and fenced them in with
a good hedge, the steaks of which were all cut
off that wood which I have set before and knew
it would grow, so that in a year's time I

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knew I should have a quick or living hedge that
would want but little repair. This work did not take
me up less than three months, because a great part
of that time was the wet season, when I could
not go abroad within doors, that is, when it rained
and I could not go out. I found employment in

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the following occupations, always observing that all the while I
was at work, I diverted myself with talking to my
parrot and teaching him to speak and I quickly taught
him to know his own first name, and at last
to speak it out pretty loud, pall, which was the
first word I ever heard spoken in the island by

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any mouth but my own. This therefore was not my work,
but an assistance to my work. For now, as I said,
I had a great employment upon my hands. As follows,
I had long studied to make, by some means or other,
some earthen vessels, which indeed I wanted sorely, but knew

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not where to come at them. However, considering the heat
of the climate, I did not doubt, but if I
could find out any clay, I might make some pots
that might, being dried in the sun, be hard enough
and strong enough to bear handling, and to hold anything
that was dry and required to be kept so, And

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as this was necessary in the preparing of corn meal,
et cetera, which was the thing I was doing, I
resolved to make some as large as I could, and
fit only to stand like jars to hold what should
be put into them. It would make the reader pity me,
or rather laugh at me, to tell how many awkward

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ways I took to raise this paste, what odd, misshapen
ugly things I made. How many of them fell in,
and how many fell out, the clay not being stiff
enough to bear its own weight, how many cracked by
the over violent heat of the sun being set out
too hastily, And how many fell in pieces with only

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removing as well before as after they were dried. And
in a word, how after having labored hard to find
the clay, to dig it, to temper it, to bring
it home and work it, I could not make above
two large, earthen, ugly things I cannot call them jars,

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in about two months labor. However, as the sun baked
these two very hard and dry, I lifted them very
gently up and set them down again in two great
wicker baskets, which I had made on purpose for them
that they might not break. And as between the pot

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and the backs that there was a little room to spare,
I stuffed it full of the rice and barley straw.
And these two pots, being to stand always dry, I
thought would hold my dry corn, and perhaps my meal
when the corn was bruised. Though I miscarried so much
in my design for large pots, yet I made several

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smaller things with better success, such as little round pots,
flat dishes, pitchers and pipkins and any things my hand
turned to, and the heat of the sun baked them
quite hard. But all this would not answer my end,
which was to get an earthen pot to hold what

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was liquid and bare the fire, which none of these
could do. It happened after some time, making a pretty
large fire for cooking my meat. When I went to
put it out after I was done with it, I
found a broken piece of one of my earthenware vessels
in the fire, burnt as hard as a stone and

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red as a tile. I was agreeably surprised to see it,
and said to myself that certainly they might be made
to burn whole if they would burn broken. This set
me to study how to order my fire so as
to make it burn some pots. I had no notion
of a kiln such as the potters burning, or of

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glazing them with lead, though I had some lead to
do it with. But I placed three large pipkins and
two or three pots in a pile, one upon another,
and placed my firewood all around it, with a great
heap of embers under them. I plied the fire with
fresh fuel round the outside and upon the top, till

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I saw the pots in the inside red hot quite through,
and observed that they did not crack at all when
I saw them clear red. I let them stand in
that heat about five or six hours till I found
one of them, though it did not crack, did melt
or run for the sand, which was mixed with the clay,

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melted by the violence of the heat, and would have
run into glass if I had gone on. So I
slapped my fire gradually till the pots began to abate
of the red color, and watching them all night that
I might not let the fire abate too fast. In
the morning I had three very good, i will not

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say handsome pipkins, and two other earthen pots, as hard
burnt as could be desired, and one of them perfectly
plazed with the running of the sand. After this experiment,
I need not say that I wanted no sort of
earthenware for my use, but I must need say as

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to the shapes of them, they were very indifferent, and
as anyone may suppose when I had no way of
making them, but as the children may dirt pies, or
as a woman who would make pies that never learned
to raise paste. No no joy at a thing of

