October 10, 2020 • 9 mins
Assassin Lyudmila Pavlichenko died on this day in 1974. / On this day in 1911, an uprising against the Qing government began in Wuchang in China.
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Speaker 1 (00:00):
Hey everyone, it's Eaves. Just wanted to let you know
that you'll be hearing an episode from me and an
episode from Tracy V. Wilson today. I hope you enjoyed
the show. Welcome to this Day in History Class from
how Stuff Works dot com and from the desk of
Stuff you missed in History Class. It's the show where
we explore the past one day at a time with
a quick look at what happened today in history. Hello,
(00:25):
and welcome to the podcast. I'm Tracy B. Wilson and
it's October. Ludmilla Pavlicchenko died on the Stay in nineteen
She was one of the most famous snipers in the
Soviet Red Army. Ludmilla Pavlichenko was born not far from
Kiev in nineteen sixteen, and in her youth she joined
the Volunteer Society for the Assistance of Army Aircraft and Fleet.
(00:47):
This is a paramilitary youth organization. It also involved a
lot of patriotism and athletics. It wasn't so much a
really volunteer organization though, even though the word volunteers in
the name, attendance was expect did and that's where she
first learned to shoot. She got a certificate in marksmanship
with the Volunteer Society for the Assistance of Army Aircraft
(01:08):
in Fleet. She went on to sniper's school while studying
at Kiev University. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union on
June ninety one, Pavlichenko decided to put her training to
use and she tried to join the army. She was
turned down though, because she was a woman. She kept trying.
They kept encouraging her to be a nurse, but she
(01:28):
didn't want to be a nurse. She wanted to be
a soldier. Not only did she want to be a soldier,
she had the skills required of being a soldier. Finally,
after all this persistence on her part, someone decided to
give her a test. She was with a unit that
was defending a hill and someone pointed out two Romanians
who were working with the Germans and told her to
shoot them, which she did. She was then accepted into
(01:50):
the Red Army's twenty five Chipaya of Rifle Division. In
her first seventy five days of service, she had a
hundred and eighty seven confirmed ills, and by the end
of that service that number had risen to three hundred
nine thirty six of these were German snipers, some of
which were effectively in duels with the enemy. From her
(02:11):
point of view, especially when it came to the snipers,
the work that she was doing was ultimately saving many
other lives. She was also wounded four times in the
line of duty while working as a sniper. Her reputation
as a sniper really spread, and the Red Army started
using her in recruitment materials and in propaganda. In ninety two,
(02:32):
she went to the United States to try to get
some support from the United States for Russia's military efforts
on the European continent. While she was in the US,
she became very close friends with Eleanor Roosevelt. Although the
press coverage in this tour, which there was a lot of,
was really focused on questions about her appearance and what
she was wearing, rather than her military service or the
(02:55):
Russian efforts that she had come to the United States
to try to get support for. At her she returned home,
she was promoted to major, She was named Hero of
the Soviet Union, and eventually she was depicted on a
postage stamp. After the end of World War Two, she
went back to school and she became historian, and then
in nineteen fifty seven, while Eleanor Roosevelt was on a
(03:16):
tour of Moscow, the two women were reunited. This was
something that Roosevelt had asked for again and again while
she was planning this trip. When she got to Moscow,
she kept asking her hosts please could she see Udmilla Pavlochenko.
After asking over and over, they finally agreed to let her,
although at first they would not allow the two women
(03:36):
to be alone together. It was, according to all accounts,
a very joyful reunion among the two of them once
they actually got to talk to each other. Leadmilla Pavlicchenko
died have a stroke at the age of fifty eight.
