Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
Speaker 1 (00:01):
Here's your channeline weather forecast. Today's beautiful day gonna be
sunny and a high of eighty four with clear skies
every night and drop to fifty nine eighty to high Tomorrow,
sunny skies again clear over night fifty three and partly
cloudy Thursday with a high of eighty four sixty degrees.
Speaker 2 (00:14):
Right now.
Speaker 1 (00:14):
Sign for traffic Chuck.
Speaker 2 (00:16):
From the UC of Traffic Center. The UC Cancer Center
offers person of I prostate cancer care, exclusive clinical trials
and treatments you won't find anywhere else. Call five one
three five eighty five. See see come on be A
parkway shut down due to an accident between Taft and Delta.
Traffic is Headgon Riverside Drive and through Mount Lookout because
(00:39):
of it. There's also a wreck on Alexandria Pike at
the Double A. Chuck ingram on fifty five KRC. The
talk station.
Speaker 1 (00:49):
Is he twenty nine. On Tuesday. It's that time a
week we get to hear from retire Lieutenant Colonel Daniel Davis,
a little segment that he calls in his podcast. Find
it online where you get your podcast. Daniel Davis, Deep Die.
Welcome Backaniel Davis, Love having you on the show. Always
a pleasure to be here, my friend. All right, it
looks like the Ukraine Russian war is now just basically
a war against the civilian population. I noted over the
(01:11):
weekend Russia or Ukraine hit a major thermal power plant
in the city of Belgarod, knocking out one third of
the city's power. It's basically, you know, civilian population. And
I saw one Russian expert, a guy named Mark Gilotti University,
College of London. Power outage in Russian cities are not
just a military problem, They're a political one. Pewtin needs
(01:32):
to maintain the perception of control and stability. If ordinary
Russians start facing rolling blackouts and major urban centers, the
Kremlins narrative of strength unravels. And I know you and
I have talked about the military realities of Ukraine and Russia.
Russia is got got more arms, they got more soldiers,
they got more weapons. Clearly the larger military power. But
(01:54):
behind every military or every military there is a civilian
population that does have a political perception of this. What's
your temperature reading on the Russian people? Their children are
the ones that are dying in this conflict. I don't
know that they are interested in, you know, rebuilding the
former Soviet unions might putin obviously, is I mean, he
(02:16):
would love to go back to the old days of
the Eastern Bloc nations. But do they really have the
Russian people, do they feel like they have a dog
in this fight, that it's worth all the money that's
being and the lives that are lost in this conflict.
Speaker 3 (02:29):
You know, first of all, let me start off with
one of your secondary comments there about what Russia wants,
because it's routinely repeated in the West, the things that
you just mentioned there about what Russia wants. But when
you listen to what the Russians actually say, they do
not want a return to the Siviet Union. As a
matter of fact, Meetia Medvedev again, just I think forty
(02:50):
eight hours ago, said it's ludicrous to suggest that we
want to recreate anything. He said, why would Russia want
to go and take over militarily a decrepit Europe or
you know, the people that are already having so much
trouble economically, nothing but a drain on our count Well
you can add France and that of course are Germany, etc.
Why would we want to add that headache to us.
(03:11):
We gained nothing from it, we have no interest in it,
and they don't have a military capacity capable of even
doing it if they wanted to. So I think that's
a first point. The second point is, and I know
we would love to say that because of these increasing striction,
they definitely are increasing in both the quantity and effectiveness
inside of Russia, and it is, no kidding, starting to
(03:32):
cause some problems inside the country. But we want that
to say that, oh well, as soon as the people
see this, then they'll lose confidence in Russia, and then
it'll be like the US and Vietnam and they'll get
tired of.
Speaker 1 (03:43):
It and then they'll quit.
Speaker 3 (03:44):
But I think that the much more likely outcome would
be the exact opposite. Real it's going to show the
Russian people that I've been telling Russia would say, I've
been telling you from the beginning, this is the entire
West waging war against US through the vehicle of Ukraine.
And now then they're ramping this up, so we need
to double down and.
Speaker 1 (04:04):
Increase our fight.
Speaker 3 (04:05):
There has been a lot of people both in the
military openly have been saying this in some cases that
you know they're upset at Putin, not because he's waging
the war, but because he's not waging the war hard enough.