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so miena nature was ever equal to mine. When I
found I had made an earthen pot that would bear
the fire, and I had hardly patience to stay till
they were cold before I set one on the fire
again with some water in it to boil me some meat,
which it did admirably well, And with a kind of

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piece of a kid I made some very good broth,
though I wanted oatmeal and several other ingredients requisite to
make it as good as I would have had it been.
My next concern was to get me a stone mortar
to stamp or beat some corn in. For as to

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the mill, there was no thought of arriving at that
perfection of art with one pair of hands. To supply
this want, I was at a great loss, For of
all the trades in the world, I was as perfectly
unqualified for a stone cutter as for any whatever. Neither
had I any tools to go about it with. I

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spent many a day to find a great stone big
enough to cut hollow and make fit for a mortar,
and could find none at all except what was in
the solid rock, and which I had no way to
dig or cut out. Nor indeed were the rocks in
the island of hardness sufficient, but were all of a

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sandy crumbling stone, which neither could bear the weight of
a heavy pestle, nor would break the corn without filling
it with sand. So after a great deal of time
lost in searching for a stone, I gave it over
and resolved to look out for a great block of
hard wood, which I found indeed much easier, and getting

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one as big as I had strength to stir, I
rounded it and formed it on the outside with my
axe and hatchet, and then, with the help of fire
and infinite labor, made a hollow place in it, as
the Indians in Brazil make their canoes. After this I
made a great heavy pestle or beater of the wood

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called the ironwood, and this I prepared and laid by
against I had my next crop of corn, which I
proposed to myself grind, or rather pound, into meal to
make bread. My next difficulty was to make a sieve
or seerce to dress my meal, and to part it

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from the brand and the husk, without which I did
not see it possible I could have any bread. This
was a most difficult thing even to look upon, for
to be sure I had nothing like the necessary thing
to make it, I mean fine thin canvas or stuff
to searse the meal through. And here I was at

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a full stop for many months. Nor did I really
know what to do, Lennin, I had none left but
what was mere rags. I had goat's hair, but neither
knew how to weave or to spin it. And had
I known how, here were no tools to work it with.

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All the remedy that I found was this that at
last I did remember. I had among the seamen's clothes,
which were saved out of the ship, some neckcloths of
calico or muslin, And with some pieces of these I
made three small sieves proper enough for the work. And
thus I made shift for some years. How I did

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afterwards I shall show in its place. The baking part
was the next thing to be considered, and how I
should make bread. When I came to have corn, for first,
I had no yeast. As to that part. There was
no supplying the onet, so I did not concern myself

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much about it. But for an oven I was indeed
in great pain. At length I found out an experiment
for that also, which was this. I made some earthen
vessels very broad but not deep, that is to say,
about two feet diameter, and not above nine inches deep.
These I burned in the fire as I had done

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the other, and laid them by. And when I wanted
to bake, I made a great fire upon my hearth,
which I had paved with some square tiles of my own,
baking and burning also, but I should not call them square.
When the firewood was burned pretty much into enbers or

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live coals, I drew them forward upon this hearth so
as to cover it all over. And there I let
them lie till the hearth was very hot. Then, sweeping
away all the embers, I set down my loaf or loaves,
and whelming down the earthen pot upon them, drew the
embers all round the outside of the pot to keep

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in and add to the heat. And thus, as well
as in the best oven in the world, I baked
my barley loaves and became in little time a good
pastry cook into the bargain. For I made myself several
cakes and puddings of the rice. But I had no pies,

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neither had I anything to put them in. Supposing I
had except the flesh either of fowls or goats, it
need not be wondered as if all these things took
up most of my time of third year of my
abode here, For it is to be observed that in

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the interval of these things I had my new harvest
and husbandry to manage. For I reaped my corn in
its season, and carried it home as well as I could,
and laid it up in the ear in my large
baskets till I had time to rub it out, for
I had no floor to thrash it upon, or instrument

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to thrash it with. And now indeed my stock of
corn increasing, I really wanted to build my barns bigger.
I wanted a place to lay it up in, For
the increase of the corn now yielded me so much
that I had of the barley about twenty bushels, and
of the rice as much or more, insomuch that now

