May 7, 2025 • 31 mins
# 144 - Ruth Meets Boaz - In this episode of The Chosen People with Yael Eckstein, Ruth begins gleaning in Bethlehem’s fields to provide for Naomi and meets Boaz, a kind landowner connected to her late husband’s family. Their encounter marks the beginning of God’s provision through Ruth’s loyalty and Boaz’s generosity.
Episode 144 of The Chosen People with Yael Eckstein is inspired by the Book of Joshua.
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For more information about Yael Eckstein and IFCJ visit https://www.ifcj.org/
Today's opening prayer is inspired by Galatians 6:9, “Let us not grow weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up.”
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Show Notes:
(01:37) Intro with Yael Eckstein
(02:39) Ruth Meets Boaz
(24:36) Reflection with Yael Eckstein
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Transcript
Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
Speaker 1 (00:00):
Previously on the Chosen People. The thunderous finality of the
stone being rolled shut on grave hollowed out Naomi's soul
in way she had not thought was possible. Her sons
were buried in darkness with their father. Naomi wished she
could throw herself into that tomb.
Speaker 2 (00:22):
Each of you go back to your mother's home, the
families who can still make another marriage match for you.
Hurry go now before we are too much further out
of the territory.
Speaker 3 (00:34):
Wherever you go, I will go, and wherever you live,
I will live. Your people will be my people, and
your God will be my God. Where you die, I
will die, and there I will be married. May the
Lord punish me, and do so severely. If anything but
(00:55):
death separates you and.
Speaker 2 (00:57):
Me, then I guess it's all to Bethlehem we got.
Speaker 1 (01:02):
The two widows finally crossed the threshold of Bethlehem, a
town of white stone buildings situated on a ridge overlooking
hill after hill of farmland, mostly wheat and barley.
Speaker 3 (01:16):
Wait, your Naomi, is that you You've been away for
so long, but now you've returned.
Speaker 2 (01:25):
Don't call me that Naomi means pleasant, Call me mar
for the almighty has made me very bitter.
Speaker 4 (01:39):
Faithfulness is often forged in the smallest things, in a step,
in a vow, in a field, shello, my friends from
here in the holy land of Israel. I'm l Exstein
with international fellowship of Christians and Jews, and welcome to
the Chosen People. What does loyalty look like when the
world has offered or do nothing but loss? When all
(02:02):
that remains is a fractured life? Where do faithfulness and
hope find their footing? In Ruth chapter two, a young
widow steps into the fields of Bethlehem. She carries the
weight of a promise, bound not by blood, but by
a covenant of love. She doesn't know it yet, but
these fields are more than soil and crops. They're the
(02:23):
stage for something divine. And here's the question that we
must wrestle with. When life leaves us with only scraps,
do we still gather? Do we still believe that in
the ordinary the extraordinary weights?
Speaker 1 (02:42):
Ruth tripped as she hurried along the path as fast
as she could, without running or looking frightened. She caught
herself and straightened, but then winced at the cruel laughter
chortling from the field behind.
Speaker 5 (02:55):
Her, where are you going, little moabidis? All you widows
were desperate for a new husband.
Speaker 6 (03:03):
Ah An israelie man.
Speaker 2 (03:05):
She can seek her claws into like got dogs.
Speaker 1 (03:08):
He is no, she belongs with some uncircumcised dog of
her own kind.
Speaker 5 (03:16):
I can think of a better use for her while
she's here, though, Come back and you could be my concubine.
I'll even give you a peruta for your trouble, so
you don't have to beg behind us all day.
Speaker 1 (03:28):
She fought the urge to wipe the hot tears streaming
down her flushed face under the veil. She didn't want
to give the men the satisfaction of knowing that their
comments not only wounded her, but also terrified her. She
kept one foot in front of the other, trying to
distance herself from the cheering men working the field. It
(03:49):
had been much of the same in the first two
fields she tried. She had heard that the widows, orphans,
and poor were permitted to glean along the harvesters or
at the core of the fields according to the Hebrew laws,
but so far she had only been met with contempt
and ridicule. Ruth reached the bottom of the hill, out
(04:09):
of sight and earshot of the horrid men and finally
allowed herself to wipe away her tears. She cried out
in frustration, what am.
Speaker 3 (04:18):
I going to do? Where will I go?
Speaker 1 (04:23):
Ruth had left a still despondent Naomi at their crumbling
farmhouse that morning. The neighbors had been generous in bringing
food initially, but Ruth had to think of a more
permanent solution for their poverty stricken state, and certainly one
with more dignity than waiting for handouts, and so Ruth
asked Naomi for her leave to go and glean in
(04:46):
the fields near by, as stipulated by the law. Naomi
gave her a half hearted response, but that was all
the encouragement Ruth needed. But now Ruth was running out
of options. She feared what the men would do to
her if she returned. Feeling defeated, she trudged up the
next rise and gazed out of the rolling hills before her.
(05:09):
The soft golden barley bobbed and swayed on the gentle
breeze that rose up to meet her face. It dried
the tears on her cheeks, and she sighed and leaned
into its gentle touch. When she scanned the fields again.
She decided to head toward the one to the right
of the path, the direction the breeze had blown from.
(05:31):
She quickly found the workers in the field. She was
encouraged by seeing the other women and a few children
gleaning about a hundred paces behind the harvesters, carefully hunting
for scraps of grain in the stubble left behind. She
tentatively approached the harvesters hacking the lush barley stocks ahead
of gleaners with their iron sickles, and quickly identified the foreman.
Speaker 3 (05:55):
Please, master, may eye gleaned behind your workers.
Speaker 1 (06:00):
The foreman, an older man with deep set eyes and
a weathered lined face, looked up from his work and
held up a hand to block out the sun beating down.
Speaker 5 (06:09):
On them moor.
Speaker 1 (06:10):
The other workers paused their work to stare. Ruth straightened
her shoulders and stood tall before all the assessing eyes.
After a moment, he nodded curtly to her.
Speaker 5 (06:23):
I'm not the master, but you're welcome to join the
women and glean at the edges. You've a name.
Speaker 1 (06:30):
Ruth released a sharp breath. She had not realized she
was holding her breath. Upon further examination, the man, though
gruff seemed to be a no nonsense type. He would
be tough but fair.
Speaker 5 (06:44):
Thank you.
