Unearthed! Autumn 2022, Part 1

Episode Transcript
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Speaker 1 (00:01):
Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class, a production
of I Heart Radio. Hello, and welcome to the podcast.
I'm Tracy V. Wilson and I'm Holly Frying. It's time
for our latest installment of Unearthed. If you're new to

(00:21):
the show, this is when, four times a year now
we look at things that have been literally or figuratively
unearthed over the last three months. Even though this episode
is coming out at the start of November, the period
of time that it is covering is July, August September.

(00:43):
We're surprisingly several episodes ahead at this point, which does
not happened that often on my first show. So today's episode,
we're going to talk about some updates that have happened
over the last few months, some old ist things, books
and letters. We have a late entry into our Halloween

(01:05):
stuff because this was originally going to come out in October,
but as planned when we're recording, it's actually going to
be November, and then in our second part of this
two party will have some other things, including repatriations and artwork.
We've got some edible and potable food and beverage stuff,
which is always a favorite of mine. A few other
things also here, is my take on late Halloween entries.

(01:27):
Every day is Halloween to be. Someone asked me recently
when Halloween season starts for me, and I was like
November one, because it never ends. So we are as
Tracy said. Starting with some updates, including updates to previous
installments of Unearthed. Last time on Unearthed, we talked about
a copy of Shakespeare's First Folio that was going up

(01:48):
for auction. This was one of only about two d
twenty known copies of the First Folio that have survived
until today. Most of those are in museums, so they
don't come up for auction very often. That auction took
place in July at Sotheby's in New York City and
that First Folio sold for almost two point five million dollars.

(02:10):
We have also had several updates on Unearthed about work
at Colonial Williamsburg's First Baptist Church, which was one of
the earliest black church congregations in the United States. Exclamations
have started there at the former side of the church
in July that followed the approval of the First Baptist
Church Descendant community. In addition to the exclamations themselves, there

(02:33):
are plans for osteological and DNA analysis of the remains
that they are exhuming, So, in addition to providing more
information about who these people were, this research will hopefully
allow surviving descendants of these people to make decisions about
what their final resting place should be. Back in one

(02:55):
of our twenty eighteen installments of On Earth, we talked
about research into how dice have evolved over history, which
noted that Roman dice tended to be visibly irregular at
other points. We've also talked about how irregularly shaped dice
in history may have been used to cheat at games
because that irregular shape affects the probability of certain numbers

(03:15):
being rolled. Another idea is that Romans didn't care about that,
either because they didn't thoroughly understand probability or because they
credited luck at dice as coming from the gods. But
research published in the journal Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences comes
to a different conclusion that Roman dice are asymmetrical because

(03:36):
it's easier to fit six pips on a bigger face.
This whole study of delightful to me. To do this research.
They quote conducted an experiment with naive die producers to
see how they can figure pips on blank cubes with
different degrees of asymmetry. In other words, they gave asymmetrical

(03:58):
dice to twenty three volunteer psychology majors and asked them
to mark eight dice apiece. Twelve of the students were
specifically asked to mark the dice so that the number
of dots on the two opposing faces added up to seven.
Most of the time they marked one of the biggest

(04:19):
faces on those dice with six dots, and for dice
that were intentionally marked to have one and six on
opposite sides, nearly nine of those folks did put the
six on one of the two bigger sides of that
asymmetrical dice. Makes sense. Some of the students said they
marked their dice this way because they started with the

(04:41):
one and put that on the largest side, but either way,
among this group of students, there was a clear preference
for putting the one and the six on the largest sides.
Moving on to updates of actual past episodes rather than
installments of Unearthed. On a team, we did an episode
about the archaeological site known as Mahenjo Daro, which was

(05:04):
one of the most important cities of the Indus Valley Civilization.
That city was built around b c E and it
was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in this site
suffered significant damage and the extreme flooding that struck Pakistan
in August that regions saw about fourteen hundred millimeters or