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I resolved to begin to use it freely, for my
bread had been quite gone a great while. Also, I
resolved to see what quantity would be sufficient for me
a whole year, and to sew but once a year.
Upon the whole I found that the forty bushels of
barley and rice were much more than I could consume

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in a year. So I resolved to sow just the
same quantity every year that I sowed the last, in
hopes that such a quantity would fully provide me with bread,
et cetera. All the while these things were doing, you
may be sure, my thoughts ran many times upon the
prospect of land, which I had seen from the other

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side of the island, and I was not without secret
wishes that I were on shore there, fancying that seeing
the mainland and an inhabited country, I might find some
way or other to convey myself further, and perhaps at
last find some means of escape. But all this while

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I made no allowance for the dangers of such an undertaking,
and how i'm might fall into the hands of savages,
and perhaps such as I might have reason to think
far worse than the lions and tigers of Africa, that
if I once came in their power, I should run
a hazard of more than one thousand to one of
being killed, and perhaps of being eaten. For I had

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heard that the people of the Caribbean coast were cannibals
or man eaters, and I knew by the latitude that
I could not be far from that shore. Then, supposing
they were not cannibals, yet they might kill me, as
many Europeans who had fallen into their hands had been served,
even when they had been ten or twenty together. Much more,

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I that was but one, and couldn't make little or
no defense. All these things I say, which I ought
to have considered well, and did come into my thoughts afterwards,
yet gave me no apprehensions at first, and my head
ran my upon the thought of getting over to the shore.

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Now I wish for my boy Shury, and the long
boat with the shoulder of mutton sail, with which I
had sailed above a thousand miles on the coast of Africa.
But this was in vain. Then I thought I would
go and look at our ship's boat, which, as I
have said, was blown up upon the shore a great
way in the storm when we first cast away. She

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lay almost where she did at first, but not quite,
and was turned by the force of the waves and
the winds, almost bottom upward against a high ridge of
beechy rough sand, but no water about her. If I
had had hands to have refitted her, and to have
launched her into the water, the boat would have done

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well enough. But and I might have gone back into
the Brazils with her easily enough. Yet I might have
foreseen that I could no more turn her and set
her upright upon her bottom than I could remove the island. However,
I went to the woods and cut levers and rollers,

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and brought them to the boat, resolving to try what
I could do, suggesting to myself that if I could
turn her down, I might repair the damage she had received,
and she would be a very good boat, and I
might go to see in her very easily. I spared

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no pains. Indeed, in this bit of fruitless toil, and
spent I think three or four weeks about it. At last,
finding it impossible to heave it up with my little strength,
I fell to digging away the sand to undermine it,
and so to make it fall down, setting pieces of
wood to thrust and guide it right in the fall.

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But when I had done this, I was unable to
stir it up again, or to get under it, much
less to move it forwards towards the water. So I
was forced to give it over. And yet though I
gave over the hopes of the boat, my desire to
venture over for the main increased rather than decreased, as

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the means for it seemed impossible. This at length put
me upon thinking whether it was not possible to make
myself a canoe or periagua, such as the natives of
those climates make, even without tools, or as I might say,
without hands, of the trunk of a great tree. This

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I not only thought possible, but easy, and pleased myself
extremely with the thoughts of making it, and with my
having much more convenience for it than any of the
Negroes or Indians. But not at all considering the particular
inconveniences which I lay under more than the Indians, and

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that is, want of hands to move it when it
was made into the water, a difficulty much harder for
me to surmount than all the consequences of want of
tools could be to them. For what was it to
me if, when I had chosen a vast tree in
the woods, and with much trouble cut it down, If

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I had been able with my tools to hew and
dub the outside with the proper shape of a boat,
and burn or cut out the inside to make a
hollow so as to make a boat of it. If
after all this I must leave it just where I
had found it, and not be able to launch it
into the water. One would have thought I could not

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have had the least reflection upon my mind of the
circumstances while I was making this boat. But I should
have immediately thought how I should get it into the sea.
But my thoughts were so intent upon my voyage over
the sea in it that I never once considered how
I should get it off the land. And it was really,