Speaker 3 (06:45):
My name is Ruth. My husband was Malon, son of Elimelech,
but since his death, I now live with Naomi, my
mother in law. We've just returned from Moab.
Speaker 1 (06:58):
The man's eyes softened ever so slightly.
Speaker 5 (07:01):
Alimelech, you say, I remember Alimelech in Naomi and their
two young sons too. We're of the same tribe and household.
Speaker 1 (07:11):
He paused, as if piecing together Ruth's tragic story from
her widow's garments.
Speaker 5 (07:17):
You have my condolences for your losses. You can follow
behind my master's harvesters. No one will bother you. We
all obey his command.
Speaker 1 (07:26):
Here relief flooded over Ruth, and she bowed deeply toward
the man. He nodded again, curtly, and returned to his
task of overseeing the harvesters cutting and bundling the barley.
The women and children watched her warily as she fell
behind them and searched the stubbled ground for any barley
(07:47):
they may have left behind. Her heart sank as she
perceived their chilly reception for what it was. She was
doubly marked as an outsider, even if she abandoned her
widow's garments, and she was still a foreigner, vulnerable and alone.
Ruth uneasily continued hunting through the cut stalks as the
(08:09):
others forged ahead, leaving her to trail behind. Her eyes
again blurred with tears, but she continued to sift through
the prickly leftovers of the cut barley, head down, jaw clenched,
but refusing to allow the circumstances of her new life
to beat her down. Boaz savored the gentle breeze that
(08:35):
cooled his cheeks and the back of his neck. It
caused the fields of golden grain to dance and bob
before him as he took in the familiar sight of
his home with a content smile. He tugged on the
reins and urged his donkey to follow as he descended
the hill, enjoying the mild exercise of stretching his legs.
(08:57):
After three days of travel on the old, old Faithful
Beasts back, he knew the donkey was relieved to be
home too. Boas chuckled as it gave an excited bray
and picked up its pace. The wide expanse of the
swaying crop, endless blue sky and absence of crowds was
a similarly welcome balm after the clamoring and chaotic excitement
(09:21):
of the capital city of Shiloh. The vibrant colors of
the tabernacle curtains still swirled in his mind's eye, and
he could almost still taste the aroma and smoke of
burnt offerings clinging to the back of his throat. The
smell certainly lingered on his clothes. The yearly excursions to
(09:43):
the city flooded the senses and filled him with awe.
But Boaz was thankful to be home at last, and
away from the people who pressed in on one another,
their voices overlapping and raised over the bleating of animals
and the din of music.
Speaker 6 (10:00):
Ah. It's good to be home, ah, But it's less
and less of us. Each year, fewer and fewer of
the families want to make the pilgrimage for Passover.
Speaker 1 (10:16):
Boaz had left the meager group of other pilgrims who
still honored the Lord on the edge of town. The
vast majority of the other prominent men and women of
Bethlehem had strayed from the faith of their forefathers, all
become so fixated on amassing their wealth that they couldn't
be bothered with God at all. Boaz knew that many
(10:37):
in their town thought it strange that he had never
married or fathered children. In fact, they also thought his
faith and devotion to the Lord strange. But Boaz came
from parents who were full of incredible faith. His mother, Raehab,
was a woman of faith who captured his father's heart
and forever changed the course of history. A little spark
(11:01):
of hope within Boaz told him he should pursue a
wife with the same faith, but that woman never emerged.
He had come close to matrimony several times, but when
it came down to it, neither he nor his parents
could find satisfaction in the match. Parents no longer taught
their children the law or the way to follow the Lord,
(11:23):
and so their daughters loved the world and were strangers
to God. Boaz instead focused on tilling and reaping the
land he had been given, doing his best to honor
the Lord. And to everyone else's surprise, but boazis the
Lord blessed him. Despite the long years of recovery after
(11:43):
the famine, Boaz's crops were abundant. Soon his fields multiplied
and his wealth amassed in kind. Boaz stewarded all that
the Lord had given him, well, even down to how
he treated his servants, and allowed the poor and vulnerable
to glean on the lad As he approached the edge
(12:03):
of his field, he could see a small group of them. Now,
a servant came from the direction of his house to
take the donkey from him so he could go out
to meet his foreman.
Speaker 6 (12:14):
Hah Malac. The Lord be with you.
Speaker 1 (12:18):
The stern foreman looked up at his master, and a
rare smile tugged at the man's perpetually serious expression.
Speaker 5 (12:26):
Master bo has you've returned, The Lord bless you.
Speaker 1 (12:30):
In return, Boaz grinned and addressed the rest of the
harvesters and even the gleaners trailing behind them.
Speaker 6 (12:37):
The Lord be with you all, The Lord bless.
Speaker 1 (12:40):
Boaz nodded deeply to the group, and then clasped a
large hand on the shoulder of his foreman in camaraderie.
Despite their social disparity, Boaz sought to treat everyone under
his care with dignity, respect, and even love. The foreman
was a gruff old man, but Boaz had seen the
(13:01):
severe man's heart soften over the years as he managed
his master's fields.
Speaker 6 (13:07):
Tell me, my dear Malac, how goes the harvest?
Speaker 5 (13:11):
Very well? Master boys? As to be expected? How was
your journey to shiloh Oh.
Speaker 7 (13:17):
Has to be expected? Thank you for keeping order here
while I was away? Malark nodded formally. Just then that
breeze picked up again, and movement of dark fabric drifting
in the wind caught his attention. He gave the gleaners
another look. Several of the women and young children he
had seen before, but there was a newcomer, a widow,
(13:42):
and though Boaz would never consider himself an expert in
the fashions of the day, something about the subtle color
and cut of her dress made him realize she was
a foreigner. Even the way the others were apart from
her marked the difference, and she, in turn kept her
head down, scarcely looking up from her determined work of
(14:03):
gleaning through the stubbed stalks, hunting through the already picked
through patches of the other gleners. He could tell, by
her movements and the faint outline of her face through
the dark veil in the sun's bright light, that she
was young and tenacious. Far too young to be a widow,
and far too young to be in such a desperate position.
Speaker 6 (14:26):
Momak, Whose young woman is this?
Speaker 5 (14:29):
She is the young moabide woman who returned with Naomi
from their territory of Moab. Naomi Thelimelech's wife, the very same.
What a tragedy Liimelec and his two sons perished in
that forsaken land. It's a wonder why this young girl
followed Naomi here at all. Surely she would have been
(14:50):
better off in Moab than here amongst strangers taking care
of her mother in law.