(05:28):
fifty five inches of rain during that month, and this
is the most rainfall that has been reported in the
area in the century since these ruins were rediscovered. Often
when we talk about this kind of climate damage, the
issue is flooding, but the drainage systems in and around
Mahenjo Daro still function and there was far less standing

(05:49):
water there than at other areas that were affected by
the same weather events. Instead, the issue here is that
the rain washed away sediments and outer coverings that were
hecting the ruins. Repair work is ongoing and UNESCO is
assisting with the effort. We mentioned this next one in
a listener male segment, but today for a little more detail.

(06:11):
Jim Thorpe, who we covered on the show over the
course of three episodes in November, was stripped of his
Olympic medals over claims that he was not really an
amateur athlete. That's something that we talked about in those episodes.
On the one anniversary of Thorpe's gold medal win in
the decathlon, the International Olympic Committee announced that his record

(06:36):
was being restored, so now he is recognized as the
sole gold medal winner of both the decathlon and the pentathlon.
The organization Bright Path Strong was heavily involved in advocacy
for this. The family of Hugo K. Vicelander, who had
been named gold medalist in the decathlon when Thorpe was

(06:57):
stripped of his medals, was also involved in this advocacy.
They confirmed that Vicelander had never considered himself to be
the legitimate gold medalist. The National Galleries of Scotland announced
the discovery of a self portrait by Vincent van Gogh
behind one of Vango's other paintings. That other painting is
head of a peasant woman, and it was discovered during

(07:19):
an X ray in preparation for an exhibition. This find
is not entirely surprising, as our episode on Vango discusses
he often flipped his canvases over to paint on the
other side to save money. We most recently aired our
past episode on Vango as a Saturday Classic on June
eighteenth of this year. Next up, we talked about the

(07:41):
lynching of Emmett Till in our episode The Motherhood of
Mamie Sell Mobil. We also have a more recent episode.
We've talked about that a bit more. In recent installments
of Unearthed, we have talked about efforts to bring charges
against Caroline Bryant Donham, likely the last surviving person who
was connected to the killing. Donham, who was then known

(08:04):
just as Caroline Bryant, alleged that Emmett had physically grabbed
her in a store in Money, Mississippi, and then at
trial she testified that he had grabbed and threatened her.
In seventeen, author Timothy Tyson published a book titled The
Blood of Emmett Till, in which he quoted Donham as
saying that her testimony in court was not true. Most recently,

(08:27):
we talked about the discovery of an unserved warrant for
Dunham's arrest and hopes that it might lead to legal action.
In August, a Lafleur County, Mississippi grand jury ruled that
there was insufficient evidence to bring charges against Dunham for
either kidnapping or manslaughter. Surviving family members of Emmett Till
described this as disappointing but unsurprising. When we did an

(08:51):
episode about sculptor Edmonia Lewis. On the show, we talked
about her time at Oberlin College, Louis wasn't allowed a
register for her final term there. She had to leave
Oberlin in eighteen sixty three. Before being able to graduate.
She had faced a series of accusations and rumors, including
an allegation that she had poisoned her roommates. She was

(09:14):
actually acquitted of that. As we talked about in those episodes,
Lewis was one of only a very few people of
color enrolled at Oberlin. She had both black and Indigenous ancestry,
and she was harassed by other students because of her race.
At its commencement, Oberlin awarded Edmonia Lewis with her degree.

(09:34):
That was not an honorary degree. It was the degree
she would have earned had she been allowed to complete
her studies. Bobby Reno, who had advocated for the late
Edmonia Lewis to be awarded her degree, spoke at commencement
and read a quote that is attributed to Edmonia Lewis. Quote.
Sometimes the times were dark, and the outlook was lonesome.