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in its own nature, more easy for me to guide
it over forty five miles of sea than about forty
five fathoms of land where it lay to set it
afloat in the water. I went to work upon this
boat the most like a fool that ever man did
who had any of the senses awake. I pleased myself

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with the design, and without determining whether I was ever
able to undertake it not, but that the difficulty of
launching my boat came often into my head. But I
put a stop to my inquiries into this by this
foolish answer which I gave myself. Let me first make it.
I warrant I will find some way or other to

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get it along when it is done. This was a
most preposterous method but the eagerness of my fancy prevailed,
and to work I went. I found a cedar tree,
and I questioned much whether Solomon ever had such a
one for the building of the Temple of Jerusalem. It

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was five feet ten inches diameter at the lower part
next the stump, and four feet eleven inches diameter at
the end of twenty two feet, after which it lessened
for a while and then parted into branches. It was
not without infinite labor that I felled this stream. I

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was twenty days hacking and hewing at it. At the
bottom I was fourteen more getting the branches and limbs,
and the vast spreading head cut off, which I hacked
and hewed through with axe and hatchet and inexpressible labor.
After this it cost me a month to shape it
and dub it to a proportion and to something like

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the bottom of a boat, that it might swim upright
as it ought to. It cost me near three months
more to clear the inside and work it out so
as to make it an exact boat. This I did, indeed,
without fire, by mere mallet and chisel, and by the

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dint of hard labor, till I had brought it to
be a very handsome periagua, and big enough to have
carried six and twenty men, and consequently big enough to
have carried me and all my cargo. When I had
gone through this work, I was extremely delighted with it.

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The boat was really much bigger than ever I saw
a canoe or periagua that was made of one tree
in my life many a weary stroke. It had cost,
you can be sure. And had I gotten it into
the water, I make no question, but I should have
begun the maddest voyage and the most unlikely to be

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performed that ever was undertaken. But all my devices to
get it into the water failed me, though they cost
me infinite labor too. It lay about one hundred yards
from the water, and not more. But the first inconvenience
was it was uphill towards the creek. Well. To take

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away this discouragement, I resolved to dig into the surface
of the earth and so make a declivity. This I began,
and it cost me a prodigious deal of pains. But
who grudge pains who have their deliverance in view. But
when this was worked through and this difficulty managed, it

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was still much the same, for I could no more
stir the canoe than I could the other boat. Then
I ventured the distance of ground and resolved to cut
a dock or canal to bring the water up to
the canoe. Seeing I could not bring the canoe down
to the water well, I began this work. And when

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I had begun to enter upon it and calculate how
deep it was to be dug, how broad how the
stuff was to be thrown out, I found that by
the number of hands I had been none but my own.
It must have been ten or twelve years before I
could have gone through with it, for the shore lay

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so high that at the upper end it must have
been at least twenty feet deep, and so at length.
But with great reluctancy I gave this attempt over. Also
this grieved me heartily, and now I saw, though too late,

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the folly of beginning a work before we count the cost,
and before we judge rightly of our own strength to
go through with it. In the middle of this work
I finished my fourth year in this place, and kept
my anniversary with the same devotion and with as much
comfort as ever before, For by a constant study and

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serious application of the word of God, and by the
assistance of His grace, I gained a different knowledge from
what I had before. I entertained different notions of things.
I looked now upon the world as a thing remote

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which I had nothing to do with, no expectations from,
and indeed no desires about. In a word, I had
nothing indeed to do with it, nor was ever likely
to have. So I thought it looked as we may
perhaps look upon it hereafter. That is, there's a place

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I had lived in, but was come out of it.
And well might I say, as Father Abraham, to dives
between me and the is a great gulf fixed in
the first place, I was removed from all the wickedness

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of the world. Here I had neither the lusts of
the flesh and the lusts of the eye, nor the
pride of life. I had nothing to covet, for I
had all that I was now capable of enjoying. I
was lord of the whole manner, or if it pleased,
I might call myself king or emperor over the whole

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country which I had possession of. There were no rivals.
I had no competitor, none to dispute sovereignty or command me.
I might have raised shiploadings of corn, but I had
no use for it. So I let as little grow
as I thought enough for my occasion. I had tortoise

