July 17, 2023 • 33 mins
This brutal crime highlighted the violent lengths mob bosses were prepared to go to, simply to have ownership of a particular type of business. Unsolved this mass murder was coldly calculated and while it seems to describe the violence of the times, it indicates a complete disinterest in the lives of others and the total control over authorities to be so overt in the nature of the killings.
A black Cadillac pulled up to the SMC Cartage Company garage around 10:30 a.m. four,maybe five men, two wearing police uniforms poured out of the vehicle. They ordered the seven men inside the garage to line up facing the wall and opened fire with two Thompson submachine guns. Moments later, the gunmen walked out with their hands up, prodded along by the fake cops and drove away. Six of the victims died at the scene.
A black Cadillac pulled up to the SMC Cartage Company garage around 10:30 a.m. four,maybe five men, two wearing police uniforms poured out of the vehicle. They ordered the seven men inside the garage to line up facing the wall and opened fire with two Thompson submachine guns. Moments later, the gunmen walked out with their hands up, prodded along by the fake cops and drove away. Six of the victims died at the scene.
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Episode Transcript
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(01:41):
Welcome everyone to True Crime with Dorothyand how are you very good? Thank
you tonight. We are very excitedto be talking about the Saint Valentine's Day
massacre. And I think people todaydon't realize that it was never solved,
so it's actually an unsolved crime now. It's really important to acknowledge that right
(02:02):
at the outset. The Saint Valentine'sDay Massacre remains seared until America's memory.
Is one of its bloodiest episodes anda symbol of the gun violence, bootleg
and criminal underworld that riddled the cityof Chicago during the Prohibition era. In
February the fourteenth, nineteen twenty ninewas a day that would live in infamy
(02:23):
as one of the bloodiest in mobhistory. Seven men gunned down and the
rise of a criminal empire. Onecriminal empire and the fall of another.
The seven members of Bugs Marines Ganwere lined up against the wall and shot
down with Tommy guns. The bloodyincident dramatized the intense rivalry for control of
the illegal liquatrefficking industry. Four men, two wearing police uniforms, pulled up
(02:47):
in a police car, entered thegarage and ordered Marines men to line up
shoulder to shoulder against the wall ofthe garage. They did not put up
a fight because they believed it wasa police rate. The men opened fire
with Thompson submachine guns and a shotgun. A German shepherd dog named high Ball
was tied to a car bumper inthe garage, and luckily he wasn't killed.
(03:08):
I say luckily because it sort ofshows that this site there's such a
brutality and yet that the dog lived. But it wasn't a kindness. It
was the dog couldn't tell anybody,or least they couldn't talk. The killers
undoubtedly had hoped to kill Marine himself, but he was not among the victims.
He was supposed to be there butwas late for the meeting, saw
(03:28):
the police car and walked on by, along with two of his associates.
If they had been in time forthe meeting, one can assume that ten
men would have perished in their massacre. Can you imagine how lucky? Oh
my gosh, interesting. Yeah,he wasn't there at that time. Well,
the fact that he was going there, saw the police car and kept
(03:49):
walking, he must have just feltlike, yeah, yeah. Five of
the victims were bona fide gangsters.Peter and Frank Gunsberg were top enforcement for
Morn gang and as was Albert catchAn ok catch An olk Adam Higher Higher
(04:13):
and was more Moran's business manager,and Albert Win and Albert Winn Shranka managed
various businesses for Morn. Reinhardt Swimmonerwas an optical and an optician who enjoyed
hanging on with hood looms. JohnBay was an auto mechanic who did repair
(04:40):
for the Moran Frank gun discussion.Yeah Okay, who had twenty bullet wounds,
did die, did not die immediately. He was rushed to the hospital
where the police questioned him. Inclassic gangster fashion, he refused to say
judge, and one account has himsaying that the police were responsible for the
(05:05):
shooting, which is consistent with thefact that the two of the Alzelian Assilians
where police officers guns bangers, diedafter three hours after the shooting. Because
it is the interesting thing, youknow, they say he was being gangs
to fashion tight lipt in real tough. But if he's doing it was the
(05:26):
police, and the police are askingyou questions, what are you going to
say? Right, You're not goingto say too much, no no.
The massacres were reported across the countryand deterified the American public and it has
previously viewed gangsters such as Alfacone andas Herrick figures, a line has been
crossed, and political leaders and citizensa like demand a crackdown. President Herbert
(05:51):
Hoover called on his federal law enforcementagencies to bring the the tooks. Justice
is actually entriesting because there wasn't reallymuch of an attempt before that. That's
how they got so powerful. Wasnobody was trying to sort them out from
the start. And of course theChicago police were at this stage had a
(06:13):
terrible reputation for corruption, and soyou put these things together and it was
very much I think Alexa daisical approachby authorities, and it got out of
hand, you know, way wayout of hand. You've got something people
are calling for. Now you've gotall these guys wandering around obviously carrying guns,
threatening people with guns because they're theones with the guns, right,
(06:35):
and even people that try to defendthemselves with the guns didn't have the numbers
or the organization, and so itdidn't matter who they were, they would
probably end up killed. If theydefied the mob if you like, or
the mafia. So quite an interestingperiod of time for American police forces.
(06:56):
It is, and the massacre wasreported across the county and horse right the
American public, and I was itwas a turning point to the public attitude
towards some mob. Before this event, the cop what is it cup Ron
It's particularly was seen by many assomething as a heroic figure in Chicago.
(07:18):
He had a lot of friends amongthe common people and a lot of aliens
in the corridors of power. Hewasn't the only one with celebrity status is
being applied to too many or factsacross the country with with romanticizing idea that
(07:41):
didn't take an account that they wererebels looking after a little guy, but
a powerful gang taking advantage of littleguy in every way possible, which you
know, because all you have tolook at is references to properties being doing
shopkeepers being injured, beaten up,killed because they weren't paying them their protection
(08:05):
money. And unfortunately, when thatsituation arises, the people they need protecting
from as the game that they're payingthe money to. Right, that's right,
you know, which is it's abit of a shocker. As Capone's
biographer Jonathan I wrote about the Messacre, from coast to coast, people suddenly
seemed to be reaching the conclusion thata line had been crossed, that the
(08:26):
violence had become too much to bear. But around the world it was horrible
what was going on through that era, and it was very much literally dog
it dog Arthur William Homer says Caponetoo must have regretted the Messacre because of
its dire effects on his business.The murders made the front page of every
daily paper in the United States andin many foreign countries. Chicago police launched
(08:52):
a great crackdown on the city severalthousand speakeasies, which cost Capone's outfit of
fortune. Another Campone biographer, LaBurgreen eloquently summarized the national reaction. He
wrote, newspapers across the country devotedan unprecedented amount of space to coverage with
the mass murder of seven men,and in the process sold millions of copies.
