Lady Anne Blunt, Part 1

Anne was the daughter of Ada Lovelace (and the granddaughter of Lord Byron). While she was born into England’s aristocracy in the 19th century, her work breeding horses is what gives her life historical significance. 

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Episode Transcript

Speaker 1 (00:01):
Welcome to steph you missed in history Class from how
Stuff Works dot com. Hello and welcome to the podcast.
I'm Holly Fry and I'm Tracey Vie Wilson. Today's show
is a listener request that is from Katie from quite
a while back. So my apologies that it takes so long,

(00:22):
but as you guys know, our list is a mile long. Uh.
And this particular show is about a woman who was
born into England's aristocracy in the nineteenth century and whose
work breeding horses has had an impact that has still
felt today. And this is part one of two. This
is also an example of not a sad royal childhood,
but a sad aristocratic childhood and adulthood. It serves, at

(00:45):
least for me, as one of those great reminders that
even people who seem to live a charmed life and
have the ultimate in privilege are often dealing with plenty
of their own problems. So also a heads up if
you are listening with younger history buffs. There is a
lot of talk of adultery in both of these episodes,
so be prepared. We are going to talk today about
a woman who came to be known as the Lady

(01:06):
of horses. Lady Anne Blunt. She was born September thirty
seven and anything but humble beginnings. Her parents were Lord
and Lady King, the Earl and Countess of Lovelace. Her mother,
you would know more commonly as Ada Lovelace, the daughter
of George Gordon, Lord Byron. Lady Anne, the granddaughter of

(01:27):
Lord Byron, was born Lady Anne Isabella Noel King was
called Annabella as a child. She later chose to go
by Anne. And if you listen to the episode in
our archive that Katy and Sarah did about Ada Lovelace,
you know that she continued to study numbers and her
scientific interests after her children were born, and both Aida
and her husband, William King, wanted Anne to be more

(01:49):
than an idle woman of privilege and to be a thinker.
Ada Lovelace's mother, Lady Byron, who had been married to
Lord Byron, was deeply involved in the household and had
a significant voice in Anne's upbringing. But although she had
these three adults who all had distinct hopes for her,
in reality, Anne was being raised by governesses and nanny's

(02:10):
more than her parents or her grandmother. It does seem
like Lady Byron was deferred to on a lot of
decisions regarding the children's upbringing, no doubt because she was
also paying for most of the family's living expenses. Lady
byron AT's grandmother made all the decisions regarding the tutors
and the governesses, and in selecting the guiding ideologies of

(02:31):
how Anne and her brother's Byron and Ralph were going
to be raised and educated. Biographer H. V. F. Winstone
wrote of Lady Anne's childhood the following quote, and for
her part, was destined hardly to know her obsessive mother
or indeed her father. Her grandmother's power over her, however,
was to prove almost absolute. As Ada Lovelace and became

(02:53):
consumed by both an ongoing illness and her obsession with
her work. Her involvement with her children can tinued to wayne.
She called her daughter and her son's Lady Byron's grandchildren,
rather than talking about them as her own children, and
she once wrote a motherhood quote, Unfortunately, every year adds
to my utter want of pleasure, and my children they

(03:16):
are to me irksome duties and nothing more poor things.
I am sorry for them. They will at least find
me a harmless and inoffensive parent, if nothing more. Yeah,
the story of Ada Lovelace in her later years is
quite sad, and she of course develops a gambling problem
and some other issues of impulse control, and her illness
takes as toll on her. So in some ways probably

(03:38):
quite good. She was not around her kids that much,
but there was still a very real absence that was felt.
And Anne began keeping a journal when she was ten,
and that was something she continued to do for the
rest of her life, although there are some gaps here
and there, and there are also some instances during particularly
painful periods where the pages of her diary were torn

(03:58):
out from a very early age and was drawn to nature.
Plants and animals held just an endless fascination for her.
She took lessons in singing, art German, French, and playing
a variety of musical instruments. Her artistic talents were cultivated
to the point where she became very good at both
drawing and painting. She studied with John Ruskin, who became

(04:21):
one of the Victorian art scenes most influential critics, and
she did that at the arrangement of her grandmother. While
he's often cited as her art teacher, though a much
greater influence on her was engraver Tom Boys, who filled
in for Ruskin while he was too busy to see
to his students. Once she started to receive instruction from Boys,
as drawings and watercolors became a lot more numerous and

