Understanding ADHD and Executive Functions: The Neuroscience Explaining a Very Common Disorder

In this episode of Authentically ADHD, host Carmen explores the neuroscience behind ADHD and executive functions—those critical mental processes essential for managing daily life tasks. Executive functions are described humorously as the "backstage crew" of the brain, responsible for working memory, planning, emotional regulation, inhibition, time management, and flexibility, largely governed by the prefrontal cortex.

Carmen explains that in ADHD brains, this control center operates differently—not broken, just wired uniquely. Scientific research highlights reduced activity and delayed maturation in the ADHD brain’s prefrontal cortex, impacting motivation, memory, and time perception. She emphasizes this difference isn't laziness but a genuine neurological divergence.

Common struggles for ADHDers include task initiation, emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, organization, and follow-through. Each challenge is backed by neuroscience, explaining phenomena like "neurological inertia" preventing task initiation and hyper-reactive emotional responses due to amygdala sensitivity.

The episode provides seven ADHD-friendly coping strategies:

* Break tasks into smaller pieces for manageable wins.

* Use visual timers to combat time blindness.

* Externalize your brain with organizational tools.

* Create dopamine routines by pairing boring tasks with rewards.

* Incorporate physical activity to boost dopamine and executive function.

* Try body doubling to enhance accountability and focus.

* Practice self-compassion to counteract shame and enhance motivation.

Carmen concludes with a supportive message: ADHD isn’t a defect, but a different brain wiring deserving of understanding, compassion, and tailored strategies.

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