(09:15):
The event impressed itself into the consciousnessand the history of the nation like
a dark fly in amber. AlCapone was immediately suspected of orchestrating the Messacre,
although he was living in Florida.At the time, Various suspects were
arrested, including Capone associate Jack mcgoon, but authorities couldn't make a charge stick
(09:37):
no kidding. Interesting age suspects wereidentified and a few individuals were arrested,
including Capone bodyguard my machine Gun,Jack mcgun Magoon, but could not build
a good case against anyone and persecutionoccurred. Jack mcgroon hel with the girlfriend.
(10:05):
Jack mcgroons was suspect in massaca,but he had a blonde alibi girlfriend,
Lewis Roalthi Court courtesy of Johnny BlindCollections, leading a leading account as
mcgoon setting up in the massacre bytricking the Moron gang members into showing up
(10:30):
at the Clark Street garage to takea delivery to Canada to off Kennadian whiskey
hijacking from Capone, but others,including morn himself, disputed the storyline.
The police charged mc mcgon i thinkin the massacer, but he provided an
(10:56):
alibi. He said he was inthe hotel with his girlfriend with Rolfi and
the entire the entire day. Thenhe married Rolfie, which allowed her to
avoid having to testify against him.Smart There the press dubbed Rolphi and the
Blondie Alibi. The Cook County Cornerstook more scientific approach of investigating the massacre.
(11:24):
He brought doctor Calvin Goby, apioneer in the new field of bouser
testing. Godon confirmed that two thetwo Tami guns confessions from h Hood Zoom's
house in rural Michigan where used toused in the massacre. Corner Herman Bounced
(11:50):
carefully collected the evidence from the crimescene. He also named the corner's jury
consistency of local business leader. Into a this he gave the murders TJURI
member first Tworjuri's first concerned was thefigure of the whether the police officers actually
were involved in the massacre. Theyhired doctor Calvin Goddard, a pioneer in
(12:16):
Babisti testing from New York to workin the case. This is where it
comes unstuck, really, because ifthe police were involved in some way,
right, then it becomes a questionof would they really try to solve the
case? Right, You've got thatelement in there. The police may have
been involved because get's face it wayback to that very well known fact that
(12:41):
they were so corruptible at the time, and they may have been taken back
handers from al Capone, but itmay not have even been to do with
that. They may have been justover whatever was going on, you know.
So you've got this strange element that'sin there that never got even or
disproved, and yet there is.And I'm not favoring any gangster over another,
(13:05):
but there is. Then they instantlythink this is our Capone. There's
no evidence for that, but theygo after him. And so it's a
nice little deflict if they were actuallythe bad guys, right, Justice thought.
When Goddard did arrive, he waspresented with a massive collection of bullets
and shell casings recovered from the crimescene. Included seventy forty five caliber cartridge
(13:31):
shells. And I want to evenlook at that. How many bullets does
it take to kill seven men standingagainst a wall doing nothing. You know,
they're not running, it's not likeyou're shooting and trying to hit them.
So they literally just let loose anddidn't care, didn't want to.
It's like, it's a real shockerwhen you think of it that way.
He quickly determined the shells had beenfired from Thompson's submachine guns or the Tommy
(13:52):
guns, and he concluded that fiftycartridges had been fired from one Thompson and
twenty from another. That means,out of all the shells they collected,
there are only two people actually firing, and that to me is profound.
So you've got two people dressed aspoliceman, you've got two that are not,
(14:13):
and only two guns. We're firingall of those, but it's only
two guns, and that means onlytwo people. Was it the two people
in uniform? Was it the twopeople not in uniform? So quite a
powerful question I think flows on fromthat. Godard's first task was to answer
the question where the police weapons wereused in the massacre, and of course
(14:35):
I'm like, whatever, if you'rea policeman and you're doing a crime,
you're not going to use your ownweapons. He obtained samples of fired bullets
from several Thompson submachine guns owned bythe Chicago PD, and after he compared
them under a microscope with the slugsremoved from the mood of victims, he
informed the coroner's jury that no policeweapons had been used. And I want
to say, that doesn't mean thepolice weren't involved, right, because they
(14:56):
were taking weapons off people all thetime. This lead investigators to believe the
shooters had worn police uniforms as adisguise. A few months later, which
is convenient, so you can seeI him have been a really nice image
of the Chicago PD in nineteen twentynine. A few months later, the
murder of a sheriff's deputy in ruralMichigan lead to a cash of weapons in
(15:18):
the house of the suspect, FredKiller Burke. I mean, there's a
there's a nickname for your killer,right. Two Tommy guns confiscated from the
house were tested by Goddard and we'reproved to have been used in the massacre.
After the messacre, Fred Killer Burke, and associate of al Capone,
was hiding out in rural Michigan whenhe killed a police officer. Authorities searched
(15:41):
his house when they found the arsenalCalvin Goddard proved that these had been used
in the massacre. But again,we're going it all assumes that the police
weren't involved and didn't plant evidence tomatch their narrative. Yeah, that's right,
Yeah. Yeah. When he movedto Saint Louis, he became a
top member of Egans Egans rasa city'smost notorious crime syndicator. Burke the Burke
(16:10):
committed robberies and contract killing in SaintLouis until a large number of his associates
were jailed. He moved to Michigan, where he was an associate in Detroit.