(04:44):
a lot more accomplished. When Lady Anne was fifteen, her mother,
Ada Lovelace, died of uterine cancer, and at this point
her father became more involved in Anne's life. Lovelace's relationship
with Lady Byron, who he had originally been quite close
with uh I think in the previous episode from the
archive they actually joke about how he just seemed to

(05:05):
love his mother in law and they had like this
great relationship, but it did not last. That relationship deteriorated
in those years leading up to AIDA's death, and after
she died, he began hiring governesses and tutors to look
after Anne on his own, without Lady Byron's input. Ann's
father did reach out to Lady Byron on numerous occasions,

(05:26):
trying to smooth things over a little, but the tensions
between them remained. And corresponded regularly with her grandmother and
was sometimes caught in the middle of these two adults,
as Lady Byron sent her advice that was intended to
continue her upbringing in the way she would have managed
if she were still in charge and encouraged the teenage
and to manipulate her father. And to be fair, she

(05:50):
was trying to manipulate. She was trying to get and
to manipulate her father to do the sorts of things
that she thought were best for her upbringing. She was
not trying to get her to manipulate her father to
like by her extravagant clip, No, not at all. It
was definitely all about like what she thought was correct
in her education and her um you know, social activities

(06:11):
and those kinds of things. And to that end, in
eighteen fifty four, Ann and her father took a trip together,
visiting Switzerland and Italy and meeting up with family friends
and occasionally her brothers along the way. And this trip
was something that Lady Byron had desperately wanted. Anne was
going to see great artwork and here the finest music,
and study along the way and learn about the world,

(06:33):
and all of that was endorsed by and encouraged by
her grandmother. And after the journey was over and actually
went to stay with Lady Byron in Cavendish Square. Lady
Byron's influence definitely colored Anne's perceptions of her father, at
least for a time. At the age of eighteen, Lady
Anne wrote the following poem after an afternoon spent with

(06:53):
her father yesterday for three hours, I was walked of
every pleasure, balked. I thought, Pop, you did not want me.
You ought, my dear on such occasion to inquire you
might more eagerness have shown me norals to see and
to admire. And we're going to talk about how Lady
Anne's view of her father shifted a little bit after

(07:14):
Lady Byron died. But first we are going to have
a quick sponsor break. As the eighteen fifties wore on,
Lady Byron, who was elderly at this point, became quite
ill and she was unable to do a whole lot.
And so at the same time, relatives saw to it

(07:34):
that Anne was kept very busy socially. She was much
in demand as a young eligible woman from such a
noteworthy family. But Anne stayed really devoted to her grandmother,
and when Lady Byron died in May of eighteen sixty.
It was Anne who wrote all of the letters notifying
lawyers and relatives and friends of her passing. Eventually, Anne

(07:55):
seems to want to adopt the very best views of
the people in her life in spite of all this
squabbles that they had with one another. She wrote to
a friend several years after Lady Byron died that she
felt like she needed to defend her, but also that
she felt like her family matriarch had been wrong in
her opinion of Ann's father. She wanted to believe the
things that her father told her about her mother and

(08:17):
had a sense that there was a lot of unknown
history and hurt among the three of them. But she
also believed that the mystery she was living with overall
of us was a lot more painful than if she
had just known the whole truth. Yeah, her brothers had
a variety of issues as well, and she kind of
framed it as though, like, Hey, I bet if all
of our weird family secrets were out, none of us
would have the hang ups um and one of the

(08:41):
other things that happened in the eighteen sixties in Lady
Anne's life was really interesting to me and actually has
ongoing import and impact in the modern world. So Lady
Anne was particularly adept at playing the violin. She studied
with the Bohemian violinist and composer Leopold Jansa, and it
was with his urging that she made a significant investment.