(09:56):
But where there is a will, there is a way.
I pitched in and dug it my work, and now
I am what I am. It was hard work, though,
but with color and sex against me, I have achieved success.
That is what I tell my people whenever I meet them,
that they must not be discouraged, but work ahead until
the world is found to respect them for what they
may have accomplished. Our episode on and Money and Lewis

(10:19):
was most recently a Saturday Classic on February two. Moving
on in March, we did an episode about Denmark's early
royalty and the Yelling Stones, and one of the early
royals that we talked about was King Harold Gormson, also
known as Bluetooth. At least one chronicle describes Bluetooths burial

(10:41):
place as Rescued Denmark. Two recent publications suggests he may
really have been buried in va Jakovo in what's now
northwest Poland. Now these publications don't agree on where in Vjakoho, though,
according to maritkreta satellite imagery of a Roman Catholic church
that was built in the nineteenth century suggests there's a

(11:03):
Viking burial mound underneath, but Swedish archaeologists Van Rosbourne argues
that Bluetooth had converted to Christianity by the time of
his death, so he would have been buried somewhere that
was already in use as a Christian burial site. In
our year end Unearthed, for one, we talked about a
canoe that had been found in Lake Mendota in Wisconsin.

(11:25):
The person who spotted it originally thought it was just
a log. It turned out to be a canoe that
was about twelve hundred years old. Another even older canoe
was found nearby in September, Although this is in pieces now,
it was carved from a single piece of white oak
about three thousand years ago. Members of the ho Chunk

(11:47):
Nation and the Bad River Tribe were both present for
the canoes retrieval. The Wisconsin Historical Society and tribal members
are caring for both of these canoes until they can
be conserved. If you're wondering why I didn't have this
up with the other updates of previous episodes of Unearthed,
the answer is I forgot to move it. And lastly,

(12:09):
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts has formally exonerated Elizabeth Johnson Jr.
The last person convicted during the Salem witch Trials whose
name had not yet been cleared. Johnson was one of
eleven people who were convicted of witchcraft but not ultimately executed.
She had been sentenced to death herself, but was then reprieved.

(12:29):
Johnson was one of a small group of people convicted
under a reformed court in sixteen nine three, and most
of the others were pardoned or had their names cleared
in the seventeenth century. Johnson did not, though, even after
applying for restitution in seventeen twelve. Johnson's exoneration was part
of a budget package that was passed in July. Prior.

(12:51):
Hosts of the show talked about the Salem witch Trials
in June of two thousand eight and October of That
was the last of our updates. Now we can take
a real quick sponsor break. Next up, we had just

(13:12):
a few things that are the oldest, or at least
they're a lot older than we previously understood. First up,
Zanzibar's Stone Town is a coastal trading town made primarily
from mangrove timber and coraline rag stone, and it is
a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was previously believed to

(13:33):
have been built by Omani Arabs in the eighteenth century,
and a lot of its surviving buildings due date back
to that period, but an international team has found evidence
that this area was originally settled hundreds of years before that,
all the way back in the eleventh century. This means
that the town's origins trace back to local Swahili people.

(13:56):
Researchers have found evidence of homes, cooking sites, a lot
of pottery, both locally made pottery and pottery that had
been imported from Asia. A find in Borneo has pushed
back the timeline for the oldest known successful surgical amputation
by roughly twenty thousand years thanks to bones that are

(14:16):
about thirty one thousand years old. According to research published
in the journal Nature, skeletal remains discovered in show evidence
of an intentional amputation of a person's lower left leg.
Researchers concluded that this was an intentional surgical amputation, not
a congenital limb difference or the result of something like

(14:37):
an animal attack, based on a lack of fractures and
evidence of healing in the bone. This person was probably
a child when the amputation was conducted, and in addition
to surviving the surgery itself, they seem to have lived
for another six to nine years. They were part of
a hunter gatherer culture that lived in mountainous rainforests, so

