July 13, 2020 • 9 mins
The New York Draft Riots began on this day in 1863. / On this day in 1930, Uruguay hosted the first FIFA World Cup.
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Speaker 1 (00:00):
Hey, everyone. Technically you're getting two days in History today
because we were running two episodes from the History Vault.
You'll also hear two hosts, me and Tracy V. Wilson.
Hope you enjoy. Welcome to this Day in History class.
It's July. The New York Draft riots began on this
day in eighteen sixty three, and as that name suggests,
(00:22):
this was about the draft, but it was also about
racism and a range of socioeconomic conditions. In the eighteen sixties,
recent immigrants from Germany and Ireland made up a lot
of New York City's working class, and this was particularly
true of Irish immigrants. After the Great Famine in Ireland,
people had moved to the United States and other places
(00:43):
and really large numbers. Close to a quarter of New
York City residents at this time were from Ireland. These
people were mostly very poor. Most of them were making
a living doing manual labor things like digging ditches and
paving roads. They were not making a lot of money.
They didn't necessarily have a very secure job. And this
(01:03):
was happening during the Civil War, and at first most
of these people supported the war, but that started to
shift as the war progressed as people started to lose
friends and family members who were killed in battle. Also,
the Emancipation Proclamation shifted people's opinions. That was the proclamation
that freed all enslaved people in the rebelling States. And
(01:26):
so these workers in New York became really fearful that
people who had been liberated in the South were going
to move to New York and basically take their jobs,
or at least be competing for the same jobs. Then
Congress passed the Enrollment Act on March three of eighteen
sixty three, and this set up a wartime draft for
(01:46):
the Civil War. Unless you could find a substitute to
go in your place or pay a three hundred dollar fee,
if you were a man between the ages of twenty
and forty five, you were subject to the draft. These
working class immigrants were outraged. Now they were going to
be forced to go to war before it had been voluntary.
And by this point in the war, one of the
(02:08):
outcomes that the Union was working towards was the abolition
of slavery. So if slavery were abolished, that would mean
even more liberated people coming to New York City and
fighting for the same jobs. So people who were barely
making a living doing manual labor. They also could not
afford to pay three hundred dollars to get out of
(02:30):
being drafted. When troops left New York City to go
fight at Gettysburg, that left the city pretty much undefended.
And then on July eleven of eighteen sixty three, the
draft lottery took place for the first time. People who
were drafted that day or who knew people that were
drafted that day, met up in saloons and taverns and
meeting houses and started talking about how they could fight back.
(02:55):
Another lottery was supposed to take place a couple of
days later, on Monday, the third teenth, and they started
talking about how they could stop the lottery from happening.
One they went to the Prost Marshal's office, and the
people who went there to demonstrate included German speaking artisans.
There were volunteer firemen. Most of them were not actually immigrants,
(03:16):
most of them had been born in the United States.
A lot of Irish laborers were part of this group,
and there were women in the group as well. The
draft lottery was to start at ten thirty, and they
interrupted the lottery and they actually set fire to the building.
The riots spread from there. It started explicitly targeting black
(03:37):
people and Republicans. The Republican Party had been founded to
abolish slavery. They started looting merchants and stores. Part of
this was just to loot, but part of it was
also to try to get revenge on the wealthy, those
wealthy people who could afford that three hundred dollars to
get out of fighting in the war. This riot went
on for four days. There were some groups switched sides,
(04:00):
like the Volunteer Fireman started trying to quell the raid.
The people riding for most of it were primarily Irish immigrants.
Among the looting and the targeting of of the black
population and of Republicans, they burned down the Colored Orphan Asylum.
They targeted black residents and their homes and their property.
(04:22):
They also kept targeting businesses to try to get revenge
on the wealthy. A man named Abraham Franklin, who was
a disabled black coachman, was hanged. Eventually, both the New
York National Guard and the police were involved, and those
troops that had been sent from New York City to
fight in Gettysburg were called back to try to stop
the violence. It was only after that happened that the
(04:44):
riot subsided. This cause between one point five million and
two million dollars in property damage, and it was August
before the draft was really being enforced in New York City.