(09:03):
In eighteen sixty five, she purchased a Stratavarius violin that
had been made in seventeen twenty one and was refurbished
by Jehan Baptiste Velm. That refurbishment was minor, it was
very carefully executed. Um had reset the neck and had
been extremely meticulous to preserve the instrument and it's very
pristine state as closely as possible. This particular instrument has

(09:26):
become known as the Lady Blunt Strata Areas and today
it's considered to be one of the best preserved and
rarest instruments made by Antonio Strativari, and part because it's
been played very little and looks as it did the
day that it was completed. It's changed hands many times,
and in twenty eleven it was sold at auction by
the Topon Music Foundation, with the proceeds from this record

(09:49):
breaking fifteen point nine million dollar sale going to the
relief efforts for the victims of the tsunami and earthquake
that hit Japan that year. Yeah, there are some interesting
videos online and around, like when the auction was about
to happen, and listening to people wax rhapsodic about this
instrument is really really fascinating and quite poetic because they
clearly have such an appreciation for it as a piece

(10:11):
of art, and it's pretty cool. If you're interested, go
look at it. Uh. Next, we're going to get to
the significant person that shaped the course of Lady Ann's
life for a long time. Lady and met Wilfred's Gawin
Blunt in eighteen sixty six, and Wilfred had been born
in August seventeen, eighteen forty, so he was twenty six
at the time. She was a little into her thirties.

(10:34):
He was working in a foreign office job to make
ends meet, and he had joined the diplomatic service when
he was eighteen, and just eight years in he was
already really tired of holding down a job. Blunt was
a rake. He was a bit politically rebellious, and that
he was anti imperialist. He was also pursued for his
good looks. We had a lot of women who were

(10:56):
attracted to him. It's somewhat surprising that Anne didn't met
him earlier because they had all these connections through family friends.
But they actually met in Italy in spite of all
of their overlapping social lives. In England, Olympia Usudum, the
daughter of Sir John Malcolm, introduced Anne and Wilfred, and
this was not by chance. Olympia had told Blunt that

(11:18):
she was going to find him a wealthy wife so
that he could escape his daily toil get some real stability.
And lady Anne was wealthy. She was interesting, she was
educated in art and music. She had also age to
the point that it was a little weird that she
had not married yet. But Blunt was also involved, to
various degrees with an assortment of other European social lights

(11:40):
at the time, some of whom were married, and while
he did seem to enjoy meeting Anne, it wasn't really fireworks.
While preparing for a trip to Argentina the following year, Blunt,
probably hoping to just provide for his own future, wrote
and a letter claiming that he had considered proposing to
her in Italy and that he regretted he had regretted

(12:01):
not doing that ever since it happened. Anne was not
exactly taken in by this and replied that she might be,
to quote, doubting and hesitating in her nature, to be
a good match for him. And while Wilfred was still
traveling in the winter of eighteen sixty eight, his brother
Frances and his sister Alice spent Christmas with Anne in
northern Italy, and Francis and Alice really loved Anne. They

(12:23):
were so excited at the prospect that maybe she might
become part of their family. And meanwhile, almost all of
Wilfred's friends and even his paramours encouraged him strongly to
pursue this marriage with lady Anne because it was going
to be for his own good. When he and Anne
finally met up in England again in the spring of
eighteen sixty nine, she finally agreed to his proposal and

(12:45):
their marriage took place on June eighth of eighteen sixty nine.
One of Blunt's lovers, Ella Baird, spent the whole ceremony
crying and marrying Anne. Wilfrid had secured his fortune. He
had married a very wealthy woman, and entering into this
marriage also increased the annual allowance that he received through
an inheritance of his own more than fourfold. So by

(13:08):
getting married, that inheritance that he already had went from
seven hundred pounds to three thousand pounds a year. Yeah,
there are lots of stories of inheritances that are predicated
on those kinds of rules, like, oh, as long as
you're still a single cad, you can only have this.
But if you settle down, you're gonna need more for
a family and wife, so you'll get more money, which

(13:30):
is why men like Wilfred are like, man, I gotta
find me a wife. Uh. For her part, Lady Anne's
own account of their courtship and their wedding was almost
void of emotion or any sort of romantic embellishment when
she wrote about it. She entered the details of their
wedding day in her diary, but it is all very factual.