(14:59):
this suggests that in addition to having enough medical knowledge
to conduct a successful amputation, this is a community that
had a strong sense of social or family ties to
provide support for somebody whose mobility would have made survival
in this kind of environment more of a challenge. This
person's remains were found in a cave adorned with rock

(15:20):
art that dates back roughly forty thousand years, and as
they were working, archaeologists nicknamed the find Scully and Their
Last Oldest Thing. An archaeological dig in Cardiff, Wales has
unearthed what maybe the city's earliest house. Archaeologists initially believed
that this structure might have been built sometime between the

(15:41):
Late Iron Age and the early Roman period, which is
a window of time that is really not well documented
in the currently known archaeological record, but a clay pot
at the site suggests that this structure, known as the
Trelli Enclosure, is really a lot older, dating back to
the Bronze age between fifteen hundred and eleven hundred b c.

(16:04):
At this point, there are only a couple of settlements
that old that have been documented in Wales, and now
it is time to move on to books and letters.
An interdisciplinary team of researchers is trying to find out
whether Johannes Guttenberg was aware of movable type printing presses
that had already been developed in Eastern Asia centuries before

(16:25):
he started working on a press of his own. To
do this, they're using X ray fluorescence to study texts
that were printed in Korea and ones that were printed
in Europe, including parts of a Gutenberg Bible and a
first edition copy of the Canterbury Tales. One of the
things that's interesting about this work is that the researchers
involved with it aren't completely sure what they're looking for

(16:47):
or whether this work is going to lead them to
an answer. What they're essentially doing is analyzing every inch
of these texts and creating maps of all the elements
that are present, whether they are from the ink or
the page, or say something that somebody spelled on their
hundreds of years ago. It's well established at this point

(17:08):
that movable type existed in Eastern Asia long before Guttenberg
was born. The earliest named person credited with developing movable
type is be Shung sometime around the year ten forty,
during the era of the Northern Song dynasty, but we
don't really know whether Guttenberg knew about these earlier presses
in China and Korea, or whether he developed his press independently. Regardless,

(17:32):
the influence of Guttenberg's press in Europe was different from
these earlier presses in Asia. Overall, in Europe, movable type
printing presses led to the mass production of materials that
became widely available to the general public, while in Asia
many presses printed work only for the upper classes. Next up,
a man shopping at an estate sale in Maine in

(17:55):
September bought a page from a medieval manuscript. He paid
seven and five dollars for this. It was labeled as
an illuminated manuscript on vellum dating to the year twelve
eighty five, but when he took a picture of it
and sent it to one of his old professors, with
some help, they ultimately figured out that it was a
page from a Catholic prayer book called the Beauvai Missile.

(18:18):
This book previously belonged to William Randolph Hurst. I feel
like he's like the recurring character of our show sometimes. Yeah.
Hurst sold this book in the nineteen forties and art
dealers took it apart and sold pages individually. That was
something that was really common at the time. The page
has been valued at between five thousand and ten thousand

(18:39):
dollars by coincidence. Lisa Fagan Davis, who helped identify the
photo of the page, has been trying to reunite all
of the pages of the book and so far has
tracked down more than one hundred of the roughly three
hundred pages it originally contained. And for our last thing,
under Books and Letters, a team in Istanbul has found

(19:00):
the sixt hundred year old writing set. The set includes
a dip pin made of bone, an ink well that
still has traces of red and black ink, and a
small dish. This was found at an archaeological site west
of Istanbul and dates back to the Imperial Roman period.
According to news coverage about this find, this is the

(19:22):
first time an intact writing set has been found dating
back to this era was a time when literacy would
not have been particularly common. Next up, we have several
fines related to tombs and burials. First, researchers and Argentinean
Patagonia have found an example of a woman who was

(19:42):
buried in a ceremonial canoe, which dates back about one
thousand years. There's been some debate about this practice and
whether it was performed before Spanish colonization of South America,
with some researchers arguing that the Spanish introduced these canoes
to the indigenous people of the area, but this research
reaffirms ethnographic work and oral history suggesting that this practice

