October 20, 2025 • 31 mins
From the moment Dr. Carolyn West speaks, her passion for protecting Black women from intimate partner violence resonates with unmistakable urgency. As a professor of clinical psychology with over three decades dedicated to researching gender-based violence in marginalized communities, she brings profound insights into what she calls a "triple pandemic" that devastated Black women during 2020: COVID-19, domestic violence, and racial terrorism.
The statistics Dr. West shares are sobering: approximately 1,820 Black women murdered in a single year—four to five deaths daily that rarely made headlines. This invisibility isn't accidental. As she explains, "Domestic violence thrives on silence, secrecy, and shame," particularly when systems designed to protect women fail those at society's intersections.
Dr. West's Technical Assistance Guidance Series (TAGS) emerged from this crisis, offering a revolutionary framework for providing culturally responsive care to Black women survivors. Moving beyond one-size-fits-all approaches, she advocates for survivor-centered services that consider the full spectrum of a woman's identity and experience. Her "web of trauma" concept brilliantly illustrates how historical trauma, institutional violence, poverty, community dangers, and harmful cultural stereotypes compound the impact of intimate partner abuse.
Particularly illuminating is her discussion of reproductive coercion and non-fatal strangulation—dangerous forms of control that disproportionately affect Black women yet often go unrecognized. For medical professionals and advocates alike, understanding these specific vulnerabilities can mean the difference between life and death, especially during high-risk periods like pregnancy.
What makes Dr. West's approach transformative is her insistence on seeing survivors' strength alongside their trauma. By rejecting both "colorblind" approaches that ignore racial disparities and deficit-focused models that overlook resilience, she offers a pathway to healing that honors the whole person.
Whether you're a service provider seeking to improve your practice or someone concerned about violence in your community, this conversation provides invaluable insights into creating safer spaces for survivors. The TAGS resources, available for free download, represent Dr. West's gift to a field desperately needing her wisdom.
Ready to learn more about culturally responsive approaches to intimate partner violence? Visit drcarolynwest.com or contact Genesis Women's Shelter and Support at 214-946-HELP (4357).
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Episode Transcript
Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
Speaker 1 (00:00):
Earlier this year, we met with presenters at the 2025
Conference on Crimes AgainstWomen in Dallas, texas.
In this episode, my guest, drCarolyn West, professor of
clinical psychology at theUniversity of Washington, joined
the show to discuss culturallyresponsive assessment and
treatment for Black womensurvivors of domestic violence.
I'm Maria McMullin and this isGenesis the podcast.
(00:21):
Genesis the podcast.
Carolyn West is a professor ofclinical psychology at the
University of Washington.
In addition to teaching courseson sex crimes, sexual violence
and family violence, dr West isalso an award-winning author,
internationally recognizedspeaker, documentary filmmaker
(00:44):
and expert witness.
For more than three decades, drWest has been investigating
gender-based violence in thelives of marginalized
populations, with a focus onAfrican-American women.
Dr West has authored more than100 academic publications,
including Violence in the Livesof Black Women, battered Black
and Blue and the TechnicalAssistance Guidance Series
(01:07):
Serving Black Women Survivors ofIntimate Partner Violence.
She joins the show today todiscuss that series.
Carolyn West, welcome to theshow.
Speaker 2 (01:15):
Thank you so much for having me.
Speaker 1 (01:18):
I'm so happy to see you live together at the 2025
Conference on Crimes AgainstWomen, and we have a specific
topic here that we're going totalk about today, you and I, and
it is about the impact ofintimate partner violence on
Black women, and you developedthe Technical Assistance
Guidance Series, or TAGS as wemay refer to them, which are
(01:40):
strategies on how practitionerscan provide survivor-centered,
culturally responsive,trauma-informed and
strengths-based care to Blackwomen survivors of intimate
partner violence, and you beganthis work in 2020, when the
world was experiencing what yourefer to as three major public
health crises.
What are those three publichealth crises and how were Black
(02:01):
women more significantlyimpacted by them?
Speaker 2 (02:05):
You know, I've been really fortunate to have like
this long career as a scholar, aprofessor, working in domestic
violence, shelters, therapy withtrauma survivors, expert
witness and now moving intobeing a subject matter expert in
documentaries.
And it was January 2020, andCOVID was declared this public
(02:29):
health emergency and the shelterin place, orders were declared,
but there were shadow pandemicsthat people didn't really talk
about.
Those were pandemics thathappened before COVID and were
made worse by COVID, and thatwas domestic violence and this
racial terrorism involvingAfrican Americans.
(02:53):
And then things really got verydifficult during that time,
during 2020.
What happened when the worldshut down?
According to the hotlinestudies, there was uptick in
domestic violence about 8%.
And then we saw the GeorgeFloyd situation and that was
very traumatic for the entirecountry and the African-American
(03:16):
community as well as othercommunities, and I just realized
that all those pandemicsconverged and they were even
worse for African-American women.
Speaker 1 (03:27):
For sure, and Black women already have an elevated
risk and incidence rate ofintimate partner violence and so
compounding the stay-at-homeorders with racial tension.
Speaker 2 (03:39):
So I just realized that the pandemic had an even
more profound impact on Blackwomen.
They were losing their lives atrecord rates from COVID, and
also losing their lives atrecord rates from interpersonal
violence.
Speaker 1 (03:55):
Right?
Do you feel like there was oris long-term impacts to Black
women because of the experienceduring the pandemic?
So not just the COVID, but alsothe racial and systemic issues,
and then, on top of that,perhaps escalated domestic
violence.
Speaker 2 (04:15):
All of those things are so connected.
They are so connected.
So, during COVID, africanAmericans died at higher rates
for a variety of reasons, due tojust racial disproportionality
in health issues.
And then they lost familymembers at record rates.
And then, on top of that, theuptick of violence,
(04:36):
interpersonal violence.
The Centers for Disease Controlin 2020 did a study and there
were about 1,820 Black women whowere murdered in 2020.
And that averaged out to befour to five Black girls and
women per day, and nobody seemedto be talking about that.
(04:57):
Also, nobody was talking aboutthe police violence against
Black women and girls.
It wasn't just George Floyd andothers.
Black women were being murderedtoo, and we weren't having that
conversation, so they were veryinvisible.
I just felt like all thosepandemics coming together.
I felt like I had to use thattime when I was locked in my
(05:21):
house to do something meaningful.
Speaker 1 (05:24):
Yeah, for sure, and I think that you have that here
and we're gonna talk about thatin just a minute.
But do you think that there areany lingering effects for black
women because of what wasexperienced during the pandemic?
Speaker 2 (05:36):
Yes, yes, I do.
I think we will be living withwhat happened during those years
of COVID and still grapplingwith that for generations.