(13:52):
It's about what times things happened, who their attendants were,
and what time the post ceremony breakfast ended. But there's
definitely no swooning. There's no uh sort of blushing bride
excitement recorded in it, or even a description of her
new husband. This could just be because Lady anne was
also dealing with a huge family scandal at the same time.
Harriet Beecher Stowe's essay Lady Byron Vindicated was published just

(14:17):
days before Anne and Wilfred were married, and in this essay,
Stow said that Lady Byron separated from her husband after
he had an incestuous affair with his half sister. Lady
Anne was hounded by the press for some kind of
statement on this matter. She wrote letters to the press
recalling what she could from her youth, but ultimately she

(14:37):
and Wilfrid left for their honeymoon while reporters were still
just after them for more information than she could possibly offer.
On top of whether she could offer it. Seriously, she
just got married. Leave her alone. Yeah. Well, and it's
one of those things where she never met Lord Byron.
He was gone before she was born. And as we

(14:58):
mentioned earlier, her family we kept a lot of weird secrets,
and there were these weird, you know, sort of half
histories that were shared, and there was some distance from
the children to begin with. So she was like, I
don't know, my grandmother was very Strictum, she didn't really
have a lot that she could could offer. She just
wanted to give the press whatever it took for them

(15:19):
to leave her alone and quiet the story because it was,
you know, horrible incests scandal in the family of Lord Byron,
who was a huge figure in England. It just was
what a horrible thing to go through when you're trying
to get married. But that marriage was also tainted from
the beginning, unfortunately, so first by that scandal, which really

(15:41):
kind of overshadowed the entire wedding, but then by several miscarriages,
which Wilfred blamed entirely on Ann. It seemed as though
they tried to have kids immediately um and in the
accounts of their travels on their honeymoon, which went on
for a while, there were kind of hints that something
was going wrong, that she may be carrying a child

(16:02):
and losing it on several different occasions, and this of
course led to strain and conflict between them, and soon
Wilfred just went ahead and started seeing other women, including
his friend Ella Beard, that paramore who had cried through
their whole wedding. In eighteen sixty nine, Wilfred was offered
a job at the Foreign Offices St. Petersburg Branch, and

(16:24):
he turned it down and retired completely by the year's end.
By the end of their first year together, Wilfred and
Ann were spending periods of time apart, but they were
splitting their time largely between England and France, just not
usually on the same schedule and not usually in the
same places. This was not something Anne was a fan of,
but Wilfred liked having time away from his wife, presumably

(16:46):
to pursue other women. And at the end of eighteen
seventy the Blunts, who had barely managed to escape the
Siege of Paris and make it back to England, had
their first child, and it was a boy named Wilfred
after his father. But the baby died just a few
days later, and while Anne's account in her diary is
similarly dispassionate to that of her wedding account, giving only

(17:07):
the details and no indication of her grief, both she
and her husband were really quite devastated. They continued to
try to have another child, and after another miscarriage, they
had the premature birth of twin girls, who died shortly
after they were born. In eighteen seventy two, Wilfred and
Lady Anne inherited a property in Sussex called Crabbit Park,

(17:28):
and she turned the estate there into the home of
horse Breeding Farm and worked on refurbishing the tutor house there.
But Anne was soon pregnant again and they returned to
their home in London in the hopes that a quiet
pregnancy free of travel might finally prove successful. We are
about to talk about a change in fortunes for the Blunts,
but first we'll have another quick word for a sponsor.

(17:58):
On February six seventy three, Lady Anne gave birth to
a daughter, Judith and Dorothea Blunt, who was one month premature.
Judith was the only one of Anne and Wilfrid's children
to survive into adulthood. Wilfrid was pretty open about his
disappointment that they had not had a boy survived instead
of a girl, but Anne was simply happy to have

(18:19):
a healthy child at last. After Judith was born, the
Blunt's returned to their work at Crabbit Farm, and they
started to focus on one of the things that did
truly unite the two of them, and that was their
desire to breed horses that incorporated Arabian bloodlines into English stock.
In eight seventy three, they traveled to Turkey just the
two of them, and they purchased the first of their

(18:40):
acquisitions towards this goal. Although that first horse was not
up here Arabian, it was perhaps more like a honeymoon
than their first honeymoon had been, and described herself on
this trip as being almost too happy. But shortly after
they returned to England the magic was gone. Wilfred moved
one of his par Moore's, Minnie Pollen, and her husband,

(19:02):
into one of the homes that he owned, and he
set up an arrangement where she Many would care for
Judas when he and Anne were traveling. He believed that
neither Anne nor Minnie's husband were aware that he and
Many had orchestrated this whole thing so that they could
have easy access to one another, and this arrangement went
on for fifteen years. After Wilfred got himself into a