They're saying, you know, forget about this nibbling stuff. We
have this huge reserve, you said, a three hundred thousand,
why are you not using So they're starting to get
aggravated that he's not pushing hard enough. So we may
(04:27):
find that if we push and this starts to have
enough success, then it could perversely cause Russia to expand
its offensive operation inside of Ukraine. And by the way,
at the same time this is happening in Russia, it
is happening on a much higher scale in Ukraine, and
they are facing a dire situation, especially as we get
into the winter months here, because so much of their
(04:48):
oil infrastructure, their electric power generation capacity, their transportation system
have all continued to take big hits, like last night
with it or not four last with a six hundred
round shot from the air. So this is this is
now expanding beyond just the front lines, but now it's
really expanding into the strategic view as well on both sides.
(05:09):
And this is what modern war looks like.
Speaker 1 (05:10):
Excellent analysis and excellent points you make in retort to
my summary of where I think things are, not where
I think right, just where my perception of things are.
Tory have you, Daniel Davis. But let me ask you this.
You and I talk about the relative strength Russia versus Ukraine,
ignoring the NATO forces that you know, if you bring
them in, that's World War three. So ignoring that. Russians,
(05:34):
of course, they're analysts, their military folks. They can all
have the same conversation and they know full well what
you and I have been talking about for weeks, if
not months. Here we have the military advantage. There's no way.
Maybe they say that NATO's going to join in, because
nobody wants World War three. There's no way they could
even if they wanted to, because they lack the military
(05:55):
hardware and warm bodies to put uniforms on. Their financial
problems are over whelming. Again going back to brief comments
about Germany and France, they're falling apart economically. So to
fund sustain and continue to be a threat, you have
to actually be a threat. And I think it's, you know,
paper tiger kind of stuff. Russia is calling the bluff, right, Yeah,
(06:20):
I do, I think it is.
Speaker 3 (06:21):
And you know, one of the things that President Trump
has been, you know, threatening anyway, is that I will
put all these secondary tariffs on China, India, Brazil, and
more tariffs or sanctions on Russia as long as Europe
stops buying oil and they also do all these secondary sanctions. Well,
you had this past weekend Slovakia and Hungary, who are
(06:42):
the two biggest users of Russian fuel, said categorically they
will not do it because it would be economic suicide
right for them to do so, So that is not
going to happen. And then you have India saying basically
the same thing that even though you have these already
have these twenty five percent tariffs on it's because buying
Russian oil, it would be more costly for us to
(07:03):
do what you say than to stop the Russian oil,
so we won't. And in fact, in some categories they
actually accelerated their purchase of Russian oil at a discounting price.
So the very fundamental thing you want to happen to
influence this economic side is not going to happen because
the participants themselves won't comply. Therefore, there's no threat to
(07:23):
Russia on that regard, and they're going to continue going
with what we have, and now then we're talking about
the capability of our defense industrial base and increasing all
these categories of things for the US. We want to
accelerate it by four three, two to four times in
some categories, which is in one hand pretty good. But
it'll take like into twenty twenty seven if all of
(07:45):
the contracts are signed immediately, and so far almost none
of them have. So you see that we just don't
have the cards to play to force Russia to do anything.
Speaker 1 (07:54):
Well in defense of the countries that continued to buy
Russian oil last time I checked, Daniel Davis, the Chinese
Communist Party represents the biggest existential threat to the United
States of America. We're still buying there's stuff and things,
aren't we, Daniel, aren't we? Elli? Yeah, And we're.
Speaker 3 (08:07):
Still engaged in some forms of economic warfare with the
terraces and everything else. So and that's that's not working
out really great in any regard there either. So you're
just not going to compel the behemoth of China because
they have too many alternatives besides us. So the way
you look, it's not working out well, all right.
Speaker 1 (08:25):
Pivoting over to the war in Gaza, twenty point plans
going to solve everything that was the hope of Donald
Trump yesterday with Mett and Benminett and Yahoo. Hamas has
to give up all of its arms, its infrastructure, its tunnels,
they all have to be destroyed. They promise additional humanitarian
aid into economic development for Gaza, but Hamas can have
no real connection with it, and they also have to
give up all the hostages within forty eight hours to
(08:48):
make this come to come through to get a ceasefire.
