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November 23, 2025 15 mins

A landmark report from the United Nations’s children’s fund (UNICEF) has found that young people are experiencing concerningly high rates of discrimination. They’re feeling increasingly disconnected from their communities and concerned about their futures, while developmental outcomes show the youngest Aussies are falling the furthest behind.  What are the barriers to achieving better outcomes, and what needs to change? To find out more, we’re speaking to Nicole Breeze, UNICEF Australia’s Chief Advocate for Children.

Hosts: Emma Gillespie and Lucy Tassell
Guest: Nicole Breeze, UNICEF Australia
Producer: Elliot Lawry

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Episode Transcript

Available transcripts are automatically generated. Complete accuracy is not guaranteed.
Speaker 1 (00:00):
Already and this is the daily This is the daily.

Speaker 2 (00:04):
Ohs oh, now it makes sense. Good morning and welcome
to the Daily Ours. It's Monday, the twenty fourth of November.
I'm Emma Gillespie.

Speaker 3 (00:20):
I'm Lucy Tassel.

Speaker 2 (00:21):
A landmark report from the United Nations Children's Fund aka
UNISEF has found that young people are experiencing concerningly high
rates of discrimination. They're feeling increasingly disconnected from their communities
and concerned about their futures, while developmental outcomes also show
the youngest ossies are falling the furthest behind.

Speaker 3 (00:44):
By the time they start school. Only half of Australian
children are meeting key developmental metrics including physical, health, social
and cognitive outcomes. That's according to unisef's findings.

Speaker 2 (00:56):
So what are the barriers to better outcomes and what
needs needs to change?

Speaker 1 (01:01):
Well?

Speaker 2 (01:01):
To find out more, we are speaking to an expert today,
Nicole Breeze. Nicole is UNICEF Australia's Chief Advocate for Children
and she joins me now. Nicole Breese, welcome to the podcast.

Speaker 4 (01:16):
Thank you so much, Emma. It's great to be here.

Speaker 2 (01:19):
Thank you for joining us. Today. We are talking about
UNICEF's inaugural Report on the Lives of Young Australians. Before
we dig into the findings, can you give us a
top line explainer on the purpose and the scope of
this report.

Speaker 1 (01:33):
Yeah, every child in every family and every community is
born with the potential to thrive if they get the
right supports, and Australia has all of the conditions for
this to be one of the best places in the
world for children and young.

Speaker 4 (01:47):
People to grow up. What our report does is bring
together data from one hundred different sources and we've also
listened extensively to young Australians and to children as young
as three throughout the process. And really the report is
a tool for action, Emma. It really helps us to
see the whole picture for children and young people across

(02:09):
all the aspects of their lives which are important, and
helps us understand how they're going.

Speaker 2 (02:15):
What have young people told you is most important to them?
What do they care about?

Speaker 4 (02:20):
Well, when you listen to teens Australian teens, the most
significant thing on their mind when they think about their
future is financial security and housing security. When they think ahead,
this is the number one concern occupying their minds. So

(02:41):
that's really front and center for our young people at
this point in time.

Speaker 2 (02:44):
I was startled by a start about exactly what you've
described housing affordability. That forty one percent of young people
said that they would want to make housing more affordable
if they were in charge. What's the impact of young
people carrying such adult burdens. I suppose at such a
very early stage of their life. You know, you would

(03:07):
think most young people hopefully wouldn't be thinking about those
kinds of things.

Speaker 4 (03:12):
Yeah, I mean, I think really it really is worrying
and it's a wake up call for us. You know.
The other thing that struck me, and this is is
less than one third of our young people describe themselves
as very optimistic about the next five years. So that's
only only one in three. So and I think you're right, Emma.
You know, with these type of this sense of burden

(03:34):
and there's challenging issues on their minds. So what we
can see is that this is weighing them down and
it's denting their optimism and outlook for the future.

Speaker 2 (03:43):
The report says that Australia has all the economic, social
and political conditions needed for every child to thrive, but
the findings paint a picture that tells us not every
child is thriving and in fact far from it. What
are some of the key disconnects there? Can you tell
us about the key findings around inequalities?

