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February 13, 2025 15 mins

On this week's episode we speak to several firefighters and CFS staffers, as we look at key bushfire events in history, and how those events have changed how we deal with fires today. 

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Speaker 1 (00:01):
My Heart Aside.

Speaker 2 (00:03):
Hi, I'm Jackie Limb with iHeart Essay, a brand new
show covering all the biggest issues and best stories from
around the regions. This week, we're looking into the disasters
that rocked our local communities and how those incidents have
shaped how we react today. With several hot days still
ahead of us before the end of summer, we're being
encouraged to remember where we've been and how far we've

(00:25):
come in bush fire preventions and preparation. The end of
last year marked five years since Yorktown's grasspire and Cuddley
Creek's hilly terrain both made for interesting and devastating circumstances
in twenty nineteen, while in January, the Air Peninsula commemorated
twenty years and remembered those they lost in the Wangery
Fires of two thousand and five. Our reporter Brooks say

(00:47):
Shell reports from the Air Peninsula.

Speaker 3 (00:50):
Thanks Jackie. Yeah, there's been a bet of a solemn
feel in the air over the last few weeks. I
was able to catch up with veteran firefighter for the
CFS Kim Eagle, who was on the ground back on
that fateful Monday and Tuesday.

Speaker 4 (01:04):
It was the worst fire in South Australia since Ash Wednesday.
My experience of the day, I was a local brigade
captain back then for White Flat Brigade. Initial memories were
clearly it was such a bad day. When the hot
north wind came in, temperatures would have been well over forty.
The significant part about it, which I learned later was

(01:26):
a fire danger index when that was calculated for the
day was well into the three hundreds. We consider a
catastrophic day at one hundred. When you match it all up,
it was a pretty untidy day as far as fire
fighting is concerned. And then the other memory was just
the speed it traveled. Could well have been one hundred
cars an hour. I know we were in the initial

(01:46):
flare up. We were going across an open paddock and
the my driver in the truck said we're doing sixty
cars an hour, and yeah, it was pulling away from
us pretty comfortably, so we just couldn't keep up.

Speaker 3 (01:56):
It is the twentieth anniversary of the fire this year,
so I was wondering if you could give an insight
into what you're hoping to achieve.

Speaker 4 (02:04):
It's just about recognizing the significance of the event To
the community. It was a traumatic time for those that
were directly involved and indirectly clearly it's their Pinicula is
a close knit community, so everybody knows somebody or related
to somebody that probably got impacted. Nine lives were lost
on the day. You know there will be significant recolle

(02:24):
recollections for those families. The other aspect of looking at
the anniversary is the community and cfs as well have
moved on and made improvements, and you know, the community
through our local regional community Engagement officer are doing a
lot of work in pre preparedness with their bushfire action

(02:45):
plans and what to do in an emergency, and things
don't stand still after events like that.

Speaker 3 (02:50):
Yeah, I was going to ask, how have you seen
the technology and resources change from twenty years ago to now,
Like are we better prepared for in case something like
this happen again?

Speaker 4 (03:01):
Certainly we're a lot better equipped than we were back then.
A lot of things that we see today within cfs
actually ironically born out of the Wandria fire and the
subsequent coroner's inquiry. The public warning systems we use these
days had its origins from Wangara, and we've had an
increase in regional staff as well, So when we get

(03:22):
incidents like that, that information gets flowed out to the
community in a lot more responsive manner.

Speaker 3 (03:28):
And those updates are just the start. I also recently
spoke with CFS Commander Stephen Boucher. He says the disaster
highlighted the gaps in our response strategies.

Speaker 5 (03:39):
Back then, I said, twenty years ago with a bold
significantly since then, it was a fire that was unprecedented,
burnt just under seventy eight thousand hecktares and destroyed ninety
three houses and fatally killed nine individuals. This fire was
a line in the sands for the Country Fire Service,
and we had a number of recommendations that were embedded

(04:01):
across the agency. And I'd say since then, we've seen
significant improvements as part of the recommendations around the grain
harvesting Code of Practice, vast improvements in the issue in
the public warning and emergency warning systems, which are now
a national framework, which is a three tet approach that
we used to this day.

Speaker 3 (04:20):
In what ways have these fires Because I know we
also had the Cudley Creek and Duckpond fires in twenty nineteen,
it's been five years since those that you were involved in.
In what ways have these fires shaped the resources for
both the community and the CFS.