Speaker 1 (14:55):
Boaz pursed his lips and studied Ruth from Afar. What
kind of loyalty was this? Surely she should have returned
to her people when she had the chance.
Speaker 5 (15:06):
Yeah, she arrived here early this morning. I think she
had a hard time at the other farms. You know,
ours is not the closest to a Limelec's property. She
had a look of defeat on her shoulders when she arrived.
She's a hard worker. She's scarcely stopped or taken a
break since she joined us.
Speaker 1 (15:26):
Boaz nodded as he took in Mallark's words. Compelled by
a compassion he could not articulate. He strode over to
where the young widow was kneeling in the dirt. She
peered up at him as his shadow fell before her.
The thin fabric of Ruth's veil blurred his face ever
so slightly, but he smiled down at her before stooping
(15:48):
to his knees. He had deep set, pensive eyes under
a heavy brow. He had a steadiness and a restraint
to him that marked his status as a man of importance.
Ruth knew he was the master of the vast property,
and she was taken aback that such an important man
would stoop to address her. But address her he did,
(16:11):
tell me, daughter, what.
Speaker 6 (16:13):
Is your name?
Speaker 3 (16:13):
My name is Ruth. My husband was Malon, but I
came here to live with my mother in law, Naomi Ruth.
Speaker 6 (16:23):
I'm Boas, son of Salmon. I remember Naomi.
Speaker 1 (16:28):
Well, Ruth and Boaz stared at one another for a moment,
a moment charged with more than curiosity. Boas seemed to
have something more to say, but thought better of it.
Speaker 6 (16:43):
Listen, my daughter, Ruth, don't go and gather in another field.
Stay in this one. You may stay close to my servants.
See which field they're harvesting in and follow them. No
one here will touch you or you if you're thirsty,
go and drink from the jars of water they have filled.
Speaker 1 (17:05):
Now it was Boas's turn to be surprised at Ruth's actions.
Her face was obscured by the widow's veil, but she
let out a bewildered sigh and fell face down before him.
When she spoke, her voice was thick with emotion.
Speaker 3 (17:23):
Why why have I found such favor with you? Don't
you recognize that I am a foreigner? How is it
you are even acknowledging me at all and treating me
with such kindness.
Speaker 1 (17:39):
Ruth's mind was racing. Who was this man who kneeled
in the dirt and offered her protection, This man who
not only honored the lore of the Hebrews but extended
kindness as well. Boaz's heart ached at the depths of
pain and scorn Ruth had undoubtedly experienced to warrant such
(17:59):
a reaction. He suppressed the urge to reach out and
help her to her feet. It was not proper conduct,
and besides, he did not know if she would even
receive such a gesture. There was no telling what abuse
she had endured before arriving at his farm, Ruth look
at me. She was surprised at how the gentle sound
(18:22):
of her name on his lips comforted her and calmed
her racing mind. Hesitantly, Ruth raised her head and found
Boaz's steady, welcoming smile radiating down at her. She was
surprised by how much she enjoyed the way his broad
face lit up with an even broader smile, nearly closing
(18:44):
his deep set eyes. She did not know what to
say that she had not already sobbed into the ground.
Ruth still did not know what she did to deserve
such kindness.
Speaker 6 (18:56):
I understand what returning with Naomi costume, losing your husband.
For that, I am sorry. But I also understand the
depth of your sacrifice in leaving your father and mother
and your native land to be loyal to your mother
in law, to your husband's people.
Speaker 3 (19:17):
How could I not? I promised that I would take
care of her. I promised to never abandon her or
her God. Naomi's people are my people, and her God
is my God. Now it is in him I have
placed my trust. How could I turn back now? How
(19:38):
could I turn my back on my faith.
Speaker 1 (19:41):
It was as if the breath was stolen from Boas's lungs.
The faith of this young woman to wholeheartedly accept the
Lord as she had done despite her upbringing. Why Boas
could think of only one other person in the whole
world who had done that. Cocked her head inquisitively at
(20:02):
the odd expression that had come over Boaz's face.
Speaker 6 (20:06):
Master Boaz, you remind me of another great woman of faith,
but my mother Rayham. Her faith paved the way for
the Lord to topple the walls of Jericho.
Speaker 1 (20:19):
Ruth was stunned. She did not know who Rayhab was,
but she knew about the walls of Jericho, and she
knew that Boaz had just paid her a wildly generous compliment.
She knew he could not perceive her blush under the veil,
but she blushed all the more thinking about it.
Speaker 6 (20:40):
I would give you a blessing if you would accept it.
Speaker 3 (20:43):
I will.
Speaker 6 (20:45):
May the Lord reward you for what you've done, and
may you receive a full reward from the Lord of Israel,
under whose wings you've come for refuge.
Speaker 3 (20:55):
Master Boaz, I am amazed. I have found favor with you.
You have comforted and encouraged, your servant, for that is
what I am.
Speaker 1 (21:07):
Boaz smiled and inclined his head respectfully to Ruth. The
pair once more stared in wordless admiration at one another.
Boaz broke the silence, first, noticing that the other servants
were starting to disperse for the meal, he invited Ruth
to join him and the others. Ruth wondered at the
camaraderie between the master and his servants. They undoubtedly revered him,
(21:32):
and in return he spoke with such familiarity and kindness.
This was a group of people who truly knew and
honored one another. She then realized that this was the
picture of the law of the Hebrews Naomi had described,
these people living at peace and in harmony with one another.
(21:53):
Boaz led them in prayers and fed them from the
abundance of his table. He even offered in a vinegar source,
a delicacy that Ruth never imagined would be extended to
her as a servant. Even lower than a servant, Ruth
was so overwhelmed by the familial spirit of the group
(22:13):
that she attempted to return to her work in the
field at the first opportunity she could Boaz let her leave, lightly,
sensing her unease at being away from her task on
behalf of her mother in law, but insisted that she
take with her leftovers from their meal. But the generosity
did not stop there. Boaz instructed his servants to pull
(22:36):
out whole stalks from the bundles for her to gather.
By the evening, she had almost thirty pounds of barley
to take home to Naomi. When she arrived on the
threshold of the worn down farmhouse, the outline of her
bundle of grain filled the entryway. Naomi gaped at the sight.
Speaker 6 (22:56):
Ruth, where did you gather to day?
Speaker 1 (23:00):
Lord?