Wall Street Journal reported that apparently Hamas has lost control
of some of the groups holding them for weeks, and
so it may be even a little difficult to deliver
on freeing the hostages. Daniel, is this going anywhere? The
notion of a Palestinian state is still an option in
this twenty point plan, surprising me that Israel would be
(09:08):
even go along with something that makes it a possibility.
Speaker 3 (09:12):
Even Yeah, there's lots of land mines in this. I'll
just tell you, I just categorically, I am incredibly eager
and pray to God literally that this works, that the
killing can stop, that we can start the process of
finding an end to the war, not just a ceasefire,
but an actually end by addressing the core issues that
(09:34):
led to the war in the first place. But based
on what the US released from the Witkoff twenty one
point plan before the meeting that Netanyahu pointedly would not
endorse before the meeting happened, and then what he said
on the backside of the meeting with Trump are like
about seventy percent the same, but that thirty percent it's different.
(09:54):
It's pretty categorical and problematic. All of these global leaders.
I just looked right before we came online here. We're
not nearly everybody's universally saying they hope this works somewhere,
but almost all of them, especially the Arab and even
some of the European leaders, are still harping on a
two state solution as the ultimate objective. And you saw
the Yahoo in his UVN speech categorically and pounding on
(10:16):
the desk, said there will be no two state solution.
So I don't know how you get there from here.
If we can start with the end of the war,
then let's work.
Speaker 1 (10:25):
On the hard stuff later. And to that point, I
know you've seen the footage and the photographs Gaza. It's
it's like Dresden in World War two. I mean, it
is a nightmare to behold, so I do.
Speaker 3 (10:42):
Yeah, it is, and you know, and that's that's why
I say, I want this to come to a mercy
of all end. Because there's there's you know, starvation, there's
us sickness. People are dying of avoidable illnesses and stuff
because there's no healthcare system. Kids are getting their limbs
amputated without anesthesia. Is horrific, and all of that stuff
(11:02):
can come to an end. And I pray to God
that they find the political will. And that's what it
is on both sides. And by the way, there's a
bunch of folks inside the net Nahu's government that are
vehemently opposed to this. They want no ceasefire. They only
want a military conquest, and they even add the West
Bank into it. Ben Gevier in particular, he send that
(11:22):
out on x as NETNYA who's talking about this. So
it remains to be seen whether even inside his government
he can bring this to fruition and even if he
wants to.
Speaker 1 (11:31):
Well and real quickly before we ourt company day, Daniel
Davis and you find him online, Daniel Davis deeved, I
would recommend you to do that A lot of countries
stepping up saying we recognize a Palestinian state or that's
their desire. Has anybody picked out where this where geographically
this is supposed to land, and where the Palestinian state's
supposed to go if you ended up with a two
state solution, Daniel Davis.
Speaker 3 (11:51):
Well, I mean, it's supposed to include portions of the
current Gazza strip and the West Bank, but that by
itself is so convoluted no one really knows that. But
there's even a bigger problem of who's actually gonna lead it,
because again Israel has said categorically it's not Harmas and
it's not the palaestin any authority unless they are radically changed,
and the conditions that they put for that radical change
(12:13):
it'd be hard for any people group to agree to.
Speaker 1 (12:15):
So you've also got that problem. Hey, bringing the un
they'll solve the problem, Daniel Davis.
Speaker 3 (12:21):
Yeah, Yeah, it's bringing the guy. That'll be easy because
all they got to do is just yeah, because they
get such a good track record.
Speaker 1 (12:26):
Put their blue hats on and start running things. Sure,
Daniel Davis. Steve Dive, God bless you, sir. I appreciate
you coming on the program and sharing your thoughts with us.
It's always a wonderful experience. I look forward to next Tuesday.
Your next time, Brian, have a great week. Eight forty
to fifty five Care eight forty one fifty five KR
see the talk station, stick around, be right back.
Speaker 3 (12:42):
This is fifty five KARC, an iHeartRadio station.
Speaker 1 (12:46):
So are you're planning a new deck?
Speaker 2 (12:47):
This hy
Here's your channeline weather forecast. Today's beautiful day gonna be
sunny and a high of eighty four with clear skies
every night and drop to fifty nine eighty to high Tomorrow,
sunny skies again clear over night fifty three and partly
cloudy Thursday with a high of eighty four sixty degrees.
Speaker 2 (00:14):
Right now.
Speaker 1 (00:14):
Sign for traffic Chuck.