Speaker 1 (05:47):
I'd like to give people the opportunity, like
thinking points from ourconversation, to reflect back on
their own experience duringCOVID with maybe they're not a
victim or survivor of domesticviolence, but maybe they
intersect somewhere else withsome of the issues that we're
talking about, and so, usingthis episode and our time
(06:10):
together and these facts astouch points, we're going to
talk about the technicalassistance guidance series or
tags, and kind of walk througheach one so that people can
think about them in a way thatmaybe is meaningful to their own
lives.
Okay, so let's walk through thefour parts of this series.
We'll just start with part one.
(06:30):
Why not Providingsurvivor-centered, culturally
responsive, trauma-informed,strengths-based care Before?
Speaker 2 (06:36):
we sort of get there.
I just wanted to mention alittle bit about how the tags
came to be.
So it wasn't just that publichealth crisis.
Well, in the middle of that, Iwas sitting in my office and I
realized I have a personalmission statement for my work
and that is to be deeply devotedto creating inspirational
(06:58):
material to empower domesticviolence and sexual assault
survivors during their healingjourney, to deliver keynote
addresses and to conductworkshops in innovative training
material to educate and empowerprofessionals with the skills
to provide culturally sensitivecare.
And I knew that I needed tolive that mission during this
(07:21):
public health crisis.
So I called up a colleague atthe National Resource Center on
Domestic Violence and I said Ihave this ideal for these
technical guidance reports.
And it started off to be onereport and then it just kept
growing from there and it turnedinto a three-year project and I
(07:42):
wanted to leave a gift for thefield where I could put in their
hands these guidance reports.
That would include activities,videos, reports, toolkits,
assessment tools so that theycan more easily do the
background for doing this.
(08:03):
So as I started to write thefirst technical guidance report,
I knew I wanted to do aframework for how we do the work
differently, and I felt likewhat was missing is at first,
our work had to besurvivor-centered.
Basically, we need to avoid thisone size fits all service
(08:25):
delivery model, where survivorscome in and we say here's what
we provide, rather than askingthem what is it that you need,
what are your goals, what areyour priorities, what are your
preferences, and so making ittruly survivor centered.
I knew that I wanted to see ourmovement be culturally
(08:46):
responsive.
How do we include awareness ofcultural identities not only
survivors, but staff andadvocates who provide these
services, making sure culturalawareness was a part of our
policies, our structures, ourenvironment, that we moved away
from a colorblind approach.
(09:07):
Three, I really felt like itneeded to be trauma-informed.
We needed to consider howtrauma impacts not only
individuals but the people whodo the work, communities,
organizations.
And it needed to bestrength-based.
We needed to see survivors, notjust with their victimization,
(09:29):
but to understand that they wereremarkably resilient and how
could we honor that and build onthe strengths that they had.
Speaker 1 (09:37):
And who was the audience for all of this?
Speaker 2 (09:39):
I really wanted the audience to be advocates and
people who were providing directservices, but also maybe
researchers and students andanybody who really wanted to do
a better job of working withthis population.
Yeah, I think that's supersmart.
Speaker 1 (09:57):
So when you move into part two, you talk about taking
an intersectional approach, andso just give us a baseline here
for people who may not befamiliar with intersectional
approaches what isintersectionality?
And then how is that applied inthis particular tag?
Speaker 2 (10:13):
Again, great question .
I was inspired by the work ofpoet Audre Lorde who said
there's no hierarchy ofoppressions, and the legal
scholar Kimberly Crenshaw saidif we aren't intersectional,
some of us the most vulnerableare going to fall between the
(10:34):
cracks.
And basically intersectionalityis seeing all parts of a
person's identity.
We all have a race.
Seeing all parts of a person'sidentity, we all have a race, a
social class, a gender, areligion, a sexual orientation.
Some of us are differentlyabled.
We have a gender identity.
So all of those things, all ofthose parts of your identity,
(10:55):
shape how you experienceintimate partner violence and I
think sometimes people thinkit's a very scary concept for
some reason.
And I think sometimes peoplethink it's a very scary concept
for some reason.
But it just basically means youget a chance to show up as all
of who you are in, whateverspace you're in, and advocates
can see that and honor that andhow those things intersect for
(11:18):
you.
Because the more multipleintersecting identities you have
, the more likely you are toexperience violence and the more
difficult it is to accessservices.
So if we can see all of whatpeople bring, we can tailor our
services to meet their needs.
Speaker 1 (11:37):
Yeah, I think that's genius and it just kind of
extends on the work that's beendone.
Now, do all the parts onethrough four, do these all kind
of work together, or is itsomewhere like where you can
take pieces of each one, or doyou believe this all needs to be
together?
Speaker 2 (11:52):
I think they can all work as individual.
Each guide is individual, butthey all are seamlessly
connected.
Because when I talk aboutintersectionality, I talk about
how can you be survivor-centeredin that work, how can you be
trauma-informed, how can you beculturally responsive.
(12:12):
So each technical guidancereport informs the next.
Speaker 1 (12:17):
Okay, so it's layers.
Yeah, let's just move forwardand then we'll come back to all
of these ideas again.
So part three is understandingreproductive coercion, non-fatal
strangulation and intimatepartner homicide.
And you were really intentional.
Speaker 2 (12:30):
I was really intentional because oftentimes
people ask well, isn't justdomestic violence the same for
everybody, regardless of yourbackground?
And there is an element oftruth.
But there's also a reality thatBlack women experience higher
rates of some types of violence,in particular ones of
(12:51):
reproductive coercion, and sothat is when the person who's
causing harm intentionallyattempts to control, like a
survivor's ability to makedecisions about her reproductive
health care.
So maybe a pressure to becomepregnant or either terminate a
pregnancy that's wanted or willinterfere with birth control
(13:16):
methods.
And Black women are higherrates of non-fatal strangulation
and they are more likely to bevictims of intimate partner
violence.
And pregnant Black women areespecially likely to be murdered
by an intimate partner.
So I was very intentional aboutwanting to emphasize those
(13:37):
types of violence and makingsure that advocates had the
ability to assess for those sothat they could be aware.
Speaker 1 (13:46):
Yeah, I love that you brought up pregnant women,
because there are two times in awoman's life when she is at
most danger of domestic violence, and one of them is when she
leaves an abusive partner, andthe second one is when she
leaves an abusive partner, andthe second one is when she's
pregnant.
Pregnancy is a highly dangeroustime for women.
Especially postpartum isextremely dangerous, when, if
there's going to be abuse, itusually is a time where
(14:09):
everyone's at their breakingpoint and the abuse occurs right
.
So how can this information bebrought to women who are
pregnant so that they can learnfrom it and possibly, if they
need, to apply it to their ownsituation or make a plan for
themselves?
