The source provides a comprehensive overview of the pharmacological management of meningitis, detailing current international treatment protocols and emerging research strategies. It synthesizes guidelines from organizations like the WHO, IDSA, and ESCMID, establishing a global consensus on the urgent use of empiric antibiotics, primarily third-generation cephalosporins, and the critical, pathogen-specific role of adjunctive dexamethasone. The text highlights the major threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in organisms like S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis, which necessitates tailored therapy and strong stewardship programs. Furthermore, the report explores the research frontier, including novel, shorter regimens for tuberculous meningitis, new oral antifungals for cryptococcal disease, and advances in nanotechnology and drug delivery designed to overcome the blood-brain barrier.
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