Speaker 2 (23:00):
Bless the man who noticed you?
Speaker 1 (23:02):
Ruth beamed at Naomi's words and at her level of engagement.
Naomi was so numb and beaten down that hardly a
whisper of an emotion flitted across her face most days.
Ruth carefully dropped the bundles of grain down on the ground.
Ruth was more than eager to supply the answer to
(23:22):
her stunned questions.
Speaker 3 (23:25):
The name of the man is Boaz, Boaz said, of
salmon and rayhab.
Speaker 1 (23:30):
The strangest expression came over Naomi's face. Ruth could not
discern its meaning. It was as if Naomi remembered something
long forgotten in the recesses of her mind.
Speaker 2 (23:43):
Boaz, you said, Boaz, Yes.
Speaker 3 (23:47):
Do you know him? He said, he remembers you.
Speaker 2 (23:51):
I suppose he is not the only one who has
remembered us.
Speaker 1 (23:57):
Tears sprang into Naomi's eyes eyes, and she fumbled for
the chair behind her before collapsing into it. Ruth rushed
to Naomi's side as Naomi began to laugh. As she cried,
Ruth couldn't help but laugh and cry right along with her,
though she wasn't sure why. With this confusing joy, the
(24:19):
light had returned to Naomi's eyes. She looked more alive
and alert than Ruth had ever seen her. She marveled
at the sight of her mother in law. Ruth then
realized that what she was seeing was the return of hope.
Speaker 4 (24:38):
What a profound chapter of faithfulness and provision doesn't unfold
with grand miracles or fury spectacles. Instead, it whispers through
the rhythm of the harvest, the sweat of hard work,
and the kindness of one man. It reminds us that
God doesn't just move and storms and sees He's present
(25:00):
and fields of grain and the courage to keep walking
in the quiet resolve of someone who says, I'll stay.
And this isn't just Ruth's story, it's ours too. Today
I want to talk about a very important Hebrew word.
That word is ressaid. It's often translated to English as
(25:24):
loving kindness, but it really means doing kind acts that
are above and beyond. It means going farther and being
kind than expected. The Book of Ruth introduces us to
three characters who display the trait of heresid. We've already
talked about Naomi, a mother in law who treats her
(25:45):
formally Moabite daughter in law as a true daughter. And
we've met Ruth, a widow and formerly a wealthy Moabite
who is now a proud member of the Chosen People.
And today we find Ruth gleaning along with the poor
in the field to help support Naomi. The third character
who displays hesid is boas a wealthy man who helps
(26:09):
his needy relatives and does so respectfully, showing dignity to
the neediest. Now, the Jewish ages asked a question about
the Book of Ruth. They ask why was this book
even included in the Bible. It doesn't teach us any
new laws. It doesn't tell us anything that we're supposed
to do or that we're not supposed to do. But
(26:31):
as we've seen time and time again, the sages answered
their own question. They explain that the reason this story
is included in the Bible is because it teaches us
the importance of hessied. We not only need to be kind,
we need to be kind even when it may not
be expected of us. This idea is actually the basis
(26:53):
for the organization the ministry that I lead, the International
Fellowship of Christians and Jews. We help millions of needy people,
and we try hard to do it with this very
special biblical kindness, with a calling from God, with the
idea and belief that we are so honored to be
(27:13):
able to help, we do everything we do with resaid.
We don't just bring hungry people food. Rather, our staff
and volunteers sit with those people who receive our help
and talk with them and love them and listen to them.
Because people who are hungry are often very lonely as well,
(27:33):
and because everyone needs nourishment for their spirits just as
they need it for their bodies. So the Book of
Ruth that we're studying right Now is not just a
story for us, is an example for each one of
us how to act towards people who are in need.
The fields of Bethlehem seem ordinary enough, don't they a
(27:54):
place of dirt and sweat and survival. But in the Bible,
fields are rarely just. They're often where heaven and earth meet.
Think of Eden, where humanity first walked with God, or
the fields of Esau, where Jacob wrestled for a Birthright now,
(28:14):
Ruth steps onto a field with a similar significance. She
doesn't belong there, not really. She's a awa bite, a
foreigner in a land where lineage is everything. And yet
she's there not by accident, but by choice. She made
a vow to Naomi, a covenant that echoed the language
of Israel's own covenant with the Lord. As we've seen
(28:38):
again and again, a covenant isn't just a promise. Rather,
it's a bond stronger than blood. So when Ruth declared,
your people will be my people, and your God my God,
she wasn't just being kind. She was entering a sacred relationship,
one that reflected the heart of God. As I said earlier,
(29:01):
this age's marveled at Ruth's Chres said. This Chres said
wasn't demanded of Ruth, but she chose it anyways. It
was beyond loving kindness. It was a calling. And who
would have thought that the Messiah's lineage would be tied
to a foreigner, to a widow, to someone gathering scraps?
(29:25):
But isn't that the way of God to weave his
promises through the unlikely, the overlooked, the humble, this field,
this moment. It's more than it seems, and so is Ruth.
Ruth's faithfulness mirrors the faithfulness of God himself. When Ruth
walked into those fields, she gave everything, her identity, her future,
(29:49):
to a covenant that she didn't have to make, and
she became part of a greater story, story of the
Chosen People. So what does Ruth teach us? That faithfulness
isn't always loud? It's often quiet, steady, and full of grit.
Maybe you feel like you're just gleaning in life, scraping
(30:12):
by showing up doing the next thing. But here's the encouragement.
God meets us in the fields, Like Ruth, your small
acts of faithfulness just might be paving the way for
something far beyond what you can even imagine. So keep gathering,
keep trusting, because with God, even the scraps are holy. Sello,
(30:35):
my friends from here in the Holy Land.
Speaker 1 (30:39):
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Steve Katina, Max Bard, Zach Shellavaga and Ben Gammon are
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(31:02):
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the opening prayer is voiced by John Moore. Music by
Andrew Morgan Smith, written by Aaron Salvado, bre Rosalie and
(31:26):
Chris Baig. Special thanks to Bishop Paul Lanier, Robin van Ettin,
Kayleb Burrows, Jocelyn Fuller and the team at International Fellowship
of Christians and Jews. You can hear more prey dot
com productions on the Prey dot Com app, available on
the Apple App Store and Google play Store. If you
enjoyed The Chosen People with Yile Eckstein, please rate and
(31:48):
leave a review.