You could learn more about the New York Draft riots
in the April eleven episode of Stuffy Miss and History Class,
and you can subscribe to This Day in History Class
on Apple podcasts, Google podcasts, and whatever else you get
(05:05):
your podcasts. And tomorrow's show, we have somebody who's often
referred to as a queen, although she was not actually royalty.
Hey guys, welcome to this Day in History Class, where
we bring you a new tidbit from history every day.
(05:34):
The day was Duly nineteen thirty, the first FIFA World Cup,
the world championship from men's national soccer teams, began in
monte Video, Uruguay. FIFA, or the International Federation of Association Football,
is the international governing body for soccer. In nine Fiefless
Congress voted to hold a World championship for soccer. In
(05:57):
nineteen thirty, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Spain all expressed
interest in hosting the Championship, but Uruguay was willing to
pay for travel and hotel expenses and to build a
new stadium. Uruguay had also won the gold medal for
soccer or football as people outside of the US call it,
in the nineteen twenty four and nineteen eight Summer Olympics.
(06:20):
Plus nineteen thirty would mark the one d anniversary of
the adoption of Uruguay's first constitution. At the nineteen twenty
nine FIFA Congress in Barcelona, Uruguay was confirmed as the
hosting country. The first World Cup would be the only
without qualifications teams were invited. At the time, the Great
(06:41):
Depression was affecting economies all around the world. Many European
players were not able to or did not want to
make the trip to South America to participate in the championship.
Soccer did not earn them a living, and they were
afraid they would lose their jobs if they were away
for too long. Though many European teams did not take
part in the World World Cup, the president of FIFA
(07:02):
at the time, July Rimay, got Belgium, France, Romania and
Yugoslavia to participate. The King of Romania personally selected the
team members for the tournament and guaranteed their jobs would
still be there when they returned home. Mexico, the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile,
Pedaguay and Peru also participated in the World Cup, bringing
(07:25):
the total number of competing teams to thirteen. All the
European teams besides Yugoslavia, left Barcelona on June two, nineteen thirty,
on the s S conte Verde. The Yugoslavian team left
on its own on the MS Florida. The conte Verde
picked up the Brazilian players in Rio and stopped at Santos.
(07:45):
On July four, they arrived in Monte Budeo. Construction began
on the stadium built specifically for the World Cup, called
Estadio Centennario, in July of nineteen nine, but it was
still not finished by the time the World Cup began
on July third, teenh and the first match wasn't held
in the stadium until days later. The first games, France
(08:06):
versus Mexico and the US versus Belgium, were held that
day at the Positos and part Casententral stadiums in Monte Video.
Francis Lucien Laurent scored the first ever World Cup gold
nineteen minutes into the game. France beat Mexico for the
one in the US beat Belgium three to zero. Controversy
(08:27):
arose when referees ended France's second game versus Argentina six
minutes early. The official brought the teams back to finish
the game and Argentina won one to zero. Argentina and
the United States went up against each other in the semifinals,
which Argentina won six to one. The final, Argentina versus
Uruguay took place on July Somewhere between sixty eight thousand
(08:51):
and ninety thousand spectators were in the audience at the
Stadio Centcinnatio. Uruguay beat Argentina four to two, with Argentinianica
Throw scoring a minute before the match ended. The trophy
that Uruguay received was designed by a French gold gum
named Albert la. The first FIFA Women's World Cup was
held in nine though other unofficial international tournaments had been
(09:15):
held already starting in nineteen seventy. I'm Eve Jeff Cote,
and hopefully you know a little more about history today
than you did yesterday. If you have any burning questions
or comments to tell us. You can find us on Twitter, Instagram,
and Facebook at t D i h D podcast. We'll
(09:37):
see you tomorrow. For more podcasts from I Heeart Radio,
visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you
listen to your favorite shows.