Speaker 4 (04:06):
Yeah, absolutely so. I think what you can see through
this research is that unfortunately, life is getting harder for
children and young people who are already facing significant challenges.
So one of the most startling findings in the report,
or stats in the report, for me, is that children
who are living in out of home care, we know

(04:27):
the vast majority of these children and young people are
in fact Aboriginal and Tory, straight up islander children and
young people. About a third of them will become homeless
within a year. So for me, that's really illustrative of
this sort of thing that we're seeing that for those
already encountering challenges, things are getting harder. But what I'd
add to that, Emma, is that we're actually seeing emerging

(04:48):
challenges right across the population here, you know, things from
escalating mental health concerns really across all households, across all demographics.
You know, more than about one in five teens now
are reporting high levels of psychological distress. There are other
sets of trends, but you know, I think this is
the key thing. It's getting harder for those already experiencing challenges,

(05:11):
but we're seeing these challenges now being accounted much more
and more broadly. If I can come to your question
on the disconnect here, and you're absolutely right. You know,
we've got accessible health and education systems, we've got a
resilient economy. But I think what we aren't necessarily getting
right all the time. Firstly, it's our focus on prevention,

(05:32):
early intervention, and ensuring that all children, regardless of their postcode,
who they are, where they live, them and their families
are able to connect with accessible support early in life
when they need it. So that's one of the key
things that I think we've got to look at changing
the dial on.

Speaker 2 (05:49):
That figure about First Nations youth homelessness is particularly startling.
Many experts, researchers, politicians continue to ask, you know why
these gaps persist despite years of policy attention. Did your
report glean any light on that issue?

Speaker 4 (06:09):
We know that you know, there are so many strengths
in our First Nations communities, connection to culture, to family,
to identity, and we know that the solutions here lie
in really the ability of First Nations communities to be
highly engaged in the design of policies, programs and support

(06:30):
systems that are intended to provide the necessary support. So
I'm not sure that our report has shed anything any
new lights on what needs to happen, but again it
just reveals through the sort of statistics that we're still
we've still got a way to go in terms of
really getting this targeting right and respecting and enabling the

(06:51):
leadership from our First Nations communities.

Speaker 2 (06:53):
You've also shared some data with TDA about safety and belonging,
which I found fascinating. One in three young people feel
they don't belong in their community most all of the time.
What does that mean in practical terms?

Speaker 4 (07:10):
You know, I think also what young Australians are reporting
is that thirty percent of them have experienced discrimination. That
sort of percentage gets a bit higher when we're looking
at First Nations communities that's forty one percent. And also
children and young people with a disability. So I think
when sort of probed a bit as to what's going
on here, children and young people talk about sort of

(07:31):
the most significant reasons for that, you know, they're sort
of encountering comments and discrimination about physical appearance, about race,
about age, and about gender, And what we know is
a sense of belonging is just so vital to children
and young people's well being, and it's so critical that
we get this right. And I think, you know, these
challenges do start to translate for us in some of

(07:54):
these issues we're seeing with escalating mental health concerns amongst
our children and young people as well. I think these
dimensions are so closely correlated.

Speaker 2 (08:02):
When we think about, you know, vulnerable young people minority groups.
Is there any findings relating to gender diverse and LGBTQ
plus children and the impacts of perhaps the retric that
maybe they're seeing in the media over recent years, the
kind of harmful conversations going on on the more conservative

(08:23):
side of politics.

Speaker 1 (08:24):
Perhaps, Yeah.

Speaker 4 (08:26):
Look, I think unfortunately our LGBTQA plus young people are
reporting higher rates of discrimination in our research as well,
and in a recent survey that was run by eighteen
and amazing organizations supporting the well being of young people
in that community, only about a quarter of young people

(08:47):
who identify as sexually or gender diverse described themselves as
out to most or all of their families. So again,
I think this does kind of indicate to us that
we have got more to do with respect to really
recognizing the importance of culture and identity and diversity for
all of our young people as so central to healthy

(09:10):
development and well being.

Speaker 2 (09:11):
So we've heard some really concerning outcomes and attitudes regarding
the social conditions of life for young Aussies across a
really broad age group. But I'm interested in hearing a
bit about unicf's ideas for what comes next. What are
some of the recommendations in this report to address these challenges.