Speaker 2 (14:28):
I think that is going to be crucial, particularly in
the time that we're living inright now, where just basic
access to women's reproductivecare can vary from state to
state and our laws are in fluxin terms of whether people can
access certain services, and soI was really intentional in
(14:50):
technical guidance, report three, about wanting advocates to
think very deeply about what todo when survivors showed up and,
if they were pregnant or werebeing coerced into a pregnancy,
making sure that we wereeducating survivors about that
particular danger and makingsure that domestic violence
(15:13):
advocates were talking tomedical providers who provide
services for pregnant women sothat they understood the dangers
of domestic violence.
It seemed like we weren'thaving conversations around that
.
Speaker 1 (15:26):
Yeah, for sure, and I know that at Genesis Women's
Shelter and Support we do talkabout the effects of nonfatal
strangulation.
I mean traumatic brain injuries, strokes, all kinds of other
health conditions that may havenever been apparent.
The strangulation may havenever had any signs outwardly
that it occurred, and yet downthe road there are all of these
(15:48):
medical diagnoses that she mayexperience.
Speaker 2 (15:52):
And not making the link between those and the
strangulation.
And it can be more challengingfor Black women because those
injuries may not show up rightaway.
Right, right?
Speaker 1 (16:02):
Of course there is that point.
You're exactly right.
Skin tone can have a lot to dowith the observation of any
scarring or marking of the bodypost non-fatal strangulation,
and it takes an astute medicalprofessional to acknowledge and
point out that these marks mayoccur on the victim's neck, face
(16:24):
or even her chest.
Speaker 2 (16:26):
Black women in particular.
Because of that strong Blackwoman image of we can resist, we
can fight back, we're notsomehow damaged by strangulation
, survivors may actuallyminimize the extent of that and
say, well, but I'm not beingpunched, I'm not being struck in
that way, and minimize thestrangulation so they may not be
(16:48):
aware that this is potentiallylethal violence that they're
experiencing.
Speaker 1 (16:54):
Yeah, I think that's a very important point that you
raise, because we want people tobe aware of the dangers of
non-fatal strangulation andthere are a lot of resources out
there that we can name and, atthe end of the show, that can
give you information about whatit means.
When someone puts their handsaround your neck, it takes less
(17:15):
than two pounds of pressure tohave an impact on your brain,
your life and your health.
In part four, you talk aboutusing a web of trauma to
understand Black women survivorsof intimate partner violence.
Speaker 2 (17:31):
Tell us about that Too often times as service
providers we just deal with theintimate partner violence and we
don't recognize that somecommunities that's not the only
type of trauma or violence thatthey experience.
So we're not talking as muchabout historical trauma, rape,
slavery, lynching, segregationand that intergenerational
(17:55):
impact that it has oncontemporary survivors.
It determines how you processthe victimization that you've
experienced.
It determines how or if youwill seek help in the first
place.
We don't talk aboutinstitutional violence.
What happens when you're afraidto call the police because of
(18:15):
that long history ofmistreatment, or you're afraid
to go to the hospital, or you'renot trusting of social service
agencies?
That's institutional violenceif you're mistreated in those
settings.
We don't talk about structuralviolence.
Poverty, homelessness, racismthose are forms of structural
violence that makes intimatepartner violence worse.
(18:36):
We don't talk about communityviolence.
How do you live with violencein your home and you're fearful
in your community of beingrobbed, or high rates of
homicide there, or even familyviolence.
Many survivors have familyviolence in their families.
Growing up they witnessedintimate partner violence.
(18:56):
They were victims of childabuse or sexual abuse.
And there's also culturalviolence, and by cultural
violence I mean those images ofBlack women that are throughout
the media that suggest that weare inherently violent, that
we're deserving of ourvictimization.
I think, just as an aside,victimization, I think, just as
(19:21):
an aside, what we're seeing withthe Diddy trial and all the
horrific things that are beingsaid about the victims there,
the victim blaming, that's atype of violence that just is
throughout our culture and thenif you're dealing with that in
your own life, it's verydifficult to process that.
So we can't be effective doingthis work if we just say tell me
about the intimate partnerviolence in your relationship
(19:43):
right now and not consideringall the other forms of violence
that that survivor is dealingwith.
Speaker 1 (19:50):
That's such a big topic, web of trauma.
You presented a lot for us toconsider there.
What are some ways not todiminish it but boil down a
couple of ways a counselor ortherapist can talk to someone
about the web of trauma whenthey come in for maybe first
visit.
Speaker 2 (20:08):
So that's the purpose of tag number four.
I actually put in suggestionsabout how to do that.
That is a lot to unpack, butjust keeping it in your mind and
maybe one interview it's notgoing to be enough to do that.
But I think if the advocate canbe aware of that, just simply
if it's safe to ask do you havea safe place to live?
(20:31):
Do you have a place where youcan go in and lock the door and
be safe?
What is your neighborhood like?
What is your community like?
Can you read and write?
Do you have access to money andhow do you get that money?
So that's a way of assessing forstructural violence that they
may.
How have your interactions beenwith various institutions that
(20:53):
you're interacting with thepolice, the medical service,
that kind of thing?
So to just be aware and askingand realizing that those types
of violence impact the violencewithin her relationship.
If you're living in a communitywithout transportation, that's
going to make it a lot difficultfor you to access resources.
(21:14):
But at least if you're justaware of that, you can assess
for it and make plans to dealwith those types of challenges.
Speaker 1 (21:24):
That makes sense.
Let's change gears for a minute.
You note in your work that whenBlack women are murdered by an
intimate partner or in anotherform of homicide, or even when
they go missing, the media doesnot cover these cases as
frequently or as widely as when,say, it's a white woman who has
these experiences.
How is this contributing to theepidemic of intimate partner
(21:47):
violence for Black women?
Speaker 2 (21:49):
There's a really great book called no Humans
Involved the Serial Murder ofBlack Women and Girls and the
Deadly Cost of PoliceIndifference.
And what that does is itrenders the violence in their
lives invisible, which allowsperpetrators to operate with
(22:09):
impunity.
So then nobody's looking forthese young women and girls when
they go missing, some of themare sometimes trafficked or
murdered.
So again that goes back to theweb of trauma, not only within
your household but within yourcommunity, and so it renders
that violence invisible.
(22:31):
It implies that we don't needto look for these women, that
they're not going to be legalconsequences if you victimize
this population.
So that goes back to culturalviolence, where perpetrators
know that and they're going totarget populations that they
know there will not be much inthe way of consequences if they
(22:53):
murder these women or trafficthese women.
Speaker 1 (22:56):
Yeah, I mean.
You see that throughout history, the most vulnerable are those
who typically go missing, areenslaved or otherwise
experiencing some form of harmor crime or violence.