Speaker 5 (04:34):
Yeah, resources are a critical component now, and when we
talk resourcing, we call the ability to scale up for
operational incidents and call in additional fire trucks. And that
has never been as easy as what it is today,
and we're able to draw upon our ninety one fire
trucks quite quickly. But also the deployment to enable crews
to come over from Adelaide, Portogaster, our neighboring areas. But

(04:56):
more broadly now interstate and international, we see there's more
the holistic approach and not really isolated to be left
with locals to manage the fires. It's a more encompassing
approach these days.

Speaker 2 (05:09):
Thanks for that, Brook, We'll have more coming up after
the break.

Speaker 1 (05:13):
I essay, I had Essa, welcome back.

Speaker 2 (05:21):
We just spoke with two ep fieries about the devastation
left behind by the Wandery fires in two thousand and
five and started to look into how that event shaped
how we fight fires today. More recently, in twenty nineteen,
the Yorktown and Cudley Creek fires saw houses, land and
even a life lost. I spoke to recently retired incident

(05:42):
controller with National Parks and the CFF, Richard de Gruz,
about how much we can and have learned from these
events as well.

Speaker 1 (05:49):
If you look at complexity and the duration of the fire.
The Yorktown fire was a grass land fire and they
experienced really strong northerly winds early in the morning, and
because it was mainly grassland, the rate of spread was
particularly quick. We had forty fifty kilometer hour winds. It

(06:11):
traveled over twenty five kilometers overnight. But in terms of duration,
the difference is that that event really was over a
twenty four hour period. The Covered Creek fire that was
burning in a combination of native vegetation and grassland, but
in very steep terrain, so the difficulty of gaining access

(06:31):
for firefighters to get in physically suppressive fire was a
lot more challenging having the ability to keep up with
that in the train that it was burning in, so
we just couldn't access it right.

Speaker 2 (06:42):
So this is kind of similar then, I suppose the
Cuddly Creek fire maybe then too in the National mount
Remarkable National Park. At the moment, the fire burning near
Warrington been going for over a week now.

Speaker 1 (06:52):
Yes, and that's exactly right, Jackie. That difficulty because they're
fighting fire in very steep terrain that's got quite thick,
dense vegetation, and most effectively they are doing a combination
of back burning but also waiting for the fire to
burn out into accessible countries so they get their ability

(07:13):
to get their fire suppress and equipment to physically put
it out.

Speaker 2 (07:16):
And as far as preparation goes, you'd have different preparation
then for different areas, you know, as opposed to steep terrain,
or those in the Adelaide Hills would have something different
to do than those at the Yorktown fires for example.

Speaker 1 (07:30):
Yeah, yes, yes, Well, in that steep terrain in native vegetation,
there's really in terms of preparation and trying to maximize
your ability to suppress a fire should it start. We
use prescribed burning, so there's a program that National Parks run.
What happens there is you're doing obviously a controlled environment

(07:50):
normally during spring and autumn, and you burn a vegetation
out in strategic areas to allow greater fuel reduction zone.
So when a fire does kick off, once it progresses
into those prescribed burning areas, inevitably the intensity and the

(08:11):
rates have spread are lower because there's less fuel. So yes,
natural bush we tend to use more prescribed burning and
in open grassland that tends to be more around creating
mirror earth breaks in many instances around crop lands and grassrooms.

Speaker 2 (08:26):
Right, So, how have things changed? Maybe then since back
then versus in the later part of your career.

Speaker 1 (08:32):
I guess there's a few things that come to mind.
The fire appliants upgrades that see if they's introduced around
twenty twenty, have completed their program in twenty twenty three,
where the appliance is probably the best in Australia. They've
got radiant heat curtains, they've got in cabin breathing systems.

(08:53):
The appliances are all equipped with dousing water bousing systems
so literally flick on the pump and it just SATs
rates the whole fire appliants with water. So not only
the fire appliants is more adapted to fighting in a
range of in a range of terrain, but they're also
very much the emphasis has been placed on crew safety.

(09:13):
The other one is aerial suppression capability, so CFS following
following the ki and cuddly creek fires. They've successfully managed
to secure funding to increase their aerial capability, so they've
got about thirty one aircraft now spread across the state.
They're located in air Peninsular and mid North Southeast and

(09:35):
of course in Ount Lofty Ranges.

Speaker 2 (09:37):
And as far as obviously that's everything that you guys
were able to do, but as far as someone who
lives on the land, or even someone just lives in
Adelaide Hills on just a normal every day, what do
people do.

