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August 19, 2025 16 mins
Owen Chase (October 7, 1797 – March 7, 1869) served as the First Mate of the ill-fated whale ship Essex, which met a tragic fate when it was rammed and sunk by a sperm whale on October 28, 1820. In the aftermath, Chase penned the gripping account titled Narrative of the Most Extraordinary and Distressing Shipwreck of the Whale-Ship Essex, published in 1821. This harrowing tale not only chronicles the desperate survival of the crew but also served as a profound inspiration for Herman Melvilles iconic novel, Moby-Dick. (Summary from Wikipedia)
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Speaker 1 (00:00):
Section four of the Shipwreck of the whale ship Essex
by Owen Chase. This LibriVox recording is in the public domain.
Recording by Phil Schamp, Chapter three, part one, November twenty
first through the twenty second. November twenty first, the morning

(00:21):
dawned upon our wretched company. The weather was fine, but
the wind blew a strong breeze from the southeast, and
the sea was very rugged. Watches had been kept up
during the night in our respective boats to see that
none of the spars or other articles which continued to
float out of the wreck should be thrown by the
surf against and injure the boats. At sunrise, we began

(00:44):
to think of doing something what we did not know.
We cast loose our boats and visited the wreck to
see if anything more of consequence could be preserved. But
everything looked cheerless and desolate, and we made a long
and vain search for any useful article. Nothing could be
found but a few turtle. Of these we had enough already,

(01:06):
or at least as many as could be safely stowed
in the boats, And we wandered around in every part
of the ship in a sort of vacant idleness for
the greater part of the morning. We were presently aroused
to a perfect sense of our destitute and forlorn condition,
by thoughts of the means which we had for our subsistence,
the necessity of not wasting our time, and of endeavoring

(01:30):
to seek some relief wherever God might direct us. Our
thoughts indeed hung about the ship, wrecked and sunken as
she was, and we could scarcely discard from our minds
the idea of her continuing protection. Some great efforts in
our situation were necessary, and a great deal of calculation,
important as it concerned the means by which our existence

(01:53):
was to be supported during perhaps a very long period,
and a provision for our eventual deliverance. Accordingly, by agreement,
all set to work and stripping off the light sails
of the ship for sails to our boats, and the
day was consumed in making them up and fitting them.
We furnished ourselves with masts and other light spars that

(02:14):
were necessary from the wreck. Each boat was rigged with
two masts to carry a flying jib and two spritzels.
The spritzels were made so two reefs could be taken
in them in case of heavy blows. We continued to
watch the wreck for any serviceable articles that might float
from her, and kept one man during the day on

(02:34):
the stump of her foremast on the lookout for vessels.
Our work was very much impeded by the increase of
the wind and sea, and the surf breaking almost continually
into the boats, gave us many fears that we should
not be able to prevent our provisions from getting wet,
and above all served to increase the constant apprehensions that
we had of the insufficiency of the boats themselves during

(02:58):
the rough weather, that we should necessary early experience in
order to provide as much as possible against this, and
withal to strengthen the slight materials of which the boats
were constructed, we procured from the wreck some light cedar
boards intended to repair boats in cases of accidents, with
which we built up additional sides about six inches above

(03:20):
the gunwale. These we afterwards found were of infinite service
for the purpose for which they were intended. In truth,
I am satisfied we could never have been preserved without them.
The boats must otherwise have taken in so much water
that all the efforts of twenty such weak starving men,
as we afterwards came to be, would not have sufficed

(03:42):
to keep her free. But what appeared most immediately to
concern us, and to command all our anxieties, was the
security of our provisions from the salt water. We disposed
of them under a covering of wood that whale boats
have at either end of them, wrapping it up in
several thicknesses of canvas us. I got an observation today

(04:02):
by which I found we were in latitude zero degrees
six minutes south longitude one hundred and nineteen degrees thirty
minutes west, having been driven by the winds a distance
of forty nine miles the last twenty four hours. By this,
it would appear that there must have been a strong
current setting us to the northwest during the whole time.

(04:23):
We were not able to finish our sales in one day,
and many little things preparatory to taking a final leave
of the ship were necessary to be attended to. But
evening came and put an end to our labors. We
made the same arrangements for mooring the boats in safety,
and consigned ourselves to the hors of another tempestuous night.