Let's talk about the detrimentsof what you call the colorblind
approach to intimate partnerviolence services.
Speaker 2 (23:19):
That really was inspired for me by several
things, having been in thismovement for more than 30 years,
attending so many trainings andworkshops where presenters will
stand up and they will say well, intimate partner violence is
colorblind.
It occurs across race and socialclass and it can happen to
anyone, and I think we did thatto really help people understand
(23:43):
how pervasive the problem is,and that totally made sense.
I get why that became a familiartagline of our movement, that's
true.
But we also fail to understandthat some groups are just
disproportionately impacted andif we take such a colorblind
approach, we won't structure andtailor our services to meet the
(24:09):
needs of the most marginalized,and so they then get overlooked
and they don't get the servicesthey need.
So if you're setting upservices that work really well
for white middle class women whoare in the suburbs, who have
maybe access to financialresources or transportation to
(24:29):
be able to escape the violence,we are not going to be
effectively serving those whothat's not their reality.
So I guess what I would sayabout that is there's an African
proverb that says you know, therain falls on all roofs equally
, but the impact still isn't thesame.
So, yes, everybody could bepotentially a victim of intimate
(24:52):
partner violence, but theimpact is going to be different
if you don't have a roof.
Speaker 1 (24:57):
Right.
Yeah, I kind of felt where youwere going with that one, like
if your roof is damaged, well,it's going to leak, right?
So, yes, you can get the visualand the whole idea behind just
that one proverb, because I know, at Genesis, instead of saying
you know, domestic violence iscolorblind, we typically say it
does not discriminate.
So it reaches across all typesof individuals around the world,
(25:20):
and in this case we're talkingabout women.
So anyone who identifies as awoman is at a higher risk just
by her gender.
Speaker 2 (25:28):
And that's going to look different depending on if
you're a trans woman, or ifyou're a woman of color, or if
you're a poor woman.
Speaker 1 (25:35):
Right, absolutely, and that goes back to the
intersectionality of theexperience.
So I picked up on somethingthat you wrote and I wanted to
ask you to help us understand it.
Here's a quote Anintersectional framework
provides an ideal lens toexamine and center the epidemic
of intimate partner violenceagainst Black women.
Help me understand that.
Speaker 2 (25:54):
What that really just means is, if we want to be
effective in doing this work andwe want to reach the most
vulnerable, we need to take anintersectional approach, that
you're not just a black womanbut you have a sexual
orientation.
So if you're in a same sexrelationship, how does the
violence show up differently foryou?
We can't assume all black womentrace their history to the
(26:17):
trans Atlantic slave trade.
Maybe you're an Africanimmigrant, maybe you're from the
Caribbean, so how does thatviolence show up for you?
Maybe you're a low income womanor you're a woman of faith, and
so if we can look at thosemultiple, marginalized
identities, how they intersect,we can more effectively tailor
(26:39):
our treatment to help them.
But here's what's important toowe can't make assumptions.
We have to talk to thatsurvivor, going back to being
survivor-centered.
What's the most important partof your identity for you?
It may not be what we think asan advocate, so really asking
(27:00):
and clarifying that for them,maybe the mental health care
isn't the thing If you're facinghomelessness and unstable
housing.
Maybe it's finding a place tolive in, transportation.
Maybe your faith community is agreat place for you to get help
.
But a woman who is a lesbian ortrans.
Maybe the faith communityhasn't been so great for her.
(27:22):
So understanding that,understanding those
intersectionalities, is how weprovide the best services.
Speaker 1 (27:30):
Yeah, that makes a lot of sense.
I appreciate those references.
Now, returning to solutions fora minute.
What are the most effectiveapproaches to supporting and
educating the community aboutgender-based violence?
Speaker 2 (27:44):
I really like the ideal of using the media.
When I was in graduate schooland Mike Tyson was convicted of
raping a beauty contestant, whatwe did is we took out a full
page ad in the black newspaperin St Louis where we broke down
rape myths and explained how itdisproportionately impacts black
(28:06):
women, and that was a creativeway of educating the community.
That was brilliant.
We can do that around thesehigh profile cases that we're
facing now using social media,having young women use all forms
of social media to talk abouthow violence has impacted them
(28:28):
and to break down thosemisconceptions.
Do bystander treatment, peoplewill oftentimes turn to family
or friends.
We need to educate everybody inthe survivor social support
network so they understand riskfactors, so that they can then
intervene and not say thingsthat will be harmful to the
(28:52):
survivor.
We have to get into faithcommunities.
We have to go where survivorsare barbershop, beauty salons,
nail salons and, I think, whenyou're in a different kind of
setting where people are justtalking and sharing information
anyway, educating those peoplearound the survivor who can say,
(29:13):
hey, here are where theresources are in our community
to get help.
That is one way and, I think,really educating advocates and
service providers and anybody,everybody who may have contact
with survivors to know what tolook for, be trauma informed and
see that maybe what you'reseeing, this person, is maybe
(29:37):
not acting out, maybe they havesome trauma or victimization and
they really need assistance.
That's what we have to do,because domestic violence just
thrives on silence, secrecy andshame.
So if we can have conversationswhere there's less of a stigma
of talking about it, it can bereally impactful.
Speaker 1 (29:58):
That's an excellent point and I love what you just
said about how domestic violencethrives on silence, secrecy and
shame.
Thank you for all of thatinformation.
Where can people access thetags?
Speaker 2 (30:09):
They can find them at the National Resource Center on
Domestic Violence, and I'vealso posted them on my personal
website, drcarolynwestcom,because I wanted to make sure
that they were just readilyavailable and free for download,
so that people can click onthem and find the resources that
they need if they want to learnmore.
Speaker 1 (30:31):
I can attest to this because I've been on your
website and they're really easyto navigate and to read and I
found it very meaningful.
I really value your work and Ithank you for talking with me
today.
Speaker 2 (30:44):
Thank you so much for having me.
My hope is during that pandemic, when I was processing
everything.
I hope that I've created aresource that advocates can
freely use, freely share andthat we can move forward and
continue this work going forward.
I hope so.
Speaker 1 (31:01):
Thank you.
Genesis Women's Shelter andSupport exists to give women in
abusive situations a way out.
We are committed to our missionof providing safety, shelter
and support for women andchildren who have experienced
domestic violence, and to raiseawareness regarding its cause,
prevalence and impact.
Join us in creating a societalshift on how people think about
(31:21):
domestic violence.
You can learn more atGenesisShelterorg and when you
follow us on social media onFacebook and Instagram at
Genesis Women's Shelter, and onX at Genesis Shelter.
The Genesis Helpline isavailable 24 hours a day, seven
days a week, by call or text at214-946-HELP 214-946-4357.