Speaker 2 (00:16):
From the UC of Traffic Center. The UC Cancer Center
offers person of I prostate cancer care, exclusive clinical trials
and treatments you won't find anywhere else. Call five one
three five eighty five. See see come on be A
parkway shut down due to an accident between Taft and Delta.
Traffic is Headgon Riverside Drive and through Mount Lookout because
(00:39):
of it. There's also a wreck on Alexandria Pike at
the Double A. Chuck ingram on fifty five KRC. The
talk station.
Speaker 1 (00:49):
Is he twenty nine. On Tuesday. It's that time a
week we get to hear from retire Lieutenant Colonel Daniel Davis,
a little segment that he calls in his podcast. Find
it online where you get your podcast. Daniel Davis, Deep Die.
Welcome Backaniel Davis, Love having you on the show. Always
a pleasure to be here, my friend. All right, it
looks like the Ukraine Russian war is now just basically
a war against the civilian population. I noted over the
(01:11):
weekend Russia or Ukraine hit a major thermal power plant
in the city of Belgarod, knocking out one third of
the city's power. It's basically, you know, civilian population. And
I saw one Russian expert, a guy named Mark Gilotti University,
College of London. Power outage in Russian cities are not
just a military problem, They're a political one. Pewtin needs
(01:32):
to maintain the perception of control and stability. If ordinary
Russians start facing rolling blackouts and major urban centers, the
Kremlins narrative of strength unravels. And I know you and
I have talked about the military realities of Ukraine and Russia.
Russia is got got more arms, they got more soldiers,
they got more weapons. Clearly the larger military power. But
(01:54):
behind every military or every military there is a civilian
population that does have a political perception of this. What's
your temperature reading on the Russian people? Their children are
the ones that are dying in this conflict. I don't
know that they are interested in, you know, rebuilding the
former Soviet unions might putin obviously, is I mean, he
(02:16):
would love to go back to the old days of
the Eastern Bloc nations. But do they really have the
Russian people, do they feel like they have a dog
in this fight, that it's worth all the money that's
being and the lives that are lost in this conflict.
Speaker 3 (02:29):
You know, first of all, let me start off with
one of your secondary comments there about what Russia wants,
because it's routinely repeated in the West, the things that
you just mentioned there about what Russia wants. But when
you listen to what the Russians actually say, they do
not want a return to the Siviet Union. As a
matter of fact, Meetia Medvedev again, just I think forty
(02:50):
eight hours ago, said it's ludicrous to suggest that we
want to recreate anything. He said, why would Russia want
to go and take over militarily a decrepit Europe or
you know, the people that are already having so much
trouble economically, nothing but a drain on our count Well
you can add France and that of course are Germany, etc.
Why would we want to add that headache to us.
(03:11):
We gained nothing from it, we have no interest in it,
and they don't have a military capacity capable of even
doing it if they wanted to. So I think that's
a first point. The second point is, and I know
we would love to say that because of these increasing striction,
they definitely are increasing in both the quantity and effectiveness
inside of Russia, and it is, no kidding, starting to
(03:32):
cause some problems inside the country. But we want that
to say that, oh well, as soon as the people
see this, then they'll lose confidence in Russia, and then
it'll be like the US and Vietnam and they'll get
tired of.
Speaker 1 (03:43):
It and then they'll quit.
Speaker 3 (03:44):
But I think that the much more likely outcome would
be the exact opposite. Real it's going to show the
Russian people that I've been telling Russia would say, I've
been telling you from the beginning, this is the entire
West waging war against US through the vehicle of Ukraine.
And now then they're ramping this up, so we need
to double down and.
Speaker 1 (04:04):
Increase our fight.
Speaker 3 (04:05):
There has been a lot of people both in the
military openly have been saying this in some cases that
you know they're upset at Putin, not because he's waging
the war, but because he's not waging the war hard enough.
They're saying, you know, forget about this nibbling stuff. We
have this huge reserve, you said, a three hundred thousand,
why are you not using So they're starting to get
aggravated that he's not pushing hard enough. So we may
(04:27):
find that if we push and this starts to have
enough success, then it could perversely cause Russia to expand
its offensive operation inside of Ukraine. And by the way,
at the same time this is happening in Russia, it
is happening on a much higher scale in Ukraine, and
they are facing a dire situation, especially as we get
into the winter months here, because so much of their
(04:48):
oil infrastructure, their electric power generation capacity, their transportation system
have all continued to take big hits, like last night
with it or not four last with a six hundred
round shot from the air. So this is this is
now expanding beyond just the front lines, but now it's
really expanding into the strategic view as well on both sides.