Detroit's Purple Gang, and he wasa suspect in the murder of three
men in nineteen twenty seven. Herelocated to Chicago, where he hooked up
(16:33):
with al Capone when the Saint Whenthe Saint Valentine's Day massacre accurred in February
fourteen, nineteen twenty nine, Burkewas among the prime suspects. He went
into hiding and in rural Michigan.On December fourteen, two thousand and nineteen
twenty nine, ten months after themassacre, he was involved in a car
accident in Saint Joseph, Michigan,where he was he was known as Frederic
(16:59):
Dane. When port Porton man CharlesKelly tried to intervene, Brooke shot him
dead and took off. He wreckedhis car on the edge of a town,
but comraded another and got away.Police found papers in Brooke's wrecked car
(17:26):
that led them into the house,into his house where they found an our
soul that included two Thompson submachine guns. The guns that abeliviates were delivered to
doctor Calvin Gordon's crime lab in Chicago. God Heard fired fired test bullets from
(17:48):
the Tommy guns and they matched thosetaken from massacres back victims. Chicago police
had the murder weapons, but theystill didn't have any suspects in custody.
America's most wanted man in that timefled into the into the fame, into
the Green City of Missouri. Hepossessed and as a proposed businessman, he
(18:12):
paused. He pauses as prospect businessmannamed Richie F. White. While hiding
out there, Burke married a twentyyear old nurse named Bonnie Porter, and
they lived on a on her father'sfarm. Fred Burke portrayed Fred Killer.
Burke was a prime suspect in themassacre, but was never prosecuted for that
(18:36):
crime. And there becomes another youknow, that whole scenario becomes one of
um trust. I guess you haveto trust that nobody else has any investment
in it at all? And howconvenient you know? So? Again,
would they have been stupid? Enoughto use again in their way to kill
a policeman, just just killing.And these gunfights between the police and the
(19:00):
gangs back then was quite a horrendousthing in itself, right, So you
know, there was definitely the policeand the gangs were in a power struggle,
I suppose, is what I'm thinkingand trying to say. A local
man named Joe Hunsaker studied the newcomerand became convinced that he was really Fred
(19:21):
Burke, whose pictures he had seenin True Detective magazine. Local peace police
initially ignored Hunsakers please to apprehend thefugitive fugitive cop killer, but finally,
in the early morning on March twentysixth of nineteen thirty one, they rated
Burke's house and found him in bear. Burke haad weapons by his side,
but he did not resist the rest. Burke was extradited to Bury and County,
(19:44):
Michigan, where he was convicted ofkilling the police officer and sentenced to
life in prison. He served nineyears in Marquette State Prison before he died
of a heart attack in nineteen forty. He was strongly suspected of participating in
the Valentine's Day massacre, but wasnever prosecuted. And I think we've said
that a few times now. It'svery important because I've read a lot of
blogs that go, you know,this person did it, that person did
(20:07):
it. We know who did it, Actually you don't. Our Capone was
suspected of being a Messica mastermind,but there was no evidence to charge him.
He was in Florida at the timeof the Messaca and claimed he had
nothing to do with it. Hewas never arrested or prosecuted in connection with
the crime or anything to do withthe crime. After about a month after
(20:27):
the Messaca, clearly now the governmentof America's under pressure. The people are
going stop the violence right and doit now? And what are our police
doing? Why are our people suffering? And so this becomes a real serious
problem in Chicago. Our delegation ofprominent Chicagoans meet with newly elected President Hoover
(20:49):
in the White House and urged himstrongly or lobbied him to provide federal assistance
to tackle rempant crime in the WindyCity, much of it attributed to Capone's
kit, but of course he wasn'tthe top dog at that time. Marone
was. So you've got this thinggoing on. They were a bit of
argie bargie between suburbs and central andthat kind of thing. Whoever told his
(21:11):
Attorney General, William D. MissionMitchell to get Capone. But it took
all of this, and even afterthat, it took a lobbyist group to
go and say we've had enough.You know, That's is quite interesting,
tragic, isn't it really, Becausethere's this whole system set up to protect
(21:32):
the people and yet they're really inan out and out battle of making money.
You know, under the table withthe gangs. We'll let the gangs
work as long as they give uskickbacks. It's pretty much what was going
on, and that there's a lotof documentation to support that. So it
still becomes a matter of who didthe actual killing. You know, that's
(21:52):
fine. Capon did end up goingto prison twice soon after the massacre's effective,
ending his rage as a leader ofChicago's organized crime. After the massacer,
Capone was summoned in a national mobconference in Atlantic City, where the
leaders determined that Capone needed to lieto lay low for a while. It
(22:15):
was arranged for him to be arrestedin Philadelphia on a gun possession charge that
resulted in ten months prison term.Meanwhile, the Treasury Department of Special Intelligence
unit had targeted Capone. The intelligenceunits specialized in tax evasion case and after
(22:36):
several years of restless sleuthing in ithad complained enough evidence or compiled enough evidence
to prosecute Capone. El Mare Erieel Erie led the Treasure Department of Special
Intelligence unit known as Teaman and buildthe tax evasion case and put al Capone
(22:57):
in prison. Convicting him would bea dull order. He was one of
the most powerful man in Chicago.He had the police and police politicians in
his pocket, and good luck findinghometown witnesses willing to testifying against him.
Team Man had complied a paper thrillthat short Capone ripping big prophets without being
(23:22):
his fair share. I mean,it's just like a corporation today, really,
right, your lobby, if you'vegot the money and you've got the
power, you lobby the guys whoreally have other types of power and they
protect you. And I know weall know that was going on. So
all of these people were unwilling.They could have done them for tex They
(23:45):
could have done any of those gangsat that time. For tax evasion because
they knew what they were doing,and they knew they had massive incomes,
and there was no way to showthat they'd earned that money or pay taxes
on it. Even the speakings andthe prostitutes, all of that whole industry.
It was bootlegging because it was illegalto drink alcohol. It was prohibition,
(24:06):
and they opened the doors. Sothat leads you to Christian prohibition itself,
the only country in the world totake it on. And you've got
to ask, so why did theytake such an extreme stance because that starts
made billions for gangs. That's right. That was it. That's right.
The authorities were concerned that Capone wouldthreaten to kill two key witnesses. Agents
(24:27):
kept him hidden so out of thestate until it was time for them to
testify, and upon learning that Caponeplanning to temper with a jury, Judge
James Wickleson introduced a new state ofjurors and trial, opening on October seventeen,
nineteen thirty one. The jury foundCapon guilty and he was sentenced so
(24:48):
eleven years in prison, one ofthe most severe tax evasion sentence in history.
Capone served most of the time inthe icetand prison of Alas Alcatraz Love
Alcatraz, famous, famous Alcatraz.Yeah, so it's an interesting time.
