In dieser Episode diskutieren Dr. Sami Ridwan und Prof. Patrick Schuss über den idiopathischen Normaldruckhydrozephalus (INPH), ein oft übersehenes geriatrisches Syndrom. Sie beleuchten die Herausforderungen bei der Diagnose, die Rolle des glymphatischen Systems und die Bedeutung der HAKIM-Trias. Zudem wird die Diagnostik und Therapie, einschließlich des lumbalen Infusionstests, detailliert besprochen. In Teil 2 wird die operative Versorgung inkl. Shunt, Ventile und Devices folgen.
Takeaways
- INPH ist ein reversibles geriatrisches Syndrom.
- Die HAKIM-Trias umfasst Gangstörung, kognitive Störung und Harninkontinenz.
- INPH ist bei älteren Menschen unterdiagnostiziert.
- Es gibt keine klaren Laborparameter für INPH.
- Der lumbale Infusionstest ist entscheidend für die Diagnose.
- Das glymphatische System spielt eine Rolle bei INPH.
- Ventrikulomegalie ist ein häufiges Symptom von INPH.
- Die Diagnose von INPH erfordert eine umfassende klinische Bewertung.
- Eine invasive Diagnostik kann notwendig sein.
- Die Therapie von INPH kann die Lebensqualität erheblich verbessern.
Literatur
Luciano MG, Williams MA, Hamilton MG, Katzen HL, Dasher NA, Moghekar A, Hua J, Malm J, Eklund A, Alpert Abel N, Raslan AM, Elder BD, Savage JJ, Barrow DL, Shahlaie K, Jensen H, Zwimpfer TJ, Wollett J, Hanley DF, Holubkov R; PENS Trial Investigators and the Adult Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network. A Randomized Trial of Shunting for Idiopathic Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus. N Engl J Med. 2025 Sep 16. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2503109. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40960253.
Thavarajasingam SG, El-Khatib M, Rea M, Russo S, Lemcke J, Al-Nusair L, Vajkoczy P. Clinical predictors of shunt response in the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021 Oct;163(10):2641-2672. doi: 10.1007/s00701-021-04922-z. Epub 2021 Jul 8. PMID: 34235589; PMCID: PMC8437907.
Wallenstein MB, McKhann GM 2nd. Salomón Hakim and the discovery of normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery. 2010 Jul;67(1):155-9; discussion 159. doi: 10.1227/01.neu.0000370058.12120.0e. PMID: 20568668.
Milletti D, Randi FT, Lanzino G, Hakim F, Palandri G. Gait Apraxia and Hakim's Disease: A Historical Review. Biomedicines. 2023 Apr 3;11(4):1086. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11041086. PMID: 37189704; PMCID: PMC10136268.
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