Previously on the Chosen People. The thunderous finality of the
stone being rolled shut on grave hollowed out Naomi's soul
in way she had not thought was possible. Her sons
were buried in darkness with their father. Naomi wished she
could throw herself into that tomb.
Speaker 2 (00:22):
Each of you go back to your mother's home, the
families who can still make another marriage match for you.
Hurry go now before we are too much further out
of the territory.
Speaker 3 (00:34):
Wherever you go, I will go, and wherever you live,
I will live. Your people will be my people, and
your God will be my God. Where you die, I
will die, and there I will be married. May the
Lord punish me, and do so severely. If anything but
(00:55):
death separates you and.
Speaker 2 (00:57):
Me, then I guess it's all to Bethlehem we got.
Speaker 1 (01:02):
The two widows finally crossed the threshold of Bethlehem, a
town of white stone buildings situated on a ridge overlooking
hill after hill of farmland, mostly wheat and barley.
Speaker 3 (01:16):
Wait, your Naomi, is that you You've been away for
so long, but now you've returned.
Speaker 2 (01:25):
Don't call me that Naomi means pleasant, Call me mar
for the almighty has made me very bitter.
Speaker 4 (01:39):
Faithfulness is often forged in the smallest things, in a step,
in a vow, in a field, shello, my friends from
here in the holy land of Israel. I'm l Exstein
with international fellowship of Christians and Jews, and welcome to
the Chosen People. What does loyalty look like when the
world has offered or do nothing but loss? When all
(02:02):
that remains is a fractured life? Where do faithfulness and
hope find their footing? In Ruth chapter two, a young
widow steps into the fields of Bethlehem. She carries the
weight of a promise, bound not by blood, but by
a covenant of love. She doesn't know it yet, but
these fields are more than soil and crops. They're the
(02:23):
stage for something divine. And here's the question that we
must wrestle with. When life leaves us with only scraps,
do we still gather? Do we still believe that in
the ordinary the extraordinary weights?
Speaker 1 (02:42):
Ruth tripped as she hurried along the path as fast
as she could, without running or looking frightened. She caught
herself and straightened, but then winced at the cruel laughter
chortling from the field behind.
Speaker 5 (02:55):
Her, where are you going, little moabidis? All you widows
were desperate for a new husband.
Speaker 6 (03:03):
Ah An israelie man.
Speaker 2 (03:05):
She can seek her claws into like got dogs.
Speaker 1 (03:08):
He is no, she belongs with some uncircumcised dog of
her own kind.
Speaker 5 (03:16):
I can think of a better use for her while
she's here, though, Come back and you could be my concubine.
I'll even give you a peruta for your trouble, so
you don't have to beg behind us all day.
Speaker 1 (03:28):
She fought the urge to wipe the hot tears streaming
down her flushed face under the veil. She didn't want
to give the men the satisfaction of knowing that their
comments not only wounded her, but also terrified her. She
kept one foot in front of the other, trying to
distance herself from the cheering men working the field. It
(03:49):
had been much of the same in the first two
fields she tried. She had heard that the widows, orphans,
and poor were permitted to glean along the harvesters or
at the core of the fields according to the Hebrew laws,
but so far she had only been met with contempt
and ridicule. Ruth reached the bottom of the hill, out
(04:09):
of sight and earshot of the horrid men and finally
allowed herself to wipe away her tears. She cried out
in frustration, what am.
Speaker 3 (04:18):
I going to do? Where will I go?
Speaker 1 (04:23):
Ruth had left a still despondent Naomi at their crumbling
farmhouse that morning. The neighbors had been generous in bringing
food initially, but Ruth had to think of a more
permanent solution for their poverty stricken state, and certainly one
with more dignity than waiting for handouts, and so Ruth
asked Naomi for her leave to go and glean in
(04:46):
the fields near by, as stipulated by the law. Naomi
gave her a half hearted response, but that was all
the encouragement Ruth needed. But now Ruth was running out
of options. She feared what the men would do to
her if she returned. Feeling defeated, she trudged up the
next rise and gazed out of the rolling hills before her.
(05:09):
The soft golden barley bobbed and swayed on the gentle
breeze that rose up to meet her face. It dried
the tears on her cheeks, and she sighed and leaned
into its gentle touch. When she scanned the fields again.
She decided to head toward the one to the right
of the path, the direction the breeze had blown from.
(05:31):
She quickly found the workers in the field. She was
encouraged by seeing the other women and a few children
gleaning about a hundred paces behind the harvesters, carefully hunting
for scraps of grain in the stubble left behind. She
tentatively approached the harvesters hacking the lush barley stocks ahead
of gleaners with their iron sickles, and quickly identified the foreman.
Speaker 3 (05:55):
Please, master, may eye gleaned behind your workers.
Speaker 1 (06:00):
The foreman, an older man with deep set eyes and
a weathered lined face, looked up from his work and
held up a hand to block out the sun beating down.
Speaker 5 (06:09):
On them moor.
Speaker 1 (06:10):
The other workers paused their work to stare. Ruth straightened
her shoulders and stood tall before all the assessing eyes.
After a moment, he nodded curtly to her.
Speaker 5 (06:23):
I'm not the master, but you're welcome to join the
women and glean at the edges. You've a name.
Speaker 1 (06:30):
Ruth released a sharp breath. She had not realized she
was holding her breath. Upon further examination, the man, though
gruff seemed to be a no nonsense type. He would
be tough but fair.
Speaker 5 (06:44):
Thank you.
Speaker 3 (06:45):
My name is Ruth. My husband was Malon, son of Elimelech,
but since his death, I now live with Naomi, my
mother in law. We've just returned from Moab.
Speaker 1 (06:58):
The man's eyes softened ever so slightly.
Speaker 5 (07:01):
Alimelech, you say, I remember Alimelech in Naomi and their
two young sons too. We're of the same tribe and household.
Speaker 1 (07:11):
He paused, as if piecing together Ruth's tragic story from
her widow's garments.
Speaker 5 (07:17):
You have my condolences for your losses. You can follow
behind my master's harvesters. No one will bother you. We
all obey his command.
Speaker 1 (07:26):
Here relief flooded over Ruth, and she bowed deeply toward
the man. He nodded again, curtly, and returned to his
task of overseeing the harvesters cutting and bundling the barley.