(04:44):
The wind continued to blow hard, keeping up a heavy
sea and veering around from southeast to east to east southeast.
As the gloom of night approached and obliged us to
desist from that employment, which cheated us out of some
of the realities of our situation, we all of us
again became mute and desponding. A considerable degree of alacrity

(05:06):
had been manifested by many the preceding day, as their
attention had been wholly engaged in scrutinizing the wreck and
in constructing the sails and spars for the boats. But
when they ceased to be occupied, they passed to a
sudden fit of melancholy, and the miseries of their situation
came upon them with such force as to produce spells

(05:27):
of extreme debility, approaching almost to fainting. Our provisions were
scarcely touched. The appetite was entirely gone, but as we
had a great abundance of water, we indulged in frequent
and copious drafts, which our parched mouths seemed continually to need.
None asked for bread. Our continued state of anxiety during

(05:49):
the night excluded all hopes of sleep. Still, although the
solemn fact had been before me for nearly two days
my mind manifested the utmost repugnant to be reconciled to it.
I laid down in the bottom of the boat and
resigned myself to reflection. My silent prayers were offered up
to the God of Mercy for that protection which we

(06:11):
stood so much in need of. Sometimes, indeed, a light
hope would dawn, But then to feel such an utter
dependence on and consignment to chance alone for aid and
rescue would chase it again from my mind. The wreck,
the mysterious and mortal attack of the animal, the sudden
prostration and singing of the vessel our escaped from her,

(06:34):
and are then forlorn an almost hapless destiny, all passed
in quick and perplexing review in my imagination. Wearied with
the exertion of the body and mind, I caught near
morning an hour's respite from my troubles in sleep. November
twenty second, the wind remained the same, and the weather

(06:56):
continued remarkably fine. At sunrise, we again hauled our boats
up and continued our search for articles that might float out.
About seven o'clock the deck of the wreck began to
give way, and every appearance indicated her speedy dissolution. The
oil had bilged in the hold and kept the surface

(07:16):
of the sea all around us completely covered with it.
The bulkheads were all washed down, and she worked in
every part of her joints and seams with the violent
and continual breaking of the surf over her. Seeing at
last that little or nothing further could be done by
remaining with the wreck, and as it was all important
that while our provisions lasted, we should make the best

(07:38):
possible use of time, I rowed up to the captain's
boat and asked him what he intended to do. I
informed him that the ship's decks had burst up, and
that in all probability she would soon go to pieces,
that no further purpose could be answered by remaining longer
with her, since nothing more could be obtained from her,

(07:58):
and that it was my opinion no time should be
lost in making the best of our way towards the
nearest land. The captain observed that he would go once
more to the wreck and survey her, and, after waiting
until twelve o'clock for the purpose of getting an observation,
would immediately after determine. In the meantime, before noon, all
our sails were completed, and the boats otherwise got in

(08:21):
readiness for our departure. Our observation now proved us to
be in latitude zero degrees thirteen minutes north longitude one
hundred and twenty degrees zero minutes west, as near as
we could determine it, having crossed the equator during the
night and drifted nineteen miles. The wind had veered considerably

(08:41):
to the eastward during the last twenty four hours. Our
nautical calculations having been completed, the captain, after visiting the wreck,
called a council consisting of himself and the first and
second mates, who all repaired to his boat, to interchange
opinions and devise the best means for our security and preservation.

(09:02):
There were in all of us twenty men, six of
whom were blacks, and we had three boats. We examined
our navigators to ascertain the nearest land, and founded was
the Marquesis Islands. The Society Islands were next. These islands
we were entirely ignorant of. If inhabited, we presumed they
were by savages, from whom we had as much to

(09:25):
fear as from the elements, or even death itself. We
had no charts from which our calculations might be aided,
and were consequently obliged to govern ourselves by the navigators alone.
It was also the captain's opinion that this was the
season of the hurricanes which prevailed in the vicinity of
the Sandwich Islands, and that consequently it would be unsafe

(09:48):
to steer for them. The issue of our deliberations was that,
taking all things into consideration, it would be most advisable
to shape our course by the wind to the southward
as far as twenty five degrees or twenty six degrees
south latitude, fall in with the variable winds, and then
endeavor to get eastward to the coast of Chili or Peru. Accordingly,

(10:11):
preparations were made for our immediate departure. The boat, which
it was my fortune, or rather misfortune, to have, was
the worst of the three. She was old and patched up,
having been stove a number of times during the cruise.
At best, a whale boat is an extremely frail thing,
the most so of any other kind of boat. They

(10:33):
are what is called clinker, built and constructed of the
lightest materials for the purpose of being rowed with the
greatest possible celerity. According to the necessities of the business
for which they are intended. Of all species of vessels,
they are the weakest and most fragile, and possess but
one advantage over any other, that of lightness and buoyancy