(25:11):
The question still remains the same.Who did it right? The consensus choice
is the American Boys, a woodlandcrew out of Saint Louis that worked for
al Capone. It was Capone whogave them the nickname, presumably because they
weren't Italians. A few early cluesimplicated members of this group. First and
eye witness said one of the killerswearing a police uniform head upfront tooth missing,
(25:34):
which Fred the killer Burke was missing. Affront two, seeking to search
for Burke's hideout in rural Michigan,tuned up two Tommy guns that forensic teeth
proved were used in the Messica.Chicago authorities wanted to prosecute Burke for the
Messica because that would be their closestlink to getting al Capone involved, and
they never succeeded in doing either thing. Michigan just wouldn't let him go.
(25:59):
Instead, he was prosecuted there formurdering the police officer, and in November
nineteen thirty one, Cook County CoronerHerman Bunderson officially closed his in quests into
the messacre case, concluding merely thatthe seven men had been murdered. And
of course, you know, sincewhen do you close a murder case like
that by someone? By the way, so they had been murdered by someone.
(26:22):
But four years later, federal agentsarrested a man named Byron Byron Bolton,
who surprised investigators by agreeing to tellall about the messacre. I mean,
now we're getting a bit shoddy.According to verbi reports, Bolton said
the massacre was planned in late nineteentwenty eight at a Wisconsin resort owned by
Fred Goetz, with al Capan,al capone and attendance. Bolton identified the
(26:48):
killers as Fred Getz, Gus Winkler, Fred Burke, Raymond Craneneck Nugent,
and Bob Carrie. He said therewere two lookouts across the street from the
garage, Jimmy the Swede Morand andJimmy mccresson. A number of Chicago investigators
(27:08):
believe that Bolton's story checked out,and it was later corporated by two others,
Iran Iran gotez And, who wasmarried to Fred Gotz, and by
George L. Winkler, who wasmarried to Gas Winkler. Georgette said that
(27:29):
four men who entered the garage andmurdered bugs Moren's gang where Fred Burke and
Fred Gotz and Gas Winkler and RayNugget and Nigent may knew Gent Okay Nna,
And she said Burke and the endGots wielded the Tommy guns into the
(27:52):
massacre and the little lookhouse. Shesaid, were more Morden and Bolton,
who apparently had modified their parts ofhis stories as sold as it not impacted
himself and implicate himself. FBI directorj Edgar Hoover did not act on Bolton's
(28:15):
confession, apparently believing that murders werea local police matter. Arthur never prosecuted
for their roles in the massacre.Most of the American boys paid for their
croup deals. Fred Burke was convincedof killing Michigan's police officer in nineteen thirty
one and spent the rest of hislife in prison. One of the other
(28:37):
interesting things about that is when whenthese so called interviews were taking place,
they were taking place as they prettymuch do today, that they were trying
to convictim of something and here,lets do a deal. Tell us about
this becomes part of the story,and the story did change, but they
had a number of accounts over theyears that altered and changed, and one
(28:59):
has to say, well, let'sask the question then, as are these
the people that were actually responsible forit, because if they were, I
think it would be a lot easierto prove. I really think that it
would have been a lot easier toprove that it was them. There were
certain things of convenience. I'd lookedat the photos of all of these men
that were being so called acute,and they were all gang guys, and
(29:19):
they were all nasty dudes, butit was easy enough to show a person
a photo or if they knew them. They were all dubbing each other,
and it's like they're they're all cowardlyat the end, if you're like,
there's no I'm not going to tellanybody anything. All of the information everybody's
got is from gang members doing dealswith the DA or with the police and
getting themselves out of trouble, throwingsomebody else under the bath. Bob Carey
(29:42):
was shot to death in nineteen thirtytwo and what authorities declared a murder suicide.
Gas Winkler was murdered in nineteen thirtythree, allegedly on Augur's orders of
Chicago Outfit boss franknity Capone's successor,who suspected he was take talking to the
FIDS. Fred Goats was murdered onthe street in Cceo, Illinois in nineteen
(30:03):
thirty four, and Raymond krane NeckNugent was last seen in nineteen thirty with
al Capone in Florida, but thenhe vanished. He's believed to have been
murdered. This is just what wenton. It was always that violent.
It didn't get that violet. Itstarted that violence. It is reasonable to
assume the murders of Winkler and Goats, and possibly Carrie and Nugent with a
(30:23):
result of the Chicago Outfit not wantingto risk the mess care assailants that might
talk. But I don't really seethat either. Now we're talking four or
five years later, they've effectively gotaway with it. That's it, it's
done. But the lack of aspectacular trial to put an exclamation point at
the end of the Saint Valentine's DayMessaca story, Who's always marred and otherwise
(30:45):
incredible episode in Chicago's tumultuous organized crimehistory. It was incredible to note that
no matter what, while it wasa federal case, and then they come
back and say, no, theFIDS thought it was a local police matter.
No they didn't. They were puton the job because of it.
There was such a big murder.You know, we talked a few times
(31:06):
about those child abductions and the Chicagopiece. Remember with Christine. I can't
remember seeing him, and they forceda little boy on her to improve their
reputation. You know, look wefound your little boy and here he is
and she said it was not myson. You know, he'd been abducted.
Yeah, we did that show andthat was the Chicago police, same
people, and they were they werejust such a mess and they were they
(31:30):
were pretty much the hoodlums themselves.That it became like this just a terrible,
terrible, awful, awful thing um. And so nobody does know and
you don't know if anybody's told thetruth. But now we don't even know
if the police account is correct orincorrect or what. So he walked past
I think we need to remember it. They walked past a police car and
then there were two men jest aspolicemen. So what we as the story
(31:53):
of a police car being stolen.Yeah, nobody, nothing was exactly Where
is the story of, you know, where did those uniforms go? If
you found the guns, how isit you didn't find the uniforms? What
happened to that police car? Becauseapart from the fact that we know it
was parked outside because bugs moren kepton walking because he could see the car.
(32:16):
Apart from that, that becomes thisvery big question in this case.
But that's the show for this weekthat you're very much Twitter. I appreciate
your efforts. Oh my gosh,horrible point. How you get that right?