Speaker 4 (09:34):
Well, firstly, we really believe we need stronger national leadership.
Every child, regardless of who they are and where they live,
entitled to the same standards of wellbeing. What we need
to do is elevate this much more centrally as a priority. Now,
we do have some strengths to build on, and there
has been progress made foreshore, and I think a good

(09:56):
example of that is in the early childhood education and
care lane, where we are seeing accelerating rates of enrollment
and participation because we've had that focus, because we've had
that coordination, because we've had that leadership. So that's our
first kind of call is really we need a national
plan of action for children, and that's not a plan
for children's protection in isolation to their health, in isolation

(10:20):
to their learning, which you have to put children right
in the center here. So that's the first thing, and
the second thing is we've got to get things right
in terms of this investment in prevention, early intervention and support.
Families across the country are doing the best they can.
Our parents and caregivers are doing everything they can to
support their children and young people. But the pressures on

(10:43):
families are rising, you know, and we see this strongly
in our support. And what we've got to do is,
you know, this is not an exercise in telling parents
in caregivers what they need to do. It's about better
listening and understanding to what they need and calibrating support
systems so they can access them early and so that
they meet their needs. So it's national leadership, it's prevention

(11:04):
in its early intervention, and finally, it's the voice and participation.

Speaker 2 (11:09):
As you mentioned that, I'm kind of thinking about the
conversation at the moment going on nationally around youth justice,
youth crime rates, particularly the legislation we've seen in places
like Queensland, Victoria, the NT the adult time for adult
crime kind of conversation. Does it concern you that there
might be this generation of young people sort of being missed?

Speaker 4 (11:32):
This is a significant concern for us watching the developments
in this space. You know, I'd come back to the
first thing I said to you, Emma, which is every
single child, every single young person has enormous potential to
thrive if they're well supported. Unfortunately, what we see in
some of these policy settings, and I think this one
of youth justice is a really emblematic example of it,

(11:56):
where chasing crises, you know, at the end where unfortunately, children, families,
young people have been let down by the systems that
are intended to support them. And we know that Australia's
former National Children's Commissioner, Anne Hollins, did an extensive process
of consultation with young Australians who are encountering the criminal

(12:17):
justice system. And you know, I think the title of
her report is really really telling. You know, it's called
help way Earlier, and they're the words of a young
person she spoke to and he just said to her,
we need help way earlier. So and we also know
all the evidence shows us that these current punitive approaches
actually aren't helping us to address the problems of youth

(12:39):
offending because we see the rates of young people who
have been in incarceration returning to incarceration, So the rates
of reoffending are not reducing either. So we've got to
get this targeted right and supporting these kids, these families
much earlier to get themselves on a trajectory. If kids

(12:59):
get off to a good start and there they are supported,
then the outlook is much brighter for them and for
the wider community.

Speaker 2 (13:07):
There has been positive progress in some areas. It should
be noted early childhood education enrollment, as you've touched on,
youth unemployment is down. Are these bright spots something that
we can replicate in other areas? What's working?

Speaker 1 (13:24):
Yeah?

Speaker 4 (13:24):
Absolutely, And you know, I think we really come back
to this and we have a sense of optimism, Emma,
We really do. We know what works. Decades of research
tell us that we know how to get these supports
right around kids and young people. And as you as
you rightly point, we see progress in some of these
key areas and consistently, what happens when things work, you've

(13:48):
got national leadership and prioritization. You've got a set of
minimum standards that apply to all children everywhere, and you've
really got this commitment to getting those investments in at
the front end of the system. Early intervention changes outcomes,
It saves money and it helps us to target these

(14:08):
more equitable outcomes that we know we need and you
know Australia should be you know, it's an amazing country
we live in, but it's not okay that it's amazing
for some kids and not all kids. We've got to
change in the situation and we can.

Speaker 2 (14:22):
A perfect sentiment to end on. I think, thank you
so so much for joining us today, Nicole. Fascinating to
hear your insights.

Speaker 4 (14:29):
Thank you so much, it's been a great conversation.

Speaker 3 (14:32):
That's it for today's deep Dive. Thank you so much
to Nicole Bree's for joining us. We'll be back this
afternoon with the headlines. Until then, have a great day.

Speaker 4 (14:44):
My name is Lily Madden and I'm a proud Adunda
Bunjelung Calcouttin woman from Gadigo Country.

Speaker 3 (14:50):
The Daily oz acknowledges that this podcast is recorded on
the lands of the Gadighl people and pays respect to
all Aboriginal and Torres Straight Island and nations. We pay
our respe text to the first peoples of these countries,
both past and present.
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