We talked about her, along with five other women on
the front lines in the May seventeen episode of Stuff
(03:57):
You Miss in History Class called six Impossible Episode Soldiers,
Snipers and Spies. Thanks very much to Tari Harrison for
all of her audio work on this podcast, and you
can subscribe to The Day in History Class on Apple Podcasts,
Google Podcasts, and wherever else you get your podcasts. Tomorrow
we will have the opening of a massive change to
(04:19):
a major church. Hi everyone, I'm Eves. Welcome to this
day and History Class, a show that will convince you
that history can be fascinating even when you expect it
not to be. The day was October tenth, nineteen eleven.
(04:45):
Revolutionaries in wu Chong, China, rebelled against the rule of
the Shing dynasty. The uprising marked the start of the
Shihai Revolution, leading to the fall of China's last imperial
dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China. People
in China and Taiwan, as well as Chinese people around
the world, commemorate the anniversary of the Wu chongg Uprising,
(05:08):
also known as Double Tan Day. In the late nineteenth
and early twentieth century, the Qing dynasty was struggling to
maintain power as imperial powers asserted their dominance in Chinese territory.
The Opium Wars between the Hing and the British government
forced China to open treaty ports for international trade and
(05:29):
forced China to seed Hong Kong to the UK, among
other losses for China, and the First Sino Japanese War
led China to lose more territory, and China's defeat demonstrated
its weakness. A reform movement popped up as the government
lost prestige, but most of the reform measures were repealed.
(05:52):
Disillusionment with Manchu rulers and the Shing dynasty reached a peak,
and revolutionary groups began forming across China. Many of these
groups banned it together in Japan and nineteen o five
to form the Tong mong Hui, led by Song xiin,
sonja Urn and Huang Shing. The Toung mong Hwi advocated
(06:12):
replacing the Ching government with the republican one. They rejected
the gradual approach to reform that loyalists pushed for. The
Tong man Hui led rebellions against the Xing in the
years leading up to the Wu Chong Uprising. Chinese people
overseas helped fund revolutionary efforts in China, most of which
originated in South China. In April of nineteen eleven, Huang
(06:37):
Qing and other revolutionaries led a failed uprising in guang
Shou in southern China. In this uprising, like many of
the others, the Shing Army killed many revolutionaries and effectively
put an end to the revolt. But even though the
rebellions often failed, they still destabilized the control of the
Qing dynasty. The uprising in wu Chong on October two
(07:00):
turned into a nationalist revolt that spread around South China.
It had its roots in protests against the Hing decision
to nationalize too privately owned railways in central China. The
Shan court suppressed resistance with armed force, and as the
conflict surrounding the railway issue escalated, support of the Shing
(07:20):
government continued to decline. The government stationed new army regiments
in Hubei Province, where wu Chong is located, but many
of the people in the military in Hubei were revolutionaries
for republican sympathizers. Revolutionaries in the area began plotting and
uprising against the Shan and stockpiling munitions, but on October nine,
(07:43):
a bomb accidentally exploded in a hong Ko building, exposing
the efforts of revolutionaries, so the next day, the Wu
Chang regiment staged a mutiny, taking over government buildings and
seizing control of the city. The day after that, the
revolutionaries established a military government in Hubei Province. Similar uprisings
(08:06):
soon began in other Chinese provinces, which declared their allegiance
to the Tung Ma Hue and agreed to secede from
the Hing government. Zung Yi Hian was not directly involved
in the Wu Chang Uprising, as he was traveling in
the United States when it took place, but he returned
to China near the end of nineteen eleven and was
(08:26):
soon elected as provisional President of the newly declared Republic
of China, though not long after he turned the position
over to Yin Shikai. The last emperor of the Xiang dynasty,
abdicated in February of nineteen twelve, ending thousands of years
of imperial rule. The Republic of China lasted until nineteen
(08:47):
forty nine, when the Chinese Communist Party proclaimed the People's
Republic of China. I'm each Chef Coote and hopefully you
know a little more about history today than you did yesterday.
If you haven't gotten your fill of history yet, you
can find us on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram at t
d I h C podcast. You can also shoot us
(09:11):
an email at this day at i heart media dot com.