So next week we're going to stillbe in the history zone. Next
week we're looking at She was justshy of five feet tall, all of
(32:37):
a hundred pounds, a part timewaitress and an amateur poet from a poor
Dallas home who was bored with lifeand wanted something more. He was a
fast talking, small time thief froma similar distitute, similarly destitute Dallas family,
who hated poverty and wanted to makea name for himself. And that's
the important part right there. Whenthey meet, they become known as the
(32:58):
infamous Body and Clark. That's usthis way thank you, And now we're
on the laws. History. Partof the fan of there was, you
know, the play. Part ofthe fan of there was that, um,
you know, even if you goback then, they didn't remain the
size these people. You know thatthe police were hindered. I did not
(33:21):
say that it's from history. Okay, the
Welcome everyone to True Crime with Dorothyand how are you very good? Thank
you tonight. We are very excitedto be talking about the Saint Valentine's Day
massacre. And I think people todaydon't realize that it was never solved,
so it's actually an unsolved crime now. It's really important to acknowledge that right
(02:02):
at the outset. The Saint Valentine'sDay Massacre remains seared until America's memory.
Is one of its bloodiest episodes anda symbol of the gun violence, bootleg
and criminal underworld that riddled the cityof Chicago during the Prohibition era. In
February the fourteenth, nineteen twenty ninewas a day that would live in infamy
(02:23):
as one of the bloodiest in mobhistory. Seven men gunned down and the
rise of a criminal empire. Onecriminal empire and the fall of another.
The seven members of Bugs Marines Ganwere lined up against the wall and shot
down with Tommy guns. The bloodyincident dramatized the intense rivalry for control of
the illegal liquatrefficking industry. Four men, two wearing police uniforms, pulled up
(02:47):
in a police car, entered thegarage and ordered Marines men to line up
shoulder to shoulder against the wall ofthe garage. They did not put up
a fight because they believed it wasa police rate. The men opened fire
with Thompson submachine guns and a shotgun. A German shepherd dog named high Ball
was tied to a car bumper inthe garage, and luckily he wasn't killed.
(03:08):
I say luckily because it sort ofshows that this site there's such a
brutality and yet that the dog lived. But it wasn't a kindness. It
was the dog couldn't tell anybody,or least they couldn't talk. The killers
undoubtedly had hoped to kill Marine himself, but he was not among the victims.
He was supposed to be there butwas late for the meeting, saw
(03:28):
the police car and walked on by, along with two of his associates.
If they had been in time forthe meeting, one can assume that ten
men would have perished in their massacre. Can you imagine how lucky? Oh
my gosh, interesting. Yeah,he wasn't there at that time. Well,
the fact that he was going there, saw the police car and kept
(03:49):
walking, he must have just feltlike, yeah, yeah. Five of
the victims were bona fide gangsters.Peter and Frank Gunsberg were top enforcement for
Morn gang and as was Albert catchAn ok catch An olk Adam Higher Higher
(04:13):
and was more Moran's business manager,and Albert Win and Albert Winn Shranka managed
various businesses for Morn. Reinhardt Swimmonerwas an optical and an optician who enjoyed
hanging on with hood looms. JohnBay was an auto mechanic who did repair
(04:40):
for the Moran Frank gun discussion.Yeah Okay, who had twenty bullet wounds,
did die, did not die immediately. He was rushed to the hospital
where the police questioned him. Inclassic gangster fashion, he refused to say
judge, and one account has himsaying that the police were responsible for the
(05:05):
shooting, which is consistent with thefact that the two of the Alzelian Assilians
where police officers guns bangers, diedafter three hours after the shooting. Because
it is the interesting thing, youknow, they say he was being gangs
to fashion tight lipt in real tough. But if he's doing it was the
(05:26):
police, and the police are askingyou questions, what are you going to
say? Right, You're not goingto say too much, no no.
The massacres were reported across the countryand deterified the American public and it has
previously viewed gangsters such as Alfacone andas Herrick figures, a line has been
crossed, and political leaders and citizensa like demand a crackdown. President Herbert
(05:51):
Hoover called on his federal law enforcementagencies to bring the the tooks. Justice
is actually entriesting because there wasn't reallymuch of an attempt before that. That's
how they got so powerful. Wasnobody was trying to sort them out from
the start. And of course theChicago police were at this stage had a
(06:13):
terrible reputation for corruption, and soyou put these things together and it was
very much I think Alexa daisical approachby authorities, and it got out of
hand, you know, way wayout of hand. You've got something people
are calling for. Now you've gotall these guys wandering around obviously carrying guns,
threatening people with guns because they're theones with the guns, right,
(06:35):
and even people that try to defendthemselves with the guns didn't have the numbers
or the organization, and so itdidn't matter who they were, they would
probably end up killed. If theydefied the mob if you like, or
the mafia. So quite an interestingperiod of time for American police forces.
(06:56):
It is, and the massacre wasreported across the county and horse right the
American public, and I was itwas a turning point to the public attitude
towards some mob. Before this event, the cop what is it cup Ron
It's particularly was seen by many assomething as a heroic figure in Chicago.
(07:18):
He had a lot of friends amongthe common people and a lot of aliens
in the corridors of power. Hewasn't the only one with celebrity status is
being applied to too many or factsacross the country with with romanticizing idea that
(07:41):
didn't take an account that they wererebels looking after a little guy, but
a powerful gang taking advantage of littleguy in every way possible, which you
know, because all you have tolook at is references to properties being doing
shopkeepers being injured, beaten up,killed because they weren't paying them their protection
(08:05):
money. And unfortunately, when thatsituation arises, the people they need protecting
from as the game that they're payingthe money to. Right, that's right,
you know, which is it's abit of a shocker. As Capone's
biographer Jonathan I wrote about the Messacre, from coast to coast, people suddenly
seemed to be reaching the conclusion thata line had been crossed, that the
(08:26):
violence had become too much to bear. But around the world it was horrible
what was going on through that era, and it was very much literally dog
it dog Arthur William Homer says Caponetoo must have regretted the Messacre because of
its dire effects on his business.The murders made the front page of every
daily paper in the United States andin many foreign countries. Chicago police launched
(08:52):
a great crackdown on the city severalthousand speakeasies, which cost Capone's outfit of
fortune. Another Campone biographer, LaBurgreen eloquently summarized the national reaction. He
wrote, newspapers across the country devotedan unprecedented amount of space to coverage with
the mass murder of seven men,and in the process sold millions of copies.