(05:09):
And this is what modern war looks like.
Speaker 1 (05:10):
Excellent analysis and excellent points you make in retort to
my summary of where I think things are, not where
I think right, just where my perception of things are.
Tory have you, Daniel Davis. But let me ask you this.
You and I talk about the relative strength Russia versus Ukraine,
ignoring the NATO forces that you know, if you bring
them in, that's World War three. So ignoring that. Russians,
(05:34):
of course, they're analysts, their military folks. They can all
have the same conversation and they know full well what
you and I have been talking about for weeks, if
not months. Here we have the military advantage. There's no way.
Maybe they say that NATO's going to join in, because
nobody wants World War three. There's no way they could
even if they wanted to, because they lack the military
(05:55):
hardware and warm bodies to put uniforms on. Their financial
problems are over whelming. Again going back to brief comments
about Germany and France, they're falling apart economically. So to
fund sustain and continue to be a threat, you have
to actually be a threat. And I think it's, you know,
paper tiger kind of stuff. Russia is calling the bluff, right, Yeah,
(06:20):
I do, I think it is.
Speaker 3 (06:21):
And you know, one of the things that President Trump
has been, you know, threatening anyway, is that I will
put all these secondary tariffs on China, India, Brazil, and
more tariffs or sanctions on Russia as long as Europe
stops buying oil and they also do all these secondary sanctions. Well,
you had this past weekend Slovakia and Hungary, who are
(06:42):
the two biggest users of Russian fuel, said categorically they
will not do it because it would be economic suicide
right for them to do so, So that is not
going to happen. And then you have India saying basically
the same thing that even though you have these already
have these twenty five percent tariffs on it's because buying
Russian oil, it would be more costly for us to
(07:03):
do what you say than to stop the Russian oil,
so we won't. And in fact, in some categories they
actually accelerated their purchase of Russian oil at a discounting price.
So the very fundamental thing you want to happen to
influence this economic side is not going to happen because
the participants themselves won't comply. Therefore, there's no threat to
(07:23):
Russia on that regard, and they're going to continue going
with what we have, and now then we're talking about
the capability of our defense industrial base and increasing all
these categories of things for the US. We want to
accelerate it by four three, two to four times in
some categories, which is in one hand pretty good. But
it'll take like into twenty twenty seven if all of
(07:45):
the contracts are signed immediately, and so far almost none
of them have. So you see that we just don't
have the cards to play to force Russia to do anything.
Speaker 1 (07:54):
Well in defense of the countries that continued to buy
Russian oil last time I checked, Daniel Davis, the Chinese
Communist Party represents the biggest existential threat to the United
States of America. We're still buying there's stuff and things,
aren't we, Daniel, aren't we? Elli? Yeah, And we're.
Speaker 3 (08:07):
Still engaged in some forms of economic warfare with the
terraces and everything else. So and that's that's not working
out really great in any regard there either. So you're
just not going to compel the behemoth of China because
they have too many alternatives besides us. So the way
you look, it's not working out well, all right.
Speaker 1 (08:25):
Pivoting over to the war in Gaza, twenty point plans
going to solve everything that was the hope of Donald
Trump yesterday with Mett and Benminett and Yahoo. Hamas has
to give up all of its arms, its infrastructure, its tunnels,
they all have to be destroyed. They promise additional humanitarian
aid into economic development for Gaza, but Hamas can have
no real connection with it, and they also have to
give up all the hostages within forty eight hours to
(08:48):
make this come to come through to get a ceasefire.
Wall Street Journal reported that apparently Hamas has lost control
of some of the groups holding them for weeks, and
so it may be even a little difficult to deliver
on freeing the hostages. Daniel, is this going anywhere? The
notion of a Palestinian state is still an option in
this twenty point plan, surprising me that Israel would be
(09:08):
even go along with something that makes it a possibility.