Earlier this year, we met with presenters at the 2025
Conference on Crimes AgainstWomen in Dallas, texas.
In this episode, my guest, drCarolyn West, professor of
clinical psychology at theUniversity of Washington, joined
the show to discuss culturallyresponsive assessment and
treatment for Black womensurvivors of domestic violence.
I'm Maria McMullin and this isGenesis the podcast.
(00:21):
Genesis the podcast.
Carolyn West is a professor ofclinical psychology at the
University of Washington.
In addition to teaching courseson sex crimes, sexual violence
and family violence, dr West isalso an award-winning author,
internationally recognizedspeaker, documentary filmmaker
(00:44):
and expert witness.
For more than three decades, drWest has been investigating
gender-based violence in thelives of marginalized
populations, with a focus onAfrican-American women.
Dr West has authored more than100 academic publications,
including Violence in the Livesof Black Women, battered Black
and Blue and the TechnicalAssistance Guidance Series
(01:07):
Serving Black Women Survivors ofIntimate Partner Violence.
She joins the show today todiscuss that series.
Carolyn West, welcome to theshow.
Speaker 2 (01:15):
Thank you so much for having me.
Speaker 1 (01:18):
I'm so happy to see you live together at the 2025
Conference on Crimes AgainstWomen, and we have a specific
topic here that we're going totalk about today, you and I, and
it is about the impact ofintimate partner violence on
Black women, and you developedthe Technical Assistance
Guidance Series, or TAGS as wemay refer to them, which are
(01:40):
strategies on how practitionerscan provide survivor-centered,
culturally responsive,trauma-informed and
strengths-based care to Blackwomen survivors of intimate
partner violence, and you beganthis work in 2020, when the
world was experiencing what yourefer to as three major public
health crises.
What are those three publichealth crises and how were Black
(02:01):
women more significantlyimpacted by them?
Speaker 2 (02:05):
You know, I've been really fortunate to have like
this long career as a scholar, aprofessor, working in domestic
violence, shelters, therapy withtrauma survivors, expert
witness and now moving intobeing a subject matter expert in
documentaries.
And it was January 2020, andCOVID was declared this public
(02:29):
health emergency and the shelterin place, orders were declared,
but there were shadow pandemicsthat people didn't really talk
about.
Those were pandemics thathappened before COVID and were
made worse by COVID, and thatwas domestic violence and this
racial terrorism involvingAfrican Americans.
(02:53):
And then things really got verydifficult during that time,
during 2020.
What happened when the worldshut down?
According to the hotlinestudies, there was uptick in
domestic violence about 8%.
And then we saw the GeorgeFloyd situation and that was
very traumatic for the entirecountry and the African-American
(03:16):
community as well as othercommunities, and I just realized
that all those pandemicsconverged and they were even
worse for African-American women.
Speaker 1 (03:27):
For sure, and Black women already have an elevated
risk and incidence rate ofintimate partner violence and so
compounding the stay-at-homeorders with racial tension.
Speaker 2 (03:39):
So I just realized that the pandemic had an even
more profound impact on Blackwomen.
They were losing their lives atrecord rates from COVID, and
also losing their lives atrecord rates from interpersonal
violence.
Speaker 1 (03:55):
Right?
Do you feel like there was oris long-term impacts to Black
women because of the experienceduring the pandemic?
So not just the COVID, but alsothe racial and systemic issues,
and then, on top of that,perhaps escalated domestic
violence.
Speaker 2 (04:15):
All of those things are so connected.
They are so connected.
So, during COVID, africanAmericans died at higher rates
for a variety of reasons, due tojust racial disproportionality
in health issues.
And then they lost familymembers at record rates.
And then, on top of that, theuptick of violence,
(04:36):
interpersonal violence.
The Centers for Disease Controlin 2020 did a study and there
were about 1,820 Black women whowere murdered in 2020.
And that averaged out to befour to five Black girls and
women per day, and nobody seemedto be talking about that.
(04:57):
Also, nobody was talking aboutthe police violence against
Black women and girls.
It wasn't just George Floyd andothers.
Black women were being murderedtoo, and we weren't having that
conversation, so they were veryinvisible.
I just felt like all thosepandemics coming together.
I felt like I had to use thattime when I was locked in my
(05:21):
house to do something meaningful.
Speaker 1 (05:24):
Yeah, for sure, and I think that you have that here
and we're gonna talk about thatin just a minute.
But do you think that there areany lingering effects for black
women because of what wasexperienced during the pandemic?
Speaker 2 (05:36):
Yes, yes, I do.
I think we will be living withwhat happened during those years
of COVID and still grapplingwith that for generations.
Speaker 1 (05:47):
I'd like to give people the opportunity, like
thinking points from ourconversation, to reflect back on
their own experience duringCOVID with maybe they're not a
victim or survivor of domesticviolence, but maybe they
intersect somewhere else withsome of the issues that we're
talking about, and so, usingthis episode and our time
(06:10):
together and these facts astouch points, we're going to
talk about the technicalassistance guidance series or
tags, and kind of walk througheach one so that people can
think about them in a way thatmaybe is meaningful to their own
lives.
Okay, so let's walk through thefour parts of this series.
We'll just start with part one.
(06:30):
Why not Providingsurvivor-centered, culturally
responsive, trauma-informed,strengths-based care Before?
Speaker 2 (06:36):
we sort of get there.
I just wanted to mention alittle bit about how the tags
came to be.
So it wasn't just that publichealth crisis.
Well, in the middle of that, Iwas sitting in my office and I
realized I have a personalmission statement for my work
and that is to be deeply devotedto creating inspirational
(06:58):
material to empower domesticviolence and sexual assault
survivors during their healingjourney, to deliver keynote
addresses and to conductworkshops in innovative training
material to educate and empowerprofessionals with the skills
to provide culturally sensitivecare.
And I knew that I needed tolive that mission during this
(07:21):
public health crisis.
So I called up a colleague atthe National Resource Center on
Domestic Violence and I said Ihave this ideal for these
technical guidance reports.
And it started off to be onereport and then it just kept
growing from there and it turnedinto a three-year project and I
(07:42):
wanted to leave a gift for thefield where I could put in their
hands these guidance reports.
That would include activities,videos, reports, toolkits,
assessment tools so that theycan more easily do the
background for doing this.
(08:03):
So as I started to write thefirst technical guidance report,
I knew I wanted to do aframework for how we do the work
differently, and I felt likewhat was missing is at first,
our work had to besurvivor-centered.
Basically, we need to avoid thisone size fits all service
(08:25):
delivery model, where survivorscome in and we say here's what
we provide, rather than askingthem what is it that you need,
what are your goals, what areyour priorities, what are your
preferences, and so making ittruly survivor centered.