(09:15):
The event impressed itself into the consciousnessand the history of the nation like
a dark fly in amber. AlCapone was immediately suspected of orchestrating the Messacre,
although he was living in Florida.At the time, Various suspects were
arrested, including Capone associate Jack mcgoon, but authorities couldn't make a charge stick
(09:37):
no kidding. Interesting age suspects wereidentified and a few individuals were arrested,
including Capone bodyguard my machine Gun,Jack mcgun Magoon, but could not build
a good case against anyone and persecutionoccurred. Jack mcgroon hel with the girlfriend.
(10:05):
Jack mcgroons was suspect in massaca,but he had a blonde alibi girlfriend,
Lewis Roalthi Court courtesy of Johnny BlindCollections, leading a leading account as
mcgoon setting up in the massacre bytricking the Moron gang members into showing up
(10:30):
at the Clark Street garage to takea delivery to Canada to off Kennadian whiskey
hijacking from Capone, but others,including morn himself, disputed the storyline.
The police charged mc mcgon i thinkin the massacer, but he provided an
(10:56):
alibi. He said he was inthe hotel with his girlfriend with Rolfi and
the entire the entire day. Thenhe married Rolfie, which allowed her to
avoid having to testify against him.Smart There the press dubbed Rolphi and the
Blondie Alibi. The Cook County Cornerstook more scientific approach of investigating the massacre.
(11:24):
He brought doctor Calvin Goby, apioneer in the new field of bouser
testing. Godon confirmed that two thetwo Tami guns confessions from h Hood Zoom's
house in rural Michigan where used toused in the massacre. Corner Herman Bounced
(11:50):
carefully collected the evidence from the crimescene. He also named the corner's jury
consistency of local business leader. Into a this he gave the murders TJURI
member first Tworjuri's first concerned was thefigure of the whether the police officers actually
were involved in the massacre. Theyhired doctor Calvin Goddard, a pioneer in
(12:16):
Babisti testing from New York to workin the case. This is where it
comes unstuck, really, because ifthe police were involved in some way,
right, then it becomes a questionof would they really try to solve the
case? Right, You've got thatelement in there. The police may have
been involved because get's face it wayback to that very well known fact that
(12:41):
they were so corruptible at the time, and they may have been taken back
handers from al Capone, but itmay not have even been to do with
that. They may have been justover whatever was going on, you know.
So you've got this strange element that'sin there that never got even or
disproved, and yet there is.And I'm not favoring any gangster over another,
(13:05):
but there is. Then they instantlythink this is our Capone. There's
no evidence for that, but theygo after him. And so it's a
nice little deflict if they were actuallythe bad guys, right, Justice thought.
When Goddard did arrive, he waspresented with a massive collection of bullets
and shell casings recovered from the crimescene. Included seventy forty five caliber cartridge
(13:31):
shells. And I want to evenlook at that. How many bullets does
it take to kill seven men standingagainst a wall doing nothing. You know,
they're not running, it's not likeyou're shooting and trying to hit them.
So they literally just let loose anddidn't care, didn't want to.
It's like, it's a real shockerwhen you think of it that way.
He quickly determined the shells had beenfired from Thompson's submachine guns or the Tommy
(13:52):
guns, and he concluded that fiftycartridges had been fired from one Thompson and
twenty from another. That means,out of all the shells they collected,
there are only two people actually firing, and that to me is profound.
So you've got two people dressed aspoliceman, you've got two that are not,
(14:13):
and only two guns. We're firingall of those, but it's only
two guns, and that means onlytwo people. Was it the two people
in uniform? Was it the twopeople not in uniform? So quite a
powerful question I think flows on fromthat. Godard's first task was to answer
the question where the police weapons wereused in the massacre, and of course
(14:35):
I'm like, whatever, if you'rea policeman and you're doing a crime,
you're not going to use your ownweapons. He obtained samples of fired bullets
from several Thompson submachine guns owned bythe Chicago PD, and after he compared
them under a microscope with the slugsremoved from the mood of victims, he
informed the coroner's jury that no policeweapons had been used. And I want
to say, that doesn't mean thepolice weren't involved, right, because they
(14:56):
were taking weapons off people all thetime. This lead investigators to believe the
shooters had worn police uniforms as adisguise. A few months later, which
is convenient, so you can seeI him have been a really nice image
of the Chicago PD in nineteen twentynine. A few months later, the
murder of a sheriff's deputy in ruralMichigan lead to a cash of weapons in
(15:18):
the house of the suspect, FredKiller Burke. I mean, there's a
there's a nickname for your killer,right. Two Tommy guns confiscated from the
house were tested by Goddard and we'reproved to have been used in the massacre.
After the messacre, Fred Killer Burke, and associate of al Capone,
was hiding out in rural Michigan whenhe killed a police officer. Authorities searched
(15:41):
his house when they found the arsenalCalvin Goddard proved that these had been used
in the massacre. But again,we're going it all assumes that the police
weren't involved and didn't plant evidence tomatch their narrative. Yeah, that's right,
Yeah. Yeah. When he movedto Saint Louis, he became a
top member of Egans Egans rasa city'smost notorious crime syndicator. Burke the Burke
(16:10):
committed robberies and contract killing in SaintLouis until a large number of his associates
were jailed. He moved to Michigan, where he was an associate in Detroit.
Detroit's Purple Gang, and he wasa suspect in the murder of three
men in nineteen twenty seven. Herelocated to Chicago, where he hooked up
(16:33):
with al Capone when the Saint Whenthe Saint Valentine's Day massacre accurred in February
fourteen, nineteen twenty nine, Burkewas among the prime suspects. He went
into hiding and in rural Michigan.On December fourteen, two thousand and nineteen
twenty nine, ten months after themassacre, he was involved in a car
accident in Saint Joseph, Michigan,where he was he was known as Frederic
(16:59):
Dane. When port Porton man CharlesKelly tried to intervene, Brooke shot him
dead and took off. He wreckedhis car on the edge of a town,
but comraded another and got away.Police found papers in Brooke's wrecked car
(17:26):
that led them into the house,into his house where they found an our
soul that included two Thompson submachine guns. The guns that abeliviates were delivered to
doctor Calvin Gordon's crime lab in Chicago. God Heard fired fired test bullets from
(17:48):
the Tommy guns and they matched thosetaken from massacres back victims. Chicago police
had the murder weapons, but theystill didn't have any suspects in custody.