(20:05):
was carried out for centuries before the Spanish arrived. In
spite of that centuries long history, this is the first
physical evidence of a pre Hispanic canoe burial. In this
particular era, the practice was likely widespread and it carried
symbolic and religious meaning, but it's challenging to find concrete

(20:25):
evidence of it because these are wooden canoes and in
this kind of environment they would rot apart really quickly.
The local Mapuche people continue to make and use these
kind of canoes, and this research was carried out with
the consent of the Mapuche curl Quinca community. Archaeologists studying
what they believed to be a woman's burial site in

(20:46):
Germany have found an animal bone, some jewelry, a spindle whorl,
a glass bead, and a medieval folding chair. The chair
is made of iron, one of only two such chairs
ever found in Germany and about thirty ever found in Europe.
Of those thirty total chairs, only six of them are
made of iron. This one was buried at the person's feet,

(21:09):
and it's possible that this chair was meant as a
marker of both social status and some kind of political office.
I really like this one because folding chairs just seem
like a more and maybe she was a medieval tailgater.
Last October, archaeologists and Tussanenhausen in Germany found the burial

(21:33):
chamber of a child dating back about hundred years. This
is a stone burial chamber. It was in really good
condition because a lot of times and these kinds of fines,
water and sediment have penetrated into the chamber over time
and then gradually filled it up with you know, soil

(21:54):
and sediment that protects what's inside. Uh. And when that happens,
researchers can sometimes cut out the whole block of soil
and transport all of it back into a laborate can
be studied and conserved. That was not possible in this
case since nothing had ever filled up the burial site

(22:15):
in that way, so the team carefully filled the chamber
with water to stabilize everything in it, flash frozen in
nitrogen and removed that this is so cool. The block
was kept frozen in storage for several months before being
thought out earlier this year. This involved a specially prepared

(22:36):
room with temperature and humidity controls, heat guns and soldering
irons and suction devices to remove moisture and condensation. The
sawing started in June and was expected to take several days,
so the results of this study after the thawing remains
to be seen, but some things that we already know included.

(22:57):
This child, who was nicknamed the Ice Prince, was probably
around ten years old and was buried with a dog,
a sword, a weapon belt, and silver bracelets. There were
also gold crosses and a bronze bowl in the burial chamber.
In July and archaeological work started at a site in
England known as arthur Stone, and it ran for about

(23:18):
four weeks. Although King Arthur may have been a legendary
figure rather than a real historical monarch, the site has
been associated with him since the thirteenth century. According to legend,
King Arthur killed a giant there whose elbow left an
impression in one of the stones. It is also the
inspiration for the stone table in C. S. Lewis's The Lion,

(23:39):
the Witch and the Wardrobe. Details of this excavation haven't
been released yet as of when we're recording this, which
again is October the fourth, so we don't have all
the details yet, but this site is home to a
Neolithic tomb dating back about five thousand years that has
not been excavated before this point. Based on this in

(24:01):
earlier work, archaeologists already believed that Arthur's Stone is connected
to at least two other sites in the area. This
dig was also open to the public and thousands of
visitors from around the UK and elsewhere came to have
a look at it. Also, just a mile south of
this site, another team has found evidence of prehistoric use
of transparent rock crystals to mark burial sites. These crystals

(24:25):
had been shaped by napping, the same technique used to
shape flint into projectile points and deposited at burial sites
for as long as three hundred years. And lastly, before
we take a break, research published in the journal Medieval
Archaeology in June examines the practice of bed burials in
early medieval Europe. Just like it sounds, these were burials

(24:47):
in which the person was buried in a bed, usually
a wooden bed, and there are examples of this from
the fifth through the tenth centuries scattered all around most
of Europe, including Britain. This search examined seventy two possible
or definite bed burials, and they found that while the
specifics of these burials varied from place to place and

(25:08):
through the centuries, the ones in England were overall different
from the rest. In England, the first bed burials appeared
in the seventh century, and the known English bed burials
involved women's graves. So this research concluded that in England
bed burials were introduced from elsewhere in Europe, possibly brought
to England by women who traveled there for religious reasons.