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or turtle enough, but now and then one was as
much as I could quit to any use. I had
timber enough to have built a fleet of ships, and
I had grapes enough to have made wine, or to
have cured into raisins, to have loaded that fleet when
it had been built. But all I could make use

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of was all that was valuable. I had enough to
eat and supply my wants. And what was all the
rest to me? If I killed more flesh than I
could eat, the dog must eat it, or vermin. If
I sowed more corn than I could eat, it must

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be spoiled. The trees that I cut down were lying
to rot on the ground. I could make no more
use of them but for fuel, and that I had
no occasion for but to dress my food. In a word,
the nature and experience of things dictated to me upon

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just reflection, that all the good things of this world
are no farther good to us than they are for
our use, and that whatever we may heap up to
give others, we enjoyed just as much as we can use,
and no more. The most covetous, gripping miser in the

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world would have been cured of the vice of covetousness
if he had been in my case. For I possessed
infinitely more than I knew what to do with. I
had no room for desire, except it was of things
which I had not, and they were but rifles, though

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indeed of great use to me. I had, as I
hinted before, a parcel of money, as well gold as silver,
about thirty six pounds sterling. Alas there the sorry useless
stuff lay, I had no more manner of business for it,

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and often though with myself that I would have given
a handful of it for a gross of tobacco pipes,
or for a hand mill to grind my corn. Nay,
I would have given it all for a sixpenny worth
of turnip and carrot seed out of England, or for
a handful of peas and beans and a bottle of ink.

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As it was, I had not the least advantage by
it or benefit from it. But there it lay in
a drawer and grew moldy with the damp of the
cave in the wet season, and if I had had
the drawer full of diamonds, it had been the same case.
They had been of no manner of value to me

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because of no use. I had now brought my state
of life to be much easier in itself than it
was at first, and much easier to my mind as
well as to my body. I frequently sat down to
meet with thankfulness and admired the hands of God's providence

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which had thus spread my table in the wilderness. I
learned to look more upon the bright side of my
condition and less upon the dark side, and to consider
what I enjoyed rather than what I wanted. And this
gave me sometimes such secret comforts that I cannot express them,

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and which I take notice of here to put these
discontented people in my mind of it, who cannot enjoy
comfortably what God has given them because they see and
covet something that He has not given them. All our
discontents about what we want appeared to me to spring

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from the want of thankfulness for what we have. Another
reflection was of great use to me, and doubtless would
be so to anyone that would fall into such distress
as mine was. And this was to compare my present
condition with what I at first expected it would be, nay,

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with what it would certainly have been, if the good
providence of God had not wonderfully ordered the ship to
be cast up nearer to the shore, where I not
only could come at her, but could bring what I
got out of her to the shore for my relief
and comfort without whishing. I had wanted for tools to work,

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weapons for defense, and gunpowder and shot forgetting my food.
I spent whole hours, I may say whole days, in
representing to myself in the most lively colors, how I
would have acted if I had got nothing out of
the ship, How I could not have so much as

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got any food except fish and turtles, And that, as
it was long before I found any of them, I
must have perished first. That I should have lived if
I had not perished like a mere savage. That if
I had killed a goat or a fowl by any contrivance,

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I had no way to flay or open it, or
part the flesh from the skin and the bowels, or
to cut it up, but must gnaw it with my
teeth and pull it with my claws like a beast.
These reflections made me very sensible of the goodness of

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Providence to me, and very thankful of my present condition,
with all its hardships and misfortunes. And this part also
I cannot but recommend to the reflection of those who
are apt in their misery to say, is any affliction
like mine? Let them consider how much worse the cases

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of some people are, and their case might have been,
if Providence had thought fit. I had another reflection which
assisted me also to comfort my mind with hopes, and
this was comparing my present situation with what I had
deserved and had therefore reason to expect from the hand

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of Providence. I had lived a dreadful life, perfectly destitute
of the knowledge and fear of God. I had been
well instructed by Father and Mother. Neither had they been
wanting to me in their early endeavors to infuse a
religious awe of God into my mind, a sense of