I knew that I wanted to see ourmovement be culturally
(08:46):
responsive.
How do we include awareness ofcultural identities not only
survivors, but staff andadvocates who provide these
services, making sure culturalawareness was a part of our
policies, our structures, ourenvironment, that we moved away
from a colorblind approach.
(09:07):
Three, I really felt like itneeded to be trauma-informed.
We needed to consider howtrauma impacts not only
individuals but the people whodo the work, communities,
organizations.
And it needed to bestrength-based.
We needed to see survivors, notjust with their victimization,
(09:29):
but to understand that they wereremarkably resilient and how
could we honor that and build onthe strengths that they had.
Speaker 1 (09:37):
And who was the audience for all of this?
Speaker 2 (09:39):
I really wanted the audience to be advocates and
people who were providing directservices, but also maybe
researchers and students andanybody who really wanted to do
a better job of working withthis population.
Yeah, I think that's supersmart.
Speaker 1 (09:57):
So when you move into part two, you talk about taking
an intersectional approach, andso just give us a baseline here
for people who may not befamiliar with intersectional
approaches what isintersectionality?
And then how is that applied inthis particular tag?
Speaker 2 (10:13):
Again, great question .
I was inspired by the work ofpoet Audre Lorde who said
there's no hierarchy ofoppressions, and the legal
scholar Kimberly Crenshaw saidif we aren't intersectional,
some of us the most vulnerableare going to fall between the
(10:34):
cracks.
And basically intersectionalityis seeing all parts of a
person's identity.
We all have a race.
Seeing all parts of a person'sidentity, we all have a race, a
social class, a gender, areligion, a sexual orientation.
Some of us are differentlyabled.
We have a gender identity.
So all of those things, all ofthose parts of your identity,
(10:55):
shape how you experienceintimate partner violence and I
think sometimes people thinkit's a very scary concept for
some reason.
And I think sometimes peoplethink it's a very scary concept
for some reason.
But it just basically means youget a chance to show up as all
of who you are in, whateverspace you're in, and advocates
can see that and honor that andhow those things intersect for
(11:18):
you.
Because the more multipleintersecting identities you have
, the more likely you are toexperience violence and the more
difficult it is to accessservices.
So if we can see all of whatpeople bring, we can tailor our
services to meet their needs.
Speaker 1 (11:37):
Yeah, I think that's genius and it just kind of
extends on the work that's beendone.
Now, do all the parts onethrough four, do these all kind
of work together, or is itsomewhere like where you can
take pieces of each one, or doyou believe this all needs to be
together?
Speaker 2 (11:52):
I think they can all work as individual.
Each guide is individual, butthey all are seamlessly
connected.
Because when I talk aboutintersectionality, I talk about
how can you be survivor-centeredin that work, how can you be
trauma-informed, how can you beculturally responsive.
(12:12):
So each technical guidancereport informs the next.
Speaker 1 (12:17):
Okay, so it's layers.
Yeah, let's just move forwardand then we'll come back to all
of these ideas again.
So part three is understandingreproductive coercion, non-fatal
strangulation and intimatepartner homicide.
And you were really intentional.
Speaker 2 (12:30):
I was really intentional because oftentimes
people ask well, isn't justdomestic violence the same for
everybody, regardless of yourbackground?
And there is an element oftruth.
But there's also a reality thatBlack women experience higher
rates of some types of violence,in particular ones of
(12:51):
reproductive coercion, and sothat is when the person who's
causing harm intentionallyattempts to control, like a
survivor's ability to makedecisions about her reproductive
health care.
So maybe a pressure to becomepregnant or either terminate a
pregnancy that's wanted or willinterfere with birth control
(13:16):
methods.
And Black women are higherrates of non-fatal strangulation
and they are more likely to bevictims of intimate partner
violence.
And pregnant Black women areespecially likely to be murdered
by an intimate partner.
So I was very intentional aboutwanting to emphasize those
(13:37):
types of violence and makingsure that advocates had the
ability to assess for those sothat they could be aware.
Speaker 1 (13:46):
Yeah, I love that you brought up pregnant women,
because there are two times in awoman's life when she is at
most danger of domestic violence, and one of them is when she
leaves an abusive partner, andthe second one is when she
leaves an abusive partner, andthe second one is when she's
pregnant.
Pregnancy is a highly dangeroustime for women.
Especially postpartum isextremely dangerous, when, if
there's going to be abuse, itusually is a time where
(14:09):
everyone's at their breakingpoint and the abuse occurs right
.
So how can this information bebrought to women who are
pregnant so that they can learnfrom it and possibly, if they
need, to apply it to their ownsituation or make a plan for
themselves?
Speaker 2 (14:28):
I think that is going to be crucial, particularly in
the time that we're living inright now, where just basic
access to women's reproductivecare can vary from state to
state and our laws are in fluxin terms of whether people can
access certain services, and soI was really intentional in
(14:50):
technical guidance, report three, about wanting advocates to
think very deeply about what todo when survivors showed up and,
if they were pregnant or werebeing coerced into a pregnancy,
making sure that we wereeducating survivors about that
particular danger and makingsure that domestic violence
(15:13):
advocates were talking tomedical providers who provide
services for pregnant women sothat they understood the dangers
of domestic violence.
It seemed like we weren'thaving conversations around that
.
Speaker 1 (15:26):
Yeah, for sure, and I know that at Genesis Women's
Shelter and Support we do talkabout the effects of nonfatal
strangulation.
I mean traumatic brain injuries, strokes, all kinds of other
health conditions that may havenever been apparent.
The strangulation may havenever had any signs outwardly
that it occurred, and yet downthe road there are all of these
(15:48):
medical diagnoses that she mayexperience.
Speaker 2 (15:52):
And not making the link between those and the
strangulation.
And it can be more challengingfor Black women because those
injuries may not show up rightaway.
Right, right?
Speaker 1 (16:02):
Of course there is that point.
You're exactly right.
Skin tone can have a lot to dowith the observation of any
scarring or marking of the bodypost non-fatal strangulation,
and it takes an astute medicalprofessional to acknowledge and
point out that these marks mayoccur on the victim's neck, face
(16:24):
or even her chest.
Speaker 2 (16:26):
Black women in particular.
Because of that strong Blackwoman image of we can resist, we
can fight back, we're notsomehow damaged by strangulation
, survivors may actuallyminimize the extent of that and
say, well, but I'm not beingpunched, I'm not being struck in
that way, and minimize thestrangulation so they may not be
(16:48):
aware that this is potentiallylethal violence that they're
experiencing.
Speaker 1 (16:54):
Yeah, I think that's a very important point that you
raise, because we want people tobe aware of the dangers of
non-fatal strangulation andthere are a lot of resources out
there that we can name and, atthe end of the show, that can
give you information about whatit means.