(25:31):
They're going to take another quick sponsor break before we
have some belated Halloween stuff, Okay, So, as I alluded
to earlier, originally this episode was going to come out
in October, and so I had made the selection of

(25:52):
Halloween e type stuff. This so things related to the
sorts of episodes we might spend more time talking about
in October, and we had some schedule shuffling. This got
pushed into November. But I had already come up with
all this Halloween stuff, so I'm sticking to it. Why
would you not? I don't. I don't understand this Halloween limitation. First,

(26:18):
the embalved hearts of dom Pedro, the first first Emperor
of Brazil, arrived in Brazil from Portugal in August. This
was part of the commemoration of the two anniversary of
Brazil's independence. This heart is preserved in a jar of
amalde hyde, and it was returned back to Portugal after

(26:38):
the independence commemorations were over. I don't know that we
would have a whole episode's about preserved monarch's hearts in jars,
But boy did it feel Halloween e to me. Uh,
there are lots of good preserved hearts in history. One
of the big headlines over the last few months has
been the reported identification of the Somerton Man. That is

(27:00):
the name people use for a body found on Somerton
Beach in Adelaide, Australia, on December one. This history mystery
is also known as the Tom and Should case because
the contents of this person's pockets included a rolled up
piece of paper with the words tom and should written
on it. That is a Persian phrase meaning the end

(27:21):
or finished, and it is also the last two words
of the eleventh century Persian poem known as the Rubiatt.
This later turned out to have been torn from a
copy of the book that had what looked like a
code written inside, so people started to wonder if this
unidentified person had been a spy. It's this uh, something
that we've gotten a lot of request to talk about

(27:42):
on the show, and I think at various points have
considered it and not done it for various reasons. According
to Derek Abbott from the University of Adelaide and American
genealogist Colleen Fitzpatrick, this body belonged to Carl Webb known
as Charles, who was born in Melbourne in nineteen o five.

(28:04):
They had previously built an extensive family tree for Webb.
As they were trying to solve this mystery, they compared
DNA from strands of hair that had been caught in
a death mask made of these remains back in the
nineteen forties to DNA from a living relative who had
been documented on this family tree. There are still some

(28:24):
unanswered questions, though there are no known photographs of Charles
Webb to compare to photos of the remains, and officials
in Australia have not yet confirmed these reported results. If
this is web, there may be some straightforward explanations for
some of the things that have always been interpreted as
particularly mysterious about the Summerton Man. Like there've always been

(28:47):
questions about why was this person in Adelaide in the
first place. Charles Webb, it turns out, had left his
wife the year before, so he may have just been
trying to get away. He also liked poetry and he
liked betting on horses, so it's possible that that copy
of the rubiat was just something that he had because
he liked it, and that the handwritten code inside was

(29:11):
something about horse races, not a wartime spy code, as
has long been theorized. Examination of the grave goods that
were included in one seventy seven burials on an island
in Lake Onego, Russia has found that a striking number
of bone and tooth pendants in these graves were made
of human bones. These pendants were previously thought to have

(29:34):
been made from the teeth or bones of other animals.
While most of the rest of the pendants came from
elk or some type of cattle, nearly a third of
them were from humans. And Lastly, researchers from Nicolas Copernicus
University in Thorin have documented a grave site in Poland
that shows evidence of anti vampire burial practices. This grave

(29:59):
is that of a young woman who was buried with
a triangular padlock around her left big toe and a
sickle pinning her neck to the ground. There were also
greenish spots on the palette of her mouth, suggesting that
something made of copper might have been put in there,
maybe a coin. Although media reports quickly framed this as