Speaker 1 (09:47):
To propiate I advise to go to the CFS website
and they've got a wealth of information on how to
prepare for bushfire, what to do during a bush fire,
and what to do after a bushfire. So that's all
outlined on website. But the important part is to make
sure the fine fuels are cleared from around your home

(10:07):
for a good twenty twenty five meters. And I say
fine fuels specifically because trees or vegetation of a larger
diameter doesn't really have an impact on the fire behavior.
It's the fine fuels. Fuels are less than six millimeters
in thickness. That's what has the impact on intensity and

(10:29):
rates of spread. So the fine fuels are important to remove,
so that's things like obviously bark leaves are very fine vegetation.
That's important to remove that from around your home. And
the other thing that's important is minimizing the impact of
ember attacks, So that's the leaves and barks that are
blowing through the air burning, and a lot of houses

(10:53):
are impacted as a result of ember attacks. So it's
not actually the fire half front necessarily, it's the actual
ember attack that takes hold and starts fire and destroys
your home.

Speaker 2 (11:04):
Experts are saying that another big event is likely to
happen again sometime sooner rather than later, as we're looking
at something like the Wander fires or ash Wednesday or
something like that happening again. Do you think we're ready
for it.

Speaker 1 (11:16):
That's a really good question, Jackie, in quite a complex
one to answer. I think the broader community, particularly those
living in bushfire areas, are a bit more aware of
bushfire safety. I think our public warning system has improved
immensely over the last twenty years, so now that we're
informing the public of where the fire is in which

(11:39):
areas it's going to impact, that's been a great improvement
in terms of suppressing a fire in catastrophic conditions, that's
not possible. The fires moving to greater intensity and greater
rates have spread to safely be in a position to
suppress it. So then it's just a matter of being

(12:00):
in a position where you're out of the fire's way
or having an ability to find a bushfire safer place.
So I'm optimistic that people are more aware of the
bushfire danger seas the impacts of bushfire. I think it's
inevitable that we will get a major event in years
to come that Yeah, let's just hope that people that

(12:22):
live in those bushfire areas are well aware of the
threats and put in practices to minimize those threats, and
this should a bushfire start.

Speaker 2 (12:31):
This weekend also marks the forty second anniversary of the
Ash Wednesday fires across Essay and Victoria, which claimed fourteen
lives in the Adelaide Hills alone. Sunday, Feb sixteen is
Bushfire Resilience Day and occasion to one of those who
have lost their lives in a bushfire, to recognize the
strength of those who have recovered and adapted from disasters,

(12:53):
and to encourage efforts to build greater bushfire Resilience. Assistant
Chief Officer at the CFS, Allison May, says the ash
Wednesday fires were pivotal in helping shape the CFS as
it stands today.

Speaker 6 (13:05):
The CFS is a very different organization to what it
was with Ash Wednesday back in nineteen eighty three. The
spirit of CFS and our volunteers remains the same, but
the firefighting agency that we are today has so much
better equipment, the training for our personnel, the protective clothing

(13:27):
that they wear, the communication, everything in terms of that
response is just leaped and downds above where it was
in Ash Wednesday. A lot of lessons were learned at
that time and continue to be learned since.

Speaker 2 (13:41):
And so how many lives have we lost to bush
fires over the years. So this day Resilience Day is
an occasion to honor those who have died.

Speaker 6 (13:51):
Since the formation of CFS as a unified state funded
agency in nineteen seventy seven, bush fires have resulted in
the lot fifty three lives in South Australia as well
as obviously the destruction and loss of countless clones. And
this year's Bushfire Resilience Day is particularly poignant because we're

(14:13):
reflecting on the twentieth anniversary of the Wandery Fires in
two thousand and five on Air Peninsula, and they were
particularly catastrophic, burning approximately seventy eight thousand sectors of land
and significant building losses as well as nine fatalities. So

(14:35):
it's an important time to reflect on the scale of
impact of these kind of events can be and how
important it is that we do everything we can to
be prepared and reduce risk.

Speaker 2 (14:47):
Definitely a day for reflection on Sunday. To the families
of those who have died, our thoughts are with you,
and to anyone who's ever worked on the fire ground,
we thank you. You're the real heroes. That's it for
this week. Don't forget you here iHeart Essay, in the
iHeart app or wherever you get your podcasts. I'm Jackie Limb.
Join us again next week for more of the stories

(15:07):
you want to hear. I Heart Essay the voice of
South Australia.

Speaker 5 (15:12):
I Hearts
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