America's most wanted man in that timefled into the into the fame, into
the Green City of Missouri. Hepossessed and as a proposed businessman, he
(18:12):
paused. He pauses as prospect businessmannamed Richie F. White. While hiding
out there, Burke married a twentyyear old nurse named Bonnie Porter, and
they lived on a on her father'sfarm. Fred Burke portrayed Fred Killer.
Burke was a prime suspect in themassacre, but was never prosecuted for that
(18:36):
crime. And there becomes another youknow, that whole scenario becomes one of
um trust. I guess you haveto trust that nobody else has any investment
in it at all? And howconvenient you know? So? Again,
would they have been stupid? Enoughto use again in their way to kill
a policeman, just just killing.And these gunfights between the police and the
(19:00):
gangs back then was quite a horrendousthing in itself, right, So you
know, there was definitely the policeand the gangs were in a power struggle,
I suppose, is what I'm thinkingand trying to say. A local
man named Joe Hunsaker studied the newcomerand became convinced that he was really Fred
(19:21):
Burke, whose pictures he had seenin True Detective magazine. Local peace police
initially ignored Hunsakers please to apprehend thefugitive fugitive cop killer, but finally,
in the early morning on March twentysixth of nineteen thirty one, they rated
Burke's house and found him in bear. Burke haad weapons by his side,
but he did not resist the rest. Burke was extradited to Bury and County,
(19:44):
Michigan, where he was convicted ofkilling the police officer and sentenced to
life in prison. He served nineyears in Marquette State Prison before he died
of a heart attack in nineteen forty. He was strongly suspected of participating in
the Valentine's Day massacre, but wasnever prosecuted. And I think we've said
that a few times now. It'svery important because I've read a lot of
blogs that go, you know,this person did it, that person did
(20:07):
it. We know who did it, Actually you don't. Our Capone was
suspected of being a Messica mastermind,but there was no evidence to charge him.
He was in Florida at the timeof the Messaca and claimed he had
nothing to do with it. Hewas never arrested or prosecuted in connection with
the crime or anything to do withthe crime. After about a month after
(20:27):
the Messaca, clearly now the governmentof America's under pressure. The people are
going stop the violence right and doit now? And what are our police
doing? Why are our people suffering? And so this becomes a real serious
problem in Chicago. Our delegation ofprominent Chicagoans meet with newly elected President Hoover
(20:49):
in the White House and urged himstrongly or lobbied him to provide federal assistance
to tackle rempant crime in the WindyCity, much of it attributed to Capone's
kit, but of course he wasn'tthe top dog at that time. Marone
was. So you've got this thinggoing on. They were a bit of
argie bargie between suburbs and central andthat kind of thing. Whoever told his
(21:11):
Attorney General, William D. MissionMitchell to get Capone. But it took
all of this, and even afterthat, it took a lobbyist group to
go and say we've had enough.You know, That's is quite interesting,
tragic, isn't it really, Becausethere's this whole system set up to protect
(21:32):
the people and yet they're really inan out and out battle of making money.
You know, under the table withthe gangs. We'll let the gangs
work as long as they give uskickbacks. It's pretty much what was going
on, and that there's a lotof documentation to support that. So it
still becomes a matter of who didthe actual killing. You know, that's
(21:52):
fine. Capon did end up goingto prison twice soon after the massacre's effective,
ending his rage as a leader ofChicago's organized crime. After the massacer,
Capone was summoned in a national mobconference in Atlantic City, where the
leaders determined that Capone needed to lieto lay low for a while. It
(22:15):
was arranged for him to be arrestedin Philadelphia on a gun possession charge that
resulted in ten months prison term.Meanwhile, the Treasury Department of Special Intelligence
unit had targeted Capone. The intelligenceunits specialized in tax evasion case and after
(22:36):
several years of restless sleuthing in ithad complained enough evidence or compiled enough evidence
to prosecute Capone. El Mare Erieel Erie led the Treasure Department of Special
Intelligence unit known as Teaman and buildthe tax evasion case and put al Capone
(22:57):
in prison. Convicting him would bea dull order. He was one of
the most powerful man in Chicago.He had the police and police politicians in
his pocket, and good luck findinghometown witnesses willing to testifying against him.
Team Man had complied a paper thrillthat short Capone ripping big prophets without being
(23:22):
his fair share. I mean,it's just like a corporation today, really,
right, your lobby, if you'vegot the money and you've got the
power, you lobby the guys whoreally have other types of power and they
protect you. And I know weall know that was going on. So
all of these people were unwilling.They could have done them for tex They
(23:45):
could have done any of those gangsat that time. For tax evasion because
they knew what they were doing,and they knew they had massive incomes,
and there was no way to showthat they'd earned that money or pay taxes
on it. Even the speakings andthe prostitutes, all of that whole industry.
It was bootlegging because it was illegalto drink alcohol. It was prohibition,
(24:06):
and they opened the doors. Sothat leads you to Christian prohibition itself,
the only country in the world totake it on. And you've got
to ask, so why did theytake such an extreme stance because that starts
made billions for gangs. That's right. That was it. That's right.
The authorities were concerned that Capone wouldthreaten to kill two key witnesses. Agents
(24:27):
kept him hidden so out of thestate until it was time for them to
testify, and upon learning that Caponeplanning to temper with a jury, Judge
James Wickleson introduced a new state ofjurors and trial, opening on October seventeen,
nineteen thirty one. The jury foundCapon guilty and he was sentenced so
(24:48):
eleven years in prison, one ofthe most severe tax evasion sentence in history.
Capone served most of the time inthe icetand prison of Alas Alcatraz Love
Alcatraz, famous, famous Alcatraz.Yeah, so it's an interesting time.
(25:11):
The question still remains the same.Who did it right? The consensus choice
is the American Boys, a woodlandcrew out of Saint Louis that worked for
al Capone. It was Capone whogave them the nickname, presumably because they
weren't Italians. A few early cluesimplicated members of this group. First and
eye witness said one of the killerswearing a police uniform head upfront tooth missing,
(25:34):
which Fred the killer Burke was missing. Affront two, seeking to search
for Burke's hideout in rural Michigan,tuned up two Tommy guns that forensic teeth
proved were used in the Messica.Chicago authorities wanted to prosecute Burke for the
Messica because that would be their closestlink to getting al Capone involved, and
they never succeeded in doing either thing. Michigan just wouldn't let him go.