Hey, everyone. Technically you're getting two days in History today
because we were running two episodes from the History Vault.
You'll also hear two hosts, me and Tracy V. Wilson.
Hope you enjoy. Welcome to this Day in History class.
It's July. The New York Draft riots began on this
day in eighteen sixty three, and as that name suggests,
(00:22):
this was about the draft, but it was also about
racism and a range of socioeconomic conditions. In the eighteen sixties,
recent immigrants from Germany and Ireland made up a lot
of New York City's working class, and this was particularly
true of Irish immigrants. After the Great Famine in Ireland,
people had moved to the United States and other places
(00:43):
and really large numbers. Close to a quarter of New
York City residents at this time were from Ireland. These
people were mostly very poor. Most of them were making
a living doing manual labor things like digging ditches and
paving roads. They were not making a lot of money.
They didn't necessarily have a very secure job. And this
(01:03):
was happening during the Civil War, and at first most
of these people supported the war, but that started to
shift as the war progressed as people started to lose
friends and family members who were killed in battle. Also,
the Emancipation Proclamation shifted people's opinions. That was the proclamation
that freed all enslaved people in the rebelling States. And
(01:26):
so these workers in New York became really fearful that
people who had been liberated in the South were going
to move to New York and basically take their jobs,
or at least be competing for the same jobs. Then
Congress passed the Enrollment Act on March three of eighteen
sixty three, and this set up a wartime draft for
(01:46):
the Civil War. Unless you could find a substitute to
go in your place or pay a three hundred dollar fee,
if you were a man between the ages of twenty
and forty five, you were subject to the draft. These
working class immigrants were outraged. Now they were going to
be forced to go to war before it had been voluntary.
And by this point in the war, one of the
(02:08):
outcomes that the Union was working towards was the abolition
of slavery. So if slavery were abolished, that would mean
even more liberated people coming to New York City and
fighting for the same jobs. So people who were barely
making a living doing manual labor. They also could not
afford to pay three hundred dollars to get out of
(02:30):
being drafted. When troops left New York City to go
fight at Gettysburg, that left the city pretty much undefended.
And then on July eleven of eighteen sixty three, the
draft lottery took place for the first time. People who
were drafted that day or who knew people that were
drafted that day, met up in saloons and taverns and
meeting houses and started talking about how they could fight back.
(02:55):
Another lottery was supposed to take place a couple of
days later, on Monday, the third teenth, and they started
talking about how they could stop the lottery from happening.
One they went to the Prost Marshal's office, and the
people who went there to demonstrate included German speaking artisans.
There were volunteer firemen. Most of them were not actually immigrants,
(03:16):
most of them had been born in the United States.
A lot of Irish laborers were part of this group,
and there were women in the group as well. The
draft lottery was to start at ten thirty, and they
interrupted the lottery and they actually set fire to the building.
The riots spread from there. It started explicitly targeting black
(03:37):
people and Republicans. The Republican Party had been founded to
abolish slavery. They started looting merchants and stores. Part of
this was just to loot, but part of it was
also to try to get revenge on the wealthy, those
wealthy people who could afford that three hundred dollars to
get out of fighting in the war. This riot went
on for four days. There were some groups switched sides,
(04:00):
like the Volunteer Fireman started trying to quell the raid.
The people riding for most of it were primarily Irish immigrants.
Among the looting and the targeting of of the black
population and of Republicans, they burned down the Colored Orphan Asylum.
They targeted black residents and their homes and their property.
(04:22):
They also kept targeting businesses to try to get revenge
on the wealthy. A man named Abraham Franklin, who was
a disabled black coachman, was hanged. Eventually, both the New
York National Guard and the police were involved, and those
troops that had been sent from New York City to
fight in Gettysburg were called back to try to stop
the violence. It was only after that happened that the
(04:44):
riot subsided. This cause between one point five million and
two million dollars in property damage, and it was August
before the draft was really being enforced in New York City.