(10:54):
that enables them to keep above the dash of the
sea with more facility than heavier ones. This qualification is, however,
preferable to that of any other, and situated as we
then were, I would not have exchanged her, old and
crazy as she was, for even a ship's launch. I
am quite confident that to this quality of our boats

(11:16):
we most especially owed our preservation through the many days
and nights of heavy weather that we afterwards encountered. In
consideration of my having the weakest boat, six men were
allocated to it, while those of the captain and second
mate took seven each. And half past twelve we left
the wreck, steering our course with nearly all sails set

(11:39):
south southeast. At four o'clock in the afternoon, we lost
sight of her entirely. Many were the lingering and sorrowful
looks we cast behind us. It has appeared to me
often since to have been in the abstract and extreme
weakness and folly on our parts, to have looked upon
our shattered and sunken vessel with soul such an excessive

(12:00):
fondness and regret. But it seemed as if in abandoning
her we had parted with all hope and were bending
our course away from her. Rather by some dictate of despair.
We agreed to keep together in our boats as nearly
as possible, to afford assistance in case of accident, and
to render our reflections less melancholy by each other's presence.

(12:24):
I found it, on this occasion true that misery does
indeed love company. Unaided and unencouraged by each other. There
were with us many whose weak minds, I am confident,
would have sunk under the dismal retrospections of the past catastrophe,
and who did not possess either sense or firmness enough
to contemplate our approaching destiny without the cheering of some

(12:47):
more determined countenance than their own. The wind was strong
all day, and the sea ran very high, our boat
taking in water from her leaks continually, so that we
were obliged to keep one man constantly bailing. During the night,
the weather became extremely rugged, and the sea every now
and then broke over us. By agreement, we were divided

(13:09):
into two watches, one of which was to be constantly
awake and doing the labors of the boat, such as bailing, setting,
taking in, and trimming the sails. We kept our course
very well together during this night, and had many opportunities
of conversation with the men and other boats, wherein the
means and prospects of our deliverance were variously considered. It appeared,

(13:33):
from the opinions of all that we had most to
hope for in the meeting with some vessel, and most
probably some whale ship, the great majority of whom in
those seas we imagined were cruising about the latitude we
were then steering for. But this was only a hope,
the realization of which did not in any degree depend
on our own exertions, but on chance alone. It was

(13:56):
not therefore considered prudent by going out of our course
with the prospect of meeting them, to lose sight for
one moment of the strong probabilities which, under divine providence
there were, of our reaching land by the route we
had prescribed to ourselves, as that depended most especially on
a reasonable calculation and on our own labors, we conceived

(14:19):
that our provision and water on a small allowance would
last us sixty days, that with the trade wind on
the course we were then lying, we should be able
to average the distance of a degree a day, which
in twenty six days would enable us to attain the
region of the variable winds, and then in thirty more
at the very utmost, should there be any favor in

(14:41):
the elements, we might reach the coast. With these considerations
we commenced our voyage, the total failure of all which
the subsequent dismal distress and suffering by which we were
overtaken will be shown in the sequel. Our allowance of
provision at first consisted of bread one biscuit weighing about
one pound three ounces, and half a pint of water

(15:04):
a day for each man. This small quantity, less than
one third which is required by an ordinary person, small
as it was, we however, took without murmuring, and on
many an occasion afterwards blessed God that even this pittance
was allowed to us in our misery. The darkness of
another night overtook us, and having for the first time

(15:26):
partook of our allowance of bread and water, we laid
our weary bodies down in the boat, and endeavored to
get some repose. Nature became at last worn out with
the watchings and anxieties that the two preceding nights and
sleep came insensibly upon us. No dreams could break the
strong fastenings of forgetfulness in which the mind was then

(15:47):
locked up. But for my own part, my thoughts so
haunted me that this luxury was yet a stranger to
my eyes. Every recollection was still fresh before me, and
I enjoyed but a few short and unsatisfactory slumbers caught
in the intervals between my hopes and my fears. The
dark ocean and swelling waters were nothing. The fears of

(16:09):
being swallowed up by some dreadful tempest or dashed upon
hidden rocks, with all the other ordinary subjects of fearful contemplation,
seemed scarcely entitled to a moment's thought. The dismal looking
wreck and the horrid aspect and revenge of the whil
wholly engrossed to my reflections until the day again made

(16:29):
its appearance. End of Section four
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