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my duty and what the nature and end of my
being required of me. But alas falling early into the
seafaring life, which of all lives, is the most destitute
of the fear of God, though His terrors are always
before them, I say, falling early into the seafaring life

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and into seafaring company. All that little sense of religion
which I had entertained was laughed out of me by
my messmates, by a hardened despising of dangers and the
views of death which grew habitual to me, me by
my long absence from all manner of opportunities to converse

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with anything but was like myself, or to hear anything
that was good or tended towards it. So void was
I of everything that was good or the least sense
of what I was or was to be, that in
the greatest deliverances I enjoyed, such as my escape from Sali,

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my being taken up by the Portuguese master of the ship,
my being planted so well in the Brazils, my receiving
the cargo from England, and the like. I never had
once the words thank God so much as on my
mind or in my mouth, nor in the greatest distress,

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had I so much as a thought to pray to Him,
or so much as to say, Lord, have mercy upon me,
nor to mention the name of God. No, unless it
was to swear by and blaspheme it. I had terrible

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reflections upon my mind for many months as I have
already observed on account of my wicked and hardened life past.
And when I looked about me and considered what particular
providences had attended me since my coming into this place,
and how God had dealt bountifully with me, had not

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only punished me less than my iniquity had deserved, but
had so plentifully provided for me. This gave me great
hopes that my repentance was accepted, and that God had
yet mercy in store for me. With these reflections, I

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worked my mind up not only to a resignation to
the will of God in the present disposition of my circumstances,
but even to a sincere thankfulness for my condition, and
that I, who was yet a living man, ought not
to complain, seeing I had not the due punishment of

(37:23):
my sins, that I enjoyed so many mercies which I
had no reason to have expected in that place, that
I ought never more to repine at my condition, but
to rejoice and to give daily thanks for that daily
bread which nothing but a crowd of wonders could have brought.

(37:46):
That I ought to consider I had been fed even
by a miracle even as great as that of feeding
Elijah by ravens, nay, by a long series of miracles
that I could hardly have named a place in the
uninhabitable part of the world where I could have been

(38:07):
cast more to my advantage, a place where as I
had no society, which must was my affliction. On one hand,
so I found no ravenous beasts, no furious wolves or
tigers to threaten my life, no venomous creatures or poisons

(38:29):
which I might feed on to my hurt, no savages
to murder and devour me. In a word, as my
life was a life of sorrow one way, so it
was a life of mercy another. And I wanted nothing
to make it a life of comfort, but to be

(38:51):
able to make my sense of God's goodness to me
and care over me in this condition be my daily consolation.
And after I did make a just improvement of these things,
I went away and was no more sad. I had

(39:13):
now been here so long that many things which I
had brought on shore for my help were either quite
gone or very much wasted and near spent. My ink,
as I observed, had been gone sometime all but a
very little, which I eat out with water, a little

(39:34):
and a little till it was so pale it scarce
left any appearance of black upon the paper. As long
as it lasted, I made use of it to minute
down the days of the month on which any remarkable
thing happened to me. And first, by casting up times past,

(39:55):
I remembered that there was a strange concurrence of days
in the veryious providences which befell me, in which if
I had been superstitiously inclined to observe days as fatal
or fortunate, I might have had reason to have looked
upon with a great deal of curiosity. First I had

(40:18):
observed that the same day that I broke away from
my father and friends and ran away to Hull in
order to go to see the same day afterwards I
was taken by the Sali man of war and made
a slave. And the same day of the year that
I escaped out of the wreck of that ship in

(40:39):
Yarmouth Roads. That same day year afterwards, I made my
escape from Sali in a boat. The same day of
the year I was born in that is the thirtieth
of September. That same day I had my life so
miraculously save. Twenty six six years later, when I was

(41:02):
cast on shore in this island, so that my wicked
life and my solitary life began both on a day.
The next thing to my ink being wasted was that
of my bread, I mean the biscuit which I brought
out of the ship. This I had husbanded to the

(41:24):
last degree, allowing myself but one cake of bread a
day for above a year. And yet I was quite
without bread for near a year before I got any
corn of my own, and great reason I had to
be thankful that I had any at all, the getting
it being, as has been already observed, Next too miraculous,