When someone puts their handsaround your neck, it takes less
(17:15):
than two pounds of pressure tohave an impact on your brain,
your life and your health.
In part four, you talk aboutusing a web of trauma to
understand Black women survivorsof intimate partner violence.
Speaker 2 (17:31):
Tell us about that Too often times as service
providers we just deal with theintimate partner violence and we
don't recognize that somecommunities that's not the only
type of trauma or violence thatthey experience.
So we're not talking as muchabout historical trauma, rape,
slavery, lynching, segregationand that intergenerational
(17:55):
impact that it has oncontemporary survivors.
It determines how you processthe victimization that you've
experienced.
It determines how or if youwill seek help in the first
place.
We don't talk aboutinstitutional violence.
What happens when you're afraidto call the police because of
(18:15):
that long history ofmistreatment, or you're afraid
to go to the hospital, or you'renot trusting of social service
agencies?
That's institutional violenceif you're mistreated in those
settings.
We don't talk about structuralviolence.
Poverty, homelessness, racismthose are forms of structural
violence that makes intimatepartner violence worse.
(18:36):
We don't talk about communityviolence.
How do you live with violencein your home and you're fearful
in your community of beingrobbed, or high rates of
homicide there, or even familyviolence.
Many survivors have familyviolence in their families.
Growing up they witnessedintimate partner violence.
(18:56):
They were victims of childabuse or sexual abuse.
And there's also culturalviolence, and by cultural
violence I mean those images ofBlack women that are throughout
the media that suggest that weare inherently violent, that
we're deserving of ourvictimization.
I think, just as an aside,victimization, I think, just as
(19:21):
an aside, what we're seeing withthe Diddy trial and all the
horrific things that are beingsaid about the victims there,
the victim blaming, that's atype of violence that just is
throughout our culture and thenif you're dealing with that in
your own life, it's verydifficult to process that.
So we can't be effective doingthis work if we just say tell me
about the intimate partnerviolence in your relationship
(19:43):
right now and not consideringall the other forms of violence
that that survivor is dealingwith.
Speaker 1 (19:50):
That's such a big topic, web of trauma.
You presented a lot for us toconsider there.
What are some ways not todiminish it but boil down a
couple of ways a counselor ortherapist can talk to someone
about the web of trauma whenthey come in for maybe first
visit.
Speaker 2 (20:08):
So that's the purpose of tag number four.
I actually put in suggestionsabout how to do that.
That is a lot to unpack, butjust keeping it in your mind and
maybe one interview it's notgoing to be enough to do that.
But I think if the advocate canbe aware of that, just simply
if it's safe to ask do you havea safe place to live?
(20:31):
Do you have a place where youcan go in and lock the door and
be safe?
What is your neighborhood like?
What is your community like?
Can you read and write?
Do you have access to money andhow do you get that money?
So that's a way of assessing forstructural violence that they
may.
How have your interactions beenwith various institutions that
(20:53):
you're interacting with thepolice, the medical service,
that kind of thing?
So to just be aware and askingand realizing that those types
of violence impact the violencewithin her relationship.
If you're living in a communitywithout transportation, that's
going to make it a lot difficultfor you to access resources.
(21:14):
But at least if you're justaware of that, you can assess
for it and make plans to dealwith those types of challenges.
Speaker 1 (21:24):
That makes sense.
Let's change gears for a minute.
You note in your work that whenBlack women are murdered by an
intimate partner or in anotherform of homicide, or even when
they go missing, the media doesnot cover these cases as
frequently or as widely as when,say, it's a white woman who has
these experiences.
How is this contributing to theepidemic of intimate partner
(21:47):
violence for Black women?
Speaker 2 (21:49):
There's a really great book called no Humans
Involved the Serial Murder ofBlack Women and Girls and the
Deadly Cost of PoliceIndifference.
And what that does is itrenders the violence in their
lives invisible, which allowsperpetrators to operate with
(22:09):
impunity.
So then nobody's looking forthese young women and girls when
they go missing, some of themare sometimes trafficked or
murdered.
So again that goes back to theweb of trauma, not only within
your household but within yourcommunity, and so it renders
that violence invisible.
(22:31):
It implies that we don't needto look for these women, that
they're not going to be legalconsequences if you victimize
this population.
So that goes back to culturalviolence, where perpetrators
know that and they're going totarget populations that they
know there will not be much inthe way of consequences if they
(22:53):
murder these women or trafficthese women.
Speaker 1 (22:56):
Yeah, I mean.
You see that throughout history, the most vulnerable are those
who typically go missing, areenslaved or otherwise
experiencing some form of harmor crime or violence.
Let's talk about the detrimentsof what you call the colorblind
approach to intimate partnerviolence services.
Speaker 2 (23:19):
That really was inspired for me by several
things, having been in thismovement for more than 30 years,
attending so many trainings andworkshops where presenters will
stand up and they will say well, intimate partner violence is
colorblind.
It occurs across race and socialclass and it can happen to
anyone, and I think we did thatto really help people understand
(23:43):
how pervasive the problem is,and that totally made sense.
I get why that became a familiartagline of our movement, that's
true.
But we also fail to understandthat some groups are just
disproportionately impacted andif we take such a colorblind
approach, we won't structure andtailor our services to meet the
(24:09):
needs of the most marginalized,and so they then get overlooked
and they don't get the servicesthey need.
So if you're setting upservices that work really well
for white middle class women whoare in the suburbs, who have
maybe access to financialresources or transportation to
(24:29):
be able to escape the violence,we are not going to be
effectively serving those whothat's not their reality.
So I guess what I would sayabout that is there's an African
proverb that says you know, therain falls on all roofs equally
, but the impact still isn't thesame.
So, yes, everybody could bepotentially a victim of intimate
(24:52):
partner violence, but theimpact is going to be different
if you don't have a roof.
Speaker 1 (24:57):
Right.
Yeah, I kind of felt where youwere going with that one, like
if your roof is damaged, well,it's going to leak, right?
So, yes, you can get the visualand the whole idea behind just
that one proverb, because I know, at Genesis, instead of saying
you know, domestic violence iscolorblind, we typically say it
does not discriminate.
So it reaches across all typesof individuals around the world,
(25:20):
and in this case we're talkingabout women.
So anyone who identifies as awoman is at a higher risk just
by her gender.
Speaker 2 (25:28):
And that's going to look different depending on if
you're a trans woman, or ifyou're a woman of color, or if
you're a poor woman.
Speaker 1 (25:35):
Right, absolutely, and that goes back to the
intersectionality of theexperience.
So I picked up on somethingthat you wrote and I wanted to
ask you to help us understand it.