Speaker 3 (09:12):
Even Yeah, there's lots of land mines in this. I'll
just tell you, I just categorically, I am incredibly eager
and pray to God literally that this works, that the
killing can stop, that we can start the process of
finding an end to the war, not just a ceasefire,
but an actually end by addressing the core issues that
(09:34):
led to the war in the first place. But based
on what the US released from the Witkoff twenty one
point plan before the meeting that Netanyahu pointedly would not
endorse before the meeting happened, and then what he said
on the backside of the meeting with Trump are like
about seventy percent the same, but that thirty percent it's different.
(09:54):
It's pretty categorical and problematic. All of these global leaders.
I just looked right before we came online here. We're
not nearly everybody's universally saying they hope this works somewhere,
but almost all of them, especially the Arab and even
some of the European leaders, are still harping on a
two state solution as the ultimate objective. And you saw
the Yahoo in his UVN speech categorically and pounding on
(10:16):
the desk, said there will be no two state solution.
So I don't know how you get there from here.
If we can start with the end of the war,
then let's work.
Speaker 1 (10:25):
On the hard stuff later. And to that point, I
know you've seen the footage and the photographs Gaza. It's
it's like Dresden in World War two. I mean, it
is a nightmare to behold, so I do.
Speaker 3 (10:42):
Yeah, it is, and you know, and that's that's why
I say, I want this to come to a mercy
of all end. Because there's there's you know, starvation, there's
us sickness. People are dying of avoidable illnesses and stuff
because there's no healthcare system. Kids are getting their limbs
amputated without anesthesia. Is horrific, and all of that stuff
(11:02):
can come to an end. And I pray to God
that they find the political will. And that's what it
is on both sides. And by the way, there's a
bunch of folks inside the net Nahu's government that are
vehemently opposed to this. They want no ceasefire. They only
want a military conquest, and they even add the West
Bank into it. Ben Gevier in particular, he send that
(11:22):
out on x as NETNYA who's talking about this. So
it remains to be seen whether even inside his government
he can bring this to fruition and even if he
wants to.
Speaker 1 (11:31):
Well and real quickly before we ourt company day, Daniel
Davis and you find him online, Daniel Davis deeved, I
would recommend you to do that A lot of countries
stepping up saying we recognize a Palestinian state or that's
their desire. Has anybody picked out where this where geographically
this is supposed to land, and where the Palestinian state's
supposed to go if you ended up with a two
state solution, Daniel Davis.
Speaker 3 (11:51):
Well, I mean, it's supposed to include portions of the
current Gazza strip and the West Bank, but that by
itself is so convoluted no one really knows that. But
there's even a bigger problem of who's actually gonna lead it,
because again Israel has said categorically it's not Harmas and
it's not the palaestin any authority unless they are radically changed,
and the conditions that they put for that radical change
(12:13):
it'd be hard for any people group to agree to.
Speaker 1 (12:15):
So you've also got that problem. Hey, bringing the un
they'll solve the problem, Daniel Davis.
Speaker 3 (12:21):
Yeah, Yeah, it's bringing the guy. That'll be easy because
all they got to do is just yeah, because they
get such a good track record.
Speaker 1 (12:26):
Put their blue hats on and start running things. Sure,
Daniel Davis. Steve Dive, God bless you, sir. I appreciate
you coming on the program and sharing your thoughts with us.
It's always a wonderful experience. I look forward to next Tuesday.
Your next time, Brian, have a great week. Eight forty
to fifty five Care eight forty one fifty five KR
see the talk station, stick around, be right back.
Speaker 3 (12:42):
This is fifty five KARC, an iHeartRadio station.
Speaker 1 (12:46):
So are you're planning a new deck?
Speaker 2 (12:47):
This hy
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Cardiac Cowboys
The heart was always off-limits to surgeons. Cutting into it spelled instant death for the patient. That is, until a ragtag group of doctors scattered across the Midwest and Texas decided to throw out the rule book. Working in makeshift laboratories and home garages, using medical devices made from scavenged machine parts and beer tubes, these men and women invented the field of open heart surgery. Odds are, someone you know is alive because of them. So why has history left them behind? Presented by Chris Pine, CARDIAC COWBOYS tells the gripping true story behind the birth of heart surgery, and the young, Greatest Generation doctors who made it happen. For years, they competed and feuded, racing to be the first, the best, and the most prolific. Some appeared on the cover of Time Magazine, operated on kings and advised presidents. Others ended up disgraced, penniless, and convicted of felonies. Together, they ignited a revolution in medicine, and changed the world.