(30:19):
a vampire burial, researchers involved with the discovery stress that
this was likely the grief of a woman who was
being distrusted or mistreated by her community. She may have
had a physical or mental disability or an illness that
caused her neighbors to believe that they needed to take
precautions to keep her from rising from the dead. One

(30:40):
of her upper teeth protrudes in front of the others,
so her facial appearance may have been a factor. They
don't believe she was executed, though, apart from the padlock
in the sickle, she seems to have been nicely dressed,
with a pillow under her head and a bonnet covering
her hair. This grave dates back to the seventeenth entry,
so various headlines describing this as medieval are not correct. Whoops, yeah,

(31:11):
uh and that was on my my little Halloween collection.
I love it all Halloween collection all the time. Let's
get more spooky things in our on earth. Uh. Do
you have listener mail be at Halloween? You or no?
I do. This is from Beth and bethroat High Holly
and Tracy, longtime listener who has listened to the entire

(31:33):
back catalog. Loved the podcast. My husband and I were
listening to the episode on the Lowry War and you
mentioned in the Friday wrap up about outdoor dramas and
not being sure if there were other places other than
North Carolina that have them. The answers yes, both my
husband and I have spent much of our adult lives
dabbling around the outer edges of the theatrical world, both

(31:54):
acting and doing technical work, not professionals. We have a
number of friends and colleagues who have worked for different
outdoor dramas over the years. I know pre Pandemic that
the Institute of Outdoor Theater was based in Chapel Hill,
North Carolina, and there used to be an annual gathering
for actors and dancers to audition and technicians to find

(32:14):
positions for the summer. Not sure if the institute or
annual auditions are still a going concern. There are several
outdoor dramas were aware of besides the ones you mentioned.
My husband was the props master for Theater West Virginia's
seven season, so we know about that one well. Theater
West Virginia is based in Grand View National Park outside
of Beckley and presents a season of three musicals each summer.

(32:38):
Two are historical dramas about the area and one is
a Broadway musical. Honey in the Rock is the story
of the founding of the state of West Virginia during
the Civil War and was recently replaced by Rocket Boys.
The musical Hat Fields and McCoy's is based on the
story of the feud between the two families. I also
know of two in Ohio, two Comsa and Trumpet in

(32:59):
the land. Know there's at least one in Kentucky. Thanks
so much for the podcast, which I listened to you
when walking and when traveling for work. Keep up the
great and important work of sharing stories and events so
many of us knows a little about. While we don't
currently have pets, I do have a grand kitty, Lakshmi,
and have attached photos of her. She's a rescued street

(33:19):
cap my daughter adopted from a shelter two years ago. Beth,
so Beth sent just the cutest pictures that I accidentally
printed out with this email. Um and then this first one.
I will see if I can just show it to Holly. Uh,
look look at this like this kind of grump face.

(33:43):
I love a grumpy face kitty, and I love that
she calls him her grandkitties because that's what my mother
in law calls our cats. I don't know if this
kitty is really making a grumpy face, but there it's
a It's like an orange tabby orange, or like an
orange tabby ay with like a little slightly down turned
frowned mouth which looks a little grumpy to me. I

(34:05):
love it, so thank you so much for that. I
think we've mentioned two kompsa in previous listener mails about
the outdoor dramas, but not the other ones that were mentioned,
So thank you for that and for that. There used
to be a whole list too, where people would come
together in audition and stuff. If you would like to
write to us about this or any other podcast or

(34:26):
a history podcast at I heart radio dot com and
we're all over social media ad Missed in History, which
is where you'll find our Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, and Instagram.
And you can subscribe to our show on the I
heart Radio app or wherever else you like to get
your podcasts. Stuff you Missed in History Class is a

(34:47):
production of I heart Radio. For more podcasts from I
heart Radio, visit the I heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts,
or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.

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Holly Frey

Tracy Wilson

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