(19:24):
series of problematic and scandalous tangles with other women, he
swore off of his philandering and became more deeply religious,
and he also became more serious about the horse breeding
that he was doing with his wife. The Blunts started
to brainstorm how they could bring some of the best
Arabian horses they could find to England to breed at
crowd A Park. In eighteen seventy seven, the Blunts, both

(19:48):
of whom were really interested in Arab culture as well
as horses, began a tour of the Middle East, and
they traveled first to Beirut and then across Syria's northern region,
and then they turned south to make their way to
Bagdad via Mesopotamia. James Henry Skeeny, who was serving as
the British consul in Aleppo, became a friend and mapped
out a plan for the travels that the two of

(20:09):
them were making in the region. Their desires for horses
lined up really closely with those of Skeenny, and he
also had the idea that strong Arabian stock should be
shipped to England to invigorate the English thoroughbred bloodlines. And
Lady Anne and Wilfrid Blunt, even though they had this
person who lived and worked there, were kind of ill

(20:29):
prepared for this whole enterprise. Initially, they spoke only the
most rudimentary Arabic, just a few words here and there,
and they did not really have an understanding of the
very complex relationships and conflicts among the Bedouin tribes of
the area. Lady Anne recognized the disadvantage that they had,
and she had also been given a book on horses

(20:50):
that was written in Arabic, so she made a very
serious effort to learn the language to the point of fluency.
She also started forging relationships with the locals so they
wouldn't be regarded as just ignorant outsiders. Yeah, she was
really really good at forging relationships and basically like meeting
a person and getting in good with him, and then
he would say like, hey, you know, there's another man

(21:13):
that is like three miles away, but if you can
get to where he is, he has some great horses
and tell him I sent you, and sort of forming
these chain relationships where she would say the right name
to the right person and they would realize like, oh, yes,
you are someone we can trust. And her efforts really
were rewarded. The Blunts, and specifically Lady Anne came to
be accepted and even trusted by the Bedouins that they

(21:35):
visited and purchased horses from. There's even a story that
there were some translation projects that she worked on with
people while she traveled, and moreover, An found a very
deep sense of happiness as they traveled through the desert.
For one, she had surpassed the age at which her
mother died, which she never expected to do. There's actually
a story that when Ada Lovelace was on her deathbed,

(21:59):
she said to daughter, you will never live past forty,
which is a terrible thing to do. So lady Anne
was quite surprised that she was in her forties and
in the desert having an absolute delight of a time
searching for horses. But that was the other thing that
really also gave her this sense of happiness. She felt
as though she had found her true calling. They returned

(22:19):
to England in May of eighteen seventy eight, and they
waited for their new horses to arrive. In the meantime,
and at Wilfrid's urging, compiled all of her notes and
diaries into a book that was called The Bedouin Tribes
of the Euphrates, which was published in eighteen seventy nine.
Wilfred claimed partial authorship of this book, even though he
really did not do a lot of the work. Yeah,

(22:41):
there's a story in in the biography that I was
reading that they're they're out traveling when this one publishes,
and someone says, oh, and your book is We saw
your book in a bookstore, and he's like, it's our book.
He's sort of a due. Almost as soon as those

(23:02):
new horses arrived and were settled and the breeding program
was really underway, Wilfred started to feel restless, so he
and Anne planned to return to the desert, this time
traveling more deeply into the central Arabian area that was
known at the time as Nudged. They left in November
eighteen seventy nine, and they were in Beirut by early December.

(23:24):
The diaries of this second trip became the basis of
A's second book, which was titled A Pilgrimage to Nidged,
which was published in eighteen eighty one. Lady Anne was
actually the first European woman on record that crossed the
Northern Arabian Desert, but second trip was a lot more
difficult than the first. This was partially because they were
journeying into less traveled and more dangerous territory, but there

(23:46):
were other problems as well. Violent storms slowed their progress
at the Persia, and when Wilfrid got the idea that
he would hunt Bore, one of their intended targets became enraged,
charged and gravely injured one of the mayors that they
were traveling with. After they recovered from this whole incident
and treated the horse, Wilfred started having bouts of illness

(24:08):
and eventually started having seizures. Yeah, Lady Anne's diaries at
this point, like she clearly was so upset by the
whole thing where he was just sort of almost crazed
about shooting things while they were traveling, and she was
yelling like, hey, the mayor is injured and they were
still just having to deal with this wild boar that
was charging them, and it definitely unsettled her nerves for

(24:32):
a bit. Um Wilfred, in the meantime, did recover enough
that they were able to make their way to the
summer capital of British India, which was Shimla, and they
were met there by friends and they actually stayed there
for several weeks. It was pretty vacation e at that point,
before they headed to Bombay and then they made their
way home in the last weeks of July. Both of
the books that we mentioned are illustrated by Lady Anne herself.