(25:59):
Instead, he was prosecuted there formurdering the police officer, and in November
nineteen thirty one, Cook County CoronerHerman Bunderson officially closed his in quests into
the messacre case, concluding merely thatthe seven men had been murdered. And
of course, you know, sincewhen do you close a murder case like
that by someone? By the way, so they had been murdered by someone.
(26:22):
But four years later, federal agentsarrested a man named Byron Byron Bolton,
who surprised investigators by agreeing to tellall about the messacre. I mean,
now we're getting a bit shoddy.According to verbi reports, Bolton said
the massacre was planned in late nineteentwenty eight at a Wisconsin resort owned by
Fred Goetz, with al Capan,al capone and attendance. Bolton identified the
(26:48):
killers as Fred Getz, Gus Winkler, Fred Burke, Raymond Craneneck Nugent,
and Bob Carrie. He said therewere two lookouts across the street from the
garage, Jimmy the Swede Morand andJimmy mccresson. A number of Chicago investigators
(27:08):
believe that Bolton's story checked out,and it was later corporated by two others,
Iran Iran gotez And, who wasmarried to Fred Gotz, and by
George L. Winkler, who wasmarried to Gas Winkler. Georgette said that
(27:29):
four men who entered the garage andmurdered bugs Moren's gang where Fred Burke and
Fred Gotz and Gas Winkler and RayNugget and Nigent may knew Gent Okay Nna,
And she said Burke and the endGots wielded the Tommy guns into the
(27:52):
massacre and the little lookhouse. Shesaid, were more Morden and Bolton,
who apparently had modified their parts ofhis stories as sold as it not impacted
himself and implicate himself. FBI directorj Edgar Hoover did not act on Bolton's
(28:15):
confession, apparently believing that murders werea local police matter. Arthur never prosecuted
for their roles in the massacre.Most of the American boys paid for their
croup deals. Fred Burke was convincedof killing Michigan's police officer in nineteen thirty
one and spent the rest of hislife in prison. One of the other
(28:37):
interesting things about that is when whenthese so called interviews were taking place,
they were taking place as they prettymuch do today, that they were trying
to convictim of something and here,lets do a deal. Tell us about
this becomes part of the story,and the story did change, but they
had a number of accounts over theyears that altered and changed, and one
(28:59):
has to say, well, let'sask the question then, as are these
the people that were actually responsible forit, because if they were, I
think it would be a lot easierto prove. I really think that it
would have been a lot easier toprove that it was them. There were
certain things of convenience. I'd lookedat the photos of all of these men
that were being so called acute,and they were all gang guys, and
(29:19):
they were all nasty dudes, butit was easy enough to show a person
a photo or if they knew them. They were all dubbing each other,
and it's like they're they're all cowardlyat the end, if you're like,
there's no I'm not going to tellanybody anything. All of the information everybody's
got is from gang members doing dealswith the DA or with the police and
getting themselves out of trouble, throwingsomebody else under the bath. Bob Carey
(29:42):
was shot to death in nineteen thirtytwo and what authorities declared a murder suicide.
Gas Winkler was murdered in nineteen thirtythree, allegedly on Augur's orders of
Chicago Outfit boss franknity Capone's successor,who suspected he was take talking to the
FIDS. Fred Goats was murdered onthe street in Cceo, Illinois in nineteen
(30:03):
thirty four, and Raymond krane NeckNugent was last seen in nineteen thirty with
al Capone in Florida, but thenhe vanished. He's believed to have been
murdered. This is just what wenton. It was always that violent.
It didn't get that violet. Itstarted that violence. It is reasonable to
assume the murders of Winkler and Goats, and possibly Carrie and Nugent with a
(30:23):
result of the Chicago Outfit not wantingto risk the mess care assailants that might
talk. But I don't really seethat either. Now we're talking four or
five years later, they've effectively gotaway with it. That's it, it's
done. But the lack of aspectacular trial to put an exclamation point at
the end of the Saint Valentine's DayMessaca story, Who's always marred and otherwise
(30:45):
incredible episode in Chicago's tumultuous organized crimehistory. It was incredible to note that
no matter what, while it wasa federal case, and then they come
back and say, no, theFIDS thought it was a local police matter.
No they didn't. They were puton the job because of it.
There was such a big murder.You know, we talked a few times
(31:06):
about those child abductions and the Chicagopiece. Remember with Christine. I can't
remember seeing him, and they forceda little boy on her to improve their
reputation. You know, look wefound your little boy and here he is
and she said it was not myson. You know, he'd been abducted.
Yeah, we did that show andthat was the Chicago police, same
people, and they were they werejust such a mess and they were they
(31:30):
were pretty much the hoodlums themselves.That it became like this just a terrible,
terrible, awful, awful thing um. And so nobody does know and
you don't know if anybody's told thetruth. But now we don't even know
if the police account is correct orincorrect or what. So he walked past
I think we need to remember it. They walked past a police car and
then there were two men jest aspolicemen. So what we as the story
(31:53):
of a police car being stolen.Yeah, nobody, nothing was exactly Where
is the story of, you know, where did those uniforms go? If
you found the guns, how isit you didn't find the uniforms? What
happened to that police car? Becauseapart from the fact that we know it
was parked outside because bugs moren kepton walking because he could see the car.
(32:16):
Apart from that, that becomes thisvery big question in this case.
But that's the show for this weekthat you're very much Twitter. I appreciate
your efforts. Oh my gosh,horrible point. How you get that right?
So next week we're going to stillbe in the history zone. Next
week we're looking at She was justshy of five feet tall, all of
(32:37):
a hundred pounds, a part timewaitress and an amateur poet from a poor
Dallas home who was bored with lifeand wanted something more. He was a
fast talking, small time thief froma similar distitute, similarly destitute Dallas family,
who hated poverty and wanted to makea name for himself. And that's
the important part right there. Whenthey meet, they become known as the
(32:58):
infamous Body and Clark. That's usthis way thank you, And now we're
on the laws. History. Partof the fan of there was, you
know, the play. Part ofthe fan of there was that, um,
you know, even if you goback then, they didn't remain the
size these people. You know thatthe police were hindered. I did not
(33:21):
say that it's from history. Okay, the
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