Here's a quote Anintersectional framework
provides an ideal lens toexamine and center the epidemic
of intimate partner violenceagainst Black women.
Help me understand that.
Speaker 2 (25:54):
What that really just means is, if we want to be
effective in doing this work andwe want to reach the most
vulnerable, we need to take anintersectional approach, that
you're not just a black womanbut you have a sexual
orientation.
So if you're in a same sexrelationship, how does the
violence show up differently foryou?
We can't assume all black womentrace their history to the
(26:17):
trans Atlantic slave trade.
Maybe you're an Africanimmigrant, maybe you're from the
Caribbean, so how does thatviolence show up for you?
Maybe you're a low income womanor you're a woman of faith, and
so if we can look at thosemultiple, marginalized
identities, how they intersect,we can more effectively tailor
(26:39):
our treatment to help them.
But here's what's important toowe can't make assumptions.
We have to talk to thatsurvivor, going back to being
survivor-centered.
What's the most important partof your identity for you?
It may not be what we think asan advocate, so really asking
(27:00):
and clarifying that for them,maybe the mental health care
isn't the thing If you're facinghomelessness and unstable
housing.
Maybe it's finding a place tolive in, transportation.
Maybe your faith community is agreat place for you to get help
.
But a woman who is a lesbian ortrans.
Maybe the faith communityhasn't been so great for her.
(27:22):
So understanding that,understanding those
intersectionalities, is how weprovide the best services.
Speaker 1 (27:30):
Yeah, that makes a lot of sense.
I appreciate those references.
Now, returning to solutions fora minute.
What are the most effectiveapproaches to supporting and
educating the community aboutgender-based violence?
Speaker 2 (27:44):
I really like the ideal of using the media.
When I was in graduate schooland Mike Tyson was convicted of
raping a beauty contestant, whatwe did is we took out a full
page ad in the black newspaperin St Louis where we broke down
rape myths and explained how itdisproportionately impacts black
(28:06):
women, and that was a creativeway of educating the community.
That was brilliant.
We can do that around thesehigh profile cases that we're
facing now using social media,having young women use all forms
of social media to talk abouthow violence has impacted them
(28:28):
and to break down thosemisconceptions.
Do bystander treatment, peoplewill oftentimes turn to family
or friends.
We need to educate everybody inthe survivor social support
network so they understand riskfactors, so that they can then
intervene and not say thingsthat will be harmful to the
(28:52):
survivor.
We have to get into faithcommunities.
We have to go where survivorsare barbershop, beauty salons,
nail salons and, I think, whenyou're in a different kind of
setting where people are justtalking and sharing information
anyway, educating those peoplearound the survivor who can say,
(29:13):
hey, here are where theresources are in our community
to get help.
That is one way and, I think,really educating advocates and
service providers and anybody,everybody who may have contact
with survivors to know what tolook for, be trauma informed and
see that maybe what you'reseeing, this person, is maybe
(29:37):
not acting out, maybe they havesome trauma or victimization and
they really need assistance.
That's what we have to do,because domestic violence just
thrives on silence, secrecy andshame.
So if we can have conversationswhere there's less of a stigma
of talking about it, it can bereally impactful.
Speaker 1 (29:58):
That's an excellent point and I love what you just
said about how domestic violencethrives on silence, secrecy and
shame.
Thank you for all of thatinformation.
Where can people access thetags?
Speaker 2 (30:09):
They can find them at the National Resource Center on
Domestic Violence, and I'vealso posted them on my personal
website, drcarolynwestcom,because I wanted to make sure
that they were just readilyavailable and free for download,
so that people can click onthem and find the resources that
they need if they want to learnmore.
Speaker 1 (30:31):
I can attest to this because I've been on your
website and they're really easyto navigate and to read and I
found it very meaningful.
I really value your work and Ithank you for talking with me
today.
Speaker 2 (30:44):
Thank you so much for having me.
My hope is during that pandemic, when I was processing
everything.
I hope that I've created aresource that advocates can
freely use, freely share andthat we can move forward and
continue this work going forward.
I hope so.
Speaker 1 (31:01):
Thank you.
Genesis Women's Shelter andSupport exists to give women in
abusive situations a way out.
We are committed to our missionof providing safety, shelter
and support for women andchildren who have experienced
domestic violence, and to raiseawareness regarding its cause,
prevalence and impact.
Join us in creating a societalshift on how people think about
(31:21):
domestic violence.
You can learn more atGenesisShelterorg and when you
follow us on social media onFacebook and Instagram at
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Popular Podcasts
On Purpose with Jay Shetty
I’m Jay Shetty host of On Purpose the worlds #1 Mental Health podcast and I’m so grateful you found us. I started this podcast 5 years ago to invite you into conversations and workshops that are designed to help make you happier, healthier and more healed. I believe that when you (yes you) feel seen, heard and understood you’re able to deal with relationship struggles, work challenges and life’s ups and downs with more ease and grace. I interview experts, celebrities, thought leaders and athletes so that we can grow our mindset, build better habits and uncover a side of them we’ve never seen before. New episodes every Monday and Friday. Your support means the world to me and I don’t take it for granted — click the follow button and leave a review to help us spread the love with On Purpose. I can’t wait for you to listen to your first or 500th episode!
Ruthie's Table 4
For more than 30 years The River Cafe in London, has been the home-from-home of artists, architects, designers, actors, collectors, writers, activists, and politicians. Michael Caine, Glenn Close, JJ Abrams, Steve McQueen, Victoria and David Beckham, and Lily Allen, are just some of the people who love to call The River Cafe home. On River Cafe Table 4, Rogers sits down with her customers—who have become friends—to talk about food memories. Table 4 explores how food impacts every aspect of our lives. “Foods is politics, food is cultural, food is how you express love, food is about your heritage, it defines who you and who you want to be,” says Rogers. Each week, Rogers invites her guest to reminisce about family suppers and first dates, what they cook, how they eat when performing, the restaurants they choose, and what food they seek when they need comfort. And to punctuate each episode of Table 4, guests such as Ralph Fiennes, Emily Blunt, and Alfonso Cuarón, read their favourite recipe from one of the best-selling River Cafe cookbooks. Table 4 itself, is situated near The River Cafe’s open kitchen, close to the bright pink wood-fired oven and next to the glossy yellow pass, where Ruthie oversees the restaurant. You are invited to take a seat at this intimate table and join the conversation. For more information, recipes, and ingredients, go to https://shoptherivercafe.co.uk/ Web: https://rivercafe.co.uk/ Instagram: www.instagram.com/therivercafelondon/ Facebook: https://en-gb.facebook.com/therivercafelondon/ For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iheartradio app, apple podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com
The Joe Rogan Experience
The official podcast of comedian Joe Rogan.