(24:55):
Her skills as a very speedy and precise sketch artist
which she honed in childhood, served her really well as
a means to record their travels. She drew everything from
landscapes of the areas that they traveled through to detailed
diagrams of the horses that they looked at as possible stock.
And while these detailed travel journals provide records of the
Blunt's experiences and the horse stock that they were looking at,

(25:18):
they were also invaluable in offering more information about Bedouin
life than Europeans had ever known. Because of Anne's unprecedented
relationships with the various tribes, she was able to include
details about the religion and history of the people in
the area, as well as how the various tribal groups
interacted with one another. Her writing and sketches were so

(25:39):
thorough that they were used by twentieth century cartographers to
create maps of the area with new details built in.
Illustrator Edward Stanford made a map in the late nineteen
forties that showed Lady Anne's travel route, but also featured
details like where Bedouin tribes set up camps for winter
and what roots were being used during the Hajj to

(26:00):
reach Mecca. The last months of eighteen seventy nine were
marked by a significant shift for both Anne and Wilfred,
and who had spent all of that time in the
desert really reflecting on her life and doing a lot
of soul searching and deep thinking, decided that she was
going to convert to Catholicism, and Wilfred went right back

(26:20):
to the adulterous ways that he swore off before they
started all of their travel in the Middle East. For
Lady and this really marks a turning point, becoming a
confirmed Catholic flu in the face of everything that her grandmother,
Lady Byron, believed so in her early forties and was
just stepping into a new phase of her life. Yeah,
to me, it's such a moment where she casts off

(26:42):
the expectations of her grandmother, who she really considered, even
though she had been gone at that point for a while,
and sort of makes a decision for herself that she
knows would not have been in line with those desires
and expectations. And that is actually where we're gonna end
this episode. Uh, the next one is going to delve
into Lady Anne's ongoing work with horse breeding and unfortunately,

(27:05):
the ongoing drama that her husband brought into her life.
Do you also have listener mail for us? I do,
and it does not evolve drama or horrible nous at all,
but something fabulous and art. Uh. This is from our listener, Vivian,
and she writes, Dear Tracy and Holly, thank you for
the terrific podcast. She recently went on a trip and

(27:26):
she listened to our podcast helps stay sane, in her words,
And while she was traveling, she had the privilege of
interning at the Walter Anderson Museum of Art. The museum
holds thousands of artifacts from the late artist. Walter Anderson
was an artist, writer, and philosopher who resided in Mississippi
for his adult life. He was heavily influenced by nature,
and he was spent months on Horn Island, a Gulf

(27:47):
barrier island, drawing and painting his surroundings. She's suggesting him
as a podcast topic. I'll put on the list. Never
know when we'll get there. But she also sent us
a really lovely gift. She said, I've sent you, guys
reproductions of Walter Anderson's art The Oakhead Cat and the
original was created in nineteen and these were created to
commemorate the ninetieth anniversary of the founding of Sheerwater Pottery,

(28:09):
a ceramics company founded by Walter Anderson's brother Peter. And
they are absolutely lovely little cat sculptures. I'm holding one
up and I don't know. They're really cool. And because
I sure do you love kitties, I love this and
it's going on my mantle with my other cats sculptures.
Thank you so much, Vivian, I really appreciate it. It
is such a delight. She concluded her postcard by saying,

(28:31):
I hope you enjoy the cats as much as I've
enjoyed the show. I think that is a fair statement.
I love them, and the postcard is a beautiful piece
of art with colorful cats on it interspersed when a
very beautiful black cat. So thank you, thank you, thank
you so much. I really appreciate it. I know Tracy
does as well, So pretty do you would like to
write to us, You can do so at History Podcast

(28:51):
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(29:15):
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