We're here every day so you know where to find
us by. For more podcasts from I Heart Radio, visit
the iHeart Radio app Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen
(09:31):
to your favorite shows.
Hey everyone, it's Eaves. Just wanted to let you know
that you'll be hearing an episode from me and an
episode from Tracy V. Wilson today. I hope you enjoyed
the show. Welcome to this Day in History Class from
how Stuff Works dot com and from the desk of
Stuff you missed in History Class. It's the show where
we explore the past one day at a time with
a quick look at what happened today in history. Hello,
(00:25):
and welcome to the podcast. I'm Tracy B. Wilson and
it's October. Ludmilla Pavlicchenko died on the Stay in nineteen
She was one of the most famous snipers in the
Soviet Red Army. Ludmilla Pavlichenko was born not far from
Kiev in nineteen sixteen, and in her youth she joined
the Volunteer Society for the Assistance of Army Aircraft and Fleet.
(00:47):
This is a paramilitary youth organization. It also involved a
lot of patriotism and athletics. It wasn't so much a
really volunteer organization though, even though the word volunteers in
the name, attendance was expect did and that's where she
first learned to shoot. She got a certificate in marksmanship
with the Volunteer Society for the Assistance of Army Aircraft
(01:08):
in Fleet. She went on to sniper's school while studying
at Kiev University. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union on
June ninety one, Pavlichenko decided to put her training to
use and she tried to join the army. She was
turned down though, because she was a woman. She kept trying.
They kept encouraging her to be a nurse, but she
(01:28):
didn't want to be a nurse. She wanted to be
a soldier. Not only did she want to be a soldier,
she had the skills required of being a soldier. Finally,
after all this persistence on her part, someone decided to
give her a test. She was with a unit that
was defending a hill and someone pointed out two Romanians
who were working with the Germans and told her to
shoot them, which she did. She was then accepted into
(01:50):
the Red Army's twenty five Chipaya of Rifle Division. In
her first seventy five days of service, she had a
hundred and eighty seven confirmed ills, and by the end
of that service that number had risen to three hundred
nine thirty six of these were German snipers, some of
which were effectively in duels with the enemy. From her
(02:11):
point of view, especially when it came to the snipers,
the work that she was doing was ultimately saving many
other lives. She was also wounded four times in the
line of duty while working as a sniper. Her reputation
as a sniper really spread, and the Red Army started
using her in recruitment materials and in propaganda. In ninety two,
(02:32):
she went to the United States to try to get
some support from the United States for Russia's military efforts
on the European continent. While she was in the US,
she became very close friends with Eleanor Roosevelt. Although the
press coverage in this tour, which there was a lot of,
was really focused on questions about her appearance and what
she was wearing, rather than her military service or the
(02:55):
Russian efforts that she had come to the United States
to try to get support for. At her she returned home,
she was promoted to major, She was named Hero of
the Soviet Union, and eventually she was depicted on a
postage stamp. After the end of World War Two, she
went back to school and she became historian, and then
in nineteen fifty seven, while Eleanor Roosevelt was on a
(03:16):
tour of Moscow, the two women were reunited. This was
something that Roosevelt had asked for again and again while
she was planning this trip. When she got to Moscow,
she kept asking her hosts please could she see Udmilla Pavlochenko.
After asking over and over, they finally agreed to let her,
although at first they would not allow the two women
(03:36):
to be alone together. It was, according to all accounts,
a very joyful reunion among the two of them once
they actually got to talk to each other. Leadmilla Pavlicchenko
died have a stroke at the age of fifty eight.
We talked about her, along with five other women on
the front lines in the May seventeen episode of Stuff
(03:57):
You Miss in History Class called six Impossible Episode Soldiers,
Snipers and Spies. Thanks very much to Tari Harrison for
all of her audio work on this podcast, and you
can subscribe to The Day in History Class on Apple Podcasts,
Google Podcasts, and wherever else you get your podcasts. Tomorrow
we will have the opening of a massive change to
(04:19):
a major church. Hi everyone, I'm Eves. Welcome to this
day and History Class, a show that will convince you
that history can be fascinating even when you expect it
not to be. The day was October tenth, nineteen eleven.