The women and children watched her warily as she fell
behind them and searched the stubbled ground for any barley
(07:47):
they may have left behind. Her heart sank as she
perceived their chilly reception for what it was. She was
doubly marked as an outsider, even if she abandoned her
widow's garments, and she was still a foreigner, vulnerable and alone.
Ruth uneasily continued hunting through the cut stalks as the
(08:09):
others forged ahead, leaving her to trail behind. Her eyes
again blurred with tears, but she continued to sift through
the prickly leftovers of the cut barley, head down, jaw clenched,
but refusing to allow the circumstances of her new life
to beat her down. Boaz savored the gentle breeze that
(08:35):
cooled his cheeks and the back of his neck. It
caused the fields of golden grain to dance and bob
before him as he took in the familiar sight of
his home with a content smile. He tugged on the
reins and urged his donkey to follow as he descended
the hill, enjoying the mild exercise of stretching his legs.
(08:57):
After three days of travel on the old, old Faithful
Beasts back, he knew the donkey was relieved to be
home too. Boas chuckled as it gave an excited bray
and picked up its pace. The wide expanse of the
swaying crop, endless blue sky and absence of crowds was
a similarly welcome balm after the clamoring and chaotic excitement
(09:21):
of the capital city of Shiloh. The vibrant colors of
the tabernacle curtains still swirled in his mind's eye, and
he could almost still taste the aroma and smoke of
burnt offerings clinging to the back of his throat. The
smell certainly lingered on his clothes. The yearly excursions to
(09:43):
the city flooded the senses and filled him with awe.
But Boaz was thankful to be home at last, and
away from the people who pressed in on one another,
their voices overlapping and raised over the bleating of animals
and the din of music.
Speaker 6 (10:00):
Ah. It's good to be home, ah, But it's less
and less of us. Each year, fewer and fewer of
the families want to make the pilgrimage for Passover.
Speaker 1 (10:16):
Boaz had left the meager group of other pilgrims who
still honored the Lord on the edge of town. The
vast majority of the other prominent men and women of
Bethlehem had strayed from the faith of their forefathers, all
become so fixated on amassing their wealth that they couldn't
be bothered with God at all. Boaz knew that many
(10:37):
in their town thought it strange that he had never
married or fathered children. In fact, they also thought his
faith and devotion to the Lord strange. But Boaz came
from parents who were full of incredible faith. His mother, Raehab,
was a woman of faith who captured his father's heart
and forever changed the course of history. A little spark
(11:01):
of hope within Boaz told him he should pursue a
wife with the same faith, but that woman never emerged.
He had come close to matrimony several times, but when
it came down to it, neither he nor his parents
could find satisfaction in the match. Parents no longer taught
their children the law or the way to follow the Lord,
(11:23):
and so their daughters loved the world and were strangers
to God. Boaz instead focused on tilling and reaping the
land he had been given, doing his best to honor
the Lord. And to everyone else's surprise, but boazis the
Lord blessed him. Despite the long years of recovery after
(11:43):
the famine, Boaz's crops were abundant. Soon his fields multiplied
and his wealth amassed in kind. Boaz stewarded all that
the Lord had given him, well, even down to how
he treated his servants, and allowed the poor and vulnerable
to glean on the lad As he approached the edge
(12:03):
of his field, he could see a small group of them. Now,
a servant came from the direction of his house to
take the donkey from him so he could go out
to meet his foreman.
Speaker 6 (12:14):
Hah Malac. The Lord be with you.
Speaker 1 (12:18):
The stern foreman looked up at his master, and a
rare smile tugged at the man's perpetually serious expression.
Speaker 5 (12:26):
Master bo has you've returned, The Lord bless you.
Speaker 1 (12:30):
In return, Boaz grinned and addressed the rest of the
harvesters and even the gleaners trailing behind them.
Speaker 6 (12:37):
The Lord be with you all, The Lord bless.
Speaker 1 (12:40):
Boaz nodded deeply to the group, and then clasped a
large hand on the shoulder of his foreman in camaraderie.
Despite their social disparity, Boaz sought to treat everyone under
his care with dignity, respect, and even love. The foreman
was a gruff old man, but Boaz had seen the
(13:01):
severe man's heart soften over the years as he managed
his master's fields.
Speaker 6 (13:07):
Tell me, my dear Malac, how goes the harvest?
Speaker 5 (13:11):
Very well? Master boys? As to be expected? How was
your journey to shiloh Oh.
Speaker 7 (13:17):
Has to be expected? Thank you for keeping order here
while I was away? Malark nodded formally. Just then that
breeze picked up again, and movement of dark fabric drifting
in the wind caught his attention. He gave the gleaners
another look. Several of the women and young children he
had seen before, but there was a newcomer, a widow,
(13:42):
and though Boaz would never consider himself an expert in
the fashions of the day, something about the subtle color
and cut of her dress made him realize she was
a foreigner. Even the way the others were apart from
her marked the difference, and she, in turn kept her
head down, scarcely looking up from her determined work of
(14:03):
gleaning through the stubbed stalks, hunting through the already picked
through patches of the other gleners. He could tell, by
her movements and the faint outline of her face through
the dark veil in the sun's bright light, that she
was young and tenacious. Far too young to be a widow,
and far too young to be in such a desperate position.
Speaker 6 (14:26):
Momak, Whose young woman is this?
Speaker 5 (14:29):
She is the young moabide woman who returned with Naomi
from their territory of Moab. Naomi Thelimelech's wife, the very same.
What a tragedy Liimelec and his two sons perished in
that forsaken land. It's a wonder why this young girl
followed Naomi here at all. Surely she would have been
(14:50):
better off in Moab than here amongst strangers taking care
of her mother in law.
Speaker 1 (14:55):
Boaz pursed his lips and studied Ruth from Afar. What
kind of loyalty was this? Surely she should have returned
to her people when she had the chance.
Speaker 5 (15:06):
Yeah, she arrived here early this morning. I think she
had a hard time at the other farms. You know,
ours is not the closest to a Limelec's property. She
had a look of defeat on her shoulders when she arrived.
She's a hard worker. She's scarcely stopped or taken a
break since she joined us.
Speaker 1 (15:26):
Boaz nodded as he took in Mallark's words. Compelled by
a compassion he could not articulate. He strode over to
where the young widow was kneeling in the dirt. She
peered up at him as his shadow fell before her.