(41:49):
my clothes, too, began to decay. As to linen, I
had found none a good while, except some checkered shirts,
which I found in the chains of the other seamen,
in which I carefully preserved, because many times I could
bear no other clothes on but a shirt. And it

(42:10):
was a very great help to me that I had,
among all the men's clothes of the ship, almost three
dozen of shirts. There were also indeed several thick watchcoats
of the semens which were left, but they were too
hot to wear. And though it was true that the
weather was so violently hot that there was no need

(42:34):
of clothes. Yet I could not go quite naked, no
though I had been inclined to it, which I was not,
nor could I abide the thought of it though I
was alone. The reason why I could not go naked
was I could not bear the heat of the sun
so well when quite naked, as with some clothes on, Nay,

(42:59):
the very heat blistered my skin, whereas with a shirt
on the air itself made some motion, and whistling under
the shirt was two fold cooler than without it. No
more could I ever bring myself to go out in
the heat of the sun without a cap on my
head or a hat. The heat of the sun, beating

(43:22):
with such violence as it does in that place, would
give me the headache presently by darting so directly on
my head without a cap or hat on, so that
I could not bear it, whereas if I put on
my hat it would presently go away. Upon these views,

(43:42):
I began to consider about putting the few rags I had,
which I called cloths, into some order. I had worn
out all the waistcoats I had, and my business was
now to try if I could make jackets out of
the great watchcoats which I had of me but with

(44:05):
such other materials as I had, I set to working tailoring,
or rather indeed botching, for I made most piteous work
of it. However, I made shift to make two or
three new waistcoats, which I hoped would serve me a
great while. As for breeches and drawers, I made but

(44:28):
a very sorry shift. Indeed, till afterwards I have mentioned
that I saved the skins of all the creatures that
I killed, I mean four footed ones, and I hung
them up, stretched out with sticks in the sun, by
which means some of them were so dry and so
hard that they were fit for little, but others were

(44:50):
very useful. The first thing I made of these was
a great cap for my head, with the hair on
the outside to sho off the rain. And this I
performed so well that after I made me a suit
of clothes wholly of these skins, that is to say,
a waistcoat, and breeches open at the knees and both loose,

(45:13):
for they were rather wanting to keep me cool than
to keep me warm. I must not admit to acknowledge
that they were wretchedly made, For if I was a
bad carpenter, I was a worse tailor. However, they were
such as I made very good shift with, and when

(45:35):
I was out, if it happened to rain, the hair
of my waistcoat and cap being outermost, I was kept
very dry. After this I spent a great deal of
time and pains to make an umbrella. I was indeed
in great want of one, and had a great mind
to make one. I had seen them made in the Brazils,

(45:57):
where they are very useful in the great heats there,
and I felt the heats every jot is great here
and greater two being near the equinox. Besides, as I
was obliged to be much abroad, it was the most
useful thing to me, as well for the rains as
the heats. I took a world of pains with it,

(46:19):
and was a great while before I could make anything
likely to hold. Nay, after I had thought I had
hit my way, I spoiled two or three before I
made one to my mind. But at last I made
one that answered indifferently well. The main difficulty I found

(46:40):
was to make it let down. I can make it spread,
but if I did not let down too and draw
in it was not portable for me anyway, but just
over my head, which would not do. However, at last,
as I said, I made one to answer, and covered
it with skins, the hair upwards, so that it cast

(47:04):
off the rain like a penthouse, and kept off the
sun so effectually that I could walk out in the
hottest of the weather with greater advantage than I could
before in the coolest, and when I had no need
of it, could close it and carry it under my arm.

(47:24):
Thus I lived mighty comfortably, my mind being entirely composed.
By resigning itself to the will of God, and throwing
myself wholly under the disposal of his providence. This made
my life better than sociable. For when I began to
regret the want of conversation, I would ask myself whether

(47:49):
thus conversing mutually with my own thoughts, and, as I
hope I may say, with even God himself, by a
jack lations, was not better than the most enjoyment of
human society in the world. End of Chapter nine