(04:45):
Revolutionaries in wu Chong, China, rebelled against the rule of
the Shing dynasty. The uprising marked the start of the
Shihai Revolution, leading to the fall of China's last imperial
dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China. People
in China and Taiwan, as well as Chinese people around
the world, commemorate the anniversary of the Wu chongg Uprising,
(05:08):
also known as Double Tan Day. In the late nineteenth
and early twentieth century, the Qing dynasty was struggling to
maintain power as imperial powers asserted their dominance in Chinese territory.
The Opium Wars between the Hing and the British government
forced China to open treaty ports for international trade and
(05:29):
forced China to seed Hong Kong to the UK, among
other losses for China, and the First Sino Japanese War
led China to lose more territory, and China's defeat demonstrated
its weakness. A reform movement popped up as the government
lost prestige, but most of the reform measures were repealed.
(05:52):
Disillusionment with Manchu rulers and the Shing dynasty reached a peak,
and revolutionary groups began forming across China. Many of these
groups banned it together in Japan and nineteen o five
to form the Tong mong Hui, led by Song xiin,
sonja Urn and Huang Shing. The Toung mong Hwi advocated
(06:12):
replacing the Ching government with the republican one. They rejected
the gradual approach to reform that loyalists pushed for. The
Tong man Hui led rebellions against the Xing in the
years leading up to the Wu Chong Uprising. Chinese people
overseas helped fund revolutionary efforts in China, most of which
originated in South China. In April of nineteen eleven, Huang
(06:37):
Qing and other revolutionaries led a failed uprising in guang
Shou in southern China. In this uprising, like many of
the others, the Shing Army killed many revolutionaries and effectively
put an end to the revolt. But even though the
rebellions often failed, they still destabilized the control of the
Qing dynasty. The uprising in wu Chong on October two
(07:00):
turned into a nationalist revolt that spread around South China.
It had its roots in protests against the Hing decision
to nationalize too privately owned railways in central China. The
Shan court suppressed resistance with armed force, and as the
conflict surrounding the railway issue escalated, support of the Shing
(07:20):
government continued to decline. The government stationed new army regiments
in Hubei Province, where wu Chong is located, but many
of the people in the military in Hubei were revolutionaries
for republican sympathizers. Revolutionaries in the area began plotting and
uprising against the Shan and stockpiling munitions, but on October nine,
(07:43):
a bomb accidentally exploded in a hong Ko building, exposing
the efforts of revolutionaries, so the next day, the Wu
Chang regiment staged a mutiny, taking over government buildings and
seizing control of the city. The day after that, the
revolutionaries established a military government in Hubei Province. Similar uprisings
(08:06):
soon began in other Chinese provinces, which declared their allegiance
to the Tung Ma Hue and agreed to secede from
the Hing government. Zung Yi Hian was not directly involved
in the Wu Chang Uprising, as he was traveling in
the United States when it took place, but he returned
to China near the end of nineteen eleven and was
(08:26):
soon elected as provisional President of the newly declared Republic
of China, though not long after he turned the position
over to Yin Shikai. The last emperor of the Xiang dynasty,
abdicated in February of nineteen twelve, ending thousands of years
of imperial rule. The Republic of China lasted until nineteen
(08:47):
forty nine, when the Chinese Communist Party proclaimed the People's
Republic of China. I'm each Chef Coote and hopefully you
know a little more about history today than you did yesterday.
If you haven't gotten your fill of history yet, you
can find us on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram at t
d I h C podcast. You can also shoot us
(09:11):
an email at this day at i heart media dot com.
We're here every day so you know where to find
us by. For more podcasts from I Heart Radio, visit
the iHeart Radio app Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen
(09:31):
to your favorite shows.
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