The thin fabric of Ruth's veil blurred his face ever
so slightly, but he smiled down at her before stooping
(15:48):
to his knees. He had deep set, pensive eyes under
a heavy brow. He had a steadiness and a restraint
to him that marked his status as a man of importance.
Ruth knew he was the master of the vast property,
and she was taken aback that such an important man
would stoop to address her. But address her he did,
(16:11):
tell me, daughter, what.
Speaker 6 (16:13):
Is your name?
Speaker 3 (16:13):
My name is Ruth. My husband was Malon, but I
came here to live with my mother in law, Naomi Ruth.
Speaker 6 (16:23):
I'm Boas, son of Salmon. I remember Naomi.
Speaker 1 (16:28):
Well, Ruth and Boaz stared at one another for a moment,
a moment charged with more than curiosity. Boas seemed to
have something more to say, but thought better of it.
Speaker 6 (16:43):
Listen, my daughter, Ruth, don't go and gather in another field.
Stay in this one. You may stay close to my servants.
See which field they're harvesting in and follow them. No
one here will touch you or you if you're thirsty,
go and drink from the jars of water they have filled.
Speaker 1 (17:05):
Now it was Boas's turn to be surprised at Ruth's actions.
Her face was obscured by the widow's veil, but she
let out a bewildered sigh and fell face down before him.
When she spoke, her voice was thick with emotion.
Speaker 3 (17:23):
Why why have I found such favor with you? Don't
you recognize that I am a foreigner? How is it
you are even acknowledging me at all and treating me
with such kindness.
Speaker 1 (17:39):
Ruth's mind was racing. Who was this man who kneeled
in the dirt and offered her protection, This man who
not only honored the lore of the Hebrews but extended
kindness as well. Boaz's heart ached at the depths of
pain and scorn Ruth had undoubtedly experienced to warrant such
(17:59):
a reaction. He suppressed the urge to reach out and
help her to her feet. It was not proper conduct,
and besides, he did not know if she would even
receive such a gesture. There was no telling what abuse
she had endured before arriving at his farm, Ruth look
at me. She was surprised at how the gentle sound
(18:22):
of her name on his lips comforted her and calmed
her racing mind. Hesitantly, Ruth raised her head and found
Boaz's steady, welcoming smile radiating down at her. She was
surprised by how much she enjoyed the way his broad
face lit up with an even broader smile, nearly closing
(18:44):
his deep set eyes. She did not know what to
say that she had not already sobbed into the ground.
Ruth still did not know what she did to deserve
such kindness.
Speaker 6 (18:56):
I understand what returning with Naomi costume, losing your husband.
For that, I am sorry. But I also understand the
depth of your sacrifice in leaving your father and mother
and your native land to be loyal to your mother
in law, to your husband's people.
Speaker 3 (19:17):
How could I not? I promised that I would take
care of her. I promised to never abandon her or
her God. Naomi's people are my people, and her God
is my God. Now it is in him I have
placed my trust. How could I turn back now? How
(19:38):
could I turn my back on my faith.
Speaker 1 (19:41):
It was as if the breath was stolen from Boas's lungs.
The faith of this young woman to wholeheartedly accept the
Lord as she had done despite her upbringing. Why Boas
could think of only one other person in the whole
world who had done that. Cocked her head inquisitively at
(20:02):
the odd expression that had come over Boaz's face.
Speaker 6 (20:06):
Master Boaz, you remind me of another great woman of faith,
but my mother Rayham. Her faith paved the way for
the Lord to topple the walls of Jericho.
Speaker 1 (20:19):
Ruth was stunned. She did not know who Rayhab was,
but she knew about the walls of Jericho, and she
knew that Boaz had just paid her a wildly generous compliment.
She knew he could not perceive her blush under the veil,
but she blushed all the more thinking about it.
Speaker 6 (20:40):
I would give you a blessing if you would accept it.
Speaker 3 (20:43):
I will.
Speaker 6 (20:45):
May the Lord reward you for what you've done, and
may you receive a full reward from the Lord of Israel,
under whose wings you've come for refuge.
Speaker 3 (20:55):
Master Boaz, I am amazed. I have found favor with you.
You have comforted and encouraged, your servant, for that is
what I am.
Speaker 1 (21:07):
Boaz smiled and inclined his head respectfully to Ruth. The
pair once more stared in wordless admiration at one another.
Boaz broke the silence, first, noticing that the other servants
were starting to disperse for the meal, he invited Ruth
to join him and the others. Ruth wondered at the
camaraderie between the master and his servants. They undoubtedly revered him,
(21:32):
and in return he spoke with such familiarity and kindness.
This was a group of people who truly knew and
honored one another. She then realized that this was the
picture of the law of the Hebrews Naomi had described,
these people living at peace and in harmony with one another.
(21:53):
Boaz led them in prayers and fed them from the
abundance of his table. He even offered in a vinegar source,
a delicacy that Ruth never imagined would be extended to
her as a servant. Even lower than a servant, Ruth
was so overwhelmed by the familial spirit of the group
(22:13):
that she attempted to return to her work in the
field at the first opportunity she could Boaz let her leave, lightly,
sensing her unease at being away from her task on
behalf of her mother in law, but insisted that she
take with her leftovers from their meal. But the generosity
did not stop there. Boaz instructed his servants to pull
(22:36):
out whole stalks from the bundles for her to gather.
By the evening, she had almost thirty pounds of barley
to take home to Naomi. When she arrived on the
threshold of the worn down farmhouse, the outline of her
bundle of grain filled the entryway. Naomi gaped at the sight.
Speaker 6 (22:56):
Ruth, where did you gather to day?
Speaker 1 (23:00):
Lord?
Speaker 2 (23:00):
Bless the man who noticed you?
Speaker 1 (23:02):
Ruth beamed at Naomi's words and at her level of engagement.
Naomi was so numb and beaten down that hardly a
whisper of an emotion flitted across her face most days.
Ruth carefully dropped the bundles of grain down on the ground.
Ruth was more than eager to supply the answer to
(23:22):
her stunned questions.
Speaker 3 (23:25):
The name of the man is Boaz, Boaz said, of
salmon and rayhab.
Speaker 1 (23:30):
The strangest expression came over Naomi's face. Ruth could not
discern its meaning. It was as if Naomi remembered something
long forgotten in the recesses of her mind.
Speaker 2 (23:43):
Boaz, you said, Boaz, Yes.
Speaker 3 (23:47):
Do you know him? He said, he remembers you.