You could learn more about the New York Draft riots
in the April eleven episode of Stuffy Miss and History Class,
and you can subscribe to This Day in History Class
on Apple podcasts, Google podcasts, and whatever else you get
(05:05):
your podcasts. And tomorrow's show, we have somebody who's often
referred to as a queen, although she was not actually royalty.
Hey guys, welcome to this Day in History Class, where
we bring you a new tidbit from history every day.
(05:34):
The day was Duly nineteen thirty, the first FIFA World Cup,
the world championship from men's national soccer teams, began in
monte Video, Uruguay. FIFA, or the International Federation of Association Football,
is the international governing body for soccer. In nine Fiefless
Congress voted to hold a World championship for soccer. In
(05:57):
nineteen thirty, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Spain all expressed
interest in hosting the Championship, but Uruguay was willing to
pay for travel and hotel expenses and to build a
new stadium. Uruguay had also won the gold medal for
soccer or football as people outside of the US call it,
in the nineteen twenty four and nineteen eight Summer Olympics.
(06:20):
Plus nineteen thirty would mark the one d anniversary of
the adoption of Uruguay's first constitution. At the nineteen twenty
nine FIFA Congress in Barcelona, Uruguay was confirmed as the
hosting country. The first World Cup would be the only
without qualifications teams were invited. At the time, the Great
(06:41):
Depression was affecting economies all around the world. Many European
players were not able to or did not want to
make the trip to South America to participate in the championship.
Soccer did not earn them a living, and they were
afraid they would lose their jobs if they were away
for too long. Though many European teams did not take
part in the World World Cup, the president of FIFA
(07:02):
at the time, July Rimay, got Belgium, France, Romania and
Yugoslavia to participate. The King of Romania personally selected the
team members for the tournament and guaranteed their jobs would
still be there when they returned home. Mexico, the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile,
Pedaguay and Peru also participated in the World Cup, bringing
(07:25):
the total number of competing teams to thirteen. All the
European teams besides Yugoslavia, left Barcelona on June two, nineteen thirty,
on the s S conte Verde. The Yugoslavian team left
on its own on the MS Florida. The conte Verde
picked up the Brazilian players in Rio and stopped at Santos.
(07:45):
On July four, they arrived in Monte Budeo. Construction began
on the stadium built specifically for the World Cup, called
Estadio Centennario, in July of nineteen nine, but it was
still not finished by the time the World Cup began
on July third, teenh and the first match wasn't held
in the stadium until days later. The first games, France
(08:06):
versus Mexico and the US versus Belgium, were held that
day at the Positos and part Casententral stadiums in Monte Video.
Francis Lucien Laurent scored the first ever World Cup gold
nineteen minutes into the game. France beat Mexico for the
one in the US beat Belgium three to zero. Controversy
(08:27):
arose when referees ended France's second game versus Argentina six
minutes early. The official brought the teams back to finish
the game and Argentina won one to zero. Argentina and
the United States went up against each other in the semifinals,
which Argentina won six to one. The final, Argentina versus
Uruguay took place on July Somewhere between sixty eight thousand
(08:51):
and ninety thousand spectators were in the audience at the
Stadio Centcinnatio. Uruguay beat Argentina four to two, with Argentinianica
Throw scoring a minute before the match ended. The trophy
that Uruguay received was designed by a French gold gum
named Albert la. The first FIFA Women's World Cup was
held in nine though other unofficial international tournaments had been
(09:15):
held already starting in nineteen seventy. I'm Eve Jeff Cote,
and hopefully you know a little more about history today
than you did yesterday. If you have any burning questions
or comments to tell us. You can find us on Twitter, Instagram,
and Facebook at t D i h D podcast. We'll
(09:37):
see you tomorrow. For more podcasts from I Heeart Radio,
visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you
listen to your favorite shows.
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