Speaker 2 (23:51):
I suppose he is not the only one who has
remembered us.
Speaker 1 (23:57):
Tears sprang into Naomi's eyes eyes, and she fumbled for
the chair behind her before collapsing into it. Ruth rushed
to Naomi's side as Naomi began to laugh. As she cried,
Ruth couldn't help but laugh and cry right along with her,
though she wasn't sure why. With this confusing joy, the
(24:19):
light had returned to Naomi's eyes. She looked more alive
and alert than Ruth had ever seen her. She marveled
at the sight of her mother in law. Ruth then
realized that what she was seeing was the return of hope.
Speaker 4 (24:38):
What a profound chapter of faithfulness and provision doesn't unfold
with grand miracles or fury spectacles. Instead, it whispers through
the rhythm of the harvest, the sweat of hard work,
and the kindness of one man. It reminds us that
God doesn't just move and storms and sees He's present
(25:00):
and fields of grain and the courage to keep walking
in the quiet resolve of someone who says, I'll stay.
And this isn't just Ruth's story, it's ours too. Today
I want to talk about a very important Hebrew word.
That word is ressaid. It's often translated to English as
(25:24):
loving kindness, but it really means doing kind acts that
are above and beyond. It means going farther and being
kind than expected. The Book of Ruth introduces us to
three characters who display the trait of heresid. We've already
talked about Naomi, a mother in law who treats her
(25:45):
formally Moabite daughter in law as a true daughter. And
we've met Ruth, a widow and formerly a wealthy Moabite
who is now a proud member of the Chosen People.
And today we find Ruth gleaning along with the poor
in the field to help support Naomi. The third character
who displays hesid is boas a wealthy man who helps
(26:09):
his needy relatives and does so respectfully, showing dignity to
the neediest. Now, the Jewish ages asked a question about
the Book of Ruth. They ask why was this book
even included in the Bible. It doesn't teach us any
new laws. It doesn't tell us anything that we're supposed
to do or that we're not supposed to do. But
(26:31):
as we've seen time and time again, the sages answered
their own question. They explain that the reason this story
is included in the Bible is because it teaches us
the importance of hessied. We not only need to be kind,
we need to be kind even when it may not
be expected of us. This idea is actually the basis
(26:53):
for the organization the ministry that I lead, the International
Fellowship of Christians and Jews. We help millions of needy people,
and we try hard to do it with this very
special biblical kindness, with a calling from God, with the
idea and belief that we are so honored to be
(27:13):
able to help, we do everything we do with resaid.
We don't just bring hungry people food. Rather, our staff
and volunteers sit with those people who receive our help
and talk with them and love them and listen to them.
Because people who are hungry are often very lonely as well,
(27:33):
and because everyone needs nourishment for their spirits just as
they need it for their bodies. So the Book of
Ruth that we're studying right Now is not just a
story for us, is an example for each one of
us how to act towards people who are in need.
The fields of Bethlehem seem ordinary enough, don't they a
(27:54):
place of dirt and sweat and survival. But in the Bible,
fields are rarely just. They're often where heaven and earth meet.
Think of Eden, where humanity first walked with God, or
the fields of Esau, where Jacob wrestled for a Birthright now,
(28:14):
Ruth steps onto a field with a similar significance. She
doesn't belong there, not really. She's a awa bite, a
foreigner in a land where lineage is everything. And yet
she's there not by accident, but by choice. She made
a vow to Naomi, a covenant that echoed the language
of Israel's own covenant with the Lord. As we've seen
(28:38):
again and again, a covenant isn't just a promise. Rather,
it's a bond stronger than blood. So when Ruth declared,
your people will be my people, and your God my God,
she wasn't just being kind. She was entering a sacred relationship,
one that reflected the heart of God. As I said earlier,
(29:01):
this age's marveled at Ruth's Chres said. This Chres said
wasn't demanded of Ruth, but she chose it anyways. It
was beyond loving kindness. It was a calling. And who
would have thought that the Messiah's lineage would be tied
to a foreigner, to a widow, to someone gathering scraps?
(29:25):
But isn't that the way of God to weave his
promises through the unlikely, the overlooked, the humble, this field,
this moment. It's more than it seems, and so is Ruth.
Ruth's faithfulness mirrors the faithfulness of God himself. When Ruth
walked into those fields, she gave everything, her identity, her future,
(29:49):
to a covenant that she didn't have to make, and
she became part of a greater story, story of the
Chosen People. So what does Ruth teach us? That faithfulness
isn't always loud? It's often quiet, steady, and full of grit.
Maybe you feel like you're just gleaning in life, scraping
(30:12):
by showing up doing the next thing. But here's the encouragement.
God meets us in the fields, Like Ruth, your small
acts of faithfulness just might be paving the way for
something far beyond what you can even imagine. So keep gathering,
keep trusting, because with God, even the scraps are holy. Sello,
(30:35):
my friends from here in the Holy Land.
Speaker 1 (30:39):
You can listen to the Chosen People withy Isle e
Stein ad free by downloading and subscribing to the Prey
dot Com app today. This Prey dog Com production is
only made possible by our dedicated team of creative talents.
Steve Katina, Max Bard, Zach Shellavaga and Ben Gammon are
the executive producers of The Chosen People with Yiele Eckstein,
(31:02):
edited by Alberto Avilla, narrated by Paul Coltofianu. Characters are
voiced by Jonathan Gotten, Aaron Salvado, Sarah Seltz, Mike Reagan,
Stephen Ringwold, Sylvia Zaradoc, Thomas Copeland, Junior, Rosanna Pilcher, and
the opening prayer is voiced by John Moore. Music by
Andrew Morgan Smith, written by Aaron Salvado, bre Rosalie and
(31:26):
Chris Baig. Special thanks to Bishop Paul Lanier, Robin van Ettin,
Kayleb Burrows, Jocelyn Fuller and the team at International Fellowship
of Christians and Jews. You can hear more prey dot
com productions on the Prey dot Com app, available on
the Apple App Store and Google play Store. If you
enjoyed The Chosen People with Yile Eckstein, please rate and
(31:48):
leave a review.
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Therapy Gecko
An unlicensed lizard psychologist travels the universe talking to strangers about absolutely nothing. TO CALL THE GECKO: follow me on https://www.twitch.tv/lyleforever to get a notification for when I am taking calls. I am usually live Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays but lately a lot of other times too. I am a gecko.